[go: up one dir, main page]

WO1996019698A1 - Gas burner for heaters,especially water heaters - Google Patents

Gas burner for heaters,especially water heaters Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1996019698A1
WO1996019698A1 PCT/DE1995/001663 DE9501663W WO9619698A1 WO 1996019698 A1 WO1996019698 A1 WO 1996019698A1 DE 9501663 W DE9501663 W DE 9501663W WO 9619698 A1 WO9619698 A1 WO 9619698A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
burner
plate
combustion chamber
channels
burner plate
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/DE1995/001663
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Walter Daniel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority to CZ971898A priority Critical patent/CZ189897A3/en
Priority to EP95936980A priority patent/EP0796412B1/en
Priority to JP8519407A priority patent/JPH10510912A/en
Priority to DE59509357T priority patent/DE59509357D1/en
Publication of WO1996019698A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996019698A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/24—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending transversely
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details
    • F23D14/72—Safety devices, e.g. operative in case of failure of gas supply
    • F23D14/78—Cooling burner parts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/12—Radiant burners
    • F23D14/18—Radiant burners using catalysis for flameless combustion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/46—Details
    • F23D14/48—Nozzles
    • F23D14/58—Nozzles characterised by the shape or arrangement of the outlet or outlets from the nozzle, e.g. of annular configuration
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/22—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating
    • F24H1/40—Water heaters other than continuous-flow or water-storage heaters, e.g. water heaters for central heating with water tube or tubes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2203/00—Gaseous fuel burners
    • F23D2203/10—Flame diffusing means
    • F23D2203/108—Flame diffusing means with stacked sheets or strips forming the outlets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F2215/00—Fins
    • F28F2215/04—Assemblies of fins having different features, e.g. with different fin densities

Definitions

  • the invention is based on gas burners according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • gas burners of this type EP 0 404 260 AI
  • the channels in the burner plate are formed between individual plate elements, the edge edges of which on the combustion chamber side all lie in a common exit plane.
  • the flame roots only touch the burner plate with theirs
  • Flame temperature should not rise to a range that is harmful with respect to NO x formation.
  • the arrangement according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage, that the flames are cooled in their root area over a defined area extending beyond the apex area so that even higher surface loads of the burner or the burner plate are possible without resulting in impermissibly high NO x values.
  • burner plate is constructed from sheet metal fins which are connected to one another by a cooling pipe system through which the heat-dissipating medium flows and which delimit the channels or gaps between them for the passage of the fuel-air mixture.
  • the pronounced structuring of the burner plate can be achieved in that a set-back or shortened sheet-metal rib is provided between two sheet metal ribs that are not set back.
  • an embodiment has been found to be particularly advantageous in which two shorter sheet metal ribs are arranged side by side between two sheet metal ribs that are not set back.
  • care must be taken that they have a width or a diameter that is smaller than the so-called extinguishing distance at least over a longitudinal section, so that the flames cannot fight back.
  • a perforated plate or a lattice structure is provided on the inflow side of the burner plate, the opening diameter or the mesh size of which is smaller than the rib spacing.
  • the burner plate can consist of a honeycomb structure and a base plate connected to it, which is connected to the heat-dissipating pipe system and is provided with inflow bores opening into the channels of the honeycomb structure.
  • the formation of harmful NO x emissions can be further counteracted if the walls of the channels for the fuel-air mixture flowing through are catalytically coated at least in the region of their end sections on the combustion chamber side.
  • the burner plate must be designed by appropriate dimensioning or material selection so that the surface temperature is approximately 600 ° C.
  • Such a catalytic burner is started in a conventional manner with the Rib or honeycomb ends of free-burning flames. After the burner plate has been heated to the operating temperature of the catalyst coating, the flames withdraw into the catalytically active region.
  • the pipe system which is connected in a heat-conducting manner to the burner plate can advantageously have water flowing through it and the pipe system with the burner plate can form a heat exchanger unit of the water heater.
  • a heat exchanger acted upon by the combustion gases of the gas burner can be made smaller than in an embodiment with an uncooled burner.
  • FIG. 1 shows a water heater with a gas burner according to the first exemplary embodiment
  • FIG. 2 enlarges the burner plate of the gas burner according to FIG. 1
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 each show a modification of the burner plate according to FIG. 2.
  • FIGS. 5 and 6 the burner plates according to FIG second and third embodiment shown.
  • FIG. 7 shows a top view of the burner plate according to FIG. 6.
  • the water heater according to FIG. 1 has a gas burner 12 in a housing 10, to which a fuel-air mixture is fed under blower pressure in the direction of arrow A. Downstream of the gas burner 12, an exhaust gas heat exchanger 14 is seated in the housing 10 and is penetrated by a pipe system 16 which carries the water to be heated. The pipe system 16 is connected via a line 18 to a second one Connected pipe system 20 which is integrated in the gas burner 12. An ignition device 22 for starting the heater is attached to the housing 10 downstream of the gas burner 12.
  • the gas burner 12 has a burner plate 24 which is constructed from sheet metal fins 26, 28 of different lengths (FIG. 2).
  • the sheet metal fins 26, 28 are in good heat-conducting contact with the pipe system 20 and are connected by this to form a rigid structural unit. Between the sheet metal ribs 26, 28 there are gaps 30 for the passage of the
  • the width a of the column 30 is smaller than the so-called extinguishing distance, so that flames cannot strike back into the burner plate 24 or into a possibly mixing zone located in front of it.
  • the burner plate 24 is designed so that the shorter sheet metal ribs 28 are each between two longer sheet metal ribs 26.
  • the arrangement is such that the edges 32 of the shorter sheet metal ribs 28 on the combustion chamber side are set back relative to the edges 34 of the longer sheet metal ribs 26. This results in a strongly stepped surface structuring on the combustion chamber side wall of the burner plate 24 with wide gaps 36 which are laterally delimited by wall regions 38 of the longer sheet metal ribs 26.
  • the mixture reacts between or at the downstream edges 32, 34 of the sheet metal fins 26, 28 to form flames, whereby
  • the modified embodiment according to FIG. 3 is a burner plate 40, in which two shortened sheet metal ribs 28 are arranged between the longer sheet metal ribs 26. This results in even wider spaces 42, which structure the wall of the burner plate 40 on the combustion chamber side particularly strongly.
  • a burner plate 44 is made of sheet metal ribs of different lengths
  • the burner plate 44 is provided with a lattice structure 50, the mesh size of which is smaller than the width of the gap between the sheet metal ribs 46, 48.
  • the thermal conductivity of the sheet metal fins 46, 48 is matched to the burner output by dimensioning and / or choice of material in such a way that its surface temperature is set at, for example, 600 ° C.
  • a catalytic combustion takes place on the sheet metal fins 46, 48, in which the formation of pollutants is further reduced compared to an uncoated version.
  • the burner is started in a conventional manner with a flame burning freely at the ends of the sheet metal fins 46, 48 on the combustion chamber side. After the sheet metal fins 46, 48 have been heated to the operating temperature of the catalyst coating, the flame withdraws into the catalytically active region of the burner plate 44.
  • a burner plate 52 is equipped with pins 54, 56 of unequal length, which form channels 58 between them for the passage of the fuel-air mixture and wider spaces 60 on the combustion chamber side for extensive contact with the flame roots.
  • Pins 54, 56 are on one Fixed base plate 62, which is provided with narrow inlet bores 64 for the fuel-air mixture and at the same time produces a heat-conducting connection to a water-carrying pipe system 66 which extends, for example, in a meandering manner over the surface of the base plate 62.
  • a burner plate 68 consists of the base plate 62 connected to the pipe system 66 and a honeycomb structure 70 attached to it. This is formed from hexagonal, non-gaping individual honeycombs 72, into the cavities of which the inflow holes 64 of the base plate 62 open. For greater structuring of the wall of the burner plate 68 on the combustion chamber side, as shown in FIGS.
  • the cavities of the individual honeycombs 72 or a part of the individual honeycombs 72 can be narrowed by shorter, preferably also honeycomb-shaped inserts 74 fastened to the base plate 62 than the individual honeycombs 72 are designed and cause a gradation of the wall of the burner plate on the combustion chamber side.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Instantaneous Water Boilers, Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses, And Control Of Portable Hot-Water Supply Apparatuses (AREA)
  • Details Of Fluid Heaters (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a gas burner for heaters having a cooled burner plate with a plurality of channels for the passage of the pressurised fuel-air mixture which reacts in the region of the openings in the channels on the combustion chamber side to generate a flame. The proposal is for the wall of the burner plate (24, 40, 44, 52, 68) on the combustion chamber side to be given a stepped structure so that there are defined contact surfaces (38) between the flame seats against the burner plate and the edges (32, 34) of the openings of the channels (30, 58) extending over the peak regions of the flame seats even against or in their side regions. This cools the flame well so that the surface load on the burner can be high while remaining within predetermined NOx limits.

