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WO1996006288A1 - Pare-chocs a coussin d'air pour absorber les chocs - Google Patents

Pare-chocs a coussin d'air pour absorber les chocs Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1996006288A1
WO1996006288A1 PCT/KR1994/000116 KR9400116W WO9606288A1 WO 1996006288 A1 WO1996006288 A1 WO 1996006288A1 KR 9400116 W KR9400116 W KR 9400116W WO 9606288 A1 WO9606288 A1 WO 9606288A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
tubes
air tubes
bumper
sheet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/KR1994/000116
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Won In Lee
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to PCT/KR1994/000116 priority Critical patent/WO1996006288A1/fr
Priority to JP8507954A priority patent/JPH09512893A/ja
Priority to EP94924412A priority patent/EP0783639A1/fr
Publication of WO1996006288A1 publication Critical patent/WO1996006288A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D22/00—Producing hollow articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B60R19/00—Wheel guards; Radiator guards, e.g. grilles; Obstruction removers; Fittings damping bouncing force in collisions
    • B60R19/02—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects
    • B60R19/18—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects characterised by the cross-section; Means within the bumper to absorb impact
    • B60R19/20—Bumpers, i.e. impact receiving or absorbing members for protecting vehicles or fending off blows from other vehicles or objects characterised by the cross-section; Means within the bumper to absorb impact containing mainly gas or liquid, e.g. inflatable
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F9/00—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium
    • F16F9/02—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum
    • F16F9/04—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum in a chamber with a flexible wall
    • F16F9/0436—Springs, vibration-dampers, shock-absorbers, or similarly-constructed movement-dampers using a fluid or the equivalent as damping medium using gas only or vacuum in a chamber with a flexible wall characterised by being contained in a generally closed space
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
    • B29L2031/3044—Bumpers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/712—Containers; Packaging elements or accessories, Packages
    • B29L2031/7138—Shock absorbing

