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WO1996027761A1 - Buse de pulverisation de jet a precession et a flamme variable - Google Patents

Buse de pulverisation de jet a precession et a flamme variable Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996027761A1
WO1996027761A1 PCT/AU1996/000115 AU9600115W WO9627761A1 WO 1996027761 A1 WO1996027761 A1 WO 1996027761A1 AU 9600115 W AU9600115 W AU 9600115W WO 9627761 A1 WO9627761 A1 WO 9627761A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
chamber
fluid
jet
flame
burner nozzle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/AU1996/000115
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Russell Estcourt Luxton
Graham Jerrold Nathan
Steven John Hill
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Luminis Pty Ltd
Original Assignee
Luminis Pty Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Luminis Pty Ltd filed Critical Luminis Pty Ltd
Priority to AU47793/96A priority Critical patent/AU4779396A/en
Publication of WO1996027761A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996027761A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details
    • F23D14/70—Baffles or like flow-disturbing devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/20—Non-premix gas burners, i.e. in which gaseous fuel is mixed with combustion air on arrival at the combustion zone
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details
    • F23D14/48—Nozzles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details
    • F23D14/84—Flame spreading or otherwise shaping
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/14—Special features of gas burners
    • F23D2900/14482—Burner nozzles incorporating a fluidic oscillator

