WO1996009690A1 - Circuit for compensating the effects of crosstalk at mixer inputs - Google Patents
Circuit for compensating the effects of crosstalk at mixer inputs Download PDFInfo
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- WO1996009690A1 WO1996009690A1 PCT/DE1995/001238 DE9501238W WO9609690A1 WO 1996009690 A1 WO1996009690 A1 WO 1996009690A1 DE 9501238 W DE9501238 W DE 9501238W WO 9609690 A1 WO9609690 A1 WO 9609690A1
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- signal
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03C—MODULATION
- H03C1/00—Amplitude modulation
- H03C1/02—Details
- H03C1/06—Modifications of modulator to reduce distortion, e.g. by feedback, and clearly applicable to more than one type of modulator
Definitions
- the invention relates to a circuit arrangement for compensating the effects of crosstalk at inputs of mixers, which are used for frequency conversion in HF communication devices, e.g. m superimposed receivers and in particular m directly converting homodyne receivers can be used. It is a monolithically integrable compensation circuit for
- the received signal is converted in a mixer using an oscillator signal (LO or converter signal).
- LO oscillator signal
- the spectrum of the received signal is thus shifted to another frequency range, so that a subsequent selection and amplification can be carried out in an economically sensible manner.
- the crosstalk of the input signals to the LO input of a mixer significantly interferes with the frequency conversion, because undesired mixing products inextricably overlap the converted useful signal.
- Linear intermodulation products result from the mixture of two or more undesired input signals, and nonlinear amplitude-proportional products arise, in particular from the mixture of the input signals with themselves.
- the linear intermodulation products are only annoying if they happen to arise in the spectrum of the signal to be received, but the nonlinear amplitude-proportional products are always annoying in the case of directly converting homodyne receivers because they are inseparably superimposed on the converted baseband spectrum of the useful signal at the mixer output become.
- Neutralization circuits are already known in amplifier circuits to avoid instability. In "Meinke-Gundlach, Taschenbuch der Hochfrequenz", for example, a circuit for neutralizing amplifier inputs is described, in which signals which act from the output to the input of the amplifier are damped by feedback.
- DE 13 03 652 discloses a circuit arrangement for compensating the carrier residue at the output of push-pull and double push-pull modulators.
- the compensation is carried out separately for the carrier signal and the useful signal.
- the undesired modulation products are compensated for by generating them in a separate modulator and superimposing the useful signal on the output of the modulator.
- the disadvantage of this circuit is that an additional modulator is required.
- the compensation is carried out subsequently at the output. This means that only the linear mixed products can be compensated.
- the non-linear mixed products that result from the multiplication carried out before the compensation at the mixer output cannot be eliminated.
- DE 11 07 294 describes a high-frequency tuning device for superimposed receivers, in which an oscillator interference voltage reaches the primary circuit of the pot-type band band filter in two ways with a phase shift of 180 °.
- this invention does not enable compensation of non-linear mixed products, especially non-periodic disturbances.
- DE 12 89 138 discloses a method and a circuit arrangement for carrier residual compensation when generating carrier-frequency pulses.
- the amount and phase of the carrier residue is compensated by a sinusoidal voltage derived from the residual carrier voltage present in the pulse pauses.
- a carrier signal component one for
- Residual carrier voltage proportional, sinusoidal voltage tapped at the filter output, its phase rotated by 180 ° and fed to an addition circuit. This circuit is needed
- SPARE BLADE (RULE 26) Blanking gaps in which the compensation is carried out. It is suitable for compensating for the periodic carrier signal, but cannot be used to compensate for non-periodic and non-linear disturbances.
- the usual method is used to compensate the carrier residue with a derived, phase-to-phase residual carrier voltage.
- the circuits are suitable for compensating for periodic carrier residues.
- the object of the invention is to compensate for undesired interspersed useful signals at the converter inputs of the mixers by an oppositely acting signal, so that the undesired linear and nonlinear mixed products are damped at the outputs.
- the circuit arrangement consists of a mixer circuit, voltage or current dividers (dividers) and a phase shifter.
- a first divider and a second divider are coupled to the first signal.
