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WO1996014475A1 - Procede et dispositif de creusement de fondations profondes - Google Patents

Procede et dispositif de creusement de fondations profondes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996014475A1
WO1996014475A1 PCT/IB1995/000935 IB9500935W WO9614475A1 WO 1996014475 A1 WO1996014475 A1 WO 1996014475A1 IB 9500935 W IB9500935 W IB 9500935W WO 9614475 A1 WO9614475 A1 WO 9614475A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
concrete
separating element
sludge
opening
cavity
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/IB1995/000935
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jean Samuel Ngoumtsa Atisage
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AU36718/95A priority Critical patent/AU3671895A/en
Priority to EP95934258A priority patent/EP0791110A1/fr
Publication of WO1996014475A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996014475A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/12—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil
    • E02D3/126—Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil and mixing by rotating blades
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/10—Deep foundations
    • E02D27/12—Pile foundations
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/18—Bulkheads or similar walls made solely of concrete in situ
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/22—Piles
    • E02D5/50—Piles comprising both precast concrete portions and concrete portions cast in situ

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an apparatus and a method for producing deep foundations, such as pile foundations, diaphragm walls or foundations, using prefabricated parts.
  • the device consists of a driven milling device with at least one milling head and means for removing the milled earth from the cavity and for supporting the cavity walls.
  • the supporting liquid must have such a density that the stability of the cavity walls is guaranteed.
  • the stability of the support fluid must be ensured over a certain period of time so that there is no reduction in density within the necessary downtimes in the construction process.
  • the support liquid must have a consistency such that it is completely is pushing.
  • a method for the production of cased drilling piles is also known, a drilling pipe being introduced into the ground and the soil being simultaneously cleared out of the borehole. After concreting, the drill pipe is pulled out of the ground.
  • the steel tube can also remain in the ground if it is to be used, for example, for the establishment of a foundation in the river area.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of developing a device and an associated method for producing deep foundations, with which or with which any possible implementation of deep foundations can be produced in a technologically simple manner and with a minimal expenditure of time, and mixing is largely prevented by soil and concrete.
  • the cavity walls should be supported inexpensively and yet with the greatest possible security.
  • the object is achieved in that a separating element is arranged on the device and that further devices are designed or arranged on the separating element and / or the device in such a way that the device both for milling out the cavity and for subsequently filling the cavity concrete bodies remaining in the ground can be used and that milled soil mixed with water is used as a means for supporting the cavity.
  • the device according to the invention uses already existing support liquid, namely earth sludge, to support the cavity walls, so that an additional introduction of other support liquids is not necessary. Furthermore, the device not only serves to mill out the cavity, but with the same device it is also possible to support the cavity walls during the milling process and during the subsequent concreting process. Likewise, the same device can be used to fill the cavity with concrete while ensuring the required quality.
  • support liquid namely earth sludge
  • the separating element is arranged directly above the milling head or milling heads of the milling device and has a cross section such that it projects beyond the overall cross section of the milling head or milling heads.
  • the separating element is box-shaped or cylindrical and has at least one lower separating disc, in which openings equipped with controlled locking elements are arranged, which serve both for the supply and the removal of material into or from the space below the separating element .
  • further devices are arranged on the milling device and / or the separating element, which serve to transport the materials to be supplied or removed.
  • the arrangement and design of the separating element ensures that the cavity walls are properly supported first and at the same time earth sludge and concrete are separated from one another without mixing.
