[go: up one dir, main page]

WO1996011892A1 - Procede et appareil de transformation de dechets en compost - Google Patents

Procede et appareil de transformation de dechets en compost Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1996011892A1
WO1996011892A1 PCT/FI1994/000467 FI9400467W WO9611892A1 WO 1996011892 A1 WO1996011892 A1 WO 1996011892A1 FI 9400467 W FI9400467 W FI 9400467W WO 9611892 A1 WO9611892 A1 WO 9611892A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
scoop
scoops
composting
mass
waste
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/FI1994/000467
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Raimo Kalevi Flink
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to FI942825A priority Critical patent/FI95237C/fi
Priority claimed from FI942825A external-priority patent/FI95237C/fi
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to PCT/FI1994/000467 priority patent/WO1996011892A1/fr
Priority to DK94929569T priority patent/DK0796231T3/da
Priority to DE69418350T priority patent/DE69418350T2/de
Priority to EP94929569A priority patent/EP0796231B1/fr
Publication of WO1996011892A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996011892A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/90—Apparatus therefor
    • C05F17/921—Devices in which the material is conveyed essentially horizontally between inlet and discharge means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/141—Feedstock
    • Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and apparatus for treatment of organic waste and applicable, as a small unit, to composting of household waste of residential blocks and,. as a larger unit, to cetralized composting of all kinds of institutional household waste, refinery, agricultural and industrial waste.
  • thermophile stage takes a few weeks, whereafter the temperature of the mass fails slowly within two months to the level of the ambient temperature.
  • a scoop composting device Used on farms, a scoop composting device replaces the costly dry or liquid manure pit.
  • a scoop composting device needs no electricity, since all jobs are carried out with a tractor. This is an advantage increasing the operational safety.
  • a scoop composting device is more simple and cheaper than for instance a drum composting device of same capacity.
  • a scoop composting device is more safe to operate mecahnically, since it has no roll conveyr or similar devices made of parts easily broken by foreign particles.
  • a scoop composting device can be placed on the ground and so no expensive field for the composting device is needed. Furthermore, the process can be easily automated upon need.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic sectional side view of the composting device
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the composting device from above.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic sectional side view of a household waste composting device in a residential block.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic view from the filling end of the composting device on a farm.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic and sectional side view the essential constructions of the composting device.
  • Frame 1 of the composting device is made, for instance, of steel beams.
  • the scoop (A,B%) has a front plate 2a, a rear plate 2b, and end plates 2c and 2d. Scoop filling and emptylng from the upper side, that's why the scoop top is open.
  • An axle 3 is fastened with bearings to the upper part of rear plate 2b.
  • the scoops of the composting device are placed near each other and turn at least 90 °C mechanically on their axle. Pre-mingling of waste a and blend components b must not be thorough, since the masses are also mingled by every swinging motion of the scoop.
  • the scoops (A,B%) in figure 1 are turned by hydraulic lifters 4a and 4b.
  • the lifters are fastened by joints 5 from their lower ends to frame 1, and by joints 6 from their upper ends to end plates 2c and 2d.
  • the scoops are not turned quite up by the lifters and therefore the glutinous mass can stick to rear plate 2b.
  • a vibrator can be used as auxiliary means.
  • the compostable and mingled waste mass (a+b) is shifted over to the first scoop A in the scoop line. The waste mass burns most intensively in the first scoop and cures in cooled state in the next ones.
  • mass (a+b) is shifted from the front end scoops (A,B%) to the rear end scoops (C,D%) in succession from the former to the next one by means of the swinging motion.
  • mass (a+b) is shifted from the front end scoops (A,B%) to the rear end scoops (C,D%) in succession from the former to the next one by means of the swinging motion.
  • a scoops turns, the waste mass rolls into the next scoop becoming at least partly mingled.
  • the mass is turned totally, since the mass from the scoop bottom stay on top. This procedure is repeated by each turn of the scoop and, accordingly, the tightly packed undermost mass becomes thorougly aerated. Shifting over from one scoop to another takes place with different intervals, which are disclosed in the presented embodiments.
  • the mass quantity is reduced by 50-80% while the process advances, but it is not worth while to produce scoops of different sizes.
  • the scoops are kept full by intermediate turnings.
