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WO1996023587A1 - Procede de traitement du verre de recuperation - Google Patents

Procede de traitement du verre de recuperation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996023587A1
WO1996023587A1 PCT/US1996/001022 US9601022W WO9623587A1 WO 1996023587 A1 WO1996023587 A1 WO 1996023587A1 US 9601022 W US9601022 W US 9601022W WO 9623587 A1 WO9623587 A1 WO 9623587A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
glass
particulates
sand
grinding chamber
step comprises
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US1996/001022
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Richard W. Hansen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hansen R and J LLC
Original Assignee
Hansen R and J LLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hansen R and J LLC filed Critical Hansen R and J LLC
Priority to AU49660/96A priority Critical patent/AU4966096A/en
Publication of WO1996023587A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996023587A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
    • E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
    • E21B43/267—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures reinforcing fractures by propping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/02—Loose filtering material, e.g. loose fibres
    • B01D39/06—Inorganic material, e.g. asbestos fibres, glass beads or fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/02—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft
    • B02C13/04—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills with horizontal rotor shaft with beaters hinged to the rotor; Hammer mills
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
    • B02C19/0056—Other disintegrating devices or methods specially adapted for specific materials not otherwise provided for
    • B02C19/0081—Other disintegrating devices or methods specially adapted for specific materials not otherwise provided for specially adapted for breaking-up bottles
    • B02C19/0087—Other disintegrating devices or methods specially adapted for specific materials not otherwise provided for specially adapted for breaking-up bottles for glass bottles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C12/00—Powdered glass; Bead compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
    • C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
    • C04B14/22—Glass ; Devitrified glass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C13/00—Disintegrating by mills having rotary beater elements ; Hammer mills
    • B02C13/26—Details
    • B02C13/28—Shape or construction of beater elements
    • B02C2013/2816—Shape or construction of beater elements of chain, rope or cable type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/60—Glass recycling

Definitions

  • the present invention is related to a novel method for 5 recycling glass and to novel uses for such recycled glass. More particularly, the present invention is related to a method of processing scrap glass to produce uncontaminated glass particu ⁇ lates having rounded edges and to the use of such glass particu ⁇ lates as a substitute for natural sand.
  • glass Because the raw materials from which glass is made are indigenous to most areas of the world and are generally inexpen ⁇ sive, glass has become an important material for a variety of applications. Even with the proliferation of plastics, glass continues to be the material of choice for use in making many types of containers and windows. Indeed, millions of tons of glass are produced annually.
  • cullet The principal use of broken or refuse glass, generally called "cullet,” is by glass container manufacturers. Although it is possible to manufacture some glass products using 50 per ⁇ cent cullet or more, most glass containers are manufactured using 20 to 30 percent cullet.
  • the present invention is directed to novel methods for pro ⁇ cessing scrap glass to produce uncontaminated glass particulates having rounded edges.
  • glass encom- passes all inorganic products which have cooled to a rigid solid without undergoing crystallization.
  • glass is also intended to include other glassy materials including ceramic materials such as porcelain.
  • the method of the present invention is accomplished by obtaining a quantity of waste glass and introducing the glass into a mill having a grinding chamber.
  • the grinding chamber is substantially cylindrical and is configured with a driver positioned for rotation within the grinding chamber.
  • the driver is configured such that, upon rotation within the grinding chamber, the driver urges the glass to roll around the grinding chamber, thereby rounding any sharp edges of the glass without requiring the use of grinding com ⁇ pounds which contaminate the resulting glass particulates.
  • uncontaminated means that the glass particulates are substantially free of non-glass solids such as grinding compounds.
  • the driver includes a pair of weighted members flexibly connected to opposite sides of a rotor.
  • the rotor is fixed to a rotatable shaft which extends within the grinding chamber.
  • a motor is connected to the shaft to rotate the shaft.
  • the weighted members preferably comprise at least two hammers which are .respectively connected to opposite sides of the rotor by chain links.
