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WO1996006306A1 - Systeme de chauffage a controleur de flamme pour vehicule - Google Patents

Systeme de chauffage a controleur de flamme pour vehicule Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1996006306A1
WO1996006306A1 PCT/DE1995/001046 DE9501046W WO9606306A1 WO 1996006306 A1 WO1996006306 A1 WO 1996006306A1 DE 9501046 W DE9501046 W DE 9501046W WO 9606306 A1 WO9606306 A1 WO 9606306A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
combustion chamber
flame
burner
flicker
sensor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/DE1995/001046
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Heinrich Wacker
Edwin Steiert
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Eberspaecher Climate Control Systems GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG filed Critical J Eberspaecher GmbH and Co KG
Publication of WO1996006306A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996006306A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
    • B60H1/2203—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant the heat being derived from burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
    • F23N5/02—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium
    • F23N5/08—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements
    • F23N5/082—Systems for controlling combustion using devices responsive to thermal changes or to thermal expansion of a medium using light-sensitive elements using electronic means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
    • B60H2001/2228—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant controlling the operation of heaters
    • B60H2001/2231—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant controlling the operation of heaters for proper or safe operation of the heater
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/22—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant
    • B60H2001/2246—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant obtaining information from a variable, e.g. by means of a sensor
    • B60H2001/2256—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant obtaining information from a variable, e.g. by means of a sensor related to the operation of the heater itself, e.g. flame detection or overheating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2229/00—Flame sensors
    • F23N2229/08—Flame sensors detecting flame flicker
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
    • F23N2241/00—Applications
    • F23N2241/14—Vehicle heating, the heat being derived otherwise than from the propulsion plant

