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WO1996011997A1 - Additifs permettant d'ameliorer la qualite du carburant dans les moteurs a explosion a piston a mouvement alternatif - Google Patents

Additifs permettant d'ameliorer la qualite du carburant dans les moteurs a explosion a piston a mouvement alternatif Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1996011997A1
WO1996011997A1 PCT/IT1995/000166 IT9500166W WO9611997A1 WO 1996011997 A1 WO1996011997 A1 WO 1996011997A1 IT 9500166 W IT9500166 W IT 9500166W WO 9611997 A1 WO9611997 A1 WO 9611997A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
iron
cobalt
chrome
aluminium
additives
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IT1995/000166
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Piergiorgio Marcon
Original Assignee
Piergiorgio Marcon
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Piergiorgio Marcon filed Critical Piergiorgio Marcon
Priority to AU37089/95A priority Critical patent/AU3708995A/en
Priority to EP95934819A priority patent/EP0870004A1/fr
Publication of WO1996011997A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996011997A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G47/00—Cracking of hydrocarbon oils, in the presence of hydrogen or hydrogen- generating compounds, to obtain lower boiling fractions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/30—Organic compounds compounds not mentioned before (complexes)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
    • C10L10/02—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes for reducing smoke development
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
    • C10L1/1233—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/12—Inorganic compounds
    • C10L1/1233—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof
    • C10L1/125—Inorganic compounds oxygen containing compounds, e.g. oxides, hydroxides, acids and salts thereof water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/182—Organic compounds containing oxygen containing hydroxy groups; Salts thereof
    • C10L1/1828—Salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/18—Organic compounds containing oxygen
    • C10L1/188—Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/30—Organic compounds compounds not mentioned before (complexes)
    • C10L1/305—Organic compounds compounds not mentioned before (complexes) organo-metallic compounds (containing a metal to carbon bond)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G OR C10K; LIQUIFIED PETROLEUM GAS; USE OF ADDITIVES TO FUELS OR FIRES; FIRE-LIGHTERS
    • C10L1/00—Liquid carbonaceous fuels
    • C10L1/10—Liquid carbonaceous fuels containing additives
    • C10L1/14—Organic compounds
    • C10L1/30—Organic compounds compounds not mentioned before (complexes)
    • C10L1/305—Organic compounds compounds not mentioned before (complexes) organo-metallic compounds (containing a metal to carbon bond)
    • C10L1/306—Organic compounds compounds not mentioned before (complexes) organo-metallic compounds (containing a metal to carbon bond) organo Pb compounds

