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WO1996021485A1 - Chauffage de liquides physiologiques - Google Patents

Chauffage de liquides physiologiques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996021485A1
WO1996021485A1 PCT/GB1996/000031 GB9600031W WO9621485A1 WO 1996021485 A1 WO1996021485 A1 WO 1996021485A1 GB 9600031 W GB9600031 W GB 9600031W WO 9621485 A1 WO9621485 A1 WO 9621485A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat exchange
heating
exchange unit
fluid
conduit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/GB1996/000031
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Gilchrist
Allan Scott
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giltech Ltd
Original Assignee
Giltech Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from GBGB9500520.3A external-priority patent/GB9500520D0/en
Priority claimed from GBGB9523976.0A external-priority patent/GB9523976D0/en
Application filed by Giltech Ltd filed Critical Giltech Ltd
Priority to AU43515/96A priority Critical patent/AU4351596A/en
Publication of WO1996021485A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996021485A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/44—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests having means for cooling or heating the devices or media
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
    • A61M2205/36—General characteristics of the apparatus related to heating or cooling
    • A61M2205/3653—General characteristics of the apparatus related to heating or cooling by Joule effect, i.e. electric resistance

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to heating of physiological fluids and apparatus therefor.
  • physiological fluid is used herein to refer to any fluid which may be administered to a patient, for example, blood, a blood product, an irrigating fluid, a fluid containing active ingredients (eg medicaments) or a fluid containing nutrients.
  • US Patent 4,532,414 discloses a blood warming device in which a portion of a flexible blood supply conduit is fed through a sinuously-shaped groove in a heating plate. Straight portions of the groove are joined by arcuate portions which must have a relatively large radius to prevent the supply conduit kinking in use and inhibiting blood flow. It is not always easy to position the flexible supply conduit in the groove without it kinking or deforming. Furthermore, only a relatively small proportion of the area of the heating plate is in contact with the supply conduit and heat transfer efficiency is thus relatively small. Indeed, this document suggests using two or more such units in cascade or series where fluid must be transferred at a very rapid rate.
  • the present invention provides apparatus for heating a physiological fluid, said apparatus comprising a solid heating body, an electrical heating element coupled to the heating body and a heat exchange unit arranged so as to be engageable with the heating body and comprising a fluid-tight conduit for passage therethrough of the physiological fluid, the conduit being provided by a preformed fixed passageway through the heat exchange unit.
  • the physiological fluid to be warmed passes through the conduit of the heat exchange unit.
  • the heat exchange unit is preferably arranged in direct contact with the heating body to which heat energy is supplied by the electrical heating element.
  • the heating body may be provided in the form of one or more heating plates.
  • the or at least one of the heating plates may be substantially planar and may be substantially flat.
  • the heating body comprises a pair of heating plates between which the heat exchange unit may be received; the heating plates may be separable to facilitate insertion and/or removal of the heat exchange unit.
  • the heat exchange unit is preferably easy to handle. It is preferably removable from the apparatus and may be provided as a disposable unit. It may be substantially rigid and may be substantially planar.
  • the conduit of the heat exchange unit may be provided in the form of a tortuous passageway. It may comprise a plurality of conduit portions in the form of substantially straight pipes arranged transversely to each other. An end of one conduit portion may be connected to an adjacent end of an adjacent conduit portion by a fluid tight end cap.
  • the end cap may connect adjacent ends of adjacent first and second conduit portions and connect adjacent ends of adjacent third and fourth conduit portions.
  • the end cap may fix the conduit portions transversely in relation to each other.
  • a pair of end caps are provided and are arranged such that opposite ends of each conduit portion are connected to respective first and second end caps.
  • the conduit portions may be substantially parallel. Side walls of adjacent conduit portions may touch each other.
  • the conduit portions may be provided in aluminium. Anodised or non-anodised aluminium may be used.
  • the or each end cap may be provided in plastics material, for example polycarbonate, which may be machined.
  • Clamping means may be provided to clamp the heat exchange unit to the heating body or between the heating plates.
  • the clamping means may encourage a large surface area of contact between the heat exchange unit and the heating body.
  • the clamping means may be resilient and/or may be provided by one or more releasable fasteners.
  • the temperature of the heating body and/or the temperature of the physiological fluid is electronically monitored, and subsequently controlled.
  • the apparatus may be provided with one or more of the following: a temperature indicator; a high temperature alarm, a low temperature alarm and a high temperature cut out which may require manual resetting when tripped. Desirably the apparatus heats the fluid to approximately body temperature.
  • the heating body may be heated by one or more electrical strip elements; these may be rubber strip elements.
  • the apparatus may be arranged to operate from any desirable electrical power source, for example 240 volts alternating current, or 12 volts direct current.
  • the apparatus may be portable and powered from a portable battery, which is preferably rechargeable.
  • the present invention provides a method of heating a physiological fluid in which method the physiological fluid passes through a preformed fixed passageway in a heat exchange unit and the heat exchange unit is arranged in contact with a solid heating body to which heat energy is supplied by a heating element.
  • the preformed fixed passageway forms a fluid-tight conduit for the fluid.
  • the heat energy is usually supplied by an electrical heating element.
  • the second aspect of the invention may incorporate one or more features described with reference to the first aspect.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an apparatus in accordance with the invention incorporated in a drip supply;
  • Fig. 2 is a perspective view of one embodiment of the apparatus according to the invention.
  • Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a heater unit which forms a part of the apparatus.
  • Fig. 4 is an elevation of the heat exchange unit which forms a part of the apparatus.
  • Figure 1 shows heating apparatus 1 in accordance with the invention incorporated into a drip system.
