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WO1997049956A1 - Dispositif capteur solaire - Google Patents

Dispositif capteur solaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1997049956A1
WO1997049956A1 PCT/NZ1997/000083 NZ9700083W WO9749956A1 WO 1997049956 A1 WO1997049956 A1 WO 1997049956A1 NZ 9700083 W NZ9700083 W NZ 9700083W WO 9749956 A1 WO9749956 A1 WO 9749956A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
collector
mirror
framework
target
solar tracker
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/NZ1997/000083
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas James Finnie
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AU32784/97A priority Critical patent/AU3278497A/en
Publication of WO1997049956A1 publication Critical patent/WO1997049956A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H10SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10FINORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
    • H10F77/00Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
    • H10F77/40Optical elements or arrangements
    • H10F77/42Optical elements or arrangements directly associated or integrated with photovoltaic cells, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
    • H10F77/488Reflecting light-concentrating means, e.g. parabolic mirrors or concentrators using total internal reflection
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S23/00Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
    • F24S23/70Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
    • F24S23/74Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with trough-shaped or cylindro-parabolic reflective surfaces
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S30/00Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
    • F24S30/40Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
    • F24S30/45Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with two rotation axes
    • F24S30/452Vertical primary axis
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24SSOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S50/00Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
    • F24S50/20Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for tracking
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02SGENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/30Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
    • H02S20/32Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02SGENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S40/00Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
    • H02S40/40Thermal components
    • H02S40/44Means to utilise heat energy, e.g. hybrid systems producing warm water and electricity at the same time
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20Solar thermal
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/47Mountings or tracking
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y02E10/52PV systems with concentrators
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/60Thermal-PV hybrids