Description

Gasbrenner für Heizgeräte, insbesondere WassererhitzerGas burners for heating devices, in particular water heaters

Stand der TechnikState of the art

Die Erfindung geht aus von Gasbrennern nach der Gattung des Hauptanspruchs. Bei bekannten Gasbrennern dieser Gattung (EP 0 404 260 AI) sind die Kanäle in der Brennerplatte zwischen einzelnen Platteneletnenten gebildet, deren brennraumseitige Randkanten allesamt in einer gemeinsamen Austrittsebene liegen. Bei dieser Ausführung berühren die Flammenwurzeln die Brennerplatte nur mit ihrenThe invention is based on gas burners according to the preamble of the main claim. In known gas burners of this type (EP 0 404 260 AI), the channels in the burner plate are formed between individual plate elements, the edge edges of which on the combustion chamber side all lie in a common exit plane. In this version, the flame roots only touch the burner plate with theirs

Scheitelbereichen, so daß ein die Flammen kühlender Wärmeabfluß über die Brennerplatte in das wärmeabführende Medium nur in einem begrenzten Umfang möglich ist. Das schränkt auch das Bestreben nach einer möglichst großen Flächenbelastung des Brenners ein, wenn dieVertex areas, so that the flame-cooling heat flow through the burner plate into the heat-dissipating medium is only possible to a limited extent. This also restricts the effort for the burner to have as large a surface load as possible if the

Flammentemperatur nicht in einen bezüglich der NOx-Bildung schädlichen Bereich ansteigen soll.Flame temperature should not rise to a range that is harmful with respect to NO x formation.

Vorteile der ErfindungAdvantages of the invention

Die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Hauptanspruchs hat demgegenüber den Vorteil, daß die Flammen in ihrem Wurzelbereich über eine definierte, sich über den Scheitelbereich hinaus erstreckende Fläche so gekühlt werden, daß auch höhere Flächenbelastungen des Brenners beziehungsweise der Brennerplatte möglich sind, ohne daß sich unzulässig hohe NOx-Werte ergeben.The arrangement according to the invention with the characterizing features of the main claim has the advantage, that the flames are cooled in their root area over a defined area extending beyond the apex area so that even higher surface loads of the burner or the burner plate are possible without resulting in impermissibly high NO x values.

