WO1995006517A1 - Process for producing a reaction mxiture of at least two reaction components and mixing head for implementing the process - Google Patents

Abstract

In a process for producing a reaction mixture of at least two reaction components with a mixing head, the reaction components taken to the mixing head are arranged in at least two separate layers which are immediately adjacent at least in the output region, the reaction components arranged in layers leave the layered arrangement region at the same time and after leaving the layered arrangement the reaction components are brought into mutual contact. The mixing head (1) for implementing the process has a reaction component feed and there are at least two chambers separating the reaction components, the chambers have at least one aperture conveying the components and the apertures are arranged to discharge the components in layers, thus providing a device and process with the aid of which it is possible to produce a reaction mixture of different reaction components without the mixing head's becoming blocked, thus avoiding the need for cleaning stages between the individual processes or utilisation cycles of the mixing head.

Description

Process for producing a reaction mixture from at least two reaction components and mixing head for carrying out the process

Description:

The invention relates to a method for producing a reaction mixture from at least two reaction components with the features of the preamble of claim 1 and a device for carrying out the method with the features of the preamble of patent claim 5.

With conventional mixing heads, which are used when processing two or more component materials such as adhesives, lacquers, fillers and sealants, frequent cleaning processes of the mixing heads are necessary due to the desired short pot life.

Such cleaning of the mixing heads takes place e.g. with the help of solvents or by so-called blind shots, i.e. it is necessary to clean the mixing head after each work process, otherwise the mixing head will fail. Such cleaning or making a

Blind shot is also necessary if there are time spans between the individual uses of the mixing head which correspond approximately to the reaction time of the individual reaction components. Such cleaning processes lead on the one hand to a not inconsiderable increase in the cost of the production process, since in addition to the costs for the procurement of such solvents, there are also disposal costs and on the other hand to considerable environmental pollution.

In addition, the need to clean the mixing heads in a conventional manner means that a relatively high structural design is required, i. H. appropriate cleaning devices within the mixing chamber e.g. special tappets are required to ensure that, during the relatively short dwell time in the mixing head, uniform mixing of the material components is achieved, on the one hand, and, on the other hand, the material components are removed from the material during any breaks or breaks

Mixing chamber must be removed to counteract a failure of the mixing head.

The invention is therefore based on the object of a method for producing a reaction mixture from at least two

To provide reaction components in which, on the one hand, there is an optimal mixing or mixing of the reaction components and thus an optimal reaction of the individual components with one another, and on the other hand an intermediate cleaning in the event of any interruptions in the

Work process, whether it is not necessary due to breaks in work or also due to tape control technical requirements, ie the use of solvents and so-called blind shots can be dispensed with. The invention is further based on the object of providing a mixing head for carrying out the method, ie a mixing head in which the individual reaction components cannot be removed from the mixing head in each case in the phases of the head not being used, be it due to production-related specifications or work breaks , ie not this one is to be cleaned in each case and this at the same time with a simple constructive and thus inexpensive and reliable construction of the mixing head.

This object is achieved by a method and a device of the aforementioned type with the features of patent claims 1 and / or 5. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

The fact that the reaction components fed to the mixing head are arranged in at least two layers which are separate from one another and at least immediately adjacent to one another at least in the outlet region, in that the reaction components arranged in layers simultaneously leave the region of the layered arrangement, and that after leaving the layered arrangement there is contact the reaction components come together, it is ensured that it is caused, on the one hand, by the layered arrangement and the simultaneous layer-by-layer exiting of the

Mixing head comes to an optimal reaction between the individual components and therefore to an optimal formation of the desired reaction mixture. At the same time, it is ensured that there are no reactions between the components within the mixing head, so that even if the components remain in the mixing head for a long time, no intermediate cleaning has to be carried out in order to remove any reaction mixtures or to prevent the components from reacting with one another. This avoids the need for so-called blind shots or the use of solvents between the individual work steps.

If there is contact between the reaction components immediately after leaving the layered arrangement, this ensures that the individual components come into contact with one another in the desired layer-by-layer arrangement immediately after leaving the mixing head, thereby ensuring that the components react optimally with one another.