Definitions

  • piston engines both ignition and diesel
  • combustion Under the broad term of combustion there are actually many chemical reactions that occur and overlap, discharging energy in a way that is apparently chaotic but in fact conditioned by temperature, pressure, the state of the matter, type of fuel, quantity of comburent and, last but not least, the possible presence of positive and negative catalysts.
  • Combustion is not always perfect, however, and engines tend to detonate and to discharge unburnt gases. Many improvements have been achieved in recent years in engine studies as well as in chemistry, additives, fuels and afterburning catalysis in order to solve these shortcomings.
  • metallorganic compounds lead, manganese, etc.
  • these compounds reduce the combustion speed in the combustion chamber.
  • the present state of technical knowledge includes a catalysed chemical process for use in reciprocating internal combustion engines to improve fuel quality, filed as an Italian Patent Application by the applicant for the present Patent on July 4th 1994 with Report No. TS94A000007.
  • the aforementioned Patent application describes a catalysed chemical process consisting in a particular fixed-bed hydrogenating catalytic cracking process by means of solid-gas surface catalysis taking place within the combustion chamber during the normal running of the engine.
  • This process transforms high-boiiing hydrocarbons into low-boiling hydrocarbons with a consequent increase in the octane number.
  • the pressure increase caused by the combustion itself is exploited to split the hydrocarbon molecules. Without the catalysts described in the Patent Application the combustion would cause a detonation.
  • This cracking process uses as a support for the catalysts the carbon deposits usually found in the combustion chamber and on the inner walls of exhaust pipes.
  • the catalysts used consist of spinel structured double or mixed metal oxides derived from the thermic decomposition of metallorganic compounds added to fuel. These oxides perform the dual function of promoting low- temperature hydrogenating catalytic cracking and acting as combustion catalysts at high temperature. Both these conditions occur in the combustion chamber at every explosion - low temperature at the beginning of mixture ignition, high temperature as combustion progresses. A part of the oxides, leaving the cylinder together with the exhaust gases, permeates the deposits covering the inner walls of the exhaust pipes, transforming the deposits into a catalytic discharge which further reduces the quantity of unburnt gases.
  • the precursors of "process catalysts” are metallorganic compounds which on thermic decomposition form spinel-structured double and mixed oxides of iron, cobalt and nickel. Disclosure of Invention
  • the purpose of the present invention is to make available to consumers a further series of catalyzers able to exploit the chemical process described in the aforementioned Patent Application No. TS94A000007.
  • Another purpose is to improve fuel at the moment of combustion, reducing detonation and catalyzing the complete combustion to CO2 and H2O.
  • additives are made up of metal salts in solution or metallorganic compounds that, with the high pressures and temperatures developed in the combustion chamber while the engine is running, through pyrolysis form ionic solids with the hexahoctahedric spinel structure, inverted spinel or disordered spinel structures formed by the double or mixed oxides of the various metals.
  • metals are introduced into the combustion chamber in the form of fuel-soluble metallorganic compounds or salts of the various metals in aqueous solution, in the latter case introduced together with the induction air by means of a nebulizer.
  • Metallorganic compounds are preferable, however.
  • Each group of metals in the list has its own catalytic properties, but it is possible to mix groups together to obtain compromises between the various reactions.
  • the quantities of metals contained in the fuel additives vary from 0.5 to 10 grammes per 1 ,000 litres of fuel.
  • the attributes of the catalyzers used are:
  • the catalyzers in question have the characteristic of not being poisoned by the presence of water vapour, nitrogen, sulphur, calcium, sodium, potassium, etc. Indeed, these substances seem to facilitate the reactions of the process.
  • the catalyzers are also able to promote the cracking of the hydrocarbons inside the combustion chamber, catalyze the hydrogenation of the olefines (alkenes) produced by the cracking at the expense of the humidity of the comburent air, which is used as H-OH ions, and facilitate the complete combustion of fuel and comburent to CO2 and H2O.
  • TS94A000007 exploits the coked carbon deposits covering the inside of the combustion chamber (piston head and crown) and the inside of the exhaust pipes. These deposits have a micropore structure with a high specific surface, which makes them an ideal support for "process catalysts".
  • the metal oxides derived from the additives in question are thrown and pressed on to the deposits, penetrate the pores and, since the deposits are almost incandescent, some oxides form a chemical bond with the carbon in the deposits, settling there permanently. The result is a catalytic bed able to promote heterogenous-phase solid/gas reactions.
  • the engine is more responsive and flexible if the temperature in the cooling system is 10-15 degrees lower than the running temperature;
  • the stoichiometric fuel-air ratio is modified, the mixture is richer, especially when the engine is cold (only for engines with carburettors); 9) in petrol engines the average running temperature is lower, which allows the fitting of hotter sparking plugs;

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)
  • Combustion Methods Of Internal-Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

Additifs trouvant application dans le domaine des carburants et des moteurs à explosion à piston. Ces additifs sont constitués de composés organométalliques ou de solutions de sels métalliques, lesquels se transforment, par décomposition thermique au cours du fonctionnement normal du moteur, en solides ioniques ayant la structure hexaoctaédrique du spinelle, celle du spinelle inversé ou les structures désordonnées du spinelle ou du grenat. Lesdits additifs facilitent un type particulier de craquage catalytique à hydrogénation par catalyse de surface solide-gaz à l'intérieur de la chambre de combustion au cours du fonctionnement normal du moteur. Ces solides ioniques ont la fonction double de favoriser le craquage catalytique à hydrogénation aux basses températures, et de faire office de catalyseurs de combustion aux températures élevées, ces deux conditions prévalant dans la chambre de combustion à chaque explosion.
PCT/IT1995/000166 1994-10-18 1995-10-12 Additifs permettant d'ameliorer la qualite du carburant dans les moteurs a explosion a piston a mouvement alternatif WO1996011997A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU37089/95A AU3708995A (en) 1994-10-18 1995-10-12 Additives designed to improve fuel quality in reciprocating internal combustion engines
EP95934819A EP0870004A1 (fr) 1994-10-18 1995-10-12 Additifs permettant d'ameliorer la qualite du carburant dans les moteurs a explosion a piston a mouvement alternatif