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a buffer article, and more particularly to an air cushion buffer incorporating air cushions therein for absorbing shock applied thereto.
  • the bumper Since the bumper must absorb shock by only several synthetic resin layers at the time of collision, shock absorbing effect can not be maximized thereby causing the occupant to be injured or the automobile to be damaged severely. Also, since the bumper is made of synthetic resin, the bumper is easy to be broken even by small shock, and after the bumper is deformed by shock, the deformed bumper is difficult to return to the original shape.
  • a bumper is provided with three tubes which are filled with pressurized air or helium gas at a low pressure, a middle pressure and a high pressure respectively, and an automobile is provided at its both side areas with several tubes filled with pressurized air or helium so as to absorb shock at the time of overturn.
  • the shock absorbing apparatus is difficult to be manufactured due to its complicated structure and is impractical.
  • the tubes are protruded outward, the tubes are easy to be damaged by a sharp rock or wood at the time of overturn. Hence, when the tubes are damaged, the whole bumper must be substituted.
  • an automobile is formed with air chambers at its bumper and both sides and air is introduced into the air chambers so that the air chambers absorb shock at the time of collision.
  • the shock absorbing apparatus is designed such that when an unit air chamber is damaged, other air chambers are closed by means of a locking device.
  • an existing bumper is additionally provided with the air chambers, additional cost is required in manufacture and difficult manufacturing process is required.
  • service life of the automobile is shortened.
  • the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems occurring in the prior art and an object of the invention is to provide an air cushion buffer which is adapted to absorb shock applied thereto and is lengthened in its service life.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide a method for manufacturing the above air cushion buffer.
  • an air cushion bumper comprising: a base bumper member; a plurality of embossed air tubes attached to an outer surface of the base bumper member; a plurality of air valves provided at the base bumper member, each of the air valves corresponding to each of the embossed air tubes; a cover mounted on the base bumper member and receiving the embossed air tubes to provide an air space between the cover and the embossed air tubes; and elastic resin applied to an outer surface of the cover.
  • the air cushion bumper may have an air supplying duct connected to the air valves to inflate the plurality of embossed air tubes at a time.
  • the air cushion bumper may also have a network positioned between the cover and the elastic resin with an air space therebetween.
  • a method for manufacturing an air cushion article comprising the steps of: arranging a plurality of air tubes on a flat sheet; securing an end of each of the air tubes to the flat sheet by fusing; introducing air into the air tubes; forming a plurality of fused portions at the air tubes at predetermined spacings to provide a plurality of closed air cells; and applying elastic resin to the air tubes to form a desired shape of article.
  • the step of arranging the air tubes may comprise the steps of placing a plurality of air tubes on the flat sheet to form a lower tube layer and placing a plurality of air tubes between the lower air tubes to form an upper tube layer.
  • the step of arranging the air tubes may also comprise the steps of placing a pair of air tubes on the flat sheet and placing an air tube between and on the pair of air tubes.
  • the step of arranging the air tubes may further comprise the steps of wrapping the pair of air tubes with a first fabric sheet to provide air spaces therebetween after placement of the pair of air tubes and wrapping the upper air tube and the first fabric sheet with a second fabric sheet to provide air spaces therebetween.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of an air cushion sheet according to a first embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 2 is a front sectional view of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a side sectional view of Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 4 is a sectional view of an air cushion sheet according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. ⁇ is a sectional view of an air cushion bar according to a third embodiment of the invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a sectional view of an air cushion bar according to a fourth embodiment of the invention
  • Fig. 7 is a sectional view of an air cushion bumper according to a fifth embodiment of the invention and an enlarged view of an essential part thereof;
  • Fig. 8 is a sectional view of an air cushion bumper according to a sixth embodiment of the invention and an enlarged view of an essential part thereof;
  • Fig. 9 is a sectional view of an air cushion bumper according to a seventh embodiment of the invention and an enlarged view of an essential part thereof.
  • the air cushion sheet 1 of the invention comprises a flat sheet 2 and a plurality of air tubes 3, 3'. More specifically stated, the plurality of air tubes 3, 3' are placed on the flat sheet 2 such that the air tubes 3, 3' are parallel to each other. Each of the air tubes 3, 3' is secured at its both ends to the flat sheet 2 by fusing. The plurality of air tubes 3, 3' are filled with air. Each of the air tubes 3, 3' is formed with several fused portions 4 at middle points between the both ends such that a plurality of air cells are formed at the air tubes 3, 3, and can not be in communication with one another.
  • the air tubes 3, 3' secured to the flat sheet 2 is embedded in elastic resin 5 such as polyurethan resin by applying the resin to the air tubes 3, 3' so that the resulting cushion sheet 1 has a flat sheet shape.
  • the air cushion sheet of the invention may be manufactured as described hereinafter.
  • a plurality of air tubes 3, 3' each is closed at an end by fusing and filled with air through the other end.
  • the air tubes 3, 3' each is closed at the other end by fusing and then formed with several fused portions 4 at middle points between the both ends, so that a plurality of air cells are provided to the air tubes 3, 3'.
  • the resulting air tubes 3, 3' having the air cells are attached to the flat sheet 2 such that the air tubes 3, 3' are parallel to each other.
  • the air tubes 3, 3 1 are applied with elastic resin 5 so that the resulting air cushion sheet 1 has a flat sheet shape.
  • the air cushion sheet of the invention is provided with a plurality of air tubes 3, 3' each having a plurality of air cells, even though one of the air cells is damaged, the air cushion sheet can obtain absorbing effect by other air cells. Accordingly, the air cushion sheet of the invention can be used as a wall and a floor sheets of a building or inner and outer cushion sheets of an automobile.
  • FIG. 4 there is shown an air cushion sheet according to a second embodiment of the invention.