  • FIG. 1 shows the different positions of scoop turnings. Scoops A and D are turned to their basic, i.e. filling position. A packing 7 prevents the mass from flowing in between the scoops, figure 1 and 2. Packing 7 is, for instance, made of flexible rubber fastened to the upper edge of plate 2a. It is pressed against axle 3 with the scoop in its lower position.
  • Plates 8a and 8b prevent the mass from flowing over the edges of the next scoop, figure 2.
  • the process of composting is controlled and regulated on turning the scoops. For instance, water is added to a too dry mass or a dry blend component to a too wet mass.
  • the composting device with scoops must be thermally insulated. Industrial heat insulations can be used for this purpose. Generally, it is of no use to insulate the bottom of the composting device, because of small thermal loss. Heat insulations are not illustrated in figures 1, 2 and 3.
  • Figure 4 shows a composting scoop device for treatment of food waste with two turning scoops of ab. 500 liters according to the invention. The scoop size cannot be significantly bigger, since the height and width of the composting device must within the reaches of the user.
  • Scoops A and B are turned rotating gearwheel 12 by means of rod 13 and crank handle 14.
  • the composting device has a lid 10a of blend component scoop A1, a waste filling lid 10b, a mold outlet lid 10c and a service lid 10d.
  • the scoops are thermally insulated from the underside with stiff insulation 10e, as are the lids, too. On turning the scoop up, it rises from space 11 in insulations 10e. The scoop returns to space 11 on turning it down. Insulation 10e maintains, also in wintertime, the temperature needed in the process.
  • the mass is after-curing and does not freeze even in wintertime.
  • Lid 10f is fixed with on-off bolts to the frame and lifted off before the use of scoops.
  • the blend component scoop A1 is according to the invention.
  • the construction facilitates addition of blend component b, since it can be, for instance, dropped by hand onto waste a dropped into scoop A.
  • the blend component scoop A1 is turned up by crank handle 14, when the level of blend component (b) has sunken.
  • the composting device illustrated in figure 4 can handle waste from a residential building of 30-40 families.
  • Figures 5 and 6 show a composting scoop device designed to handle the manure of a farm and comprising 6 turning scoops as per this invention.
  • the composting device is, for instance, placed in a barn 16.
  • Manure moulders in the composting device in ab. 6 weeks, but needs at least 2 months for discharge of hazardous agents from after-curing.
  • On one side of the barn a mold stack C2 has been made for mold after-curing.
  • the covering elements are divided into two parts 15a and 15b, which are lifted up before turning the containers, for instance with hydraulic jacks.
  • Manure a and blend component b can be pre-mingled, for instance with manure spreaders 18.
  • Scoop A is filled by a scoop tractor 17 and the mould is shifted over to stack C2.
  • the hydraulic system of the tractor is also used for turning the scoops.
  • a composting scoop device can be built always as big as needed. As a large unit it is applicable, beside the presented embodiments, also to centralized composting of community waste, for instance on dumping grounds. Present ways of composting require a large stack field or an expensive composting drum device. It is also worth using a composting scoop device as well as composting drum device only for hygienization, i.e. the residence time is about a week. Then the mass can be stacked for after-curing, since the need of oxygen and, accordingly, also of turning is small. In small places it is worth making the composting scoop device manually operated, but in large places the functions can be mechanized and automated. Technology already known can be utilized by pre-treatment of waste and blend components and by mold sifting.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé de transformation de déchets en compost, selon lequel on transforme en compost des masses de déchets prémélangés (a+b) dans des cuves spéciales dans lesquelles on maintient des conditions favorables à la formation de compost. Les cuves ont la forme de godets et on introduit la masse de déchets prémélangés (a+b) dans le premier godet (A) d'une succession de godets alignés. Au cours du processus de formation de compost, les godets sont mis en rotation afin de transporter la masse (a+b) successivement de chaque godet au godet suivant depuis les premiers godets (A, B ...) et jusqu'aux derniers godets (C, D ...).
PCT/FI1994/000467 1993-09-08 1994-10-18 Procede et appareil de transformation de dechets en compost Ceased WO1996011892A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI942825A FI95237C (fi) 1993-09-08 1994-06-15 Menetelmä ja laite jätteiden kompostoimiseksi
PCT/FI1994/000467 WO1996011892A1 (fr) 1994-06-15 1994-10-18 Procede et appareil de transformation de dechets en compost
DK94929569T DK0796231T3 (da) 1994-10-18 1994-10-18 Fremgangsmåde og apparat til kompostering af affald
DE69418350T DE69418350T2 (de) 1994-10-18 1994-10-18 Verfahren und vorrichtung zur kompostierung von abfällen
EP94929569A EP0796231B1 (fr) 1994-10-18 1994-10-18 Procede et appareil de transformation de dechets en compost