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ITTS94A000011 1994-10-18
IT94TS000011A IT1278453B1 (it) 1994-10-18 1994-10-18 Additivi atti a migliorare la qualita' del carburante nei motori a combustione interna alternativi mediante processo chimico

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996011997A1 true WO1996011997A1 (fr) 1996-04-25

Family

ID=11418622

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IT1995/000166 WO1996011997A1 (fr) 1994-10-18 1995-10-12 Additifs permettant d'ameliorer la qualite du carburant dans les moteurs a explosion a piston a mouvement alternatif

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0870004A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU3708995A (fr)
IT (1) IT1278453B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1996011997A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999036488A1 (fr) * 1998-01-15 1999-07-22 The Associated Octel Company Limited Additifs pour carburant
EP1277827A1 (fr) * 2001-07-11 2003-01-22 SFA International, Inc. Méthode de réduction de fumée et de particules émises lors du fonctionnement avec des combustibles pétroliers liquides, de moteurs alternatifs à allumage par compression
EP1970429A3 (fr) * 2007-03-16 2009-01-21 Afton Chemical Corporation Fourniture de tungstène à un système de combustion ou flux d'échappement d'un système de combustion contenant du fer

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2502307A1 (de) * 1974-01-21 1975-07-31 Syntex Inc Neue fluessige kraftstoffmischungen bzw. -praeparate und deren verwendung
WO1981002307A1 (fr) * 1980-02-04 1981-08-20 Oestergren J Agent d'augmentation de l'indice d'octane de l'essence et procede de preparation de l'agent
WO1988006680A1 (fr) * 1987-02-28 1988-09-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dispositif d'allumage a temperature reduite d'allumage
US4908045A (en) * 1988-12-23 1990-03-13 Velino Ventures, Inc. Engine cleaning additives for diesel fuel

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2502307A1 (de) * 1974-01-21 1975-07-31 Syntex Inc Neue fluessige kraftstoffmischungen bzw. -praeparate und deren verwendung
WO1981002307A1 (fr) * 1980-02-04 1981-08-20 Oestergren J Agent d'augmentation de l'indice d'octane de l'essence et procede de preparation de l'agent
WO1988006680A1 (fr) * 1987-02-28 1988-09-07 Robert Bosch Gmbh Dispositif d'allumage a temperature reduite d'allumage
US4908045A (en) * 1988-12-23 1990-03-13 Velino Ventures, Inc. Engine cleaning additives for diesel fuel

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999036488A1 (fr) * 1998-01-15 1999-07-22 The Associated Octel Company Limited Additifs pour carburant
AU752708B2 (en) * 1998-01-15 2002-09-26 Innospec Limited Fuel additives
US6488725B1 (en) 1998-01-15 2002-12-03 The Associated Octel Company Limited Fuel additives
EP1277827A1 (fr) * 2001-07-11 2003-01-22 SFA International, Inc. Méthode de réduction de fumée et de particules émises lors du fonctionnement avec des combustibles pétroliers liquides, de moteurs alternatifs à allumage par compression
WO2003006587A1 (fr) * 2001-07-11 2003-01-23 Sfa International, Inc. Procede destine a reduire les emissions de fumee et de particules dans des moteurs alternatifs a combustion par compression fonctionnant avec du carburant a base de petrole liquide
CN100354395C (zh) * 2001-07-11 2007-12-12 Sfa国际公司 减少压燃往复式发动机的烟和颗粒排放物的方法
EP1970429A3 (fr) * 2007-03-16 2009-01-21 Afton Chemical Corporation Fourniture de tungstène à un système de combustion ou flux d'échappement d'un système de combustion contenant du fer
US7794512B2 (en) 2007-03-16 2010-09-14 Afton Chemical Corporation Supplying tungsten to a combustion system or combustion system exhaust stream containing iron

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0870004A1 (fr) 1998-10-14
ITTS940011A1 (it) 1996-04-18
IT1278453B1 (it) 1997-11-20
AU3708995A (en) 1996-05-06
ITTS940011A0 (it) 1994-10-18

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