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a nozzle configuration and in preferred embodiments to a variable flame precessing jet burner nozzle.
  • the invention has particular though certainly not exclusive application to a variable flame burner fuelled by natural gas and is applicable to kilns such as rotary cement kilns, furnaces and other process heating arrangements.
  • a fluid mixing nozzle in which a primary flow of a first fluid separates from the internal wall structure and reattaches itself asymmetrically to the wall upstream of the nozzle outlet.
  • a flow of a second fluid induced through the outlet swirls in the chamber between the flow separation and reattachment and induces precession of the separated reattached flow, which exits the nozzle asymmetrically.
  • This nozzle has come to be termed a precessing jet nozzle and such terminology is adopted herein.
  • a burner incorporating a precessing jet nozzle is variously referred to as a precessing jet burner or precessing jet nozzle burner.
  • part of the primary flow can be caused to recirculate within the chamber and induce or stabilise the precession.
  • the precessing jet nozzle When the precessing jet nozzle is operated as a burner, using eg natural gas as the fuel and primary flow, it has been observed that, in comparison with a simple turbulent jet burner, the precessing jet nozzle generates a more bulbous flame whose stand-off distance is reduced by an order of magnitude and whose blow-off velocity is increased by a factor of four.
  • Both the quality of the clinker produced in such kilns and the energy required to produce it, are significantly influenced by the "heat release profile" of the flame generated by the burner and by the proportion of the energy which is radiated, as opposed to being converted, to the product.
  • the heat release profile of the flame is the proportion of the total energy which is released in each part of the kiln, and it will thus be appreciated that the precessing jet burner, with its closer bulbous flame and higher blow-off velocity, is well suited in principle to kiln application.
  • WO94/07086 PCT/AU93/00476
  • a burner configuration including at least one precessing jet nozzle and at least one further burner nozzle having mixing characteristics different from the precessing jet nozzle.
  • the nozzles of the set are preferably in sufficient proximity that the combined flame of the burner configuration can be determined or controlled by setting or varying the relative flows of fuel to the nozzles.
  • the further nozzle may be a simple turbulent jet nozzle, eg a straight pipe nozzle, whereby the precessing jet nozzle produces a flame which is relatively shorter and more radiant and the flame of the further nozzle is relatively longer and more convective.
  • a precessing jet burner nozzle comprising: a body including a chamber which includes a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet displaced from the inlet in a longitudinal direction of said chamber, which body is configured such that a primary flow of a first fluid into said chamber through said inlet separates from the internal wall of the chamber and reattaches itself asymmetrically to the wall of the chamber from the nozzle outlet, a flow of a second fluid induced through the outlet swirling in the chamber between the flow separation and reattachment and inducing precession of the separated reattached flow, which exits the chamber asymmetrically through said outlet; and flame control means for controlling the shape of the flame produced by the burner, said flame control means comprising structure disposed generally centrally in said chamber between said inlet and said outlet to reduce the cross-section of said chamber transverse to said longitudinal direction while allowing said precessing flow to precess about said structure, at least one orifice associated with said structure for delivering a jet of fluid to said
  • the nozzle including the chamber is preferably axisymmetric.
  • the structure preferably comprises a body which is coaxial with said body and said chamber.
  • the chamber may be cylindrical and the chamber cross-section about the body may be annular.
  • the precession of the jet emerging from the precessing jet nozzle causes mainly large scale mixing of the jet with the surrounding fluid, and a low pressure along the axis about which the jet precesses so inducing a reversed flow along said axis towards said nozzle outlet.
  • the fluids comprise one or more fuels, and by adjusting the proportions of the fuel flows through the main inlet and as the further flow of fluid, the mixing characteristics and hence the resulting flame shape can be modified.
  • the ratio of the total flow which is introduced through the main intake and as the further flow of fluid can be varied so that the heat release profile of the resultant flame can be tailored to the current requirements of the kiln or other process.
  • the precessing jet burner nozzle of the invention may be provided in combination with at least one further burner nozzle have mixing characteristics different from the precessing jet nozzle, the nozzles preferably being in sufficient proximity that the combined flame of the burner configuration can be determined or controlled by setting or varying the relative flows of fuel to the nozzles.
  • the further nozzle may be a simple turbulent jet nozzle, eg a straight pipe nozzle, whereby the precessing jet nozzle produces a flame which is relatively shorter and more radiant and the flame of the further nozzle is relatively longer and more convective.
  • one of the nozzles may be disposed about the other in a coaxial annular configuration.
  • Figure 1 schematically depicts a simple precessing jet burner nozzle configuration with a centrebody structure through which one or more fluids may be injected as a secondary jet aligned along the axis about which the primary jet precesses, according to an embodiment of the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic cross-section of the burner configuration of
  • Figure 1 including a simple flow representation of the instantaneous pattern of the three-dimensional dynamically precessing and swirling flow thought to exist in and around the precessing jet nozzle once mixing has become established and the secondary jet directed along the axis of precession has been activated.
  • the burner configuration 10 illustrated in Figure 1 comprises a precessing jet (PJ) nozzle 20 which includes a tubular body 18 defining an axisymmetric generally cylindrical chamber 22.
  • Chamber 22 has a simple inlet aperture 24 in a rear partition 19 of body 18 defining a sudden expansion for a first flow 29 at the chamber's inlet end, and a small peripheral Up 25 defining an outlet port 26.
  • Structure in the form of a transversely disposed disc-like centre body 40 is disposed in chamber 22 upstream of outlet port 26, relatively much closer to port 26 than to inlet aperture 24, and has an orifice 42 from a duct system 44 within body 40 from which a further flow 45 of fluid is directed towards and through outlet port 26.
  • inlet aperture 24, chamber 22, outlet port 26, center-body 40 and orifice 42 are generally coaxial.
  • Centre-body 40 defines a restricted annular cross-section 21 of chamber 22.
  • fuel jet 29 enters chamber 22 at aperture 24, from a delivery line 23 via control valve 27, and is there separated from the chamber wall.
  • the jet then reattaches asymmetrically at 30 (Figure 2) to the inside wall surface 17 of tubular body 18 and at the outlet port 26 is deflected (32) at a large angle (eg 45 ⁇ ) from the nozzle axis by strong local pressure gradients.
  • Centre-body 40 is effective to reduce the cross-section of chamber 22 transverse to the longitudinal or axial direction while allowing the precessing flow to precess about the centre-body through annular cross- section 21.
  • the flow emerging from orifice 42 forms a secondary jet aligned along the axis about which the primary jet precesses. This jet has a relatively high momentum, which can be employed to change the shape of the flame which results when the arrangement is used as a burner. Moreover, by admitting this further flow through orifice 42, reverse flow along the axis is inhibited.
  • centre-body 40 is supported by radial legs or webs 50 secured to the internal wall 17 of chamber 22. At least one of these legs or webs incorporates a duct 52, or indeed comprises a rigid tube, by which fluid such as a fuel may be delivered to orifice 42 via feed line 53 and control valve 54.
  • fluid such as a fuel
  • feed line 53 and control valve 54 a feed line 53,53a and valves 54,54a.
  • the different fluids can be fed to the same orifice or to different orifices. In the latter case the jets from the different orifices will coalesce to form the secondary jet.
  • the ratio of the total fluid flows which are supplied to inlet aperture 24 and orifice 42 can be controlled by means of valves 27,54 (and/or other flow blockage device, or by means of variable capacity pumps), so that any combination of flows can be achieved, thereby enabling a diversity of flames, whose characteristics vary between that of a precessing jet flame and that of a "conventional" flame, to be selected.
  • the types of fluids which can be introduced through the main PJ nozzle and through, or in front of, the centre-body may be similar or different.
  • the fluids through either channel include, but are not restricted to, gaseous fuels, air, oxygen, heavy or light fuel oil and flue gases.
  • the shape of the one (or more) orifices 42 in the centre-body 40, through which fluid(s) is /are introduced into the external flow includes, but is not restricted to, round, square, rectangular, petal shaped, star shaped, oval and annular.
  • the transition from within said centrebody to said orifice 42 may be smooth or abrupt.
  • the illustrated assembly may be manufactured as a single component, in which case the centre-body is hollow and the fluid is conveyed through it.
  • the jet may be introduced downstream from the centre-body through at least one separate nozzle. Fluids may be mixed within the centre-body or the downstream nozzle, or they may be introduced as separate flows which mix downstream from the nozzles.
  • the shape of the flow passage or duct system within the centre-body, or through the at least one separate nozzle, may be such as to cause the fluids to mix within the centre-body or separate nozzle, or to mix after leaving the centre-body or separate nozzles.
  • Swirl may be imparted to the fluids within the centre-body or separate nozzles.
  • valves 27,54,54a By relative adjustment of valves 27,54,54a using any suitable control means, which may be manual, the proportions of fuel flow to the respective apertures /orifices can be varied so that the combined flame and the resultant heat release profile of the combined flame can be tailored to the requirements of the kiln.
  • a cement clinker kiln it is found that, not only does the burner configuration of Figure 1 enable the combined flame to be controlled to suit the given type of cement clinker, it also enables greater control of the kiln to be achieved and facilitates the relatively easy removal of rings of coating which occasionally form.
  • the clinker in the burning zone within the kiln ie where the clinker undergoes the exothermic clinkering reaction and reaches its maximum temperature, is sticky and forms a coating on the refractory brick lining within the kiln.
  • This is an advantage to the operation since the coating acts as an insulating layer which protects the bricks.
  • an annular ring of coating can develop which causes the clinker to build up behind it. If the ring breaks, a rush of clinker through the kiln can cause serious problems and may result in damage to the plant.
  • the development of a ring is related to the heat release profile, so that the ability to vary that profile during operation with a burner configuration according to the invention facilitates the early removal of a ring before it becomes a problem.
  • variable center-body burner A particular application of the illustrated variable center-body burner is a welding or brazing torch which combines the functions of a zone heating flame (used to pre-heat the metal) and a high temperature, high momentum welding or brazing flame.
  • the fuels for the two flames could be different.
  • a readily available form of petroleum gas, such as natural gas or propane could be used for the zone heating duty
  • acetylene, mixed with oxygen within the centre-body could be used for the zone welding or brazing duty.
  • variable centre-body burner A further application for the proposed variable centre-body burner is to facilitate the use of different fuels. Examples are, but are not limited to, the use of gas through the main precessing jet burner, supplemented by oil from an atomising nozzle in the centre-body.
  • the oil may be atomised by any means, one of which may include an air-blast atomiser, supplied through a separate feed line to die centre-body.
  • 27,54,54a etc is only one of a variety of possible arrangements for varying the ratio of flows.
  • a single valve may be used to control the ratio of flows.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Pre-Mixing And Non-Premixing Gas Burner (AREA)