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a two axis solar tracker and solar power collecting device Such a device could be used to track the sun and/or to collect the power from solar radiation falling on the device and store it for later use. Such devices are primarily for use in domestic, commercial and industrial sites
  • Solar collecting devices at present are generally of a type that is stationary, allowing collection of energy from the sun's rays as sun light falls on the solar panels of the device
  • a mosaic of parabolic reflecting surfaces can be used for heating liquids to obtain elevated temperatures.
  • Another known type of solar collector is one that includes strips of a material with a mirror finish, which strips are arrayed in a parabola. Light can be both absorbed and reflected for collection
  • the parabolic reflector requires water cooling, where water may not always be available
  • the addition of water reticulation for the cooling water further complicates the component parts of the collector.
  • An object of the present invention is the provision of a solar tracker or solar power collector that overcomes many of the disadvantages outlined above and provides a useful alternative to the trackers/collectors already known.
  • a further object of the invention is the provision of a portable tracker/collector that is suitable for supplying heating and/or some of the power requirements of a commercial, industrial or domestic operation
  • the present invention provides a solar tracker and sunlight collector which includes a base and supporting frame; a framework movably connected to said frame and supported thereon, whereby the means of connection allows for movement of the framework relative to the frame in two directions; a plurality of collecting mirrors, each mirror including a mirror support which is pivotally connected to said framework such that each mirror can be arranged to direct light to a focal point of the device; a target, placed at a focal point of the device, said target including the capacity to have liquid circulated therethrough by a pump, said target being secured to the framework; a photovoltaic panel rigidly connected to said framework, whereby direct sunlight striking said panel generates electricity for operation of a control means; two electric motors each connected to drive means, one motor being for rotation of the framework in the azimuth plane about an azimuth pivot point, and one motor for the elevation of the framework about a horizontal pivot point, each plane of rotation being relative to the base, control means which includes a battery, a time based control system (including a clock) which causes the framework
  • said battery is a 12 volt battery that is used to operate the electric motors if there is no sunlight falling directly on the mirrors (i.e. when it is cloudy).
  • the time based control system rotates the framework at approximately 15° per hour, tracking the sun's position.
  • the electric motors are each connected to a drive on the framework that rotates the framework about the respective planar pivot points
  • the azimuth pivot point is within the dimensions of the base and the horizontal pivot point is between the mirrors and the target, but adjacent the mirrors.
  • each mirror is concave or parabolic about one axis and the mirror support rigidly retains said mirror in this shape, without distortion of the surface
  • the mirror is preferably a metal alloy of low polish with a highly polished reflective film smoothly secured thereto
  • control means also incorporates controls to move the collector off the sun if the liquid temperature exceeds a maximum preset temperature (“over temperature control”)
  • Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic side view of the present invention.
  • Fig. 2 is a perspective view of a collecting mirror of the present invention.
  • a solar tracker/collector 2 is thereshown
  • the collector 2 includes a base 3 and support frame 4, a framework 5 and target 6.
  • the framework 5 is pivotally connected to the frame 4 through a pivot point 10 which is forward of the framework 5 and approximately half way up the framework 5, so that the pivot point is in the space between the target 6 and framework 5 but adjacent the framework 5
  • the framework 5 includes a mirror supporting frame arm 7, a base arm 8 which is rigidly connected at one end at right angles to the frame arm 7, and a target support arm 9 which is rigidly connected to the second end of the base arm 8
  • the target arm 9 rigidly supports the target 6.
  • the base arm 8 acts as a counterweight to the weight of the frame arm
  • the supporting frame arm 7 has secured thereto a plurality of collecting mirrors 1 1
  • the mirrors 11 are pivotable to a limited degree about their point of securement to the frame arm 7 (for example, by the use of a universal joint at the back of the supporting bracket (12, Fig. 2) Thus the or each mirror 11 can be pivoted to provide a focus for that mirror 11 on the target 6.
  • each mirror 1 1 includes a supporting bracket 12.
  • the bracket 12 includes two longitudinal braces 13 and cross braces 14. Boxing 15 centrally situated between the longitudinal braces 13 allows for ease of handling the mirror 1 1.
  • a universal joint (not shown) is secured to the centre 16 of the back of the boxing 15 to permit the movement of each mirror 11 (for initial alignment of the mirrors 11 ) once secured to the frame arm 7
  • the mirror surface 17 is of a bendable sheet of a metal alloy. In practice it has been found that aluminium sheeting, appropriately cut to a rectangular size and secured to a bracket 12, is appropriate for small run production.
  • the supporting bracket 12 and surface 17 may also be formed by injection molding of plastics or a similar suitable material
  • the surface 17 can be secured to the bracket by any known means (for example gluing, spot welding, etc).
  • the curve on the front of the longitudinal braces 13 is concave or parabolic, and the resultant shape of the front of the mirror 1 1 is concave about one axis
  • a thin foil of film of highly reflective paper or foil (not shown) is then secured to the front of the surface 17 such that there is a smooth surface to the mirror 1 1 Alternatively, if so desired, the surface 17 of the mirror 1 1 can be highly polished to act as the reflective surface