If at least one of the reaction components is arranged in at least two separate layers and if at least one reaction component different from this is arranged between the at least two layers of the reaction component and when the layered arrangement leaves the reaction components in this layering sequence, this ensures that there is an optimal mixing of the reaction components without further technical aids, and thus an optimal reaction of the components and the associated creation of the reaction mixture.

If all of the reaction components are arranged in at least two separate layers and the

Reaction components in contact with one another in this layering sequence when leaving the layered arrangement, this increases the mixing of the individual components with one another, so that a very good reaction of the components with one another is thereby ensured.

The fact that at least two chambers separating the reaction components from one another, that the chambers have at least one opening that releases the components, and that the openings are arranged in layers that release the components, ensures that the method with the mixing head according to the invention is carried out because the individual components are separated from one another are arranged separately in the mixing head and are dispensed in layers or dispensed in layers, at least in the dispensing area. It also ensures that the components in their layered arrangement come into contact with one another in layers when they leave the chambers.

If spaced-apart and chamber-forming partitions are provided and each of the chambers is designed so that it can be brought into engagement with at least one component feed, this ensures that there is no undesired mixing of the individual components in the mixing head either during the supply or while in the mixing head comes, rather an optimal arrangement of the individual layers is made possible and guaranteed, ie, the individual components can be arranged in the most sensible manner for the special reaction mixture in such a way that there is an individual layering, ie , layer-by-layer sequence of the reaction components and thus an optimum effect is achieved.

In addition, there is the possibility of individual control or loading of the individual chambers and thus also pressurization and / or configuration and thus control of the flow rate of the individual chambers.

If at least one of the component feeds is connected to at least two chambers, this enables the components to be divided into simple, but all the more practical and therefore more effective, different chambers, thereby separating and optimally distributing the individual components.

If the chambers are separated from one another by lamella-shaped intermediate walls, a chamber separation is achieved which is characterized on the one hand by a low weight and on the other hand by a simple Manufacturing possibility and thus a minimization of the creation costs.

If spacers are arranged between the lamellar-shaped partition walls, this enables a very thin configuration of the partition walls with high stability and low weight of the mixing head.

If the spacers are configured as seals arranged at the end, sealing the chambers and leaving at least one component discharge opening, firstly, as already described, high stability is achieved with low weight and a structurally simple structure, and secondly it is ensured that the individual chambers are mutually optimal Are sealed off.

If the seals are designed in one piece with the partitions and have projections that have a sealing compound, this achieves a maximum of safety and reliability with a minimum of production costs.

If the mixing head has an at least largely circular cross section, the partitions delimiting the chambers being arranged coaxially to the central axis of the mixing head and having different diameters and being tubular, the result is that the mixing head can be used in a variety of ways with a small space requirement, ie, u. a. in z. B. tubes and at the same time the mixing head itself can also be handled manually without the need for separate handles.

If the chambers are designed to be open at the end over the entire cross-sectional area of the mixing head, this results in a maximum release quantity of the reaction components and thus the resulting reaction mixture achieved with a minimum of mixing head size.

If the component feeds, the chambers and intermediate walls are at least partially penetrating, this means that the component feeds can be connected directly to the mixing head without the need to have feeds to the individual chambers to be arranged in the outer region of the mixing head, i.e. , a compact design of the mixing head is guaranteed.

Due to the fact that the volume flow ratios for each component are designed so that they are infinitely variable, the individual components can be individually controlled in terms of their supply, that is to say the supply quantity and thus the discharge quantity.

If the mixing head has an essentially layered structure, the chambers are at least essentially formed by a cutout arranged in at least one lamellar layer and the adjoining layers delimiting the cutout, and the chambers are each connected to at least one opening in an adjacent layer designed standing, this makes it possible to dispense with separate, penetrating the chambers

Feed lines and thus an extremely simple construction of the mixing head, i.e. the individual fins can e.g. B. consist of stamped steel sheet without a particularly high precision is required here.

In addition, the individual sheets can also have an extremely low thickness, without this leading to loss of stability or requiring a special structural design. In addition, it is ensured by such a structure that the individual chambers maintain their operational readiness in daily use even when the mixing head is subjected to the greatest stress, ie the size and shape intended for them.