Durch die in den Unteransprüchen aufgeführten Maßnahmen sind vorteilhafte Wei erbildungen des Gegenstandes des Hauptanspruchs möglich.The measures listed in the subclaims allow advantageous developments of the subject matter of the main claim.

Eine einfache, bei Wärmetauschern in Wassererhitzern bewährte Ausführung ergibt sich, wenn die Brennerplatte aus Blechrippen aufgebaut ist, die durch ein vom wärmeableitenden Medium durchstrδmtes Kühlrohrsystem miteinander verbunden sind und zwischen sich die Kanäle beziehungsweise Spalte für den Durchtritt des Brennstoff-Luftgemisches begrenzen.A simple design which has proven itself in heat exchangers in water heaters is obtained if the burner plate is constructed from sheet metal fins which are connected to one another by a cooling pipe system through which the heat-dissipating medium flows and which delimit the channels or gaps between them for the passage of the fuel-air mixture.

Bei dieser bewährten Ausführung ist es besonders vorteilhaft, wenn die brennraumseitigen Ränder von bestimmten Blechrippen gegenüber den brennraumseitigen Rändern der anderen Blechrippen zurückversetzt sind. Dadurch wird eine besonders ausgeprägte Strukturierung der brennraumseitigen Wand der Brennerplatte erreicht, bei welcher die Flammenwurzeln über größere Seitenbereiche an benachbarten Blechrippen anliegen und daher besonders gut gekühlt werden.In this proven design, it is particularly advantageous if the edges of certain sheet metal fins on the combustion chamber side are set back relative to the edges of the other sheet metal fins on the combustion chamber side. As a result, a particularly pronounced structuring of the wall of the burner plate on the combustion chamber side is achieved, in which the flame roots rest against adjacent sheet metal fins over larger side areas and are therefore cooled particularly well.

Die ausgeprägte Strukturierung der Brennerplatte kann dadurch erreicht werden, daß jeweils zwischen zwei nicht zurückversetzten Blechrippen eine zurückversetzte beziehungsweise gekürzte Blechrippe vorgesehen wird. Bei Versuchen hat sich eine Ausführung als besonders vorteilhaft herausgestellt, bei welcher jeweils zwischen zwei nicht zurückversetzten Blechrippen zwei kürzere Blechrippen nebeneinanderliegend angeordnet sind. Bei der Ausbildung der Kanäle in der Brennerplatte ist darauf zu achten, daß sie mindestens über einen Längsabschnitt eine Breite beziehungsweise einen Durchmesser haben, die beziehungsweise der kleiner als der sogenannte Lδschabstand ist, damit die Flammen nicht zurückschlagen können. Zu diesem Zweck wird vorgeschlagen, daß an der Einstrδmseite der Brennerplatte ein Lochblech beziehungsweise eine Gitterstruktur vorgesehen ist, dessen Öffnungsdurchmesser beziehungsweise deren Maschenweite kleiner als der Rippenabstand ist.The pronounced structuring of the burner plate can be achieved in that a set-back or shortened sheet-metal rib is provided between two sheet metal ribs that are not set back. In experiments, an embodiment has been found to be particularly advantageous in which two shorter sheet metal ribs are arranged side by side between two sheet metal ribs that are not set back. When forming the channels in the burner plate, care must be taken that they have a width or a diameter that is smaller than the so-called extinguishing distance at least over a longitudinal section, so that the flames cannot fight back. For this purpose, it is proposed that a perforated plate or a lattice structure is provided on the inflow side of the burner plate, the opening diameter or the mesh size of which is smaller than the rib spacing.

Anstelle einer den Rippenrohrwär etauschern von Wassererhitzern nachgebildeten Ausführung einer Brennerplatte kann diese auch aus einer mit Zuströmbohrungen versehenen, mit dem wärmeableitenden Rohrsystem verbundenen Grundplatte und einer Vielzahl von auf der Grundplatte befestigten Stiften bestehen, die zwischen sich die Kanäle für den Durchtritt des Brennstoff-Luftgemisches bilden.Instead of a design of a burner plate simulating the finned tube heat exchangers of water heaters, this can also consist of a base plate provided with inflow bores, connected to the heat-dissipating pipe system, and a multiplicity of pins fastened on the base plate, which form the channels for the passage of the fuel-air mixture between them .

Ferner kann die Brennerplatte aus einer Wabenstruktur und einer damit verbundenen Grundplatte bestehen, die mit dem wärmeableitenden Rohrsystem verbunden und mit in die Kanäle der Wabenstruktur einmündenden Zuströmbohrungen versehen ist. Zur stärkeren Strukturierung der brennraumseitigen Wand der Wabenstruktur wird vorgeschlagen, diese durch verkürzte Einsätze in den Einzelwaben gestuft auszubilden.Furthermore, the burner plate can consist of a honeycomb structure and a base plate connected to it, which is connected to the heat-dissipating pipe system and is provided with inflow bores opening into the channels of the honeycomb structure. For a stronger structuring of the wall of the honeycomb structure on the combustion chamber side, it is proposed to design it in stages by shortened inserts in the individual honeycombs.