Abstract

Cette buse de brûleur présente un corps tubulaire (18) définissant une chambre (22). Un jet de combustible (29), pénétrant par une ouverture (24), est d'abord séparé de la paroi de la chambre puis s'applique à nouveau de façon asymétrique (30) sur la surface interne (17) de la paroi. Le jet subit une précession (37) autour de l'axe de la buse alors qu'il est dévié (32) au moment de sa sortie de l'orifice de sortie (26). Cette précession améliore le mélange du combustible et de l'air (34, 35) provenant de l'extérieur de la chambre (22). Des moyens de régulation d'écoulement (40) acheminent un écoulement supplémentaire de fluide à travers un orifice. Cet écoulement forme un jet secondaire (45) aligné sur l'axe autour duquel le jet principal subit une précession. L'énergie cinétique du jet secondaire (45) agit sur le profil de la flamme, de sorte que la régulation du jet secondaire permet de réguler le profil global de la flamme. Divers profils de flamme, tels qu'une flamme rayonnante courte ou une flamme à convection longue, peuvent ainsi être obtenus.
PCT/AU1996/000115 1995-03-07 1996-03-07 Buse de pulverisation de jet a precession et a flamme variable Ceased WO1996027761A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU47793/96A AU4779396A (en) 1995-03-07 1996-03-07 Variable flame precessing jet nozzle