  • a plurality of air tubes 3, 3' are placed on a flat sheet 2 so that the air tubes 3, 3' are spaced from and parallel to each other, thereby forming a first tube layer.
  • a plurality of air tubes 6 are placed between and on the arranged air tubes 3, 3' so as to form a second tube layer.
  • the arranged air tubes 3, 3' and 6 each is closed at an end by fusing and filled with air through the other end. Thereafter, the air tubes each is formed with several fused portions at predetermined spacings so that the air tube has a plurality of closed air cells.
  • the resulting air tubes 3, 3' and 6 are applied with elastic resin 5 to form a flat air cushion sheet 1.
  • the air cushion sheet of the invention may be manufactured as described hereinafter.
  • a plurality of air tubes 3, 3' and 6 each is closed at an end by fusing.
  • the air tubes each is filled with air through the other end and then closed at the other end.
  • the air tubes filled with air are formed with a plurality of fused portions at several points between the both ends, thereby forming a plurality of closed air cells.
  • the air tubes 3, 3' and 6 having the plurality of air cells are attached to a flat sheet 2 to form first and second tube layers.
  • the air tubes 3, 3' and 6 attached to the flat sheet are applied with elastic resin 5 to form a flat air cushion sheet 1.
  • the air cushion sheet 1 of the invention which has been manufactured in such a manner that the additional air tubes 6 are placed between the lower air tubes 3, 3' attached to the flat sheet 2 and then the air tubes 3, 3' and 6 attached to the flat sheet 2 are applied with elastic resin 5 can obtain dual absorbing effect.
  • the air cushion sheet 1 of the invention can be also used as a wall and a floor sheets of a building or inner and outer cushion sheets of an automobile.
  • FIG. 5 there is shown an air cushion bar according to a third embodiment of the invention.
  • a pair of air tubes 3, 3' are placed on a flat sheet 2 and an upper air tube 7 is placed between the lower air tubes 3, 3'.
  • the lower and upper air tubes 3, 3' and 7 attached to the flat sheet 2 are filled with air.
  • the resulting air tubes 3, 3' and 7 are applied with elastic resin 5 to form a flat air cushion bar.
  • the air cushion bar of the invention may be manufactured as described hereinafter.
  • a pair of lower air tubes 3, 3' and an upper air tube 7 each is closed at an end by fusing and then filled with air.
  • the air tubes 3, 3' and 7 filled with air are formed with a plurality of fused portions 4 at predetermined spacings so that the air tubes are provided with a plurality of air cells.
  • the lower and upper air tubes 3, 3 and 7 having air cells are attached to a flat sheet and then applied with elastic resin 5 to a flat air cushion bar 8.
  • the fused portions may not be formed at the air tubes. Since the above air cushion bar is shaped into a bumper form for an automobile, the air cushion bar can be used as a bumper for an automobile.
  • FIG. 6 there is shown an air cushion bar according to a fourth embodiment of the invention.
  • a pair of lower air tubes 3, 3' and an upper air tube 11 each is closed at an end by fusing and then filled with air.
  • the air tubes 3, 3' and 11 filled with air are formed with a plurality of fused portions 4 at predetermined spacings so that the air tubes are provided with a plurality of air cells.
  • the pair of lower air tubes 3, 3' are placed on a flat sheet and then held in place by wrapping the air tubes 3, 3' with a fabric sheet 10 and fixing the both ends of the fabric sheet 10 to the flat sheet 2.
  • the upper air tube 11 is placed between the lower air tubes 3, 3' and then held in place by a fabric sheet 12 in a manner similar to that of the lower air tubes 3, 3' .
  • the inner space defined by the outer fabric sheet 12 is filled with air.
  • elastic resin 13 is applied to the outer fabric sheet 12 surrounding the lower and upper air tubes 3, 3' and 11 to form a desired shape of air cushion bar.
  • the fused portions may not be also formed.
  • the air cushion sheet may be shaped into a bumper form for an automobile and may be attached to front and rear frame of an automobile.
  • FIG. 7 there is shown an air cushion bumper according to a fifth embodiment of the invention.
  • a plurality of embossed air tubes 3, 3' are placed on an existing base bumper 111.
  • the base bumper 111 is provided with air valves 112 at positions corresponding to the air tubes 3, 3'.
  • Air is introduced into the air tubes 3, 3' through the air valves 112.
  • the inflated air tubes 3, 3' are received in a cover 113 so that air spaces 106 are defined between the air tubes 3, 3' and the cover 113.
  • Elastic resin 107 such as polyurethan resin is applied to the cover 113, thereby forming the air cushion bumper 101 of the invention.
  • the air tubes 3, 3 1 are filled with air through the air valves 112 functioning as safety pins, the air tubes can be freely filled with air.
  • shock applied to the air cushion bumper is absorbed firstly by the elastic resin 107, secondly by the air spaces 106 defined by the cover 113 and the air tubes 3, 3 1 and thirdly by the air tubes 3, 3'. Accordingly the absorbing effect by the air cushion bumper of the invention is considerably enhanced.
  • FIG. 8 there is shown an air cushion bumper according to a sixth embodiment of the invention.
  • the air cushion bumper 101 of this embodiment is constructed in a manner similar to that of the fifth embodiment but an air supplying duct 112 is provided therein.
  • the air supplying duct 112 is provided inside of the base bumper 111, and the air tubes 3, 3' are in communication with the air supplying duct 112 through the air valves 112 functioning as safety pins.
  • the air supplying duct 115 is in communication with an air pump (not shown) . Consequently, the plurality of air tubes 3, 3' can be inflated at a time by the air valves 112 and the air supplying duct 115. That is, when the air filled in the air tubes 3, 3' is insufficient because of temperature variance, the plurality of air tubes 3, 3' can be filled with air at a time.
  • FIG. 9 there is shown an air cushion bumper according to a seventh embodiment of the invention.
  • the air cushion bumper 101 of this embodiment is also constructed in a manner similar to that of the fifth embodiment but a network 117 is provided therein.
  • the network 117 is positioned at an outer surface of a cover 213.
  • the air cushion bumper 101 of this embodiment is characterized in that a second space 206 is provided between the network 117 and the elastic resin 107. Accordingly, since shock applied to the air cushion bumper
  • the air cushion buffer of the invention is provided with a plurality of air tubes, the outer appearance is simple because of compactness of the air tubes and the outer elastic resin layer. Also, although an unit air tube is damaged, the air cushion buffer can be stably used because the damage of the air tube does not affect other air tubes. In addition, the air cushion buffer of the invention has the air tubes, the elastic resin layer and the air space therebetween, shock absorbing effect by the air cushion buffer of the invention can be considerably enhanced.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Fluid-Damping Devices (AREA)
  • Buffer Packaging (AREA)

