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WO1995006845A1 - Procede de combustion de combustibles solides et grille comprenant des elements plats superposes - Google Patents

Procede de combustion de combustibles solides et grille comprenant des elements plats superposes Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1995006845A1
WO1995006845A1 PCT/SE1994/000799 SE9400799W WO9506845A1 WO 1995006845 A1 WO1995006845 A1 WO 1995006845A1 SE 9400799 W SE9400799 W SE 9400799W WO 9506845 A1 WO9506845 A1 WO 9506845A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
grate
primary air
grate means
underring
gear
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/SE1994/000799
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Mats KARLSTRÖM
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
RK ENERGI AB
Original Assignee
RK ENERGI AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by RK ENERGI AB filed Critical RK ENERGI AB
Priority to AU76273/94A priority Critical patent/AU7627394A/en
Priority to EP94926433A priority patent/EP0714495A1/fr
Publication of WO1995006845A1 publication Critical patent/WO1995006845A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23H—GRATES; CLEANING OR RAKING GRATES
    • F23H1/00—Grates with solid bars
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B1/00—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel
    • F23B1/16—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel the combustion apparatus being modified according to the form of grate or other fuel support
    • F23B1/28—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel the combustion apparatus being modified according to the form of grate or other fuel support using ridge-type grate, e.g. for combustion of peat, sawdust, or pulverulent fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23B—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING ONLY SOLID FUEL
    • F23B1/00—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel
    • F23B1/30—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel characterised by the form of combustion chamber
    • F23B1/34—Combustion apparatus using only lump fuel characterised by the form of combustion chamber annular