  • a pair of bags 2 containing a physiological fluid to be administered to a patient are suspended from bag spikes in a conventional way.
  • the bags 2 may release the fluid under gravity or one or more of them may be squeezed to cause the fluid to be expelled.
  • Fluid released from each of the bags 2 passes into a drip chamber 3 and subsequently into the heating apparatus 1 where it is warmed to a desired temperature before passing through a filter 4 and subsequently being administered to a patient (not shown) .
  • the heating apparatus 1 (an embodiment of which is illustrated in Fig. 2) comprises a heater unit 1C (for example as illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3) and a heat exchange unit 11 (for example as illustrated in Figs. 2 and 4) .
  • Fig. 2 shows an apparatus accordingly to the invention which is indicated generally as 1.
  • apparatus 1 is in the form of a hinged box consisting of a first portion 29 and a second portion 30 connected by hinge 24.
  • Apparatus 1 has a two part heater unit 10 comprising two substantially planar heating plates 12, 13 located in the first and second portions 29, 30 respectively. Heating plates 12, 13 are designed to accommodate a heat exchange unit 11 so that heating surfaces 14, 15 maintain good contact with unit 11. Contact between the (substantially planar) heating surfaces 14, 15 and unit 11 permits transfer of heat from surfaces 14 , 15 to unit 11, the heat then being transferred to the physiological fluid to be heated. Heat exchange unit 11 may be removed from apparatus 1, and optionally unit 11 is disposable.
  • Heating plates 12, 13 are heated by means of rubber strip exchange electrical heating elements 31, 32 which are shown surrounding the edge of plates 12, 13 respectively.
  • Elements 31, 32 are connected by cable 27 to control unit 8 and then to a power supply (not shown) .
  • Control unit 8 may be a transformer to obtain a power source of the required voltage/ampage and/or may be a time control unit.
  • Heat exchange unit 11 is a rigid, substantially planar, unit. Within unit 11 is a tortuous conduit through which the fluid is directed, during the warming process. Generally unit 11 will contain numerous parallel pipes (not shown) which are connected in series by connecting portions within first and second end caps 20, 21. Inlet 25 and outlet 26 are shown in the heat exchange unit 11 and these are located at each end of a circuitous conduit (not illustrated) contained within unit 11. The physiological fluid to be heated enters through inlet 25, travels through the conduit (not shown) , being passed down each pipe 19 in turn and is expelled through outlet 26 at a temperature suitable for administration to a patient.
  • the apparatus may contain one or more temperature detectors to monitor the delivery temperature of the physiological fluid and to set off an alarm, optionally also switching the heating elements up or down, or on or off.
  • Inlet 25 and outlet 26 may comprise connectors (not shown), for example standard luer connectors, to enable delivery of the fluid from its storage container and transport of the heated fluid to the patient optionally via other medical apparatus (not shown) .
  • spring clips 9 are shown on the outside of lower portion 30 to hold faces 15, 16 of heater plates 13, 14 snugly against each heat exchange surface of unit 11. Also illustrated is an abnormal temperature indicator light 33 which is lit when the temperature of the physiological fluid falls outside an acceptable range.
  • the heater unit 10 of Fig. 3 has a heating body in the form of a pair of electrically heated heating plates 12, 13 each of which has a substantially planar heating surface 14, 15.
  • the heat exchange unit 11 is inserted and maintained between the heating surfaces 14, 15.
  • the heating plates are maintained within a heating box 22.
  • Each heating surface 14, 15 is heated in use by a respective 500 watt rubber strip electrical heated element (not shown) , one attached to each heating plate 12, 13.
  • the heating plates 12, 13 are resiliently separable to facilitate insertion and removal of the heat exchange unit 11.
  • the heating plates 12, 13 are resiliently separable to facilitate insertion and removal of the heat exchange unit 11.
  • six guiding pegs 16 pass through each heating plate 12, 13 to guide their relative movement.
  • Resilient means in the form of six springs 17, one positioned about each guiding peg 16 bias the heating plates 12, 13 resiliently together.
  • Clamping means is also provided by a pair of two half- turn screws 18 provided on a rear side of the heater unit. In use, the screws 18 are tightened to clamp the heat exchange unit 11 in direct contact between the heating surfaces 14, 15 and to encourage a maximum possible surface area of contact.
  • the heat exchange unit 11 illustrated in Fig. 4 is provided as a preformed rigid, substantially planar, disposable unit. It has fourteen substantially parallel conduit portions provided by pipes 19 of circular cross section (not all of which are shown) .
  • the heat exchange unit 11 is 320mm long; each pipe 19 has a wall thickness of 1mm, a cross-sectional area of 18mm 2 and is provided in anodised aluminium.
  • Respective first and second end caps 20, 21 fluidly connect respective ends of adjacent pipes 19 to form a tortuous passageway through the heat exchange unit 11 and to form a fluid tight conduit for passage therethrough of the physiological fluid.
  • Each of the end caps 20, 21 is made of machined polycarbonate and is substantially rigid.
  • the end caps 20, 21 retain each of the conduit portions 19 in a fixed relationship to each other. This facilitates handling of the unit 11 which may be easily inserted between the heating surfaces 14, 15 of the heater unit 10 and easily removed after use.
  • Arcuate portions 23 in the end caps 20, 21 fluidly connect adjacent ends of adjacent pipes 19. The arcuate portions have relatively small radii permitting a compact construction in which sides of adjacent pipes 19 touch each other.
  • the heating unit 10 may be free standing or it may fit on to a standard' blood transfusion pole.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • External Artificial Organs (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un appareil (1) destiné au chauffage d'un liquide physiologique tel que le sang ou un produit du sang. Cet appareil (1) comporte un corps chauffant solide (10) et un échangeur thermique (11) disposé de manière à pouvoir entrer en contact avec le corps chauffant (10). L'appareil (1) contient également un conduit étanche (19) de transport du liquide physiologique lequel (19) comporte un passage préformé à travers l'échangeur thermique (11). La chaleur passe directement du corps chauffant (10) (qui peut être constitué d'une ou de plusieurs plaque(s) chauffante(s) par exemple (12, 13)) vers l'échangeur thermique (11) qui peut être, suivant les besoins, une unité jetable. De préférence, le conduit (19) suit un chemin tortueux à l'intérieur de l'appareil (1), et il est possible de surveiller la température du liquide. Cet appareil (1) peut être portable et il peut fonctionner à piles.
PCT/GB1996/000031 1995-01-11 1996-01-10 Chauffage de liquides physiologiques Ceased WO1996021485A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU43515/96A AU4351596A (en) 1995-01-11 1996-01-10 Heating of physiological fluids