If the layers arranged in the flow direction of the components in front of the lamellar layers with cutouts have at least two openings, the chamber size is thereby limited and at the same time it is ensured that the individual components are supplied to the chambers.

Have the lamellar layers having the cutout at least one breakthrough not connected to the cutout, it is thereby achieved that the components can also be passed through the corresponding layers at the chamber present there, only to then enter the z. B. to penetrate the following chamber.

Are those arranged in the lamellar layers

Breakthroughs designed to be arranged to form at least two channels interrupted by delivery spaces, this ensures that the mixing head according to the invention can be charged with at least two components which react with one another without the need for a separate component line in the mixing head.

If the mixing head has an essentially layered structure, the chambers are essentially formed by a recess arranged in the layers and the layers adjoining them, each of the chambers is equipped with a component delivery tube and the chambers are each provided with at least one opening in the adjacent one Designed layer in connection, so a mixing head is provided in which the chamber is not in one For example, largely vertical position, that is, must be arranged in a position coaxial to the dispensing direction, but rather also in an angular position of z. B. 90 ° to the discharge direction, so that the mixing head z. B. can be designed as a cylinder and can have a corresponding tubular component delivery on its delivery side.

If the layer having the recess has a breakthrough in the region of the recess, this enables the component to be passed on to the next chamber, i.e. a layer-by-layer delivery of the individual components.

If the layers arranged in the direction of flow of the components in front of the layers with a recess each have at least two openings, this ensures on the one hand that the first chamber in the direction of flow of the components also experiences a spatial limitation directed against the direction of flow and on the other hand in the simplest way and how a connection to the component feeds is possible.

If the layer having the depression has at least one opening which is not connected to the depression, this ensures that a component-by-layer exit is ensured, i.e. , a continuation of a different component located in the chamber into a separate chamber.

If the openings arranged in the layers are designed to be arranged so as to form at least two channels interrupted by chambers, a component feedthrough in the mixing head is thereby created which has a separate feedthrough such as, for. B. a pipe or hose system, as a feed to the individual chambers can be dispensed with. If the delivery tubes of the layers interlocking to form a defined delivery layer thickness, this ensures in the simplest but all the more effective way that the individual component layer thicknesses can be selected individually, that is, depending on the respective inner and outer diameter of the interlocking tubes.

If the component feeder is a cartridge, this enables the mixing head to be used independently of a stationary one

Plant, but rather also flexible at the respective place of use, i.e. , The individual components are not fed to the mixing head via appropriate lines, but rather the mixing head and the cartridge form a unit that ensures use without appropriate logistics.

Is a device that vibrates him such. B. a vibrator is provided so that the adhesive film starts to vibrate and thereby improved mixing of the individual components is achieved when exiting the mixing head, this vibration by z. B. a vibrator, but also by ultrasound or other appropriate devices can be achieved.

If an application roller that receives the components is arranged on the exit side, the emerging layers are deformed and folded, and a high degree of mixing of the individual components, even with viscous components, is ensured.

The distance on the exit side is preferably 1000 to

2000 microns, so extremely thin layers are provided at least on the discharge side and a reaction of these individual layers with each other in an optimal manner is achieved directly, because of the arrangement of the layers and the direct contact after leaving the mixing head there is already a desired and controlled mixing of the components.

5 If the cartridge has the bags containing the individual components, the side of the bags opposite the dispensing side is fixed at a distance from it and a piston which presses the bags against the inner wall of the housing and is arranged so as to be vertically displaceable is achieved in that the individual components are achieved in the

Cartridge are arranged separately, i.e. , without the risk of mixing and that the individual components of the cartridge can be removed without any significant effort.

5 If the mutually facing sides of the bags are arranged at a distance from one another at least on their side opposite the component delivery side, this ensures optimal functioning of the cartridge, since it is ensured that the piston 0 located in the cartridge always comes into the optimal working position.