- a portion of the first signal (first compensation signal) is impressed by the first divider and a further portion of the first signal (second compensation signal) is impressed on the second signal by the second divider.
- the phase shifter which is connected either upstream of the second divider or to the tap of the second divider, causes a substantial orthogonal portion of the second compensation signal with respect to the first compensation signal.
- the dividers must then be set exactly so that the sum of the components in magnitude and phase corresponds to the unwanted signal component which is phase-shifted by 180 ° and which is fed back to the second signal.
- ERSATZBLAH REGEL26
- the crosstalk of the useful signal from a mixer to the converter input is compensated for by the fact that a portion of the useful signal and an orthogonal portion of the useful signal are impressed into the converter input.
- the signals are adapted by suitable adjustment in such a way that they have the opposite effect to the interference signal.
- the invention was distinguished from the circuit arrangement known from German patent specification 1 289 138, which is only suitable for the compensation of periodic signals in that the original signal of the disturbance is tapped in the invention. A portion of this original signal and a portion orthogonal to it are impressed into the signal to be compensated. In the ideal case, the resulting proportion of compensation is also exactly 180 ° out of phase with respect to the disturbance. However, the compensation according to the invention is carried out by setting the proportions in such a way that their sum corresponds to the disturbance. It is therefore possible to eliminate not only periodic interference, but exactly the crosstalk of the interfering signal.
- the division factors depend on the component tolerances and must be recalibrated during manufacture and, if necessary, during operation.
- the invention makes it possible to compensate both the linear and the non-linear mixed products.
- An important advantage is that the mixer can be integrated. This makes it possible to convert the mixer into a one-chip complete solution, e.g. for receiving modules and to manufacture them inexpensively in large quantities.
- FIGS. 1 to 5. Show it:
- Fig. 1 shows a symmetrical mixer
- Fig. 2 the compensation circuit according to the invention of a symmetrical mixer.
- ERSATZBLAF (RULE 26)
- Fig. 3 the compensation circuit according to the invention of an asymmetrical mixer.
- Fig. 4 representation of the compensation in the complex signal level.
- 5 the compensation circuit according to the invention of two mixers using a common phase shifter.
- Fig. 1 shows a balanced mixer (8) with two balanced signal inputs (4, 5 and 6, 7).
- the input signal (1, 2) is fed to an amplifier (3) and fed to the signal input of the mixer (4, 5) as an amplified, symmetrical useful signal.
- the symmetrical converter signal is generated with an oscillator (9) and fed to the converter input of the mixer (6, 7).
- FIG. 2 shows the compensation circuit according to the invention of a symmetrical mixer (8), in which one of the symmetrical compensation signals experiences an additional phase shift through a phase shifter (12).
- a signal component is tapped at each of the actuators (10, 11) and fed separately to one pole of the symmetrical converter input.
- FIG. 3 shows the compensation circuit according to the invention of an asymmetrical mixer (16), in which one of the compensation signals undergoes an additional phase shift through a phase shifter (20).
- a symmetrical compensation signal is generated by inserting the inverters (18, 21) and tapped at the actuators (19, 22). The two signal components are summed with the signal from the oscillator (17) and passed to the converter input.
- two push-pull signals which are proportional to the input signals (4, 5 and 15) and are rotated by a phase shifter (12 or 20) with an essential orthogonal signal component, are generated on the voltage dividers (10, 11 and 19, 22).
- the compensation signals are the symmetrical mixer (8) at the input for the converter signal, as in
- the compensation is illustrated in FIG. 4 with a sketch of the signals in a vector representation.
- the interference component at the converter input (23) is compensated for by the sum (24) of two signal components (25, 26) that are almost orthogonally out of phase with one another.
- the compensation signals (25, 26) are proportional to the useful signal (27) and the almost orthogonally phase-shifted useful signal component (28). She has to go with them
- Actuators are matched that the resulting signal (24) has the same amplitude but opposite phase position as the fault signal (23).
- Fig. 5 shows the common compensation of two mixers (8, 38) according to the invention, as e.g. is used in homodyne receivers.
- the phase shift is generated by a single common phase shifter circuit (12) and the compensation signals are each adjusted by separate signal dividers (10, 11 and 30, 31).