Der Bildung von schädlichen NOx-Emissionen kann weiter entgegengewirkt werden, wenn die Wände der Kanäle für das durchströmende Brennstoff-Luftgemisch mindestens im Bereich ihrer brennraumseitigen Endabschnitte katalytisch beschichtet sind. In diesem Fall ist die Brennerplatte durch entsprechende Bemessung beziehungsweise Werkstoffwahl so auszulegen, daß sich eine Oberflächentemperatur von ca. 600° C ergibt. Der Start eines solchen katalytischen Brenners erfolgt in konventioneller Weise mit an den Rippen- beziehungsweise Wabenenden frei brennenden Flammen. Nach Erwärmung der Brennerplatte auf die Betriebstemperatur der Katalysatorbeschichtung ziehen sich die Flammen in den katalytisch wirksamen Bereich zurück.The formation of harmful NO x emissions can be further counteracted if the walls of the channels for the fuel-air mixture flowing through are catalytically coated at least in the region of their end sections on the combustion chamber side. In this case, the burner plate must be designed by appropriate dimensioning or material selection so that the surface temperature is approximately 600 ° C. Such a catalytic burner is started in a conventional manner with the Rib or honeycomb ends of free-burning flames. After the burner plate has been heated to the operating temperature of the catalyst coating, the flames withdraw into the catalytically active region.

Wenn der Gasbrenner als Heizquelle für einen Wassererhitzer bestimmt ist, kann vorteilhaft das mit der Brennerplatte wärmeleitend verbundene Rohrsystem vom aufzuheizenden Wasser durchströmt sein und das Rohrsystem mit der Brennerplatte eine Wärmetauschereinheit des Wassererhitzers bilden. In diesem Fall kann ein von den Verbrennungsgasen des Gasbrenners beaufschlagter Wärmetauscher kleiner als bei einer Ausführung mit ungekühltem Brenner ausgeführt werden.If the gas burner is intended as a heating source for a water heater, the pipe system which is connected in a heat-conducting manner to the burner plate can advantageously have water flowing through it and the pipe system with the burner plate can form a heat exchanger unit of the water heater. In this case, a heat exchanger acted upon by the combustion gases of the gas burner can be made smaller than in an embodiment with an uncooled burner.

Zeichnungdrawing

Drei Ausführungsbeispiele sind in der Zeichnung schematisch dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen Figur 1 einen Wassererhitzer mit einem Gasbrenner nach dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel, Figur 2 vergrößert die Brennerplatte des Gasbrenners nach Figur 1 und die Figuren 3 und 4 je eine Abwandlung der Brennerplatte nach Figur 2. In den Figuren 5 und 6 sind die Brennerplatten gemäß dem zweiten und dritten Ausführungsbeispiel dargestellt. Figur 7 zeigt eine Draufsicht auf die Brennerplatte nach Figur 6.Three exemplary embodiments are shown schematically in the drawing and explained in more detail in the following description. FIG. 1 shows a water heater with a gas burner according to the first exemplary embodiment, FIG. 2 enlarges the burner plate of the gas burner according to FIG. 1, and FIGS. 3 and 4 each show a modification of the burner plate according to FIG. 2. In FIGS. 5 and 6, the burner plates according to FIG second and third embodiment shown. FIG. 7 shows a top view of the burner plate according to FIG. 6.

Beschreibung der AusführungsbeispieleDescription of the embodiments

Der Wassererhitzer nach Figur 1 hat in einem Gehäuse 10 einen Gasbrenner 12, dem ein Brennstoff-Luftgemisch unter Gebläsedruck in Richtung des Pfeiles A zugeführt ist. Stromab des Gasbrenners 12 sitzt im Gehäuse 10 ein Abgaswärmetauscher 14, der von einem Rohrsystem 16 durchsetzt ist, welches das zu erhitzende Wasser führt. Das Rohrsystem 16 ist über eine Leitung 18 mit einem zweiten Rohrsystem 20 verbunden, das in den Gasbrenner 12 integriert ist. Stromab des Gasbrenners 12 ist eine Zündeinrichtung 22 zum Inbetriebsetzen der Heizung am Gehäuse 10 befestigt.The water heater according to FIG. 1 has a gas burner 12 in a housing 10, to which a fuel-air mixture is fed under blower pressure in the direction of arrow A. Downstream of the gas burner 12, an exhaust gas heat exchanger 14 is seated in the housing 10 and is penetrated by a pipe system 16 which carries the water to be heated. The pipe system 16 is connected via a line 18 to a second one Connected pipe system 20 which is integrated in the gas burner 12. An ignition device 22 for starting the heater is attached to the housing 10 downstream of the gas burner 12.

Der Gasbrenner 12 hat eine Brennerplatte 24, die aus unterschiedlich langen Blechrippen 26, 28 (Figur 2) aufgebaut ist. Die Blechrippen 26, 28 stehen in gut wärmeleitendem Kontakt mit dem Rohrsystem 20 und sind durch dieses zu einer starren Baueinheit verbunden. Zwischen den Blechrippen 26, 28 sind Spalte 30 für den Durchtritt desThe gas burner 12 has a burner plate 24 which is constructed from sheet metal fins 26, 28 of different lengths (FIG. 2). The sheet metal fins 26, 28 are in good heat-conducting contact with the pipe system 20 and are connected by this to form a rigid structural unit. Between the sheet metal ribs 26, 28 there are gaps 30 for the passage of the

Brennstoff-Luftgemisches gebildet. Die Breite a der Spalte 30 ist kleiner als der sogenannte Lδschabstand bemessen, so daß Flammen nicht in die Brennerplatte 24 beziehungsweise in eine gegebenenfalls davorliegende Mischzone zurückschlagen können.Fuel-air mixture formed. The width a of the column 30 is smaller than the so-called extinguishing distance, so that flames cannot strike back into the burner plate 24 or into a possibly mixing zone located in front of it.