  • the shaft and rotor are rotated at a rotational velocity sufficient to move the hammers at a speed of less than about 15 meters per second and preferably at a speed of about 10 meters per second.
  • the hammers urge the glass to roll within the grinding chamber, thereby rounding any sharp edges of the glass and simultaneously reducing the mean particle size of the glass particulates.
  • the grinding chamber is preferably configured with a screening chute for use in removing glass particulates which have achieved a predetermined particle size.
  • glass particulates exit the grinding chamber and pass through the screening chute where they are passed over a screen.
  • Those glass particulates which do pass through the screen exit the mill through an exit port.
  • the discharge stream is sprayed with water to entrain any lighter-than-air particles, thereby reducing the amount of dust which is discharged into the ambient air.
  • the glass particulates may then be dried to remove the water.
  • the resulting product is inorganic, uncontaminated glass particulates, or "cultured sand," having rounded edges which may be used as a substitute for sand in accordance with the inven ⁇ tive methods of use described herein.
  • cultured sand refers to glass particulates having rounded edges obtained by recycling glass, such as that made in accordance with the method of the present invention. Grinding glass according to known prior-art methods pro ⁇ quiz glass particulates having extremely sharp edges, rendering it unsuitable for use in most applications.
  • the cultured sand produced in accordance with the method of the present invention does not have sharp edges. Cul- tured sand therefor is similar to natural beach sand.
  • cultured sand does not include organic contaminants. And, because grinding compounds are not required to be used in its processing, uncontaminated cultured sand may be made.
  • the present invention also includes the use of cultured sand as a substitute for natural sand.
  • the color of cultured sand is, of course, dictated by the color of the glass which is recycled to obtain the cultured sand. By using only clear glass, cultured sand having the appearance of highly pure silica sand is obtained. Such "clear" cultured sand is aesthetically comparable to the sand found on the most popular white sand beaches.
  • cultured sand produced in accordance with the method of the present invention may be used in a variety of decorative and landscaping applications. Such applications include in aquariums and as ground cover for landscaping. Other, similar applications include the use of cultured sand as a substitute for natural sand used in playgrounds and in golf course sand bunkers. Such uses of cultured sand are greatly enhanced by the ability to obtain various colors of cultured sand merely by sorting by color the glass to be ground in making the cultured sand.
  • Cultured sand may also be effectively used as a top dress- ing for golf course greens. Similar applications include the use of cultured sand as a soil conditioner and as a potting soil.
  • cultured sand may also be utilized as a replacement for sand in concrete aggregate and in other mixtures intended for ground coverings.
  • One par ⁇ ticularly useful application is in concrete used for airport run ⁇ ways, thereby providing a ground covering that is highly reflec ⁇ tive and providing increased visibility to airplane pilots.
  • the cultured sand produced by the method of the present in- vention resists compaction. Thus, it may be advantageously used in spawning beds for fish. Because of its resistivity to com ⁇ paction, cultured sand is quite porous and can be used as a fil ⁇ tering media, such as for use in filtering solids out of water. One such filtering application is in sewage processing.
  • the cultured sand of the present invention exhibits good load bearing capabilities.
  • Cultured sand is therefore an ideal candidate for use as a propant, or filler sand, for use in the hydraulic fracturing in oil wells, which sand is sometimes refer ⁇ red to as "fracking sand.”
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a grinding mill employed in a presently preferred method of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross-section taken along line 2-2 of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is perspective view of one embodiment of a driver utilized in the grinding mill of Figure 1.
  • the present invention is directed to novel methods for recycling glass.
  • the present invention includes methods for processing scrap glass to produce uncontaminated glass particulates having rounded edges, generally referred to herein as "cultured sand.”
  • the method of the present invention thus provides a means of recycling glass into a form which can be widely used, thereby providing a use for the substantial quantities of available scrap glass.
  • the cultured sand produced by the method of the present invention may be used as a substitute for natural sand. Indeed, for many applica- tions, the cultured sand of the present invention is more suit ⁇ able for use than natural sand.
