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WO1996006773A1 - Navires a voile - Google Patents

Navires a voile Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1996006773A1
WO1996006773A1 PCT/GB1995/002052 GB9502052W WO9606773A1 WO 1996006773 A1 WO1996006773 A1 WO 1996006773A1 GB 9502052 W GB9502052 W GB 9502052W WO 9606773 A1 WO9606773 A1 WO 9606773A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
sail
spar
stringer
mast
vessel
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1995/002052
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Richard John Leinberger
Original Assignee
Newby, Martin, John
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Newby, Martin, John filed Critical Newby, Martin, John
Priority to AU33923/95A priority Critical patent/AU3392395A/en
Publication of WO1996006773A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996006773A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63H—MARINE PROPULSION OR STEERING
    • B63H9/00—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power
    • B63H9/04—Marine propulsion provided directly by wind power using sails or like wind-catching surfaces
    • B63H9/06—Types of sail; Constructional features of sails; Arrangements thereof on vessels

Definitions

  • This invention relates to sailing vessels, and more particularly to the rigging of such vessels.
  • a Bermuda rig on the other hand, has a relatively high aspect ratio and is therefore much more efficient when sailing to windward. When sailing downwind, however, the Bermuda rig is not very efficient and it is for this reason that use is then made of a spinnaker.
  • Another type of rigging that is available is the one that is used on sailboards.
  • This type of rigging comprises a mast whose foot end is mounted on the board via a pivotal connection.
  • This type of rigging has the advantage that it enables the sail to be held in such a position that a certain amount of lift is obtained. In other words, the boardsailor can to a certain extent hang from the sail, reducing the downward forces on the board.
  • a sailing vessel which comprises a hull and rigging, the rigging comprising a mast which is mounted so as to be pivotally displaceable about a first pivot axis which extends in the fore-aft direction of the hull, and a spar to which there is attached a sail, the spar being mounted on the mast so as to be pivotally displaceable with respect to the mast about a second pivot axis spaced from the first pivot axis.
  • the vessel may comprise mast pivot control lines leading from the mast at a point remote from the first pivot axis, for use in adjusting the. pivotal position of the mast about the first pivot axis.
  • the vessel may comprise a pair of said pivotally displaceable masts, one being located fore of the vessel and the other one aft, a stringer which extends between the head ends of the masts, and a plurality of said spars, each spar having a sail attached thereto and each being mounted pivotally on the stringer.
  • the masts may be independently pivotally displaceable about the first pivot axis.
  • Each spar may be pivotally displaceable with respect to the stringer about the longitudinal direction of the stringer and about a third pivot axis which is perpendicular to both the longitudinal direction of the spar and the longitudinal direction of the stringer.
  • Figure 1 is a side view of a sailing vessel with rigging in accordance with the invention
  • Figure 2 is a side view of the vessel with part of the rigging removed;
  • Figure 3 is a stern view of the vessel with part of the rigging removed, to illustrate the mast supports;
  • Figure 4 is a stern view of the vessel, showing the position of the sails when reaching;
  • Figure 5 is stern view of the vessel, showing the position of the sails when sailing downwind;
  • Figure 6 is plan view of the hull of the vessel, showing various controls
  • Figure 7 is a plan view of the hull, showing some of the controls in more detail
  • Figure 8 is a side view showing tilt control lines of the vessel
  • Figure 9 is a plan view of a more complex form of sail assembly for rigging in accordance with the invention.
  • Figure 10 is an oblique view of part of the sail assembly of Figure 9.
  • Figure 11 is a view similar to Figure 10, but showing a cowl of the assembly in a partly cut-away condition.
  • Reference numeral 10 in Figure 1 generally indicates a sailing vessel whose rigging 12 is mounted on a pair of supports 14, one of which is located fore of the vessel's hull 15 and the other one aft.
  • Each support 14 comprises an M-shaped part 14.1, an inverted V-shaped part 14.2, and a pivot 14.3 between them.
  • the rigging further comprises a pair of movable masts 16.1 and 16.2, each mounted pivotally on the pivot 14.3 of the respective support 14, a stringer 18 extending between the head ends of the movable masts 16.1 and 16.2, and a series of sail assemblies 20 which are spaced apart along the stringer 18.
  • Each of the movable masts 16.1, 16.2 is thus pivotally movable about a fore-aft axis, in the direction of arrows A ( Figure 3). Provision is made for the movable masts 16.1 and 16.2 to pivot independently of one another.
  • the head end of the aft mast 16.2 may carry a sleeve in which the aft end of the stringer 18 is slidable.
  • the stringer 18 can be in the form of a hollow beam.
  • hull 15 Whilst the hull 15 that is shown in the drawings is a conventional boat hull, it will be appreciated that a hull which is designed to take maximum advantage of the new rigging may be provided. Thus, for example, a planing hull may be provided rather then the keeled hull shown in the drawings.
  • Each of the sail assemblies 20 comprises a spar 26, a pair of booms 28, and a sail 30.
  • the booms 28 of the foremost sail assembly are extended forward, to meet at an apex 29. If desired, the sail of the foremost sail assembly may also extend forward, beyond the spar 26, to the apex 29.
  • the booms 28 of the other sail assemblies 20 terminate at the respective spar 26.
  • Each spar 26 is mounted on the stringer 18 so as to be pivotally movable in the direction of arrows B ( Figure 4) about the longitudinal direction of the stringer 18 and, in addition, in a direction which is at right angles to the stringer and also at right angles to the spar, i.e. in the direction of arrows C in Figure 2.
  • the movable masts 16.1, 16.2 When reaching, the movable masts 16.1, 16.2 are pivoted so that their head ends are both on the leeward side of the boat, and the sail assemblies 20 are set so that the spars 26 are at an angle to the vertical, as illustrated in Figure 4.
  • the forces F acting on them can be made to pass approximately through the centre of gravity of the boat, tending to lift the boat out of the water rather than causing it to heel over.