  • Each mirror 11 is mounted on the frame arm 7 and angled so that the focal point for each mirror 11 is on the target 6
  • the target 6 is a box with a surface of highly absorptive material
  • the target 6 includes means for the circulation of a liquid
  • the target arm 9 is shown in Fig 1 as extending upwardly from the base 8.
  • the target 6 may be supported from above, via an upper frame which extends from the top of the frame arm 7 over the base 3
  • a pump pumps the liquid from a bulk storage container (not shown)
  • Two high temperature sensors (not shown), one attached to the target 6, are used to activate the motor controlling elevation if the measured temperature rises above the desired temperature
  • a suitable antifreeze compound may be used in the liquid. If an antifreeze is used, a heat exchanger (of known type) must be used to transfer heat from the liquid containing antifreeze to another liquid (in known manner)
  • the control (not shown) of the framework 5 about the elevation pivot point 10 is by means of an electric motor (12 volt dc) and appropriate gearing to a chain drive connected to the framework 5
  • An alternative drive may be used, eg belt drive, if so desired
  • the motor is connected to a 12 volt battery which can run a motor intermittently (as described below) for up to 7 days without direct sunlight
  • the framework 5 also rotates about the azimuth axis 18
  • a second small electric motor (not shown) with appropriate gearing and a similar drive is used to rotate the support frame 4 (and thus the framework 5) about the axis 18
  • the 12 volt battery is connected to operate the second motor
  • the two motors and the pump are operated by use of electronic controls, a light sensor ("magic eye") and a photovoltaic panel (not shown)
  • the photovoltaic panel is rigidly connected to the frame arm 7 and positioned at the top thereof This is connected, along with the magic eye, to a control panel with electronic control circuitry that permits the operation of the motor pivoting the collector 2 about the axis 18 when there is no direct sunlight falling on the mirrors 1 1.
  • the magic eye operates in conjunction with the two motors to cause the collector 2 and mirrors 1 1 to track the sun.
  • the controls are set appropriately so that the mirrors 11 are rotated so that they always catch the maximum amount of direct sunlight that can fall on them.
  • the pump operation and the change over of the rotational control from the time based system to the magic eye is controlled by a manually adjustable light sensing system (of known type).
  • the control system also incorporates controls connected to one of the two high temperature sensors to move the collector 2 off the sun if the liquid temperature exceeds a maximum pre-determined temperature. This allows for over temperature control of the collector 2 to be effected.
  • the above described solar collector 2 works as follows: the supporting frame arm 7 of the framework 5 is filled with mirrors 11 set at an appropriate angle to provide a focus on the target 6.
  • the battery is connected to the pump and the two electric motors and the controls are set so that the framework 5 will move by a controlled amount of approximately 15 ⁇ per hour about the axis 18 when it is cloudy.
  • the magic eye and control panel operate the two motors so that the collector 2 tracks the sun and the pump starts circulating the liquid. If the sun is clouded over, the time based movement of the collector 2 takes over.
  • the pump circulates the liquid through the target 6 where it is heated by the conduction of heat from the surface of the target 6.
  • the control panel reverses the operation of the second electric motor to reverse the collector 2 back to its starting position and the pump switches off. If so desired, and with the addition of appropriate electronic controllers, the movement of the sun for each individual day at the location of the solar collector 2 could be pre-programmed from the operation of the control panel, thus obviating the need for the magic eye. Differing movements in the northern and southern hemispheres and at different latitudes can thus be catered for.
  • the solar collector 2 can include means for the protection of the controller 2 and the circulating liquid against frost or freezing at very low temperature.
  • an antifreeze can be added to the liquid to depress the natural freezing point of the liquid. If an antifreeze is used, the liquid may need to be circulated through a heat exchanger before the collected energy may be used.
  • the liquid in the target 6 and for the storage of heat is preferably water, but can be any other appropriate liquid, as is desired.
  • the frame arm 7 can be dismantled from the base 3 and frame 4.
  • the solar collector 2 can be disassembled into sections for travel and re- assembled with relative ease without needing high technical skills.
  • the solar collector 2 can be moved to reasonably remote locations to provide the heating needs for a remotely located domestic, commercial or industrial location.
  • the collector 2 can be used as a heat source to drive desalination of salty water, domestic heating requirements, and /or commercial heating (for example greenhouses), etc.
  • the collector 2 may be used to provide steam for a generator for energy generation.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Telescopes (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
  • Mounting And Adjusting Of Optical Elements (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un suiveur solaire et un capteur d'énergie solaire (2). Le capteur (2) peut suivre le soleil dans deux dimensions, qu'il soit ou non caché par des nuages, et être monté dans n'importe lieu éloigné. Il comprend une base (3), un châssis support (4), un châssis mobile (5) et une cible (6). Une pluralité de miroirs concaves ou paraboliques (11) sont montés pivotants sur le châssis (5). La cible (6) est centrée au niveau du point focal des miroirs (11). Une petite pompe fait circuler un liquide depuis un réservoir en le faisant passer par la cible (6), ledit liquide conservant, en vue d'une utilisation ultérieure, la chaleur et l'énergie réfléchies.
PCT/NZ1997/000083 1996-06-27 1997-06-25 Dispositif capteur solaire Ceased WO1997049956A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU32784/97A AU3278497A (en) 1996-06-27 1997-06-25 Solar collecting device