  • the invention provides that the separating element has a concrete opening to which a concrete pump is connected, a water opening which is connected to a water pump, a sludge opening for discharging the soil sludge from the milling area into the area above the separating element and additionally has a flushing opening for flushing out the residual sludge after the end depth of the device has been reached. Since all openings can be opened or closed alternately or simultaneously via control devices, different method steps can be implemented during the manufacture of the deep foundation by means of this arrangement. The following states can be set:
  • the device can be secured against vertical displacement by means of securing elements that are laterally clamped between the cavity walls.
  • both the final depth of the foundation can be fixed and, if necessary, a vertical displacement of the device from the cavity can be interrupted or prevented during the concreting phase.
  • the side walls of the separating element have such a shape and are designed such that the cross section of the cavity corresponds to the outer circumference of the separating element.
  • the separating element its side walls protrude beyond the lower separating disc and are formed with sharp bevels inward in this area below the separating disc. This ensures that the earth within the separating element cross section, which is not reached by the milling heads due to its smaller overall cross section, is sheared off and that the cavity has almost exactly the cross section of the separating element. This prevents concrete and earth sludge from mixing, particularly during the return phase.
  • the task according to the invention is achieved on the process side by first milling the earth and mixing it with water that is pumped through the released water opening into the area below the separating element, that the device is continuously sunk into the ground and at the same time that the formed Sludge is displaced through the released sludge opening into the space above the separating element and fills the cavity, that after reaching the final depth the sludge and water opening are blocked and concrete is pumped through the simultaneously opened concrete opening into the space below the separating element. that the pumped-in concrete moves the device continuously upwards and completely fills the cavity below the separating element.
  • the process sequence according to the invention mainly consists of two phases:
  • state 1 is set using the milling device loosened soil and water (and possibly scavenging air) that is led through the water opening into the space below the separating element.
  • the device is continuously lowered into the ground by the device's own weight or by shaking.
  • the sludge forming below the separating element is displaced through the released sludge opening through this into the space above the separating element. As already described, this displaced sludge is used to support the earth walls of the cavity.
  • the second phase can be initiated.
  • the device is changed from state 1 to state 2, so that concrete is now pressed through the released concrete opening into the space below the separating element.
  • the device is pushed up out of the cavity and the cavity is filled with concrete.
  • An advantageous further development of the method according to the invention provides that an additional pressing of the concrete, in particular in the area of the foot of the concrete body, takes place during the concreting and return phase of the device in that securing elements secure the device laterally against vertical displacement.
  • This process step which can be carried out independently of other process steps depending on requirements and local conditions, also serves to increase the quality of the concrete.
  • the device is set from state 1 to state 3, that is, concrete is passed through the concrete opening into the space below the separating element, which due to its higher density at least partially displaces the sludge through the sludge opening. If the space below the separating element is completely filled with concrete, the device is switched from state 3 to state 2. As described, the foot pressing can take place with simultaneous concreting, or the actual concreting process is initiated.
  • residual sludge can be removed from the space below the separating element immediately before the concreting process in the end position of the device by blocking the concrete opening and the sludge opening so that water can water supply continuously and for as long, sludge is stirred with the aid of the milling device and this is removed through the flushing opening until only sludge-free water is present below the separating element.
  • This second independent process step can be carried out after the first phase by changing the device from state 1 to state 4, that is to say water is now supplied through the water opening, the sludge below the separating element, and through the milling device which is still working is formed, is pumped out through the rinsing opening until only mud-free water is present in the cavity below the separating element.
  • the device is then switched from state 4 to state 5, that is to say concrete is supplied through the concrete opening until the water has been completely displaced or pumped out of the cavity below the separating element through the cleared flushing opening.