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a vehicle heating device, with a combustion chamber around which a heat transfer medium flows, on one side of a
  • Burner is closed, and a flame guard, which provides an output signal when it detects a flame in the combustion chamber.
  • Vehicle heaters of this type are used in cars and trucks, in mobile homes, caravan trailers, ships and messengers, buses, but also in construction machinery.
  • the burner which is fed in the usual way from a metering pump with fuel and from a combustion air blower with combustion air, is produced, for example, with the aid of a
  • Nozzle in the combustion chamber a flame.
  • the area of the flame is surrounded by a hollow housing, through which a heat transfer medium, for example water, flows, the heat transfer medium absorbing heat energy.
  • a heat transfer medium for example water
  • the heater is arranged in the area of the engine for various reasons. Basically, but especially when installing the heater in the engine compartment of a vehicle, certain safety requirements must be met to prevent damage
  • a requirement resulting from safety considerations is that a flame must be generated in the combustion chamber within a certain time after the heater is switched on (which means the start of the fuel and combustion air supply). This period of time, which lasts several seconds, must not be exceeded because this means with a high probability that there is a fault, in particular fuel is being supplied to the combustion chamber, but either the ignition does not work or there is no ignitable fuel-air mixture.
  • the "flameless" time in the burner chamber to one maximum permissible value, the possibility should be excluded that fuel can accumulate in the burner chamber, which could lead to an explosion.
  • Enclosed combustion chamber housing a photo cell, the light-sensitive surface facing the combustion chamber.
  • a photocell for example a phototransistor
  • the photocurrent of a photocell for example a phototransistor
  • Signaling the flame may be the result.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a vehicle heater of the type mentioned, in particular a vehicle heater with a burner designed as a nozzle atomizer, in which the
  • the presence of a flame in the combustion chamber can be determined with high reliability.
  • Flicker sensor for rapid changes between light and dark. While the previously usual photocells were afflicted with the errors discussed above and were also fooled by glowing parts inside the combustion chamber, such sources of error are excluded when using a flicker sensor.
  • a flicker sensor By using a flicker sensor, the DC component of the output signal of a photocell, for example a phototransistor, can be filtered out because only the higher-frequency AC component of the signal is of interest. It has been found that a conventional vehicle heater has a photocell output
  • Flicker sensors have been known per se for a long time. They are used in burners for building heating. In heating systems of this type, there is considerable space available in the area of the burner for holding the flicker sensor. Because of the not inconsiderable space requirement, vehicle heaters of the type in question have previously been of the opinion that flicker sensors cannot be used due to structural difficulties.
  • the flicker sensor can also be arranged at a location that is comparatively far away from the flame, without the reliability of the signaling being impaired thereby. Accordingly, the invention proposes in a special development that the flicker sensor is arranged on the side of the burner facing away from the combustion chamber.
  • the flicker sensor is attached to the burner, which is particularly advantageous when the burner as a one-piece component with one to which Combustion chamber forming housing attached combustion chamber base is formed so that the flicker sensor can be attached to the back of the combustion chamber facing away.
  • the flicker sensor delivers a reliable signal even if the light incident on the flicker sensor does not come directly from the flame, but is generated indirectly by reflections on parts inside the combustion chamber.
  • elements of the control are located on the rear of the combustion chamber floor. For this reason, this location is particularly suitable for receiving a flicker sensor, because the flicker sensor contains not only a photo cell, for example a photo transistor, but also an evaluation circuit. These circuit elements can then also be expediently arranged directly in the region of the phototransistor.
  • the light signal reaching the flicker sensor via a viewing window in the combustion chamber floor is evaluated by the evaluation circuit.
  • the flicker sensor contains:
  • a photocell which is fed by a regulated operating voltage
  • the photocell which is preferably a phototransistor, is supplied with a regulated operating voltage
  • the operating point can be automatically set with a suitable selection of the operating voltage such that the photocell always delivers the maximum output signal when a certain amount of light strikes it .
  • Eliminating the DC component eliminates false alarms (both incorrectly displaying a flame and not displaying an existing flame).
  • the reference voltage supplied to the comparator is expediently fed to the comparator via a variable resistor, so that the optimum threshold value can be set.
  • the flicker sensor according to the invention delivers a corresponding signal immediately after the flame has arisen. If the flicker sensor itself is controlled, the same reaction takes place through the device control as with a flame that has not arisen in the combustion chamber. The flicker sensor therefore offers a high level of reliability.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a vehicle heater with nozzle atomizer
  • Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail view of part of the combustion chamber floor with a flicker sensor attached
  • Fig. 3 shows a flicker sensor circuit.
  • a vehicle heater generally designated 10
  • an annular space 6 is formed, which is spiraled by a heat transfer medium through the guide surfaces indicated by dashed lines
  • the water is heated by the flame F.
  • the flame F is generated by a burner designed as a one-piece burner insert 12 with the aid of a flame tube 8.
  • the flame tube ensures a deflection of the hot gases, so that they first in Fig. 1 from left to right inside the flame tube 8 and then in the opposite direction between the outside of the flame tube 8 and the opposite inner wall of the inner housing 4 to one here flow shown exhaust outlet.
  • the burner 12 is attached in Fig. 1 on the left side of the outer housing 2 and consists of a one-piece casting, in which here Fuel channels (not shown), air passages for combustion air (this comes from a blower (not shown here) from the left-hand side and passes through the burner 12 into the area of the flame tube).
  • Fuel reaches a nozzle 18 via a fuel feed line 20 and the fuel channels (not shown) in the burner insert 12 with the aid of a pump driven by an electric motor 16.
  • the electric motor 16 also drives a combustion air blower (not shown), so that combustion air flows through in the direction of the arrow to the right Openings in the burner base 14 flow into the combustion chamber 9 in order to form a combustible fuel / air mixture together with the fuel ejected from the nozzle 18.
  • the mixture is ignited by an ignition device, not shown.
  • control electronics 26 which are located on the
  • a flicker sensor housing 24 is fastened, in which there is a flicker sensor, onto which a window 22 is located
  • FIG. 2 shows details of the in the flicker sensor housing 24 according to FIG.
  • the flicker sensor housing 24 is firmly glued to the back of the combustion chamber base 14 shown on the left in FIG. 2 and contains an opening in a base region which is closed by a protective glass 32.
  • the opening with the protective glass 32 sits on a window which penetrates the combustion chamber floor 14
  • the flicker sensor 30 consists of a photocell, here in the form of a phototransistor, which is fed by a circuit (not shown here) with a regulated voltage V f on the collector side.
  • the emiter is grounded.
  • the voltage V is essentially 2 volts, regardless of the ambient temperature, so that the photocell is always operated at an operating point which ensures maximum output level.
  • An alternating signal with a DC component is indicated on the collector of the photocell.
  • a filter 36 indicated by a capacitor eliminates the
  • This AC signal is rectified by a rectifier 38 and fed to a first input of a comparator 40.
  • An adjustable reference voltage is fed to the other input of the comparator 40 from a reference voltage source V ref via a variable resistor R v .
  • the flicker sensor 30 can be arranged such that the "optical axis" SL in FIG. 2 penetrates the interior of the flame tube 8. In this case, relatively high signal levels are obtained in the area of the photosensitive surface of the phototransistor. But even if such a favorable position of the flickering sensor 30 is not possible, i.e.
  • the optical axis SL of the flickering sensor is not directed directly at the flame F in the flame tube 8, the flickering sensor still functions faultlessly because of the flame tube 8, the inner wall of the Sufficient light is reflected by the flame F in the inner housing 4 and other parts not specified here in the region of the combustion chamber 9 in order to generate corresponding output signals of the flicker sensor 30.
  • Fuel feed line 20 passes through the burner insert 12 to the nozzle 18 and is ejected there.
  • the pump conveying the fuel to the nozzle 18 is driven by the electric motor 16, which also drives a combustion air blower, not shown here, so that combustion air corresponds to that to the left of the
  • Combustion chamber floor 14 arrows is blown through the combustion chamber floor into the area in front of the nozzle 18.
  • the combustion air mixes with the fuel sprayed from the nozzle 18.
  • An ignition device not shown, for example a spark gap, ignites the fuel mixture, so that a flame F forms within the flame tube 8.
  • the ignition device is switched off again after a certain time.
  • the flicker sensor 30 in the flicker sensor housing 24 detects the existence of the flame F through the window 22 in the combustion chamber floor and delivers a corresponding signal at the output A of the one shown in FIG. 3
  • This signal at output A is from the Control electronics 26 detected so that the operation of the vehicle heater continues.
  • the control 26 automatically switches the burner off, that is to say in particular the supply of combustion air and