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NZ286894 1996-06-27
NZ28689496 1996-06-27

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1997049956A1 true WO1997049956A1 (fr) 1997-12-31

Family

ID=19925805

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/NZ1997/000083 Ceased WO1997049956A1 (fr) 1996-06-27 1997-06-25 Dispositif capteur solaire

Country Status (5)

Country Link
AR (1) AR007641A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU3278497A (fr)
ID (1) ID17467A (fr)
WO (1) WO1997049956A1 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA975572B (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000031477A1 (fr) * 1998-11-20 2000-06-02 Solar Energy Systems Pty. Ltd. Monture de panneaux solaires
WO2001090662A3 (fr) * 2000-05-22 2002-08-01 Andreas Noehrig Systeme d'energie solaire concentrateur
WO2002079793A1 (fr) * 2001-03-28 2002-10-10 Solar Systems Pty Ltd Systeme de poursuite solaire
WO2003052330A1 (fr) * 2001-12-17 2003-06-26 Wayne Anthony Kirk Systeme de conversion d'energie solaire
US6612041B1 (en) 1999-08-09 2003-09-02 The Long Now Foundation Diurnal solar event triggering mechanism
WO2005116534A3 (fr) * 2004-05-27 2006-01-12 Reginald Ian Williams Generatrice a energie solaire; systeme et procede de commande
AT413892B (de) * 2000-07-06 2006-07-15 Kuzelka Andreas Sonnenstandsnachführungssystem
US7076965B2 (en) 2001-03-28 2006-07-18 John Beavis Lasich Cooling circuit for receiver of solar radiation
US7550054B2 (en) 2001-03-28 2009-06-23 Solar Systems Pty Ltd. Method of manufacturing mirrors for a dish reflector
WO2013042086A1 (fr) 2011-09-23 2013-03-28 Active Space Technologies, Actividades Aeroespaciais S.A. Système de suivi de source de chaleur passif

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4147154A (en) * 1977-07-08 1979-04-03 Lewandowski Robert E Solar heat tracking and collecting apparatus
US4266530A (en) * 1979-09-27 1981-05-12 Steadman Robert W Sun ray tracker
US4883340A (en) * 1988-08-02 1989-11-28 Solar Lighting Research, Inc. Solar lighting reflector apparatus having slatted mirrors and improved tracker

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4147154A (en) * 1977-07-08 1979-04-03 Lewandowski Robert E Solar heat tracking and collecting apparatus
US4266530A (en) * 1979-09-27 1981-05-12 Steadman Robert W Sun ray tracker
US4883340A (en) * 1988-08-02 1989-11-28 Solar Lighting Research, Inc. Solar lighting reflector apparatus having slatted mirrors and improved tracker

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2000031477A1 (fr) * 1998-11-20 2000-06-02 Solar Energy Systems Pty. Ltd. Monture de panneaux solaires
US6612041B1 (en) 1999-08-09 2003-09-02 The Long Now Foundation Diurnal solar event triggering mechanism
WO2001090662A3 (fr) * 2000-05-22 2002-08-01 Andreas Noehrig Systeme d'energie solaire concentrateur
US6953038B1 (en) 2000-05-22 2005-10-11 Andreas Nohrig Concentrating solar energy system
AT413892B (de) * 2000-07-06 2006-07-15 Kuzelka Andreas Sonnenstandsnachführungssystem
WO2002079793A1 (fr) * 2001-03-28 2002-10-10 Solar Systems Pty Ltd Systeme de poursuite solaire
US7076965B2 (en) 2001-03-28 2006-07-18 John Beavis Lasich Cooling circuit for receiver of solar radiation
US7550054B2 (en) 2001-03-28 2009-06-23 Solar Systems Pty Ltd. Method of manufacturing mirrors for a dish reflector
WO2003052330A1 (fr) * 2001-12-17 2003-06-26 Wayne Anthony Kirk Systeme de conversion d'energie solaire
WO2005116534A3 (fr) * 2004-05-27 2006-01-12 Reginald Ian Williams Generatrice a energie solaire; systeme et procede de commande
WO2013042086A1 (fr) 2011-09-23 2013-03-28 Active Space Technologies, Actividades Aeroespaciais S.A. Système de suivi de source de chaleur passif

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ID17467A (id) 1998-01-08
AU3278497A (en) 1998-01-14
AR007641A1 (es) 1999-11-10
ZA975572B (en) 1998-01-23

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