  • the device can then be changed from state 5 to state 2 and, as described, the foot pressing or simultaneous concreting can take place.
  • the foot pressing with which a low-settlement foundation and a higher load-bearing capacity is achieved, does not have to be carried out subsequently, as is the case with conventional methods. Since the sludge has a higher density in comparison with a normally used supporting liquid and can therefore exert a greater pressure, the stability of the earth walls of the cavity is not jeopardized at any time during the manufacture of the deep foundation. This increases 9 the reliability in the manufacture of deep foundations.
  • the device is secured against vertical displacement during and to support the rinsing phase. This prevents inadvertent deep milling.
  • prefabricated reinforced concrete parts can be introduced into the milled cavity, the lower part of which is filled with concrete and the upper end of which is filled with earth sludge, that the reinforced concrete parts have a different transverse than the milled cavity Have cut, so that openings are formed when sinking the reinforced concrete parts into the cavity, through which both sludge and concrete is displaced and that the openings can then be filled with concrete if necessary.
  • the method according to the invention also proves to be advantageous when prefabricated reinforced concrete parts are used for the production of deep foundations, since the production of the deep foundation can be carried out without additional effort, such as, for example, remaining steel pipes in the subsurface.
  • the cavity is not completely, but only partially filled with concrete.
  • the upper part of the cavity remains supported with mud.
  • Precast reinforced concrete parts, the cross section of which has a different shape than the cross section of the cavity, are sunk into this cavity.
  • the sludge is first displaced through the openings formed by different shapes, and concrete is pressed into the openings. If necessary, the openings can then be completely filled with concrete.
  • FIG. 1 shows a basic sectional view of the device according to the invention for producing a pile foundation
  • FIG. 2 shows the device according to FIG. 1 according to section B / B
  • FIG. 3 shows the device according to FIG. 1 according to section C / C
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating the lowering process of the device into the ground
  • FIG. 6 shows a schematic diagram to illustrate the device with the state 4 set
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the device with the set state 2, including pressing the foot of the concrete body,
  • FIG. 9 shows a further embodiment of the device according to the invention for producing a diaphragm wall in a sectional view
  • FIG. 11 shows a schematic diagram to illustrate a finished diaphragm wall
  • 12 shows a basic illustration to illustrate the opening between the reinforced concrete part and the borehole
  • 13 shows a cross section through a deep foundation after inserting a reinforced concrete part
  • Fig. 14 is a sectional view illustrating the deep foundation before inserting a reinforced concrete part
  • Fig. 15 the deep foundation with inserted reinforced concrete part as a sectional view.
  • FIGS. A device according to the invention, which is provided for the manufacture of pile foundations, is shown in more detail in FIGS. It consists of a frame 1, which is made of hollow steel profile, in which all the necessary supply and discharge pipes are arranged and at the lower end of which a separating element 2 and a milling device 3 with milling heads 4 arranged therein are fastened.
  • the separating element 2 has a circular cross section and consists of a cylindrical part 5 and the actual tennis disc 6, which is inserted into the lower end of the cylindrical part 5.
  • the side walls of the cylindrical part 5 protrude beyond the cutting disc 6 and are sharply bevelled in this part.
  • the separating element 2 thus additionally assumes the function of detaching earth when the device penetrates the ground.
  • the milling device 3 is driven by means of a hydraulic motor 7.
  • the cutting disc 6 of the separating element 2 is equipped with four openings, a concrete opening 8, a water opening 9, a mud opening 10 and a rinsing opening 11.
  • the concrete opening 8 is connected via a concrete pipe 12 to a concrete pump (not shown in the drawing) and the water opening 9 is connected via a water pipe 13 to a water pump, which is also not shown in the drawing.
  • Concrete 14 is pumped through the concrete opening 8 into the space below the separating element 2.
  • the water opening 9 is required when sludge 15 is formed or when the sludge is to be rinsed out of the cavity below the separating element 2.
  • the sludge opening 10 serves to remove the sludge 15 from the To convey space below the separating element 2 in the cavity above, in order to support the cavity walls there.
  • the flushing opening 11 has the task, if necessary, of flushing the sludge 15 located below the separating element 2 out of the cavity immediately before the concreting process.