- the compensation signals are added to the LO signal and to the quadrature signal derived therefrom by phase rotation (32).
- a common integration of the mixer, the phase shifter and the oscillator together with all phase and frequency-determining components also offers a significant advantage over a circuit with external components.
- the unwanted crosstalk of the input signal to the LO input of the mixer is then independent of the wiring and the adjustment to compensate for the LO input can already be set in production.
- the oscillator is connected externally, a strongly scattering detuning of the geometric EMI optimization of the integrated circuits must be expected, so that a fixed setting of the compensation does not appear to make sense.
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Abstract
Description
Schaltungsanordnung zur Kompensation der Wirkungen des Ubersprechens an MischereingangenCircuit arrangement to compensate for the effects of crosstalk on mixer inputs
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schaltungsanordnung zur Kom¬ pensation der Wirkungen des Ubersprechens an Eingangen von Mischern, die zur Frequenzumsetzung in HF-Kommunikationsgeräten, z.B. m Überlagerungsempfängern und im besonderen m direkt um¬ setzenden Homodynempfangern, verwendet werden. Sie ist eine monolithisch integrierbare Kompensationsschaltung zurThe invention relates to a circuit arrangement for compensating the effects of crosstalk at inputs of mixers, which are used for frequency conversion in HF communication devices, e.g. m superimposed receivers and in particular m directly converting homodyne receivers can be used. It is a monolithically integrable compensation circuit for
Unterdrückung unerwünschter linearer und nichtlmearer Misch¬ produkte, die durch Einstreuung des Eingangssignals auf den Um¬ setzereingang entstehen und untrennbar das Nutzsignal am Mischerausgang störend überlagern.Suppression of undesired linear and non-linear mixed products, which result from the scattering of the input signal onto the converter input and inseparably interfere with the useful signal at the mixer output.
In Überlagerungsempfängern wird das EmpfangsSignal mit Hilfe eines Oszillatorsignals (LO- bzw. Umsetzersignal) in einem Mischer umgesetzt. Das Spektrum des Empfangssignals wird damit in einen anderen Frequenzbereich verlagert, so daß eine nachfolgende Selektion und Verstärkung wirtschaftlich sinnvoll erfolgen kann.In heterodyne receivers, the received signal is converted in a mixer using an oscillator signal (LO or converter signal). The spectrum of the received signal is thus shifted to another frequency range, so that a subsequent selection and amplification can be carried out in an economically sensible manner.
Besonders das Ubersprechen der Eingangssignale auf den LO- Eingang eines Mischers stört die Frequenzumsetzung wesentlich, weil unerwünschte Mischprodukte das umgesetzte Nutzsignal untrennbar überlagern. Es entstehen lineare Intermodulations¬ produkte aus der Mischung von zwei und mehr unerwünschten Ein¬ gangssignalen und es entstehen nichtlineare amplitudenpropor- tionale Produkte insbesondere aus der Mischung der Eingangs- Signale mit sich selber. Die linearen Intermodulationsprodukte sind nur störend, wenn sie zufällig im Spektrum des zu empfan¬ genden Signals entstehen, aber die nichtlinearen amplitudenpro¬ portionalen Produkte sind bei direkt umsetzenden Homodyn¬ empfangern immer störend weil sie am Mischerausgang mit dem umgesetzten Basisbandspektrum des Nutzsignals untrennbar über¬ lagert werden. Neutralisationsschaltungen sind bei Verstärkerschaltungen zur Vermeidung von Instabilität bereits bekannt. In "Meinke- Gundlach, Taschenbuch der Hochfrequenz" wird z.B. eine Schaltung zur Neutralisation von Verstärkereingängen beschrieben in der Signale, die vom Ausgang auf den Eingang des Verstärkers zurückwirken, durch eine Rückkopplung bed mpft werden.In particular, the crosstalk of the input signals to the LO input of a mixer significantly interferes with the frequency conversion, because undesired mixing products inextricably overlap the converted useful signal. Linear intermodulation products result from the mixture of two or more undesired input signals, and nonlinear amplitude-proportional products arise, in particular from the mixture of the input signals with themselves. The linear intermodulation products are only annoying if they happen to arise in the spectrum of the signal to be received, but the nonlinear amplitude-proportional products are always annoying in the case of directly converting homodyne receivers because they are inseparably superimposed on the converted baseband spectrum of the useful signal at the mixer output become. Neutralization circuits are already known in amplifier circuits to avoid instability. In "Meinke-Gundlach, Taschenbuch der Hochfrequenz", for example, a circuit for neutralizing amplifier inputs is described, in which signals which act from the output to the input of the amplifier are damped by feedback.