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPN1562 1995-03-07
AUPN1562A AUPN156295A0 (en) 1995-03-07 1995-03-07 Variable flame precessing jet nozzle

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996027761A1 true WO1996027761A1 (fr) 1996-09-12

Family

ID=3785918

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AU1996/000115 Ceased WO1996027761A1 (fr) 1995-03-07 1996-03-07 Buse de pulverisation de jet a precession et a flamme variable

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AR (1) AR001175A1 (fr)
AU (1) AUPN156295A0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1996027761A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998035184A1 (fr) * 1997-02-08 1998-08-13 Ruhrgas Aktiengesellschaft Procede et dispositif de combustion d'un combustible
WO1999026021A1 (fr) 1997-11-18 1999-05-27 Luminis Pty. Ltd. Jets oscillants
WO2000039504A1 (fr) * 1998-12-24 2000-07-06 Luminis Pty. Ltd. Dispositif pour le melange de fluides
AU764286B2 (en) * 1998-12-24 2003-08-14 Luminis Pty Limited Fluid mixing device
FR2903479A1 (fr) * 2006-07-06 2008-01-11 Air Liquide Bruleur a flamme orientable et procede de mise en oeuvre
EP1821036A3 (fr) * 2006-02-21 2015-04-01 Messer Group GmbH Brûleur

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3954382A (en) * 1974-04-08 1976-05-04 Yasuo Hirose Combustion apparatus and method
US5060867A (en) * 1987-04-16 1991-10-29 Luminis Pty. Ltd. Controlling the motion of a fluid jet
WO1994007086A1 (fr) * 1992-09-18 1994-03-31 Luminis Pty Ltd. Configuration de bruleur a flamme variable

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3954382A (en) * 1974-04-08 1976-05-04 Yasuo Hirose Combustion apparatus and method
US5060867A (en) * 1987-04-16 1991-10-29 Luminis Pty. Ltd. Controlling the motion of a fluid jet
WO1994007086A1 (fr) * 1992-09-18 1994-03-31 Luminis Pty Ltd. Configuration de bruleur a flamme variable

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998035184A1 (fr) * 1997-02-08 1998-08-13 Ruhrgas Aktiengesellschaft Procede et dispositif de combustion d'un combustible
WO1999026021A1 (fr) 1997-11-18 1999-05-27 Luminis Pty. Ltd. Jets oscillants
WO2000039504A1 (fr) * 1998-12-24 2000-07-06 Luminis Pty. Ltd. Dispositif pour le melange de fluides
AU764286B2 (en) * 1998-12-24 2003-08-14 Luminis Pty Limited Fluid mixing device
EP1141631A4 (fr) * 1998-12-24 2005-10-05 Luminis Pty Ltd Dispositif pour le melange de fluides
US7410288B1 (en) 1998-12-24 2008-08-12 Luminis Pty. Ltd. Fluid mixing device
EP1821036A3 (fr) * 2006-02-21 2015-04-01 Messer Group GmbH Brûleur
FR2903479A1 (fr) * 2006-07-06 2008-01-11 Air Liquide Bruleur a flamme orientable et procede de mise en oeuvre
WO2008003908A3 (fr) * 2006-07-06 2008-05-02 Air Liquide Brûleur à flamme à direction et/ou ouverture variable et procédé de mise en oeuvre
RU2433343C2 (ru) * 2006-07-06 2011-11-10 Л'Эр Ликид, Сосьете Аноним Пур Л'Этюд Э Л'Эксплуатасьон Де Проседе Жорж Клод Горелка с изменяемым направлением и/или раствором факела и способ нагревания шихты с использованием этой горелки

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AUPN156295A0 (en) 1995-03-30
AR001175A1 (es) 1997-09-24

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