  • the operation of the rinsing opening 11
  • the concrete opening 8 has a locking element, which consists of a piston 16, which is arranged in a tube 17 and is controlled by a hydraulic cylinder 18.
  • the remaining openings 9, 10, 11 are also equipped with locking elements, each consisting of a rotary valve 19, which are controlled by a hydraulic motor, not shown in the drawing.
  • the guide elements for holding and securing against vertical displacement of the device in the cavity consists of pressure plates 20, each of which cooperate with a working cylinder 21 and a pressure rod 22 and hold the device in its vertical position as required.
  • the securing elements are attached to the frame 1 of the device.
  • FIGS. 5 to 8 Different production phases of a pile foundation are shown in FIGS. 5 to 8.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates state 1, that is to say the production of the cavity or the sinking of the device in the floor. The entire process proceeds as described above.
  • the excess sludge 15 which is not required in the cavity above the separating element 2 is pumped out by means of an additionally arranged device 23.
  • the device is set to state 4.
  • the sludge 15 is rinsed in the cavity below the separating element 2 in that water is continuously supplied through the water opening 9, the sludge 15 is stirred by means of the milling head 4 and is removed through the rinsing tube 25 with the aid of the rinsing pump 24 until there is only sludge-free water 26 below the separating element 2.
  • the device is then set to state 5 and the sludge-free water 26 is displaced by adding concrete 14.
  • Figure 7 illustrates a pile-foot pressing.
  • the device is in state 2 and is secured in the cavity against vertical displacement.
  • the piston 16 With the piston 16, the concrete 14 located in the pipe 17 is pressed together and pressed into the space, which is largely filled with concrete 14, below the separating element 2.
  • the entire concrete mass 14, which is located in the foot region of the pile foundation, is thus compacted.
  • FIG. 8 shows the second phase of the production of the deep foundation, that is, the actual concreting process. After concreting has been carried out, if necessary, a reinforcement cage, which is not shown in the drawing, can be shaken into the not yet hardened concrete 14.
  • Figures 9 to 11 show a further embodiment of a device according to the invention, which is provided for the production of a diaphragm wall.
  • the essential parts of the device have the same structure as the device for producing a pile foundation.
  • the separating element 27 then consists of a box-shaped part 28, into which, as stated in the first exemplary embodiment, the separating disc 29 is inserted.
  • the box-shaped design of the separating element 27 determines the size and shape of the cavity to be introduced. Otherwise, the structure and the mode of operation of the separating element 27 correspond to that of the separating element 2.
  • the shape of the diaphragm wall is shown in FIG.
  • the milling device 3 is equipped with a plurality of milling heads 4 arranged in steps, as shown in particular in FIG.
  • FIG. 9 does not show the securing elements against vertical displacement and the flushing opening 11.
  • FIGS. 12 to 14 show a further area of application for the device according to the invention and the associated method.
  • the principle sketches show the creation of a foundation for a bridge pier in the river area. It can be seen from FIGS. 12 and 13 that the cavity to be introduced into the floor has a different cross-sectional shape than the cross-section of the precast reinforced concrete part 30.
  • FIGS. 14 and 15 illustrate the introduction of a precast reinforced concrete part 30 into the prepared cavity.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé et un dispositif de creusement de fondations profondes, telles que des fondations de pilotis, de rideaux souterrains ou d'autres fondations avec des pièces préfabriquées. Le dispositif comprend une fraise à moteur avec au moins une tête de fraisage et des éléments pour évacuer de la terre excavée hors de la cavité et pour soutenir les parois de la cavité. L'objet de l'invention est de créer un procédé et un dispositif qui permettent de creuser des fondations profondes par une technique simple et dans un temps minimal. A cet effet, le dispositif comprend un élément de séparation (2, 27) et d'autres organes montés sur le dispositif ou sur l'élément de séparation (2, 27) qui permettent d'utiliser le dispositif aussi bien pour excaver la cavité que pour remplir par la suite le corps en béton encastré dans le sol, et d'utiliser la boue excavée comme milieu de soutien de la cavité.
PCT/IB1995/000935 1994-11-08 1995-10-18 Procede et dispositif de creusement de fondations profondes Ceased WO1996014475A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU36718/95A AU3671895A (en) 1994-11-08 1995-10-18 Process and device for laying deep foundations
EP95934258A EP0791110A1 (fr) 1994-11-08 1995-10-18 Procede et dispositif de creusement de fondations profondes