Die Brennerplatte 24 ist so gestaltet, daß die kürzeren Blechrippen 28 jeweils zwischen zwei längeren Blechrippen 26 stehen. Dabei ist die Anordnung so getroffen, daß die brennraumseitigen Ränder 32 der kürzeren Blechrippen 28 gegenüber den Rändern 34 der längeren Blechrippen 26 zurückgesetzt sind. Dadurch ergibt sich an der brennraumseitigen Wand der Brennerplatte 24 eine stark gestufte Oberflächenstrukturierung mit breiten Zwischenräumen 36, die seitlich durch Wandbereiche 38 der längeren Blechrippen 26 begrenzt sind.The burner plate 24 is designed so that the shorter sheet metal ribs 28 are each between two longer sheet metal ribs 26. The arrangement is such that the edges 32 of the shorter sheet metal ribs 28 on the combustion chamber side are set back relative to the edges 34 of the longer sheet metal ribs 26. This results in a strongly stepped surface structuring on the combustion chamber side wall of the burner plate 24 with wide gaps 36 which are laterally delimited by wall regions 38 of the longer sheet metal ribs 26.

Nach dem Zünden des Brenners reagiert das Gemisch zwischen beziehungsweise an den stromab liegenden Rändern 32, 34 der Blechrippen 26, 28 unter Flammenbildung, wobeiAfter the burner has been ignited, the mixture reacts between or at the downstream edges 32, 34 of the sheet metal fins 26, 28 to form flames, whereby

Reaktionswärme aus den Flammenwurzeln über die Blechrippen 26, 28 an das aufzuheizende Wasser im Rohrsystem 20 gelangt. Die Flammenwurzeln werden hierbei besonders gut gekühlt, weil sie auch Seitenberührung mit den Wandbereichen 38 der Blechrippen 26 haben. Die beider Reaktion an derHeat of reaction from the flame roots reaches the water to be heated in the pipe system 20 via the sheet metal fins 26, 28. The flame roots are cooled particularly well here because they also have side contact with the wall areas 38 of the sheet metal fins 26. The two reaction to the

Brennerplatte 24 entstehenden Verbrennungsgase strömen durch den Abgaswärmetauscher 14, wo sie Wärme an das aufzuheizende Wasser im Rohrsystem 16 abgeben. Die abgewandelte Ausführung nach Figur 3 ist eine Brennerplatte 40, bei welcher jeweils zwei verkürzte Blechrippen 28 zwischen den längeren Blechrippen 26 angeordnet sind. Dadurch ergeben sich noch breitere Zwischenräume 42, welche die brennraumseitige Wand der Brennerplatte 40 besonders stark strukturieren.Burner plate 24 resulting combustion gases flow through the exhaust gas heat exchanger 14, where they give off heat to the water to be heated in the pipe system 16. The modified embodiment according to FIG. 3 is a burner plate 40, in which two shortened sheet metal ribs 28 are arranged between the longer sheet metal ribs 26. This results in even wider spaces 42, which structure the wall of the burner plate 40 on the combustion chamber side particularly strongly.

Bei der abgewandelten Ausführung nach Figur 4 ist eine Brennerplatte 44 aus unterschiedlichen langen BlechrippenIn the modified embodiment according to FIG. 4, a burner plate 44 is made of sheet metal ribs of different lengths

46, 48 aufgebaut, die durch das kühlende Rohrsystem 20 starr miteinander verbunden und deren brennraumseitigen Endabschnitte katalytisch beschichtet sind. Auf der Eingangsseite ist die Brennerplatte 44 mit einer Gitterstruktur 50 versehen, deren Maschenweite kleiner als die Breite der Spalte zwischen den Blechrippen 46, 48 ist. Die Wärmeleitfähigkeit der Blechrippen 46, 48 ist durch Bemessung und/oder Werkstoffwahl so auf die Brennerleistung abgestimmt, daß sich ihre Oberflächentemperatur auf zum Beispiel 600° C einstellt. An den Blechrippen 46, 48 findet eine katalytische Verbrennung statt, bei der im Vergleich zu einer unbeschichteten Ausführung die Bildung von Schadstoffen noch weiter reduziert ist.46, 48 constructed, which are rigidly connected to one another by the cooling pipe system 20 and whose end sections on the combustion chamber side are catalytically coated. On the input side, the burner plate 44 is provided with a lattice structure 50, the mesh size of which is smaller than the width of the gap between the sheet metal ribs 46, 48. The thermal conductivity of the sheet metal fins 46, 48 is matched to the burner output by dimensioning and / or choice of material in such a way that its surface temperature is set at, for example, 600 ° C. A catalytic combustion takes place on the sheet metal fins 46, 48, in which the formation of pollutants is further reduced compared to an uncoated version.

Der Start des Brenners erfolgt in konventioneller Weise mit einer an den brennraumseitigen Enden der Blechrippen 46, 48 frei brennenden Flamme. Nach Erwärmung der Blechrippen 46, 48 auf die Betriebstemperatur der Katalysatorbeschichtung zieht sich die Flamme in den katalytisch wirksamen Bereich der Brennerplatte 44 zurück.The burner is started in a conventional manner with a flame burning freely at the ends of the sheet metal fins 46, 48 on the combustion chamber side. After the sheet metal fins 46, 48 have been heated to the operating temperature of the catalyst coating, the flame withdraws into the catalytically active region of the burner plate 44.