In DE 13 03 652 wird eine Schaltungsanordnung zur Kompen¬ sation des Trägerrestes am Ausgang von Gegentakt- und Doppel- gegentaktmodulatoren offenbart. Die Kompensation wird dabei für das Träger- und das Nutzsignal getrennt voneinander durchge¬ führt. Die unerwünschten Modulationsprodukte werden kompensiert, indem diese in einem getrennten Modulator erzeugt und am Ausgang des Modulators dem Nutzsignal überlagert werden. Der Nachteil dieser Schaltung besteht darin, daß ein zusätzlicher Modulator erforderlich ist. Außerdem wird die Kompensation nachträglich am Ausgang durchgeführt. Dadurch können nur die lineare Mischprodukte kompensiert werden. Die nichtlinearen Mischprodukte, die durch die vor der Kompensation am Mischer- ausgang durchgeführten Multiplikation entstehen, können nicht beseitigt werden.DE 13 03 652 discloses a circuit arrangement for compensating the carrier residue at the output of push-pull and double push-pull modulators. The compensation is carried out separately for the carrier signal and the useful signal. The undesired modulation products are compensated for by generating them in a separate modulator and superimposing the useful signal on the output of the modulator. The disadvantage of this circuit is that an additional modulator is required. In addition, the compensation is carried out subsequently at the output. This means that only the linear mixed products can be compensated. The non-linear mixed products that result from the multiplication carried out before the compensation at the mixer output cannot be eliminated.
In DE 11 07 294 wird eine Hochfrequenzabstimmeinrichtung für Überlagerungsempfänger beschrieben, bei der eine Oszilla- torstörspannung auf zwei Wegen mit einer Phasenverschiebung von 180° auf den Primärkreis des Topfkreisbandfilters gelangt. Diese Erfindung ermöglicht jedoch keine Kompensation nichtlinearer Mischprodukte, insbesondere von nichtperiodischen Störungen.DE 11 07 294 describes a high-frequency tuning device for superimposed receivers, in which an oscillator interference voltage reaches the primary circuit of the pot-type band band filter in two ways with a phase shift of 180 °. However, this invention does not enable compensation of non-linear mixed products, especially non-periodic disturbances.
In DE 12 89 138 wird ein Verfahren und eine Schaltungs¬ anordnung zur Trägerrestkompensation bei der Erzeugung träger- frequenter Impulse offenbart. Der Trägerrest wird dabei nach Betrag und Phase durch eine von der in den Impulspausen vorhan¬ denen Trägerrestspannung abgeleiteten sinusförmigen Spannung kompensiert. Dabei wird ein Trägersignalanteil, eine zurDE 12 89 138 discloses a method and a circuit arrangement for carrier residual compensation when generating carrier-frequency pulses. The amount and phase of the carrier residue is compensated by a sinusoidal voltage derived from the residual carrier voltage present in the pulse pauses. A carrier signal component, one for
Trägerrestspannung proportionale, sinusförmige Spannung, am Filterausgang abgegriffen, in ihrer Phase um 180° gedreht und einer Additionsschaltung zugeführt. Diese Schaltung benötigtResidual carrier voltage proportional, sinusoidal voltage, tapped at the filter output, its phase rotated by 180 ° and fed to an addition circuit. This circuit is needed
ERSATZBLÄTT(REGEL 26) Austastlücken, in denen die Kompensation durchgeführt wird. Sie ist dazu geeignet, das periodische Trägersignal zu kompensieren, kann aber nicht zur Kompensation nichtperiodischer und nichtlinearer Störungen verwendet werden.SPARE BLADE (RULE 26) Blanking gaps in which the compensation is carried out. It is suitable for compensating for the periodic carrier signal, but cannot be used to compensate for non-periodic and non-linear disturbances.