  • the method of the present invention includes introducing a supply of scrap glass into a grinding chamber.
  • the glass is caused to roll within the grinding chamber, thereby rounding any sharp edges of the glass and simultaneously reducing the par ⁇ ticle size of the glass to a particle size corresponding to sand.
  • the glass may be processed within the grinding chamber without the use of grinding compounds.
  • the glass particulates are then removed from the grinding chamber and screened whereupon all glass particulates larger than a predetermined size are reintroduced into the grinding chamber for further processing. Glass particulates smaller than the predetermined size may be further screened and mixed to produce a cultured sand having a desired distribution of par ⁇ ticle size, or "gradation profile.”
  • the method of the present invention is preferably accom ⁇ plished by utilizing the grinding mill illustrated in Figure 1 and designated generally as 10.
  • the grinding mill 10 includes an inlet chute 12, a grinding chamber 14, and a screening chute 16.
  • a motor 18 provides a source of power for operating the grinding mill 10.
  • Motor 18 may include any conventionally known motor which may be adapted for rotating a drive shaft. For many applications, however, it will be preferred to utilize a vari ⁇ able speed motor, thereby permitting the operator of the mill to easily adjust the speed at which the mill is operated.
  • the inlet chute 12 includes an opening 20 through which glass may be introduced into the grind ⁇ ing mill 10.
  • the inlet chute 12 is configured with a transverse internal passageway to keep materials within the grinding cham- ber from exiting the mill through the inlet chute 12 and to shield those operating the mill from the internal workings of the grinding chamber 14.
  • An injection port 22 is provided in the inlet chute 12 through which water or other substances may be introduced into the grinding chamber.
  • the grinding chamber 14 is substantially cylindrical and includes a housing 24 with a removable cover 26 ( Figure 1) . Within the housing 24, a liner 28 is removably attached within the grinding chamber 14.
  • the liner 28 is preferably made of a hardened steel, such as any of those hardened steels known for use as liners in rock grinders and crushers.
  • the grinding chamber 14 is further configured with a driver 30 positioned for rotation within the grinding chamber 14.
  • the driver 30 is configured to rotate in a clockwise direction, as indicated by Arrow A.
  • the driver 30 in- eludes a pair of weighted members flexibly connected to opposite sides of a rotor 32.
  • the rotor 32 is fixed to a rotatable shaft 34 which extends within the grinding chamber 14.
  • the motor 18 ( Figure 1) is connected to the shaft 34 by any of those methods known to those of skill in the art.
  • the weighted members comprise hammers 40 which are connected to opposite sides of the rotor 32 by chain links 42.
  • the mill 10 used in accordance with the method of the pre ⁇ sent invention includes no anvil.
  • other shapes and configurations of weighted members may also be employed.
  • the hammers 40 are configured with flanges 44 through which a bolt 46 may be placed to flexibly attach each hammer 40 to the rotor 32 via its respective chain link 42.
  • the rotor 32 is configured with flanges 48 having transverse bolt holes through which attachment bolts 50 may be inserted.
  • the screening chute 16 includes a door 54 which is pivotally mounted to the mill at 56.
  • the door 54 includes an exit port 58 through which materials may exit the mill 10.
  • a screen 60 having a rubber perimeter fits over the opening of the door 54. Thus, when the door 54 is closed, the rubber perimeter of the screen acts as a seal.
  • a closure mech- anism such as an over-center clamp 62, is provided to lock the door 54 in the closed position.
  • screen 60 may include any of those screens conventionally known for use in particle separation.
  • the mesh size of the screen 60 is selected according to the maximum particle size desired of the cultured sand. Of course, much of the cultured sand which is generated will be smaller than the maximum particle size. In a presently preferred embodiment, the mesh size of the screen 60 is eight mesh.
  • An injection port 64 is also provided in the screening chute 16 thereby providing an additional inlet through which to introduce water or other substances into the mill 10.