In the drawing, seven exemplary embodiments of the mixing head according to the invention, in particular for producing a reaction mixture from at least two reaction components 5, are shown schematically, namely,

1 is a perspective side view of a mixing head, according to a first embodiment,

30. FIG. 2 shows a section along line A-A from FIG. 1,

3 is a plan view of a mixing head in section according to a second embodiment, 4 is a perspective side view of the mixing head with vibrator,

5 is a perspective side view of the mixing head with applicator roller,

6 is a partial drawing in section along line B-B of FIG. 1, according to a third embodiment,

7 is a plan view of a mixing head in section corresponding to FIG. 3, each with separate component feeds according to a fourth embodiment,

8 shows an application example of a mixing head according to the invention in miniaturized form,

9 shows a section through a mixing head according to a fifth exemplary embodiment,

10 is a plan view of FIG. 9,

Fig. 11 is a side view in partial section of a

Application example of the mixing head according to the invention. the fifth or a sixth

Embodiment in a cartridge,

11 a is a top view and side view of the intermediate disk of the cartridge from FIG. 11,

12 is a top view of a sixth exemplary embodiment of a mixing head according to the invention,

13 shows a section along line AA from FIG. 12, 14 is a side view of the inside of the mixing head according to the invention in accordance with a seventh embodiment,

Fig. 15 is a side view of the inside of the mixing head according to the invention corresponding to the seventh

14 shows that of the lamella and arranged adjacent to FIG. 14

16 shows a side view of the interior of the mixing head according to the invention in accordance with the seventh exemplary embodiment, shown in the lamella shown in FIG. 15 and arranged adjacent to it.

As can be seen from FIG. 1, the mixing head (1) according to the invention has a housing (2) which covers the lamellae (3) located in the housing (2) and arranged at a distance from one another, the lower one in the viewing direction of FIG. 1 Side of the mixing head (1) is open, d. H. has no housing wall.

However, it is also conceivable to dispense with such a housing (2) and to fix the individual lamellae (3) directly against one another, for example by screw connections (4) indicated in FIG. 1, and on their front and rear sides and top side by means of appropriate seals or

Close the spacer (17). A housing configuration other than that shown here would also be conceivable.

In the present exemplary embodiment, corresponding to FIG. 1, the mixing head (1) has two feed channels (5, 6) which serve to introduce the two reaction components of the reaction mixture to be produced, the individual lamellae (3), as in FIG. 1 and 2, penetrate and on their outside, ie the side of the housing (2) corresponding to the slats (3), not shown here Connection means, such as. B. have threads so that the reaction component feed lines, also not shown here, can be coupled with the feed channels (5, 6).

The feed lines can have corresponding metering valves, which, however, can also be arranged directly on the feed channels.

As can be seen from FIG. 2, the individual feed channels (5, 6) have outlet openings (7) which discharge the reaction components into the spaces or chambers (8) created by the spaced apart lamellae (3).

These discharge openings (7) are arranged in such a way that the different reaction components cannot get into one and the same space (8), but rather each of the spaces (8) is only loaded with one reaction component at a time, so that there is no undesired mixing of the individual Reaction components within the mixing head (1), but rather a stratification of the reaction components, separated by the lamellae (3), d. H. In the present exemplary embodiment, an alternating sequence of the two reaction components, since the outlet openings (7) of the individual feed channels (5, 6) are not in the same

Spaces (8) open, but rather only in the next but one space (8).

According to the invention, however, it is also possible to make the outlet openings (7) controllable, that is to say to make it possible to selectively control different gaps (8), so that there is not necessarily an alternation of the different components within the mixing head (1), but also others Possible variations are conceivable. It is also possible to provide not only two feed channels (5, 6), but a large number, so that the mixing head (1) can be charged with a large number of reaction components without causing undesired mixing of the individual

Reaction components come out of the mixing head (1).

Furthermore, it is optionally possible to apply a pressure medium to the individual intermediate spaces (8) as a whole or selectively in order to, e.g. the corresponding

Press the reaction component out of the mixing head (1) under pressure.

As can be seen from Fig. 3, the mixing head (1) according to the invention is not limited to the shape shown in Fig. 1, but it is also possible to use the individual lamellae (9), e.g. to be circular, so that spaces (10) are formed between the individual circular lamellae (9), which can then be charged with the reaction components via feed channels (11, 12). This too

Feed channels have outlet openings (13) assigned to the individual intermediate spaces (10).