In allen drei bekannten Kompensationsschaltungen wird die übliche Methode verwendet, den Trägerrest mit einer abgeleite¬ ten, gegenphasigen Trägerrestspannung zu kompensieren. Die Schaltungen sind dazu geeignet, periodische Trägerreste zu kompensieren. Die Beseitigung nichtperiodischer Störungen, ins¬ besondere eines übersprechenden, nichtperiodischen Nutzsignals, ist jedoch nicht möglich.In all three known compensation circuits, the usual method is used to compensate the carrier residue with a derived, phase-to-phase residual carrier voltage. The circuits are suitable for compensating for periodic carrier residues. However, it is not possible to eliminate non-periodic interference, in particular a crosstalk, non-periodic useful signal.
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist die Kompensation unerwünscht eingestreuter Nutzsignale an den Umsetzereingängen der Mischer durch ein entgegengesetzt wirkendes Signal, so daß die uner¬ wünschten linearen und nichlinearen Mischprodukte an den Aus¬ gängen gedämpft werden.The object of the invention is to compensate for undesired interspersed useful signals at the converter inputs of the mixers by an oppositely acting signal, so that the undesired linear and nonlinear mixed products are damped at the outputs.
Die Aufgabe wird durch die Erfindung nach Anspruch 1 gelös .The object is achieved by the invention according to claim 1.
Die Schaltungsanordnung besteht dabei aus einer Mischer¬ schaltung, Spannungs- oder Stromteilern (Teiler) und einem Phasenschieber. Ein erster Teiler und ein zweiter Teiler sind an das erste Signal gekoppelt. Vom ersten Teiler wird ein Anteil des ersten Signals (erstes Kompensationssignal) und vom zweiten Teiler wird ein weiterer Anteil des ersten Signals (zweites Kompensationssignal) auf das zweite Signal eingeprägt. Der Phasenschieber, der entweder vor den zweiten Teiler oder an den Abgriff des zweiten Teilers geschaltet ist, verursacht einen wesentlichen orthogonalen Anteil des zweiten Kompensati- onssignals in Bezug auf das erste Kompensationssignal. Die Teiler müssen dann genau so eingestellt werden, daß die Summe der Anteile in Betrag und Phase dem um 180° phasenverschobenen unerwünschten Signalanteil entspricht, der auf das zweite Signal rückgekoppelt ist.The circuit arrangement consists of a mixer circuit, voltage or current dividers (dividers) and a phase shifter. A first divider and a second divider are coupled to the first signal. A portion of the first signal (first compensation signal) is impressed by the first divider and a further portion of the first signal (second compensation signal) is impressed on the second signal by the second divider. The phase shifter, which is connected either upstream of the second divider or to the tap of the second divider, causes a substantial orthogonal portion of the second compensation signal with respect to the first compensation signal. The dividers must then be set exactly so that the sum of the components in magnitude and phase corresponds to the unwanted signal component which is phase-shifted by 180 ° and which is fed back to the second signal.
ERSATZBLAH(REGEL26) So wird zum Beispiel das Übersprechen des Nutzsignals eines Mischers auf den Umsetzereingang dadurch kompensiert, daß ein Anteil des Nutzsignals und ein dazu orthogonaler Anteil des Nutzsignals in den Umsetzereingang eingeprägt wird. Die Signale werden durch geeignete Justierung derart angepaßt, daß sie dem Storsignal entgegengesetzt wirken.ERSATZBLAH (REGEL26) For example, the crosstalk of the useful signal from a mixer to the converter input is compensated for by the fact that a portion of the useful signal and an orthogonal portion of the useful signal are impressed into the converter input. The signals are adapted by suitable adjustment in such a way that they have the opposite effect to the interference signal.