  • the movable masts 16.1, 16.2 When tacking, the movable masts 16.1, 16.2 will be swung over to the other side of the boat. During this movement the sail assemblies 20 are pivoted about the longitudinal direction of the stringer 18, to maintain them in an upwardly inclined condition, although they will now be set at an opposite angle to the vertical.
  • the movable masts 16.1, 16.2 When running before the wind, the movable masts 16.1, 16.2 are pivoted so that their head ends are on opposite sides of the boat, as illustrated in Figure 5. With this setting the stringer 18 extends diagonally, at an angle to the fore-aft direction of the boat.
  • each of them is provided with a pair of pivot control lines 120 (Figure 3).
  • the pivot control lines 120 extend from the respective mast head to opposite apices of the M-shaped part 14.1, from where they lead to a pivot control winch.
  • the pivot control lines 120 of the fore mast 16.1 lead to a fore mast pivot control winch 122, and those of the aft mast 16.2 to an aft mast pivot control winch 124 ( Figure 6).
  • rake control lines 126 are provided (Figure 2), which extend from opposite ends of one of the spars 26 (the second one from the front in the embodiment illustrated) to the mast head of the fore mast 16.1. In Figure 2 only the second and third spars 26 are shown. The rake control lines 126 then extend down the mast up until the pivot 14.3, at which point they leave the mast and lead to a rake control winch 128.
  • the various spars 26 are interconnected by lines 130 ( Figure 2), so that, when the rake of the spar 26 to which the rake control lines are connected is adjusted by operating the rake control winch 128, the other spars 26 move in unison.
  • the sail assemblies can be interconnected by slender link rods, one set of link rods interconnecting the ends of the spars and another set interconnecting the ends of the booms 28.
  • tilt control lines 132 are provided ( Figures 4 and 8 ) . There are a pair of these tilt control lines 132 which operate in parallel. Each end of each of the tilt control lines 132 is split into three, with the use of a runner 133, to extend to the corresponding ends of the spars 26 as shown in Figure 8. In extending from one side of the vessel to the other, the tilt control lines 132 pass around a common, first tilt control drum 134 ( Figure 7). The first tilt control drum can be rotated by means of a winch 136 ( Figure 6).
  • a fore end main sheet 138 ( Figures 1 and 7) which extends from the apex 29 down to the hull 15, and from there to a main sheet winch 140 ( Figures 6 and 7). From the main sheet winch 140 the main sheet 138 passes around a pulley 142 at the stern of the vessel to a pulley block 144.
  • aft end main sheet 146 ( Figures 4 and 7). In other words, in the embodiment illustrated, there are five aft end main sheets 146. Opposite ends of each of the aft end main sheets 146 are attached to the booms 28 of the respective sail assembly, at a point spaced from the corresponding spar 26.
  • the aft end main sheet 146 extends from one end of the respective sail assembly down to the hull 15, from there partly around a second tilt control drum 148, from there to the pulley of the pulley block 144, and from there back to the second tilt control drum 148. It again passes partly around the second tilt control drum 148 and from there extends to the other side of the corresponding sail assembly.
  • the five aft end main sheets 146 all run on the same tilt control drum 148 as described.
  • the second tilt control drum 148 is coupled to the first tilt control drum 134 so that the drums 134 and 148 are constrained to rotate in unison.
  • Reference numeral 150 in Figure 6 indicates a rudder control of the vessel.
  • Each of the sail assemblies 20.1 comprises a spar 26, a central cowl 42, one or more further cowls 44 on each opposite side of the central cowl, and a rectangular sail 46 between each pair of adjacent cowls 42, 44. At each end of the spar there is furthermore a triangular sail 48.
  • the cowls 42, 44 may be of a rigid or semi ⁇ rigid plastics material, or of aluminium.
  • pivot assembly 32 which provides for movement of the spar 26 in the direction of arrows B ( Figure 4) and C. It comprises a first part 50 which is pivotally mounted on the stringer 18, and a second part 52 which is in the form of a yoke and is pivotally mounted on the first part 50.
  • the spar 26 is mounted on the yoke 52 so that it can rotate about its longitudinal axis. It consists of a series of spar sections 54, adjacent spar sections being interconnected by means of sleeves 56. Locking means should be provided between adjacent spar sections 54, so that rotation of the centre spar section is transmitted to the other spar sections.
  • the centre spar section 54 is rotatably mounted in the yoke 52 and carries a drum 58.
  • a reefing control line 60 is wound a few times around the drum and extends from the drum of one sail assembly 20 to the other.
  • the reefing control line 60 extends in an endless loop down to the cockpit of the boat, so that reefing can be controlled from the cockpit.
  • the central cowl 42 is carried on the central spar section 54, the spar being rotatable with respect to the cowl.
  • the cowl has an overhanging portion 62.
  • On the side of the cowl there is a bolt rope track 64 for holding the edge of the sail 46, the sail being for this purpose provided along each of its edges with a bolt rope 66.
  • the sail 46 passes underneath the overhanging portion 62 to the bolt rope track 64.
  • the bolt rope track 64 is of aerofoil shape, thereby assisting to hold the sail in the desired aerofoil shape.
  • the cowl 42 thus serves the purpose of a batten.
  • the luff 68 of the sail 46 is connected to the spar 26 so that, by rotating the spar, the sail can be taken in or reefed.
  • a line 70 is provided which is connected to the leech of the sail, passes around a pulley 72 at the leech end of the cowl, and from there extends back to the spar again, where it is rolled up on a roller 74 which is fixed to the spar 26.
  • the cowl thus serves the purpose of a boom as well, assisting in maintaining the desired tension in the sail.
  • the construction of the further cowls 44 is similar to the central cowl 42, except that there is no drum 58 .
  • the ends of the spars 26 of the various sail assemblies 20 are interconnected by means of light ⁇ weight link rods (not shown).
  • the link rods interconnecting the sail assemblies 20.1 may be in the form of thin-walled PVC tubes and serve to ensure that all the sail assemblies move together, in parallel.
  • the sail assembly 20.1 may have a single rectangular sail 46 on each opposite side of the central cowl 42, it will be appreciated that further sections may be added to each of the sail assemblies, by adding further spar sections 54 to lengthen the spar.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)