In Figur 5 ist eine Brennerplatte 52 mit ungleichlangen Stiften 54, 56 bestückt, die zwischen sich Kanäle 58 für den Durchtritt des Brennstoff-Luftgemisches und brennraumseitig breitere Zwischenräume 60 für die umfassende Berührung der Flammenwurzeln bilden. Die Stifte 54, 56 sind an einer Grundplatte 62 befestigt, die mit engen Zustrδmbohrungen 64 für das Brennstoff-Luftgemisch versehen ist und gleichzeitig eine wärmeleitende Verbindung zu einem Wasser führenden Rohrsystem 66 herstellt, das sich beispielsweise meanderfόrmig über die Fläche der Grundplatte 62 erstreckt.In FIG. 5, a burner plate 52 is equipped with pins 54, 56 of unequal length, which form channels 58 between them for the passage of the fuel-air mixture and wider spaces 60 on the combustion chamber side for extensive contact with the flame roots. Pins 54, 56 are on one Fixed base plate 62, which is provided with narrow inlet bores 64 for the fuel-air mixture and at the same time produces a heat-conducting connection to a water-carrying pipe system 66 which extends, for example, in a meandering manner over the surface of the base plate 62.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel nach den Figuren 6 und 7 unterscheidet sich vom vorbeschriebenen dadurch, daß eine Brennerplatte 68 aus der mit dem Rohrsystem 66 verbundenen Grundplatte 62 und einer daran befestigten Wabenstruktur 70 besteht. Diese ist aus sechseckigen, spaltlos aneinander anliegenden Einzelwaben 72 gebildet, in deren Hohlräume die Zuströmbohrungen 64 der Grundplatte 62 einmünden. Zur stärkeren Strukturierung der brennraumseitigen Wand der Brennerplatte 68 können, wie in den Figuren 6 und 7 rechts dargestellt ist, die Hohlräume der Einzelwaben 72 oder eines Teils der Einzelwaben 72 durch an der Grundplatte 62 befestigte, vorzugsweise ebenfalls wabenfδrmige Einsätze 74 verengt sein, die kürzer als die Einzelwaben 72 ausgeführt sind und eine Stufung der brennraumseitigen Wand der Brennerplatte bewirken. The embodiment according to FIGS. 6 and 7 differs from the one described above in that a burner plate 68 consists of the base plate 62 connected to the pipe system 66 and a honeycomb structure 70 attached to it. This is formed from hexagonal, non-gaping individual honeycombs 72, into the cavities of which the inflow holes 64 of the base plate 62 open. For greater structuring of the wall of the burner plate 68 on the combustion chamber side, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 on the right, the cavities of the individual honeycombs 72 or a part of the individual honeycombs 72 can be narrowed by shorter, preferably also honeycomb-shaped inserts 74 fastened to the base plate 62 than the individual honeycombs 72 are designed and cause a gradation of the wall of the burner plate on the combustion chamber side.