Die Erfindung wurde unterscheidet sich von der aus der deutschen Patentschrif 1 289 138 bekannten Schaltungsanordnung, die nur zur Kompensation von periodischen Signalen geeignet ist, dadurch, daß bei der Erfindung das Ursprungssignal der Störung abgegriffen wird. Ein Anteil dieses Ursprungssignals und ein orthogonal dazu stehender Anteil wird in das zu kompensierende Signal eingeprägt. Der resultierende Ko pensationsanteil ist im Idealfall zwar auch in Bezug auf die Störung genau um 180° phasenverschoben. Die erfindungsgemäße Kompensation erfolgt jedoch, indem die Anteile derart eingestellt werden, daß die Summe derselben der Störung entsprechen. Es ist somit möglich, nicht nur periodische Störungen, sondern genau die ubersprechenden Anteile des störenden Signals zu eliminieren.The invention was distinguished from the circuit arrangement known from German patent specification 1 289 138, which is only suitable for the compensation of periodic signals in that the original signal of the disturbance is tapped in the invention. A portion of this original signal and a portion orthogonal to it are impressed into the signal to be compensated. In the ideal case, the resulting proportion of compensation is also exactly 180 ° out of phase with respect to the disturbance. However, the compensation according to the invention is carried out by setting the proportions in such a way that their sum corresponds to the disturbance. It is therefore possible to eliminate not only periodic interference, but exactly the crosstalk of the interfering signal.
Die Teilerfaktoren sind dabei abhängig von den Bauteiltoleranzen und müssen bei der Herstellung und ggf. wahrend des Betriebs nachkalibriert werden.The division factors depend on the component tolerances and must be recalibrated during manufacture and, if necessary, during operation.
Im Gegensatz zu herkömmlichen Gegentaktmischern, ist durch die Erfindung eine Kompensation sowohl der linearen, als auch der nichtlinearen Mischprodukte möglich. Ein wesentlicher Vor¬ teil ist, daß der Mischer integriert werden kann. Damit ist es möglich, den Mischer in eine Ein-Chip-Komplettlosung z.B. für Empfangsbausteine einzubauen und in großen Stückzahlen preis¬ günstig herzustellen.In contrast to conventional push-pull mixers, the invention makes it possible to compensate both the linear and the non-linear mixed products. An important advantage is that the mixer can be integrated. This makes it possible to convert the mixer into a one-chip complete solution, e.g. for receiving modules and to manufacture them inexpensively in large quantities.
Die Erfindung wird im folgenden mit den Figuren 1 bis 5 erläutert. Es zeigen:The invention is explained below with FIGS. 1 to 5. Show it:
Fig. 1 einen symmetrischen Mischer.Fig. 1 shows a symmetrical mixer.
Fig. 2 die erfindungsgemaße Kompensationsschaltung eines symmetrischen Mischers.Fig. 2, the compensation circuit according to the invention of a symmetrical mixer.
ERSATZBLAF (REGEL 26) Fig. 3 die erfindungsgemäße Kompensationsschaltung eines asymmetrischen Mischers. Fig. 4 Darstellung der Kompensation in der komplexen Signal¬ ebene. Fig. 5 die erfindungsgemäße Kompensationsschaltung zweier Mischer unter Verwendung eines gemeinsamen Phasen¬ schiebers.ERSATZBLAF (RULE 26) Fig. 3, the compensation circuit according to the invention of an asymmetrical mixer. Fig. 4 representation of the compensation in the complex signal level. 5 the compensation circuit according to the invention of two mixers using a common phase shifter.
Fig. 1 zeigt einen symmetrischen Mischer (8) mit zwei symmetrischen Signaleingängen (4, 5 und 6, 7) . Das Eingangs¬ signal (1, 2) wird einem Verstärker (3) zugeführt und als verstärktes symmetrisches Nutzsignal an den Signaleingang des Mischers (4, 5) geführt. Das symmetrische Umsetzersignal wird mit einem Oszillator (9) erzeugt und an den Umsetzereingang des Mischers (6, 7) geführt.Fig. 1 shows a balanced mixer (8) with two balanced signal inputs (4, 5 and 6, 7). The input signal (1, 2) is fed to an amplifier (3) and fed to the signal input of the mixer (4, 5) as an amplified, symmetrical useful signal. The symmetrical converter signal is generated with an oscillator (9) and fed to the converter input of the mixer (6, 7).