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GBGB9500520.3A GB9500520D0 (en) 1995-01-11 1995-01-11 Heating of physiological fluids
GB9500520.3 1995-01-11
GB9523976.0 1995-11-23
GBGB9523976.0A GB9523976D0 (en) 1995-11-23 1995-11-23 Heating of physiological fluids

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996021485A1 true WO1996021485A1 (fr) 1996-07-18

Family

ID=26306312

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1996/000031 Ceased WO1996021485A1 (fr) 1995-01-11 1996-01-10 Chauffage de liquides physiologiques

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU4351596A (fr)
WO (1) WO1996021485A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7927605B2 (en) 2001-02-02 2011-04-19 Stichting Dienst Landbouwkundig Onderzoek Environmentally regulated genes of Streptococcus suis
CN109498916A (zh) * 2018-12-29 2019-03-22 天津沃姆斯医疗器械有限公司 用于输注或冲洗的可监测到位的加温装置及其使用方法

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1260083B (de) * 1962-05-07 1968-02-01 Louis Arlington Terman Heizbare Schutzmaske fuer die Atmungsoeffnungen
FR2378308A1 (fr) * 1977-01-24 1978-08-18 Baxter Travenol Lab Appareil pour le rechauffement du sang
US4492228A (en) * 1982-12-16 1985-01-08 Makovic Edward M Air warming device to facilitate breathing
EP0292076A1 (fr) * 1987-05-22 1988-11-23 Medistad Holland B.V. Dispositif pour chauffer le sang
US5250032A (en) * 1991-12-13 1993-10-05 Spectralogic, Inc. Heater for in vivo blood infusion

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1260083B (de) * 1962-05-07 1968-02-01 Louis Arlington Terman Heizbare Schutzmaske fuer die Atmungsoeffnungen
FR2378308A1 (fr) * 1977-01-24 1978-08-18 Baxter Travenol Lab Appareil pour le rechauffement du sang
US4492228A (en) * 1982-12-16 1985-01-08 Makovic Edward M Air warming device to facilitate breathing
EP0292076A1 (fr) * 1987-05-22 1988-11-23 Medistad Holland B.V. Dispositif pour chauffer le sang
US5250032A (en) * 1991-12-13 1993-10-05 Spectralogic, Inc. Heater for in vivo blood infusion

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7927605B2 (en) 2001-02-02 2011-04-19 Stichting Dienst Landbouwkundig Onderzoek Environmentally regulated genes of Streptococcus suis
CN109498916A (zh) * 2018-12-29 2019-03-22 天津沃姆斯医疗器械有限公司 用于输注或冲洗的可监测到位的加温装置及其使用方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU4351596A (en) 1996-07-31

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