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FI942825A FI95237C (fi) 1993-09-08 1994-06-15 Menetelmä ja laite jätteiden kompostoimiseksi
PCT/FI1994/000467 WO1996011892A1 (fr) 1994-06-15 1994-10-18 Procede et appareil de transformation de dechets en compost

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996011892A1 true WO1996011892A1 (fr) 1996-04-25

Family

ID=26159752

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FI1994/000467 Ceased WO1996011892A1 (fr) 1993-09-08 1994-10-18 Procede et appareil de transformation de dechets en compost

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO1996011892A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001098452A3 (fr) * 2000-06-23 2002-04-04 Biosal Anlagenbau Gmbh Bioreacteur pour la conversion microbienne de substances en morceaux et / ou pateuses

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2285834A (en) * 1937-07-10 1942-06-09 Mitchell Engineering Ltd Process for the treatment of organic matter by fermentation
EP0253481A2 (fr) * 1986-07-16 1988-01-20 Denys Herbert George Tollemache Installation de compostage

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2285834A (en) * 1937-07-10 1942-06-09 Mitchell Engineering Ltd Process for the treatment of organic matter by fermentation
EP0253481A2 (fr) * 1986-07-16 1988-01-20 Denys Herbert George Tollemache Installation de compostage

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2001098452A3 (fr) * 2000-06-23 2002-04-04 Biosal Anlagenbau Gmbh Bioreacteur pour la conversion microbienne de substances en morceaux et / ou pateuses

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
AU770080B2 (en) Method and apparatus for controlled composting and bioremediating
US6627434B1 (en) Method and apparatus for controlled composting and bioremediating
US5942022A (en) Composting plant for organic waste and method for composting such waste
US7867759B2 (en) Mobile modular, multi-chamber composting system
US20130263786A1 (en) Compositing apparatus and method
EP0999194A2 (fr) Système de traitement des déchets
AU2001282725C1 (en) A composting apparatus with internal transport system
Diaz et al. Systems used in composting
EP0796231B1 (fr) Procede et appareil de transformation de dechets en compost
WO1996011892A1 (fr) Procede et appareil de transformation de dechets en compost
JP4369172B2 (ja) 堆肥化施設
US20080022739A1 (en) Vertical composter with leachate retention system
JP5005452B2 (ja) 発酵堆肥化処理法及び装置
JP5137423B2 (ja) 発酵堆肥化処理法及び装置
DE3727408C2 (fr)
US6439164B1 (en) Composting structure
JP2006111479A (ja) 有機性廃棄物処理システム
FI95237C (fi) Menetelmä ja laite jätteiden kompostoimiseksi
JPH09165283A (ja) 発酵処理装置
JPS5888193A (ja) 有機固体の好気性腐敗発酵装置
JPH10265286A (ja) コンポスト製造装置
JPH11300327A (ja) ソーラ温水器を備えた生ごみの無残渣処理システム及び汚泥の堆肥化処理システム
RU2106082C1 (ru) Устройство для укладки подстилочного навоза в бурт
JP3563287B2 (ja) 好気発酵処理用の堆肥発酵槽
KR20240175586A (ko) 이동식 분뇨 처리장치

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE

DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application
WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 1994929569

Country of ref document: EP

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: CA

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 1994929569

Country of ref document: EP

WWG Wipo information: grant in national office

Ref document number: 1994929569

Country of ref document: EP