Abstract

Nappe à coussin d'air (1) et pare-chocs (101) à coussin d'air permettant d'absorber les chocs qui lui sont imprimés. La nappe à coussin d'air (1) est constituée d'une nappe plane, d'une série de conduites d'air (3, 3'), dont chacune comporte une série de cellules d'air closes, disposées sur la nappe plane, et d'une résine élastique plaquée sur les conduites d'air. Le pare-chocs à coussin d'air (101) comprend une base (111) présentant sur sa face externe une série de conduites d'air (3, 3'), dont chacune comporte une valve (112). Il comprend en outre une enveloppe abritant les conduites d'air (3, 3') ainsi qu'une résine élastique (107) appliquée sur la face externe de l'enveloppe (113).
PCT/KR1994/000116 1994-08-24 1994-08-24 Pare-chocs a coussin d'air pour absorber les chocs Ceased WO1996006288A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/KR1994/000116 WO1996006288A1 (fr) 1994-08-24 1994-08-24 Pare-chocs a coussin d'air pour absorber les chocs
JP8507954A JPH09512893A (ja) 1994-08-24 1994-08-24 衝撃吸収用エアークッションバッファ
EP94924412A EP0783639A1 (fr) 1994-08-24 1994-08-24 Pare-chocs a coussin d'air pour absorber les chocs

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/KR1994/000116 WO1996006288A1 (fr) 1994-08-24 1994-08-24 Pare-chocs a coussin d'air pour absorber les chocs

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1996006288A1 true WO1996006288A1 (fr) 1996-02-29

Family

ID=19375299

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/KR1994/000116 Ceased WO1996006288A1 (fr) 1994-08-24 1994-08-24 Pare-chocs a coussin d'air pour absorber les chocs