Fig. 2 zeigt die er indungsgemäße Kompensationsschaltung eines symmetrischen Mischers (8) , bei der eines der symmetri¬ schen Kompensationssignale durch einen Phasenschieber (12) eine zusätzliche Phasendrehung erfährt. An den Stellgliedern (10, 11) wird jeweils ein Signalanteil abgegriffenen und getrennt je einem Pol des symmetrischen Umsetzereingangs zugeführt.2 shows the compensation circuit according to the invention of a symmetrical mixer (8), in which one of the symmetrical compensation signals experiences an additional phase shift through a phase shifter (12). A signal component is tapped at each of the actuators (10, 11) and fed separately to one pole of the symmetrical converter input.
Fig. 3 zeigt die erfindungsgemäße Kompensationsschaltung eines asymmetrischen Mischers (16), bei der eines der Kompensa¬ tionssignale durch einen Phasenschieber (20) eine zusätzliche Phasendrehung erfährt. Durch die Einfügung der Inverter (18, 21) wird ein symmetrisches Kompensationssignal erzeugt und an den Stellgliedern (19, 22) abgegriffenen. Die beiden Signalanteile werden mit dem Signal des Oszillators (17) summiert und an den Umsetzereingang geführt.3 shows the compensation circuit according to the invention of an asymmetrical mixer (16), in which one of the compensation signals undergoes an additional phase shift through a phase shifter (20). A symmetrical compensation signal is generated by inserting the inverters (18, 21) and tapped at the actuators (19, 22). The two signal components are summed with the signal from the oscillator (17) and passed to the converter input.
Erfindungsgemäß werden an den Spannungsteilern (10, 11 bzw. 19, 22) zwei zu den Eingangssignalen (4, 5 bzw. 15) proportionale durch einen Phasenschieber (12 bzw. 20) gedrehte Gegentaktsignale mit einer wesentlichen orthogonalen Signal¬ komponente erzeugt. Die Kompensationssignale werden dem symme¬ trischen Mischer (8) am Eingang für das Umsetzersignal, wie inAccording to the invention, two push-pull signals, which are proportional to the input signals (4, 5 and 15) and are rotated by a phase shifter (12 or 20) with an essential orthogonal signal component, are generated on the voltage dividers (10, 11 and 19, 22). The compensation signals are the symmetrical mixer (8) at the input for the converter signal, as in
ERSATZBLÄΓT(REGEL26) Fig. 2 gezeigt, getrennt und dem unsymmetrischen Mischer (16) , wie in Fig. 3 gezeigt, summiert zugeführt.SPARE BLADE (RULE 26) Fig. 2 shown, separately and the unbalanced mixer (16), as shown in Fig. 3, added together.
Die Kompensation ist in Fig. 4 mit einer Skizze der Signale in vektorieller Darstellung verdeutlicht. Die Störkomponente am Umsetzereingang (23) wird durch die Summe (24) aus zwei nahezu orthogonal zueinander phasenverschobenen Signalanteilen (25, 26) kompensiert. Die Kompensationssignale (25, 26) sind proportional zu dem Nutzsignal (27) und der nahezu orthogonal phasenver- schobenen Nutzsignalkomponente (28) . Sie muß so mit denThe compensation is illustrated in FIG. 4 with a sketch of the signals in a vector representation. The interference component at the converter input (23) is compensated for by the sum (24) of two signal components (25, 26) that are almost orthogonally out of phase with one another. The compensation signals (25, 26) are proportional to the useful signal (27) and the almost orthogonally phase-shifted useful signal component (28). She has to go with them
Stellgliedern abgestimmt werden, daß das resultierende Signal (24) die gleiche Amplitude aber entgegengesetzte Phasenlage wie das Storsignal (23) hat.Actuators are matched that the resulting signal (24) has the same amplitude but opposite phase position as the fault signal (23).
Fig. 5 zeigt die erfindungsgemäße gemeinsame Kompensation zweier Mischer (8, 38), wie sie z.B. bei Homodynempfangern An¬ wendung findet. Die Phasenverschiebung wird durch eine einzige gemeinsame Phasenschieberschaltung (12) erzeugt und die Kompen¬ sationssignale werden jeweils durch getrennte Signalteiler (10, 11 und 30, 31) abgeglichen. Die Kompensationssignale werden zu dem LO-Signal und zu dem davon durch Phasendrehung (32) abge¬ leiteten Quadratursignal addiert.Fig. 5 shows the common compensation of two mixers (8, 38) according to the invention, as e.g. is used in homodyne receivers. The phase shift is generated by a single common phase shifter circuit (12) and the compensation signals are each adjusted by separate signal dividers (10, 11 and 30, 31). The compensation signals are added to the LO signal and to the quadrature signal derived therefrom by phase rotation (32).