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)

Abstract

Un système de chauffage pour véhicule contient une chambre de combustion (9) autour de laquelle passe un caloporteur et dans laquelle s'effectue un échange de chaleur entre ledit caloporteur et les gaz échauffés par une flamme. La flamme (F) est produite par un brûleur qui contient un ajutage (18) de pulvérisation du combustible et une soufflante d'air de combustion. Afin d'éviter tout risque d'accumulation du combustible dans la chambre de combustion, lors de la mise en route du système de chauffage pour véhicule, le système se coupe automatiquement si une flamme (F) n'est pas détectée dans la chambre de combustion (9) au bout d'une période définie après la mise en route. A cet effet, un contrôleur de flamme se présentant sous forme de détecteur de vacillement est monté sur la face arrière du brûleur (12), opposée à la chambre de combustion (9). Le détecteur de vacillement se situe dans un boîtier (24) et reçoit de la lumière provenant de la chambre de combustion (9) par une fenêtre (22) ménagée dans la base (14) de la chambre de combustion. Un circuit d'évaluation élimine la composante constante du signal de sortie produit par le détecteur de vacillement. Le signal alternatif qui en résulte peut être exploité de manière fiable.
PCT/DE1995/001046 1994-08-25 1995-08-04 Systeme de chauffage a controleur de flamme pour vehicule Ceased WO1996006306A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4430196A DE4430196C1 (de) 1994-08-25 1994-08-25 Fahrzeugheizgerät mit Flammenwächter
DEP4430196.0 1994-08-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996006306A1 true WO1996006306A1 (fr) 1996-02-29

Family

ID=6526558

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE1995/001046 Ceased WO1996006306A1 (fr) 1994-08-25 1995-08-04 Systeme de chauffage a controleur de flamme pour vehicule

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE4430196C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1996006306A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11365881B2 (en) 2017-03-07 2022-06-21 Webasto SE Burner with improved orifice plate

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6404342B1 (en) * 2001-09-14 2002-06-11 Honeywell International Inc. Flame detector using filtering of ultraviolet radiation flicker
DE10163140B4 (de) * 2001-12-20 2005-10-06 Webasto Ag Heizgerät mit einer Steuerung
DE102004019870A1 (de) * 2004-04-23 2005-11-17 J. Eberspächer GmbH & Co. KG Heizgerät, insbesondere für ein Fahrzeug
DE102011077437A1 (de) * 2011-06-10 2012-12-13 Webasto Ag Fahrzeugheizgerät und Verfahren zum Betreiben eines Fahrzeugheizgerätes

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2946990A (en) * 1954-09-14 1960-07-26 Specialties Dev Corp Apparatus for detecting flame
US3902841A (en) * 1973-12-14 1975-09-02 Forney International Infrared dynamic flame detector
EP0046587A1 (fr) * 1980-08-27 1982-03-03 Honeywell Inc. Système de surveillance de flammes
DE3501719A1 (de) * 1984-07-28 1986-01-30 Webasto-Werk W. Baier GmbH & Co, 8035 Gauting Brennstoffbetriebenes heizgeraet
DE4002570A1 (de) * 1990-01-30 1991-08-01 Webasto Ag Fahrzeugtechnik Brennstoffbetriebenes heizgeraet

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4010570C5 (de) * 1990-04-02 2005-06-02 Siemens Ag Verfahren zur Überwachung von Feuerungsanlagen und Anordnung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2946990A (en) * 1954-09-14 1960-07-26 Specialties Dev Corp Apparatus for detecting flame
US3902841A (en) * 1973-12-14 1975-09-02 Forney International Infrared dynamic flame detector
EP0046587A1 (fr) * 1980-08-27 1982-03-03 Honeywell Inc. Système de surveillance de flammes
DE3501719A1 (de) * 1984-07-28 1986-01-30 Webasto-Werk W. Baier GmbH & Co, 8035 Gauting Brennstoffbetriebenes heizgeraet
DE4002570A1 (de) * 1990-01-30 1991-08-01 Webasto Ag Fahrzeugtechnik Brennstoffbetriebenes heizgeraet

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US11365881B2 (en) 2017-03-07 2022-06-21 Webasto SE Burner with improved orifice plate

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4430196C1 (de) 1996-01-18

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