  • the screening chute 16 is partially defined by an interior wall 66 positioned to partially partition the grinding chamber 14 from the screening chute 16. Thus, particles must pass over the top portion 68 of the interior wall 66 to reach the screen 60.
  • Cultured sand is produced according to the method of the present invention by initially obtaining a quantity of scrap glass to be recycled.
  • the method of the present invention may be utilized to produce cultured sand having a pre ⁇ determined color. This is done by selecting for recycling only glass having the color desired in the cultured sand. For some applications, such as for use as ground cover and in golf course sand bunkers, sand having a particular color is generally desired. For many applications, of course, the color of the sand is immaterial to its effectiveness.
  • a screen 60 having a mesh size corresponding to the maximum par ⁇ ticle size desired in the cultured sand is selected and placed in the screening chute. By closing the door 54 and fastening the over-center clamp 62, the screen 60 is held securely in place.
  • the screen size selected may vary widely depending on the appli ⁇ cation for which the cultured sand is to be used.
  • the motor 18 is then started and the rotor 32 is brought to a rotational velocity such that the curvilinear velocity of the hammers 40 is less than about 15 meters per second.
  • this hammer velocity corresponds to a rate of rota ⁇ tion of the- rotor 32 of less than about 1,000 revolutions per minute. It is presently preferred, however, that a hammer velo- city of about 10 meters per second be utilized for processing glass (corresponding to a rotational velocity of about 700 revolutions per minute in the described embodiment) .
  • the mean particle size of the glass particulates generated in the mill decreases. If the hammer velocity is too high, the glass will be ground into silt. Thus, the hammer velocity should be carefully controlled accord ⁇ ing to the desired particle size to be generated.
  • waste glass may be introduced into the grinding chamber 14 by feeding it through the opening 20 of the inlet chute 12 and permitting it to fall into the grinding chamber 14 under the force of gravity.
  • an inert liquid such as water
  • the water may be introduced into the grinding chamber by injecting it through ports 22 and 64, by feeding a stream directly into opening 20 of the inlet chute 12, or by dampening the waste glass initially and introducing the waste glass into the inlet chute 12 in dam ⁇ pened form.
  • the primary purpose of adding water (or other inert liquid) into the grinding chamber is to entrain much (if not all) of the fine particulate matter in the water. Because many lighter-than-air particles may be generated, the addition of a liquid into the grinding chamber reduces the amount of such particles which become suspended in the ambient air. It is preferable, however, to reduce to a minimum the amount of liquid added into the grinding chamber.
  • the glass is ground dry and water is added to the ground glass upon exit from the mill, as will be explained below.
  • the hammers 40 or other drivers urge the glass to roll along the liner 28. Because of the substantial speed at which the hammers 40 are traveling, the glass is forced to roll rapidly around the interior of the grinding chamber. It is presently believed that the hammers 40, traveling at such a rapid velocity within the grinding chamber, induce substantial aerodynamic forces within the grinding cham ⁇ ber which cause the glass to roll around the grinding chamber. As the glass particles roll, their size is reduced and any rough or sharp edges are quickly rounded smooth.
  • the centrifugal forces acting upon the glass particles as they roll around the grinding chamber cause them to pass over the top portion 68 of the wall 66, at which point they enter the screening chute 16 and pass over the screen 60.
  • the particles which have been ground to a particle size sufficiently small to fall through the screen 60 will pass through the screen 60 and exit the mill through exit port 58.
  • the remaining particles pass along the screen 60, below the wall 66, and are reintroduced into the grinding cham ⁇ ber 14 where they are subjected to additional grinding.
  • the exit stream of particles is preferably sprayed with a fine mist of water or other inert liquid to entrain any fine particulate matter in the water and thereby reduce the amount of dust which is introduced into the ambient air.
  • the glass particles may be washed and further screened to isolate glass particles having a particular size.