Eine gemeinsame Integration der Mischer, des Phasen- Schiebers und des Oszillators zusammen mit allen phasen- und frequenzbestimmenden Komponenten bietet darüber hinaus einen wesentlichen Vorteil gegenüber einer Schaltung mit externen Komponenten. Das unerwünschte Obersprechen des Eingangssignals auf den LO-Eingang des Mischers ist dann unabhängig von der Beschaltung und der Abgleich zur Kompensation des LO-Einganges kann schon in der Fertigung fest eingestellt werden. Bei ex¬ terner Beschaltung des Oszillators muß mit einer stark streu¬ enden Verstimmung der geometrischen EMI-Optimierung der integrierten Schaltkreise gerechnet werden, so daß eine feste Einstellung der Kompensation nicht sinnvoll erscheint.A common integration of the mixer, the phase shifter and the oscillator together with all phase and frequency-determining components also offers a significant advantage over a circuit with external components. The unwanted crosstalk of the input signal to the LO input of the mixer is then independent of the wiring and the adjustment to compensate for the LO input can already be set in production. When the oscillator is connected externally, a strongly scattering detuning of the geometric EMI optimization of the integrated circuits must be expected, so that a fixed setting of the compensation does not appear to make sense.
ERSATZBLAπ (REGEL26) REPLACEMENT BLAπ (RULE 26)
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP4433478.8 | 1994-09-20 | ||
| DE19944433478 DE4433478C2 (en) | 1994-09-20 | 1994-09-20 | Circuit arrangement for the compensation of undesired linear and nonlinear mixing products in mixers, which arise from the crosstalk of a first signal to a second signal |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1996009690A1 true WO1996009690A1 (en) | 1996-03-28 |
Family
ID=6528685
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/DE1995/001238 Ceased WO1996009690A1 (en) | 1994-09-20 | 1995-09-08 | Circuit for compensating the effects of crosstalk at mixer inputs |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE4433478C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1996009690A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19722792C1 (en) * | 1997-05-30 | 1999-02-04 | Hirschmann Richard Gmbh Co | Highly decoupled high-frequency distribution network |
| GB2569800B (en) | 2017-12-22 | 2022-09-07 | Thermo Fisher Scient Bremen Gmbh | Method and device for crosstalk compensation |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4163944A (en) * | 1976-12-22 | 1979-08-07 | Ncr Corporation | Compensation circuit for an electrical signal mixer |
| US5343171A (en) * | 1992-09-28 | 1994-08-30 | Kabushiki Kaish Toshiba | Circuit for improving carrier rejection in a balanced modulator |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1107294B (en) * | 1959-12-17 | 1961-05-25 | Telefunken Patent | High frequency tuning device for overlay receivers |
| DE1303652B (en) * | 1963-09-10 | 1972-05-31 | Siemens Ag | |
| DE1289138B (en) * | 1966-08-03 | 1969-02-13 | Siemens Ag | Method and circuit arrangement for residual carrier compensation |
-
1994
- 1994-09-20 DE DE19944433478 patent/DE4433478C2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-09-08 WO PCT/DE1995/001238 patent/WO1996009690A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4163944A (en) * | 1976-12-22 | 1979-08-07 | Ncr Corporation | Compensation circuit for an electrical signal mixer |
| US5343171A (en) * | 1992-09-28 | 1994-08-30 | Kabushiki Kaish Toshiba | Circuit for improving carrier rejection in a balanced modulator |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| TON ET AL.:: "An X-band monolithic double double-balanced mixer for high dynamic receiver application", IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM DIGEST, 8 May 1990 (1990-05-08) - 10 May 1990 (1990-05-10), NEW YORK, USA, pages 197 - 200 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE4433478C2 (en) | 1997-07-03 |
| DE4433478A1 (en) | 1996-03-28 |
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