Abstract

Un navire à voile comprend une coque (15) et deux mâts, l'un (16.1) placé à l'avant et l'autre (16.2) à l'arrière, qui peuvent pivoter autour d'un axe longitudinal, tous les deux vers un côté ou l'autre du navire ou chacun vers un côté. Une traverse (18) s'étend entre les deux têtes des mâts, et plusieurs voilures (20), montées sur cette traverse, comprennent chacune un espar (26), des tômes (28) et une voile (30). Ces espars (26) peuvent pivoter autour de l'axe longitudinal de la traverse, et peuvent tourner de façon à faire varier l'angle de leur axe longitudinal et de celui de la traverse.
PCT/GB1995/002052 1994-08-31 1995-08-31 Navires a voile WO1996006773A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU33923/95A AU3392395A (en) 1994-08-31 1995-08-31 Sailing vessels

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ZA94/6668 1994-08-31
ZA946668 1994-08-31

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996006773A1 true WO1996006773A1 (fr) 1996-03-07

Family

ID=25584306

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1995/002052 WO1996006773A1 (fr) 1994-08-31 1995-08-31 Navires a voile

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU3392395A (fr)
WO (1) WO1996006773A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1999028183A1 (fr) * 1997-12-02 1999-06-10 Berean George S Voile creant de la portance et systeme de voiles
FR2781195A1 (fr) * 1998-07-15 2000-01-21 Michel Paul Rene Hugot Mecanisme de commande des ailes de traction
ES2157697A1 (es) * 1997-05-21 2001-08-16 Buitron Federico Cantero Motovelero plegable.
FR2859173A1 (fr) * 2003-08-25 2005-03-04 Bernard Biau Greement pivotant a voiles multiples avec plans de substentation

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2923707A1 (de) * 1979-06-12 1980-12-18 Jochen Valett Land- oder wasserfahrzeug mit nichtkraengender segeleinrichtung
WO1987002320A1 (fr) * 1985-10-11 1987-04-23 Petrovich Enrique G Catamaran rapide a auto-redressement

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2923707A1 (de) * 1979-06-12 1980-12-18 Jochen Valett Land- oder wasserfahrzeug mit nichtkraengender segeleinrichtung
WO1987002320A1 (fr) * 1985-10-11 1987-04-23 Petrovich Enrique G Catamaran rapide a auto-redressement

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2157697A1 (es) * 1997-05-21 2001-08-16 Buitron Federico Cantero Motovelero plegable.
ES2205962A1 (es) * 1997-05-21 2004-05-01 Federico Cantero Buitron Motovelero plegable.
ES2205962B1 (es) * 1997-05-21 2005-07-16 Federico Cantero Buitron Motovelero plegable.
WO1999028183A1 (fr) * 1997-12-02 1999-06-10 Berean George S Voile creant de la portance et systeme de voiles
FR2781195A1 (fr) * 1998-07-15 2000-01-21 Michel Paul Rene Hugot Mecanisme de commande des ailes de traction
FR2859173A1 (fr) * 2003-08-25 2005-03-04 Bernard Biau Greement pivotant a voiles multiples avec plans de substentation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU3392395A (en) 1996-03-22

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