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0783639A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH09512893A (fr)
WO (1) WO1996006288A1 (fr)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998026196A1 (fr) * 1996-12-12 1998-06-18 Grizot Gerard Procede de realisation d'un coussin d'air sur une structure de reception et coussin d'air obtenu par le procede
WO2004074709A1 (fr) * 2003-02-20 2004-09-02 Survitec Group Limited Structures amortissant les chocs
DE10339125A1 (de) * 2003-08-22 2005-03-17 Seeber Ag & Co. Kg Flächenförmige Anordnung
US7131674B2 (en) 2003-07-03 2006-11-07 Netshape International, Llc Bumper system incorporating thermoformed energy absorber
US7163243B2 (en) 2004-12-13 2007-01-16 Netshape International, Llc Bumper for pedestrian impact having thermoformed energy absorber
US7228723B2 (en) 2004-07-01 2007-06-12 Netshape Energy Management Llc Bumper impact-testing device
EP2944724A4 (fr) * 2013-01-11 2016-10-19 Gor Air Protectores Hinchables S L Dispositif de protection d'obstacles
EP4100661A4 (fr) * 2020-02-06 2024-03-27 Bruce V. Weeks Éléments d'absorption d'impact, systèmes et procédés d'utilisation

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018117293A1 (fr) * 2016-12-21 2018-06-28 박은숙 Sac en vrac ayant une boucle autoportante
JP2023048207A (ja) * 2021-09-28 2023-04-07 株式会社Subaru 車両用衝撃吸収部材

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE460294C (de) * 1928-05-23 Johannes Weiss Unterlagsplatte
FR1391923A (fr) * 1964-01-29 1965-03-12 Beldam Latty Ets Joint d'étanchéité gonflable
FR2374562A1 (fr) * 1976-12-17 1978-07-13 Hutchinson Mapa Nouvelles bandes de protection d'elements fixes ou mobiles
EP0302139A1 (fr) * 1987-08-05 1989-02-08 WOCO Franz-Josef Wolf & Co. Elément ressort du type à flexion

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE460294C (de) * 1928-05-23 Johannes Weiss Unterlagsplatte
FR1391923A (fr) * 1964-01-29 1965-03-12 Beldam Latty Ets Joint d'étanchéité gonflable
FR2374562A1 (fr) * 1976-12-17 1978-07-13 Hutchinson Mapa Nouvelles bandes de protection d'elements fixes ou mobiles
EP0302139A1 (fr) * 1987-08-05 1989-02-08 WOCO Franz-Josef Wolf & Co. Elément ressort du type à flexion

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998026196A1 (fr) * 1996-12-12 1998-06-18 Grizot Gerard Procede de realisation d'un coussin d'air sur une structure de reception et coussin d'air obtenu par le procede
FR2757236A1 (fr) * 1996-12-12 1998-06-19 Grizot Gerard Procede de realisation d'un coussin d'air sur une structure de reception et coussin d'air obtenu par le procede
WO2004074709A1 (fr) * 2003-02-20 2004-09-02 Survitec Group Limited Structures amortissant les chocs
US7131674B2 (en) 2003-07-03 2006-11-07 Netshape International, Llc Bumper system incorporating thermoformed energy absorber
US7222897B2 (en) 2003-07-03 2007-05-29 Netshape Energy Management Llc Method of constructing bumper incorporating thermoformed energy absorber
US7494165B2 (en) 2003-07-03 2009-02-24 Netshape Energy Management Llc Method of making bumper system using thermoformed component
DE10339125A1 (de) * 2003-08-22 2005-03-17 Seeber Ag & Co. Kg Flächenförmige Anordnung
US7228723B2 (en) 2004-07-01 2007-06-12 Netshape Energy Management Llc Bumper impact-testing device
US7163243B2 (en) 2004-12-13 2007-01-16 Netshape International, Llc Bumper for pedestrian impact having thermoformed energy absorber
EP2944724A4 (fr) * 2013-01-11 2016-10-19 Gor Air Protectores Hinchables S L Dispositif de protection d'obstacles
EP4100661A4 (fr) * 2020-02-06 2024-03-27 Bruce V. Weeks Éléments d'absorption d'impact, systèmes et procédés d'utilisation

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH09512893A (ja) 1997-12-22
EP0783639A1 (fr) 1997-07-16

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