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method of gasification/combustion of a solid fuel in a furnace by means of a grate device comprising a plurality of grate means, positioned on different levels, which device is intended to be positioned at the bottom portion of the furnace.
  • the invention also relates to a grate device which is usable for carrying out the method.
  • Grate devices for furnaces in which a solid fuel is intended to be gasified/burnt up are previously known in the market.
  • the drawback of the known devices is that they do not give a complete gasification/combustion of the fuel.
  • This grate device in contrast to the known grate devices, gives an extremely effective gasification/combustion of the fuel. This has been made possible by the fact that the grate device has the features which appear from the claims.
  • Fig 1 shows a schematic sketch of a furnace in which the new grate device is intended to be used
  • Fig 2 shows the grate device, seen from above
  • Fig 3 shows the grate device, seen from the side and divided into grate means
  • Fig 4-12 show the grate means being integral parts of the grate device.
  • the grate device 1 has a plurality of grate means 3-7 which have an essentially round design with mutually different diameters. These grate means are intended to be superposed in relation to each other, the means being positioned in that way that the diameter is reduced in the direction upwards. Due to that fact the grate device 1 gets a design which is sloping downwards, seen from the upper, central portion of the grate device.
  • the grate device 1 has a hole 8 in its central portion, which hole goes through the device and through which hole the solid fuel is intended to be fed in the direction from below and upwards. Due to the sloping design of the outside of the grate device, the fuel will slide down along the device and accordingly form a layer, which is of relatively uniform thickness, on the outside of the grate device.
  • the grate device 1 comprises five different grate means 3-7, each of the four uppermost grate means comprising two rings, an upperring A and an underring B.
  • the lowermost grate means 7 comprises only one ring and has a design which is similar to the design of the upperrings 4A, 5A and 6A.
  • All upperrings 3A-7 are designed as an essentially circular plate in which has been made an essentially circular recess 9. Due to that fact there is created an area 10, comprising material, between the periphery 11 of the the plate and the periphery 12 of the hole 9, i.e. the inner edge portion of the area 10.
  • the upperrings 4A-7 In this area of the upperrings 4A-7 (see fig 12) has been made a great number of holes 13, which go through the upperrings and have an essentially regular placing around the rings.
  • the function of the holes 13 is to lead primary air up through the grate device so that the gasification/combustion of the fuel can proceed in an effective way.
  • the uppermost upperring 3 A has not these holes going through the ring but has in similiarity with the remaining rings the central hole 9, which goes through the ring.
  • the upperrings 5A, 6A are provided with two holes 13A, B, which are positioned close to each other. These two upperrings can be turned some degrees during operation, whereby the primary air only goes up through the one hole 13A, B. Due to that fact the hole area of the primary air can be reduced with up to 30%.
  • each grate means 3-6 comprises an underring B, which accordingly is positioned under respective upperring A.
  • Respective underring 3B - 6B has a very special design, which is apparent from the drawings.
  • Each underring has two main purposes: Partly it shall distribute the primary air hitting the underside of the superposed upperring, partly it shall make possible a passage of primary air up through the grate device.
  • each underring 3B - 6B (see particularly fig 11) has a periphery 14 which is like the periphery of a gear-wheel but with that difference that the "points of the gear-wheel" 15 has a rounded design in this case.
  • delimitation walls 17, 18 The purpose of these delimitation walls is to distribute the primary air hitting against the underside of the superposed upperring towards the fuel lying on the outside of the grate device 1 with a low velocity which does not exceed 4 m/s. Due to this fact the gasification/combustion of the fuel is made more effective.
  • This new construction where the primary air passing the holes 13A, B, in for instance the upperring 6A, hits against the underside of the upperring 5 A has the consequence that the pressure fall of the primary air becomes great. This great pressure fall, which ought to exceed 400 pascal, is a condition that the air reaching the fuel hearth becomes uniformly distributed.
  • each grate means 3-7 has a central hole 19 and so has also the underring 6B (see fig 11). Due to that fact there is an area 20, comprising material, between the perephery 14 of the underring 6B and the periphery of the hole 19.
  • the inner edge portion 21 of this area 20, i.e. the peripheral portion of the hole has a reversed gear- wheel-like design with rounded points 22, i.e. the "points of the gear-wheel" 22 are directed towards the center of the underring 6B.
  • each recess 22 which exists between two adjacent "points” 22 is positioned in that way that it is essentially right before the "point of the gear-wheel” 15 at the outer, peripheral portion of the underring 6B. Furthermore, each recess 23 has essentially straight delimitation edges 24, 25.
  • the purpose of the recesses 23 of the underrings 4B-6B is to create a space for the streaming of the primary air from below and upwards in the grate device 1. Due to that fact the fuel on the entire outside of the grate device gets a good supply of primary air.
  • the underring 3B which is that one of the underrings, which is intended to be positioned on the top of the device, is different regarding the design from the remaining underrings 4B-6B.
  • the inner edge portion 21 of the area 20, provided with material, of this underring has essentially circular form.
  • the grate device functions in the following way. In this connection is presumed that the grate device is positioned at the bottom portion of a furnace and that primary air is supplied to the grate device from below.
  • the recesses 23 at the inner edge portion 21 of the area 20 of the underring 6B have such a design and are so arranged that when applying the upperring 6A on this underring, the holes 13A, B of the upperring 6A end up essentially straightly above the recesses 23.
  • the one hole 13A, B gets out of position in relation to the recess 16 of the superposed underring 5B. Due to that fact, as has been mentioned previously, the hole area for the primary air streaming upwards can be strongly reduced. This fact makes great variations regarding the power output possible. Thus, it is possible with this new invention to vary the power output from a maximum value to a value being under 10% of the maximum value. This is of course a great advantage from an economic point of view. In a similar way the primary air will be distributed out to the fuel hearth on the levels lying above.
  • this invention makes possible an extremely good distribution of primary air into the fuel hearth along the outside of the entire grate device 1.
  • the invention is of course not limited to the mentioned embodiment but can be modified within the scope of the following claims.
  • it is not necessary to feed the fuel to the grate device from below, but the fuel should be able to be fed to the grate device from above.
  • the grate device can of course have another design than the shown one. For instance, it could be designed in that way that it rises in steps.
  • the grate means are made circular but they could have another design.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à un procédé de gazéification/combustion d'un combustible solide dans une chambre de combustion au moyen d'une grille comprenant une pluralité d'éléments de grille positionnés sur différents niveaux, ce dispositif étant prévu pour être placé dans la partie inférieure de la chambre de combustion. Selon l'invention, le procédé se caractérise par la combinaison des étapes suivantes: on fait sortir le combustible solide pour l'amener sous la partie externe de la grille de sorte que celui-ci forme une couche sur cette grille; on fait monter l'air primaire par la grille (1), et celui-ci, lors de son passage d'un élément de grille à un élément de grille superposé (3-6), vient en contact avec la partie inférieure de cet élément de grille, la chute de pression de l'air primaire devenant alors importante; l'air primaire est uniformément et efficacement réparti, à l'extérieur, dans le combustible se trouvant sur la partie externe de la grille (1), et il peut circuler vers l'extérieur à partir de chaque élément de grille (3-6) à faible vitesse. L'invention se rapporte également à une grille qui peut être utilisée pour réaliser ce procédé.
PCT/SE1994/000799 1993-09-01 1994-08-31 Procede de combustion de combustibles solides et grille comprenant des elements plats superposes Ceased WO1995006845A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU76273/94A AU7627394A (en) 1993-09-01 1994-08-31 Method for combustion of solid fuels and grate comprising superposed flat elements
EP94926433A EP0714495A1 (fr) 1993-09-01 1994-08-31 Procede de combustion de combustibles solides et grille comprenant des elements plats superposes

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9302820A SE9302820D0 (sv) 1993-09-01 1993-09-01 Rosteranordning
SE9302820-7 1993-09-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1995006845A1 true WO1995006845A1 (fr) 1995-03-09

Family

ID=20390943

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE1994/000799 Ceased WO1995006845A1 (fr) 1993-09-01 1994-08-31 Procede de combustion de combustibles solides et grille comprenant des elements plats superposes

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0714495A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU7627394A (fr)
SE (1) SE9302820D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1995006845A1 (fr)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE207463C1 (fr) *
US1673668A (en) * 1927-06-20 1928-06-12 Ollie L Erion Cone-grate stoker
US1889548A (en) * 1931-08-04 1932-11-29 Superior Coal Comb Company Grate
CH171642A (fr) * 1932-09-27 1934-09-15 Hereng Andre Foyer automatique.

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE207463C1 (fr) *
US1673668A (en) * 1927-06-20 1928-06-12 Ollie L Erion Cone-grate stoker
US1889548A (en) * 1931-08-04 1932-11-29 Superior Coal Comb Company Grate
CH171642A (fr) * 1932-09-27 1934-09-15 Hereng Andre Foyer automatique.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU7627394A (en) 1995-03-22
SE9302820D0 (sv) 1993-09-01
EP0714495A1 (fr) 1996-06-05

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