Furthermore, there is the possibility, for. B. to improve the flow of components without the addition of compressed air or to achieve certain properties of the emerging mass, the mixing head (1) by z. B. mechanical means such as attachment of a vibrator (14) to the housing (2), shown in Fig. 4, to set in vibration, so that there is an optimal mixing of the individual reaction components at the outlet on the mixing head (1).

In a further exemplary embodiment (see FIG. 5) it is provided to arrange an application roller (15) below the mixing head (1) so that those emerging from the mixing head (1) Reaction components immediately after and / or during the mixing on the applicator roller (15) so that z. B. to be applied to a corresponding surface to be coated by means of the application roller (15). The application of an application roller (15), for example, causes the component layers to deform and fold when they leave the mixing head (1).

It is conceivable to provide the application roller (15) with a scraper (16), in the present exemplary embodiment wedge-shaped scraper (16), in order to remove any reaction mixture residues from the roller.

Both the roller (15) and the scraper (16) can be coated with Teflon, so that there is no sticking or deposits of the reaction mixture on the roller (15).

The individual slats (3) can be made of z. B. plastic are kept at a distance from each other, this z. B. is also to be arranged at the end all the way around, at the same time serving as a sealing device and thus creating spaces (8) which, in the present exemplary embodiment, are only open on their underside, as viewed in FIG. 1, and are otherwise closed on all sides.

As already explained, these spacers (17) can consist of plastic or of another suitable material.

However, it is also possible to design the individual lamellae (3) in one piece, that is to say in the present exemplary embodiment corresponding to FIG. 6 to provide a circumferential projection (17) on three sides, so that the projection (17) is used both as a spacer and through apply z. B. a corresponding sealing compound or with a corresponding choice of the fins (3) which then serves directly as a seal and thereby an escape of the individual reaction components only in the desired direction, here in the direction of arrow (18) is possible.

As can be seen from Fig. 7, it is also conceivable in the circular version of the mixing head (1) to bring the individual reaction components through separate feed lines or feed channels (19) into the corresponding spaces (10), so that a large number of reaction components simultaneously can be introduced into the mixing head (1) without undesired mixing of the individual reaction components in the mixing head (1).

In addition, this also creates the possibility of carrying out a corresponding, optional stratification of the individual reaction components. H. a stratification depending on the material or necessary with regard to the desired further processing.

Furthermore, the construction of the mixing head (1) according to the invention enables, on the one hand, a corresponding dimensioning of the individual feed lines or

Supply channels (5,6; 11,12 19) or their corresponding design as well as by differently applying pressure to the supply channels (5,6; 11,12; 19) and supply lines by pressure to adjust the volume flow ratios of the individual components separately, in order to vary them To be able to generate mixing ratios.

The individual reaction components are simultaneously fed to the mixing head (1) without being mixed in it, so that it is only immediately when the individual emerges Reaction components from the mixing head (1) to a desired mixing and the associated reaction of the components.

This mixing and the associated reaction can, if necessary, for. B. by a, as shown in Fig. 4, vibrator (14) and / or by a terminally arranged, funnel-shaped device, not shown here, which bundles the individual components, i.e. initially picks it up and then releases it again, thereby contributing to an increased mixing of the individual components, or it can be reinforced by applying the components or dispensing the components onto an application roller shown in FIG. 5.

As a rule, no additional technical aids are required to mix the individual components, since these are brought up in layers through the mixing head (1) and then leave the layers accordingly, so that this layering results in an optimal direct mixing of the individual reaction components when leaving the mixing head (1) is already guaranteed.

The distance between the adjacent slats can be made variable, i. H. it will be thin

Layers or spaces (8,10) creates their thickness in z.

B. μ-range, so that there is a mixing of the reaction component layers immediately after exiting the mixing head (1) and the desired reaction is already triggered by the contact of the individual thin layers with each other.

The mixing head (1) according to the invention can also be used to mix gases, which are also used in one Swirl the outlet and only mix after the outlet from the mixing head (1).