Claims

AnsprücheExpectations 1. Gasbrenner für Heizgeräte, insbesondere Wassererhitzer, mit einer Brennerplatte, die eine Vielzahl von Kanälen zum Durchtritt eines unter Gebläsedruck zugeführten Brennstoff-Luftgemisches hat, das sich an der Brennerplatte auf Entzündungstemperatur erhitzt und im Bereich der brennraumseitigen Mündungen der Kanäle unter Flammenbildung reagiert, und ferner mit Mitteln zum Kühlen der Brennerplatte und Begrenzen der Flammentemperatur auf Werte, bei denen die NOx-Emissionen des Brenners vorgegebene1.Gas burner for heating devices, in particular water heaters, with a burner plate which has a multiplicity of channels for the passage of a fuel / air mixture supplied under blower pressure, which heats up to ignition temperature at the burner plate and reacts in the region of the openings of the channels on the combustion chamber with the formation of flames, and further with means for cooling the burner plate and limiting the flame temperature to values at which the NO x emissions of the burner are predetermined Grenzen nicht überschreiten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die brennraumseitige Wand der Brennerplatte (24, 40, 44, 52, 68) so gestuft strukturiert ausgebildet ist, daß sich zwischen den an der Brennerplatte anliegenden Flammenwurzeln und den Mündungsrändern (32, 34) der Kanäle (30, 58) definierte Berührungsflächen (38) ergeben, die sich über die Scheitelbereiche der Flammenwurzeln hinweg auch gegen, beziehungsweise in deren Seitenbereiche erstrecken.Do not exceed limits, characterized in that the combustion chamber-side wall of the burner plate (24, 40, 44, 52, 68) is structured in a stepped manner in such a way that there is between the flame roots resting on the burner plate and the mouth edges (32, 34) of the channels ( 30, 58) result in defined contact surfaces (38) which also extend across the apex regions of the flame roots towards or in their side regions. 2. Gasbrenner nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Brennerplatte (24, 40, 44) aus Blechrippen (26, 28, 46, 48) aufgebaut ist, die durch ein vom wärmeableitenden Medium durchströmten Kühlrohrsystem (20) miteinander verbunden sind und zwischen sich die Kanäle beziehungsweise Spalte (30) für den Durchtritt des Brennstoff-Luftgemisches begrenzen. 3. Gasbrenner nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die brennraumseitigen Ränder (32) von bestimmten Blechrippen (28, 48) gegenüber den brennraumseitigen Rändern (34) der anderen Blechrippen (26, 46) zurückversetzt sind.2. Gas burner according to claim 1, characterized in that the burner plate (24, 40, 44) is constructed from sheet metal fins (26, 28, 46, 48) which are connected to one another by a cooling pipe system (20) through which the heat-dissipating medium flows and between the channels or gaps (30) for the passage of the fuel-air mixture are limited. 3. Gas burner according to claim 2, characterized in that the combustion chamber side edges (32) of certain sheet metal ribs (28, 48) with respect to the combustion chamber side edges (34) of the other sheet metal ribs (26, 46) are set back. 4. Gasbrenner nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeweils zwischen zwei nicht zurückversetzten Blechrippen (26, 46) zwei kürzere Blechrippen (28, 48) nebeneinanderliegend angeordnet sind.4. Gas burner according to claim 3, characterized in that between two non-recessed sheet metal ribs (26, 46) two shorter sheet metal ribs (28, 48) are arranged side by side. 5. Gasbrenner nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß an der Einstrδmseite der Brennerplatte (44, 52, 68) eine Gitterstruktur beziehungsweise ein Lochblech (50, 62) vorgesehen ist, deren Maschenweite beziehungsweise dessen Öffnungsdurchmesser kleiner als der Rippenabstand ist.5. Gas burner according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a lattice structure or a perforated plate (50, 62) is provided on the inflow side of the burner plate (44, 52, 68), the mesh size or the opening diameter of which is smaller than the rib spacing. 7. Gasbrenner nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Brennerplatte (68) aus einer warmen Struktur (70) und einer damit verbundenen Grundplatte (62) besteht, die mit dem wärmeableitenden Rohrsystem (66) verbunden und mit in die Kanäle der Wabenstruktur (70) einmündenden Zustrδmbohrungen (64) versehen ist.7. Gas burner according to claim 1, characterized in that the burner plate (68) consists of a warm structure (70) and an associated base plate (62) which is connected to the heat-dissipating pipe system (66) and in the channels of the honeycomb structure ( 70) flowing inlet bores (64) is provided. 8. Gasbrenner nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die brennraumseitige Wand der Wabenstruktur (70) durch verkürzte Einsätze (74) in deren Einzelwaben (72) gestuft ausgebildet ist.8. Gas burner according to claim 7, characterized in that the combustion chamber-side wall of the honeycomb structure (70) is formed in stages by shortened inserts (74) in the individual honeycombs (72). 9. Gasbrenner nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wände der Kanäle für das durchströmende Brennstoff-Luf gemisch mindestens im Bereich ihrer brennraumseitigen Endabschnitte katalytisch beschichtet sind. 10. Gasbrenner nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, das das mit der Brennerplatte (24, 40, 44, 52, 58) wärmeleitend verbundene Rohrsystem (20, 66) von aufzuheizendem Wasser als wärmeabführenden Medium durchströmt ist und daß Rohrsystem mit der Brennerplatte eine Wärmetauschereinheit für einen Wassererhitzer bildet. 9. Gas burner according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the walls of the channels for the fuel-air mixture flowing through are catalytically coated at least in the region of their end sections on the combustion chamber side. 10. Gas burner according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that with the burner plate (24, 40, 44, 52, 58) thermally conductively connected pipe system (20, 66) is flowed through by water to be heated as a heat-dissipating medium and that pipe system with the burner plate forms a heat exchanger unit for a water heater.
PCT/DE1995/001663 1994-12-20 1995-11-24 Gas burner for heaters,especially water heaters Ceased WO1996019698A1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CZ971898A CZ189897A3 (en) 1994-12-20 1995-11-24 Gas burner for heating equipment, particularly water heaters
EP95936980A EP0796412B1 (en) 1994-12-20 1995-11-24 Gas burner for heaters,especially water heaters
JP8519407A JPH10510912A (en) 1994-12-20 1995-11-24 Gas burners for heating devices, especially water heaters
DE59509357T DE59509357D1 (en) 1994-12-20 1995-11-24 GAS BURNER FOR HEATERS, IN PARTICULAR WATER HEATERS

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4445460A DE4445460A1 (en) 1994-12-20 1994-12-20 Gas burners for heating devices, in particular water heaters
DEP4445460.0 1994-12-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996019698A1 true WO1996019698A1 (en) 1996-06-27

Family

ID=6536379

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE1995/001663 Ceased WO1996019698A1 (en) 1994-12-20 1995-11-24 Gas burner for heaters,especially water heaters

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0796412B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH10510912A (en)
KR (1) KR980700540A (en)
CN (1) CN1171150A (en)
CZ (1) CZ189897A3 (en)
DE (2) DE4445460A1 (en)
RU (1) RU2150637C1 (en)
WO (1) WO1996019698A1 (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0881434A2 (en) 1997-05-31 1998-12-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Gas burner for heating devices, in particular water heaters
US20130330676A1 (en) * 2012-06-12 2013-12-12 Board of Regents of the Nevada System of Higher Education, on behalf of University of Nevada, Reno Burner

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE29611338U1 (en) * 1996-06-18 1997-10-16 Robert Bosch Gmbh, 70469 Stuttgart Gas burners for heating devices
DE19641040A1 (en) * 1996-10-04 1998-04-23 Bosch Gmbh Robert Atmospheric gas burner
DE19718885C2 (en) * 1997-05-03 2003-10-09 Bosch Gmbh Robert gas burner
DE10213132B4 (en) * 2002-03-23 2005-06-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh gas burner
KR101359551B1 (en) * 2012-08-16 2014-02-12 주식회사 경동나비엔 Premixed burner having cooling apparatus
WO2017003765A1 (en) * 2015-06-30 2017-01-05 Uop Llc Film temperature optimizer for fired process heaters