  • the particles may then be dried according to conventionally known techniques to remove the liquid in which they were slurried and/or washed. Glass particles of various sizes may then be mixed together to produce a sand having a desired gradation profile. The result ⁇ ing cultured sand is then ready for use in accordance with the methods of use of the present invention.
  • the cultured sand produced by the methods of the present invention is free from sharp edges and may be used in a variety of applications. Because of the novel methods employed in pro ⁇ ducing the cultured sand of this invention, a cultured sand pro- duct may be produced which does not include contaminants which may affect how the cultured sand could be used.
  • the pre ⁇ sent invention also includes the use of cultured sand produced in accordance with the method of the present invention as a sub ⁇ stitute for natural sand.
  • One such substitute for natural sand includes the use of cultured sand for decorative purposes. Because the color of the cultured sand may be carefully controlled, the use of cultured sand for decorative purposes can be aesthetically more pleasing than the use of many natural sands.
  • Examples of the use of cul- tured sand for decorative purposes include using cultured sand as a ground cover or as a sand bed in aquariums.
  • Use of cul ⁇ tured sand in aquariums is particularly advantageous because the cultured sand can be prepared to be entirely inorganic, thereby avoiding the introduction of organic materials into the tempera ⁇ mental ecosystem of the aquarium.
  • Other uses which may be cat ⁇ egorized as at least partially decorative include use as play ⁇ ground sand.
  • the cultured sand of the present invention may also be used for "sports-turf" applications such as a substitute for sand used in golf course sand bunkers and as a top dressing for golf course greens. Because the color of the cultured sand may be preselected, the sand used in golf course sand bunkers may be selected to correspond to a particular color scheme appropriate to the golf course.
  • One of the principal advantages of the cul ⁇ tured sand of the present invention is the ability to produce sand having a generally consistent particle size. Hence, a cul ⁇ tured sand having a predetermined gradation profile may be easily mixed.
  • the ability to produce a sand having a particular gradation profile is especially advantageous when using cultured sand for sports-turf applications.
  • cultured sand when using cultured sand as a top dressing on a golf course green, it is generally desir ⁇ able to match the gradation profile of the existing layer of sand upon which the green is built.
  • a gradation profile established by a rules committee or other organization may be easily matched.
  • Another use of the cultured sand of the present invention is as a soil conditioner.
  • a problem often encountered by veget- able farmers is that the hardness of the soil restricts growth of the vegetables.
  • the treated soil compacts less readily, thereby facilitating plant growth and enhancing the harvest.
  • Sewage sludge may be similarly condi- tioned with cultured sand to produce fertilizer.
  • Cultured sand may also be used as a potting soil, thereby providing an inorganic matrix in which nutrients and water may be introduced to carefully control the growth environment of young plants.
  • the cultured sand of the present invention may also be advantageously used as a complete or partial replacement for sand in concrete aggregate. Because of the luster and bril ⁇ liance of cultured sand, particularly that made of clear glass, cultured sand may be used as a concrete coating, applied over wet concrete to provide a sparkling, reflecting coating to the concrete. A different, and sometimes preferred sheen, may be obtained by using cultured sand made of other types of glass such as porcelain.
  • cultured sand as a concrete coating may also enhance the coefficient of friction on the concrete, thereby providing a surface with improved traction.
  • One application where the combination of increased visibility due to the reflective nature of the cultured sand and the increased traction are particularly beneficial is in concrete used for airport runways.
  • Sand having a generally uniform gradation profile resists compaction. Because the cultured sand produced by the present invention may readily be produced with a uniform gradation pro ⁇ file, it is ideally suited for many purposes in which a sand having a uniform gradation profile is desired.
  • a sand having a uniform gradation profile is desired.
  • One such example is as a spawning bed for fish. Many fish lay their eggs in sand. In order to bury the eggs in the sand, the sand must not be compacted to any significant degree. Cultured sand having a substantially uniform gradation profile is therefore an ideal sand for such an application.