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP4441335.1 1994-11-08
DE19944441335 DE4441335A1 (de) 1994-11-08 1994-11-08 Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung von Tiefgründung

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996014475A1 true WO1996014475A1 (fr) 1996-05-17

Family

ID=6533726

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB1995/000935 Ceased WO1996014475A1 (fr) 1994-11-08 1995-10-18 Procede et dispositif de creusement de fondations profondes

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0791110A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU3671895A (fr)
DE (1) DE4441335A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1996014475A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE10117111A1 (de) * 2001-04-06 2002-10-10 Joachim Falkenhagen Ring-Großbohrpfahl
CN105672294A (zh) * 2016-03-04 2016-06-15 韩希鹏 正六边形桩与h桩接合装置

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3429129A (en) * 1966-07-15 1969-02-25 Jan Erik Johansson Method for producing foundations for columns and the like
DE1634862A1 (de) * 1966-11-09 1971-09-02 Tone Boring Co Ausheben von Graeben fuer in die Erde zu verlegende Mauern
DE2558202A1 (de) * 1974-12-24 1976-09-16 Ve Wohnungsbaukombinat Erfurt Verfahren zur gruendung von wohnungs- und typisierten gesellschaftsbauten, insbesondere in der plattenbauweise mittels schlitzpfeiler
US4180350A (en) * 1978-03-30 1979-12-25 Early California Industries, Inc. Method for forming foundation piers
DE3133709A1 (de) * 1980-09-30 1982-04-15 Délmagyarországi Magas- és Mélyépitö Vállalat, 6701 Szeged Verfahren und einrichtung zur herstellung eines beton-fundamentkoerpers im erd-boden
GB2258680A (en) * 1991-08-10 1993-02-17 Roxbury Ltd Forming a pile

Family Cites Families (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2162108A (en) * 1939-06-13 Method for forming concrete
US2140111A (en) * 1932-03-12 1938-12-13 William J Newman Method and apparatus for forming concrete foundation columns
DE3416679A1 (de) * 1984-05-05 1985-11-14 Gkn Keller Gmbh, 6050 Offenbach Verfahren und vorrichtung zum herstellen von gruendungen durch einbinden von fertigteilen, insbesondere von stuetzen, im ortfuss
DE3626665A1 (de) * 1986-08-07 1988-02-11 Bauer Spezialtiefbau Verfahren zum suspensionsaustausch bei der herstellung einer schuerzwand und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens
DE3644793A1 (de) * 1986-12-31 1988-07-14 Gkn Keller Gmbh Verfahren zum herstellen einer gruendung durch einbinden eines fertigteils, insbesondere einer stuetze, in einen ortfuss
DE3735170A1 (de) * 1987-10-14 1989-05-03 Beton Und Tiefbau Mast Hermann Verfahren zur herstellung von pfahlgruendungen
DE3821566C1 (en) * 1988-06-25 1990-01-04 Hochtief Ag Vorm. Gebr. Helfmann, 4300 Essen, De Method and apparatus for exchanging a supporting liquid by an exchange mass
DE3905463A1 (de) * 1989-02-22 1990-08-30 Bauer Spezialtiefbau Verfahren und vorrichtung zur erstellung von zwei-phasen-dichtwaenden
DE4008207A1 (de) * 1990-03-15 1990-08-23 Bilfinger Berger Bau Verfahren zur herstellung einer dichtwand

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3429129A (en) * 1966-07-15 1969-02-25 Jan Erik Johansson Method for producing foundations for columns and the like
DE1634862A1 (de) * 1966-11-09 1971-09-02 Tone Boring Co Ausheben von Graeben fuer in die Erde zu verlegende Mauern
DE2558202A1 (de) * 1974-12-24 1976-09-16 Ve Wohnungsbaukombinat Erfurt Verfahren zur gruendung von wohnungs- und typisierten gesellschaftsbauten, insbesondere in der plattenbauweise mittels schlitzpfeiler
US4180350A (en) * 1978-03-30 1979-12-25 Early California Industries, Inc. Method for forming foundation piers
DE3133709A1 (de) * 1980-09-30 1982-04-15 Délmagyarországi Magas- és Mélyépitö Vállalat, 6701 Szeged Verfahren und einrichtung zur herstellung eines beton-fundamentkoerpers im erd-boden
GB2258680A (en) * 1991-08-10 1993-02-17 Roxbury Ltd Forming a pile

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4441335A1 (de) 1996-05-09
EP0791110A1 (fr) 1997-08-27
AU3671895A (en) 1996-05-31

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