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4137905A (en) * 1972-04-17 1979-02-06 T. I. Domestic Appliances Limited Gaseous fuel burners
GB2194628A (en) * 1986-08-29 1988-03-09 Polidoro Aldo Gas burner heads
GB2223838A (en) * 1988-09-22 1990-04-18 Padley Dr Peter Joseph Boiler system
EP0404260A1 (en) * 1989-06-21 1990-12-27 Nefit Fasto B.V. Laminated burner structure
DE9109431U1 (en) * 1990-08-01 1991-09-19 Joh. Vaillant Gmbh U. Co, 5630 Remscheid boiler
EP0547641A1 (en) * 1991-12-16 1993-06-23 Dejatech B.V. Burner which may or may not be integrated into a heat exchanger
FR2714151A1 (en) * 1993-12-22 1995-06-23 Gaz De France Heat exchanger flame trap for gas boiler

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2531185B1 (en) * 1982-07-29 1987-07-24 Dupont S T DEVICE FOR ADJUSTING THE GAS FLOW OF A LIQUEFIED GAS LIGHTER
FR2621103A1 (en) * 1987-09-28 1989-03-31 Vaillant Sarl PREMIXED GAS BURNER WITH A PLATINUM COMPRISING A REFRACTORY MATERIAL

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4137905A (en) * 1972-04-17 1979-02-06 T. I. Domestic Appliances Limited Gaseous fuel burners
GB2194628A (en) * 1986-08-29 1988-03-09 Polidoro Aldo Gas burner heads
GB2223838A (en) * 1988-09-22 1990-04-18 Padley Dr Peter Joseph Boiler system
EP0404260A1 (en) * 1989-06-21 1990-12-27 Nefit Fasto B.V. Laminated burner structure
DE9109431U1 (en) * 1990-08-01 1991-09-19 Joh. Vaillant Gmbh U. Co, 5630 Remscheid boiler
EP0547641A1 (en) * 1991-12-16 1993-06-23 Dejatech B.V. Burner which may or may not be integrated into a heat exchanger
FR2714151A1 (en) * 1993-12-22 1995-06-23 Gaz De France Heat exchanger flame trap for gas boiler

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0881434A2 (en) 1997-05-31 1998-12-02 Robert Bosch Gmbh Gas burner for heating devices, in particular water heaters
EP0881434A3 (en) * 1997-05-31 1999-03-24 Robert Bosch Gmbh Gas burner for heating devices, in particular water heaters
US20130330676A1 (en) * 2012-06-12 2013-12-12 Board of Regents of the Nevada System of Higher Education, on behalf of University of Nevada, Reno Burner
US9976740B2 (en) * 2012-06-12 2018-05-22 Board of Regents of the Nevada Systems of Higher Educations, on Behalf of the University of Nevada, Reno Burner

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
RU2150637C1 (en) 2000-06-10
EP0796412A1 (en) 1997-09-24
CZ189897A3 (en) 1997-10-15
KR980700540A (en) 1998-03-30
DE59509357D1 (en) 2001-07-26
EP0796412B1 (en) 2001-06-20
DE4445460A1 (en) 1996-06-27
CN1171150A (en) 1998-01-21
JPH10510912A (en) 1998-10-20

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE69516948T2 (en) Gas burner with an improved diffuser
EP2467642B1 (en) Radiant burner
DE3780656T2 (en) BOILER.
DE60305277T2 (en) Efficient heat exchanger and combustion chamber arrangement for boiler and air heater
DE102010051414A1 (en) combustion process
WO2008061510A2 (en) Burner for a heater for the combustion of liquid or gaseous fuels and unit from a burner and a heat exchanger
EP0796412B1 (en) Gas burner for heaters,especially water heaters
DE10010762C2 (en) Atmospheric gas burner
EP1476696A1 (en) Infrared radiator embodied as a surface radiator
EP0865590B1 (en) Atmospheric-type burner
AT402847B (en) HEAT GENERATOR WITH A PARTLY CATALYTICALLY COATED METALIC HONEYCOMB REACTOR
DE19718885C2 (en) gas burner
DE19713407A1 (en) Atmospheric gas burner
WO1995023319A2 (en) Liquid-fuel-fired vehicle heater
DE4445461A1 (en) Heater with burner head for heating piping systems and which
DE29504255U1 (en) Heater, especially for water heaters
EP0814303A2 (en) Gas burner for heating appliances
EP0744010B1 (en) Heater
DE1301416B (en) Burner designed as an infrared heater
EP0343323B1 (en) Air heater
AT404504B (en) FULLY PRE-MIXING FAN-SUPPORTED CATALYTIC HEAT GENERATOR
DE19845356A1 (en) Atmospheric, water-cooled gas burner
AT401566B (en) HEATING DEVICE
DE19508908A1 (en) Heating device, esp. for water heater
DE19724819A1 (en) Total premix blower-assisted catalyst-coated heater

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 95196975.7

Country of ref document: CN

AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): CN CZ JP KR RU

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE

DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 1995936980

Country of ref document: EP

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: PV1997-1898

Country of ref document: CZ

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 1019970704116

Country of ref document: KR

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 1995936980

Country of ref document: EP

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: PV1997-1898

Country of ref document: CZ

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 1019970704116

Country of ref document: KR

WWG Wipo information: grant in national office

Ref document number: 1995936980

Country of ref document: EP

WWR Wipo information: refused in national office

Ref document number: PV1997-1898

Country of ref document: CZ

WWG Wipo information: grant in national office

Ref document number: 1019970704116

Country of ref document: KR