  • cultured sand of the present invention is as a fluid filtering media. Because the gradation profile of the cultured sand may be precisely con ⁇ trolled, a cultured sand mixture having a predetermined porosity may be readily obtained. And, because cultured sand may be pro ⁇ quizd to be inorganic, it may ideally be used to filter solids out of water. One such application is in the processing of sewage waste.
  • the cultured sand of the present invention is as a propant, or "fracking" sand, for use in the fracturing of strata in down hole mining applications.
  • the well may be sealed and pressurized sufficiently to fracture rock strata inside the well, thereby providing an opening to additional reservoirs of oil.
  • a propant such as a liquid permeable sand is introduced into the well to provide a load bearing support for the rock strata.
  • a sand is preferably inorganic, thereby avoiding the introduction of contaminants into the oil.
  • an ideal fracking sand will have a generally uniform gradation profile or be a mixture of two sands each of which has a uniform gradation profile, thereby maximizing pore size and porosity of the sand and enhancing the ability of the oil to flow through the sand.
  • the cultured sand of the present invention provides a sand having these qualities. Indeed, cultured sand will have superior per ⁇ formance characteristics as a fracking sand than most natural sands which have been highly processed for this purpose. It should be appreciated that the methods of the present invention are capable of being incorporated in the form of a variety of embodiments, only a few of which have been illus ⁇ trated and described above.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé de traitement des déchets de verre les réduisant en particules non contaminées à bords arrondis. Dans sa variante préférée, le procédé consiste à introduire le verre dans une chambre (14) circulaire de meulage puis à y faire tourner un rotor (30) à la vitesse périphérique de 10 m/s. Le rotor est conçu pour forcer le verre à rouler contre les parois de la chambre et à en émousser les arêtes aiguës sans recours à des composés abrasifs. Les particules de verre non contaminé à bords émoussés peuvent servir de substituts au sable naturel notamment pour les aires de sport y compris les bunkers de sable et les couches supérieures des greens des terrains de golf et comme conditionneurs de sols, comme milieu de filtrage ou comme charge de colmatage profond dans les puits de pétrole.
PCT/US1996/001022 1995-01-30 1996-01-30 Procede de traitement du verre de recuperation Ceased WO1996023587A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU49660/96A AU4966096A (en) 1995-01-30 1996-01-30 Method for recycling glass and its uses

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US38030695A 1995-01-30 1995-01-30
US08/380,306 1995-01-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996023587A1 true WO1996023587A1 (fr) 1996-08-08

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1996/001022 Ceased WO1996023587A1 (fr) 1995-01-30 1996-01-30 Procede de traitement du verre de recuperation

Country Status (2)

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AU (1) AU4966096A (fr)
WO (1) WO1996023587A1 (fr)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5935510A (en) * 1997-01-21 1999-08-10 R & J Hansen, L.L.C. Method for using recycled glass as a filler in molded plastics
EP0826735A3 (fr) * 1996-09-02 1999-11-03 Matsushita Sangyo Corporation Matériau de pavage
EP0990466A1 (fr) * 1998-09-30 2000-04-05 Kaneto Co., Ltd. Procédé de fabrication de sable de verre et système associé
WO2001070408A1 (fr) * 2000-03-22 2001-09-27 Global Eneco Limited Machine a broyer du verre ou de la ceramique
US6824832B2 (en) * 2002-07-08 2004-11-30 R&J Hansen, L.L.C. Thermosetting plastic composition
GB2413124A (en) * 2004-04-13 2005-10-19 Thims Ltd Glass filtration media