As can be seen from Fig. 8, it is possible due to the inventive design, the mixing head (1) to be designed so small that this z. B. can be used in tubes (20), so as a z. B.

To use multi-component glue by simply pushing it out, without the need for a second tube. Instead, the individual components are only mixed immediately after they exit the tube (20).

As can be seen from FIGS. 14, 15 and 16, in a further embodiment the supply channels (5, 6) shown separately in FIGS. 1 and 2 are dispensed with entirely.

In this embodiment shown in FIGS. 14, 15 and 16, the mixing head (1) according to the invention also consists of individual lamellae (3). B. two reacting components consist of three differently designed slats (3).

The various slats (3) are built up in a deliberate and defined stratification, i.e. that in the present exemplary embodiment the lamella (21) shown in FIG. 14 is followed by the lamella (22) shown in FIG. 16 and then the lamella (23) shown in FIG. 15.

In addition, another slat, not shown here, forms on the

Reaction component supply channel connection side opposite the mixing head termination, ie, this lamella, not shown here, differs from that in FIG Fig. 16 shown lamella (22) in that there are no openings or bores (24, 27) for moving the reaction components in and out, so that a closure is formed here.

As shown in FIG. 1, the reaction components are brought up to the lamella side facing the feed lines and there brought into contact with the openings (24, 27) of a lamella (22) by means of conventional connections.

When the reaction components flow in, the components then enter the mixing head (1) through the bores (24, 27) and thus pass through the bores (24, 27) into the delivery spaces (25), these corresponding to FIGS. 14 and 15 each one of the existing in the present embodiment

Bore channels (24, 27) are assigned and are limited by the lamella (21) or (23) and the next following lamellae (23), so that in the direction of view Fig. 24), the component that is brought in can only get into the delivery spaces (25) corresponding to the lamella (23) configured in FIG. 15, while the component that is brought in via the hole (27) on the right in the direction of view FIG. 14, 15, 16 only goes into the corresponding FIG 14 trained delivery spaces (25) can reach.

In the present exemplary embodiment, the slats (21, 22, 23) shown in FIGS. 14, 15, 16 are each replaced so that one slat (21, 23) is shown between the slats (21, 23) shown in FIGS. 22) is arranged according to FIG. 16 and the components brought through the opening (24, 27) each reach a delivery space (25) formed by the lamella (21, 23) and the lamella (22) arranged in front and behind it, whereby the thickness of the individual slats can be in the μ range. An insulating layer (not shown here) can be arranged between the lamellae (21, 22, 23) arranged adjacent to one another.

It is also conceivable that the surfaces (26) of the slats (21, 22, 23) are provided with a corresponding insulating and / or adhesive layer, so that this results in a corresponding adhesion and, at the same time, insulation between the individual slats (21, 22, 23) was carried out and it is thus ensured that the reaction components brought in through the openings (24, 27) can only go the intended way, that is, they are passed through the openings (24, 27) and spread in the area of the delivery spaces (25) in order to be able to leave the mixing head (1) in the direction of the arrow (28).

The reaction component brought up through the opening (27) is passed through the lamella (23) by means of the opening (27) and can then spread out in the reaction space (25) of the lamella (21), around the mixing head (1) also in the direction of the arrow (28 ) to be able to leave, due to the volume configuration of the delivery spaces (25) and the openings (24, 27) the entire mixing head (1) in the area of the openings (24, 27) and the delivery spaces (25) is evenly filled with the corresponding reaction components and this results in a uniform delivery of the individual components in the delivery direction (28).

The reaction component introduced through the opening (24) is passed through the lamella (21), shown in FIG. 14, by means of the opening (24) and can then be in the reaction space (25) of the lamella (23), shown in FIG. 15, spread out in order to be able to leave the mixing head (l) likewise in the direction of the arrow (28), due to the volume configuration of the delivery spaces (25) and the openings (24, 27) the entire mixing head (1) in the area of the openings (24, 27) and the delivery spaces (25) is evenly filled with the corresponding reaction components and this results in a uniform delivery of the individual components in the delivery direction (28).