EP1818316A1 (fr) * 2006-02-13 2007-08-15 SASIL S.p.A. Procédé de fabrication de sable artificiel pour l'industrie de la céramique et des verriers à partir de déchets de verre obtenus dans une collecte de verre séparée
WO2010040176A1 (fr) * 2008-10-08 2010-04-15 Advanced Plant Nutrition Pty Ltd Particules de poudre de verre contenant du silicium pour améliorer la croissance de plantes
US7931220B2 (en) 2008-05-15 2011-04-26 Empire Resource Recovery, Llc White pozzolan manufactured from post-consumer waste glass, products incorporating the same and methods of manufacturing the same
EP2322262A1 (fr) * 2009-11-16 2011-05-18 Bräutigam Kunststoffsysteme GmbH Matériau de filtre pour filtre dans des installations de traitement et de préparation de l'eau
EP2401082A4 (fr) * 2009-02-26 2016-01-13 Esco Corp Marteaux déchiqueteurs présentant une meilleure entrée en prise entre le plot de marteau et le marteau

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US4796820A (en) * 1985-08-12 1989-01-10 Richard W Hansen Portable rock crusher
US4997485A (en) * 1988-09-14 1991-03-05 Patrick Lamoni Aggregate for concrete or a similar building material and a method of producing such aggregate
US5184781A (en) * 1992-01-14 1993-02-09 James Andela Glass pulverizer

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US3597177A (en) * 1968-07-19 1971-08-03 Potters Bros Inc Method of producing glass beads
US4796820A (en) * 1985-08-12 1989-01-10 Richard W Hansen Portable rock crusher
US4997485A (en) * 1988-09-14 1991-03-05 Patrick Lamoni Aggregate for concrete or a similar building material and a method of producing such aggregate
US5184781A (en) * 1992-01-14 1993-02-09 James Andela Glass pulverizer

Cited By (15)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0826735A3 (fr) * 1996-09-02 1999-11-03 Matsushita Sangyo Corporation Matériau de pavage
US6284186B1 (en) 1997-01-21 2001-09-04 R & J Hansen, L.L.C. Method for using recycled glass as a filler and reinforcement in molded plastics
EP0964777A4 (fr) * 1997-01-21 2003-05-14 R & J Hansen L L C Procede d'utilisation de verre recycle comme materiau de remplissage dans des plastiques moules
US5935510A (en) * 1997-01-21 1999-08-10 R & J Hansen, L.L.C. Method for using recycled glass as a filler in molded plastics
EP0990466A1 (fr) * 1998-09-30 2000-04-05 Kaneto Co., Ltd. Procédé de fabrication de sable de verre et système associé
US6988683B2 (en) * 2000-03-22 2006-01-24 Global Eneco Limited Apparatus for crushing glass or ceramic material
WO2001070408A1 (fr) * 2000-03-22 2001-09-27 Global Eneco Limited Machine a broyer du verre ou de la ceramique
US6824832B2 (en) * 2002-07-08 2004-11-30 R&J Hansen, L.L.C. Thermosetting plastic composition
GB2413124A (en) * 2004-04-13 2005-10-19 Thims Ltd Glass filtration media
EP1818316A1 (fr) * 2006-02-13 2007-08-15 SASIL S.p.A. Procédé de fabrication de sable artificiel pour l'industrie de la céramique et des verriers à partir de déchets de verre obtenus dans une collecte de verre séparée
US7931220B2 (en) 2008-05-15 2011-04-26 Empire Resource Recovery, Llc White pozzolan manufactured from post-consumer waste glass, products incorporating the same and methods of manufacturing the same
WO2010040176A1 (fr) * 2008-10-08 2010-04-15 Advanced Plant Nutrition Pty Ltd Particules de poudre de verre contenant du silicium pour améliorer la croissance de plantes
AU2009301632B2 (en) * 2008-10-08 2013-10-24 MaxSil Pty Ltd Silicon-containing glass powder particles to improve plant growth
EP2401082A4 (fr) * 2009-02-26 2016-01-13 Esco Corp Marteaux déchiqueteurs présentant une meilleure entrée en prise entre le plot de marteau et le marteau
EP2322262A1 (fr) * 2009-11-16 2011-05-18 Bräutigam Kunststoffsysteme GmbH Matériau de filtre pour filtre dans des installations de traitement et de préparation de l'eau

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