As already explained, this embodiment of the invention makes it possible to dispense with the feed channels (5, 6), so that an extremely simple structural design of the mixing head (1) is made possible and by appropriate layering of the slats (21, 22, 23) a variety of possible combinations, ie , delivery of the individual components in layers, is made possible.

It is also conceivable that there are more than the two openings (24, 27) shown here in the lamellae (21, 22, 23), so that any number of components can be introduced and only care is taken in each case must have a corresponding delivery space (25) assigned to the respective feed opening (24, 27).

As can be seen from FIGS. 9 and 10, the feed channels (11, 12) can also be dispensed with in the round variant of the mixing head (1) shown in FIG. 3, the mixing head (1) here, in particular from FIG. 10 to be seen, consists of individual, here circularly configured, lamellae (29), which in the present exemplary embodiment are made of brass and have a dispensing tube (31) arranged coaxially to the central axis (30) on their underside in the viewing direction in FIG. 9.

The dispensing tubes (31) are each designed to interlock with one another coaxially to the central axis (30), so that between the inside diameter of the tube encompassing the next tube (31) (31) and the outer diameter of the received tube (31) each have a defined distance (32), which is preferably in the μ range.

As can be seen from FIGS. 9 and 10, the lamella (29) which is of circular design in the present exemplary embodiment has two circular openings (33, 34) which, as stated in the previous exemplary embodiment, serve for the forwarding and feeding of the individual components, wherein the mixing head (1) of the embodiment according to. 9 and 10, in the viewing direction of FIG. 9, has at its upper end a lamella, not shown here, which, as also explained in the previous exemplary embodiment, only has two openings (33, 34) and no delivery space (35), shown in FIGS 9 and 10, and is used only for connection to the corresponding component supply lines.

The lower lamella (36) in the direction of view Fig. 9 has neither a delivery space (35) nor the

Breakthroughs (33, 34) serving component forwarding and only serve to close off the mixing head (1), so that the lower lamella (36) has only one breakthrough for the delivery tubes (31) to pass through.

As can be seen from FIG. 9, in the present exemplary embodiment the one component to be dispensed by z. B. the opening in the direction of view Fig. 9 left (33) in order to then be able to spread in the existing delivery space (35) of the lamella (37) and in via the gap (32)

To arrive in the direction of the discharge opening (38), the discharge spaces (35) being delimited on their upper side in the viewing direction in FIG. 9 by the underside of the lamella (29) arranged above them. The component mass not dispensed through the gap (32) is then, as far as possible, transferred via the further openings (33) to the other dispensing spaces (35) still present, so that in the mixing head (1) a constant pressure or a constant flow rate within the respective components.

The same applies to those over the second breakthrough, i.e. 9 and the right breakthrough (34) corresponding component.

At the lower end in the direction of view in FIG. 9, the introduced component can only get into the delivery space (35) and the remaining opening (39) of the lamella (37), since the component is prevented from flowing further through the lower end lamella (36).

Sealing layers (40) are located between the individual slats and ensure a tight seal between the slats.

The upper end lamella, not shown here, has on its underside, coaxially to the central axis (30) in the direction of view Fig. 9, a mandrel projecting into the delivery tube (31) of the adjacent lamella (29), so that here, too, only a precisely defined component delivery gap (32 ) remains.

As can be seen from FIG. 10, the individual slats (29) can also have a so-called adjustment opening (41), which also serves to fix the slats (29, 36, 37) to one another.

The delivery space (35) of the individual lamellae (29, 36, 37) is in the present embodiment in the individual lamellae milled in so that its depth or volume can be made variable in the manufacture of the slats.

However, any other configuration is also conceivable.

The arrangement of the lamellae (29, 36, 37) and their delivery spaces (35) described above, as in the previous example, eliminates the otherwise necessary feed channel (5, 6), so that it is ensured in the simplest way that that the individual components in the mixing head (1), without coming into contact with one another, leave the mixing head (1) in a desired stratification on the outlet side (38) and are then mixed with one another in an optimal manner.

In the previously described two variants corresponding to FIGS. 9, 10 and 14, 15, 16, it is also conceivable to provide a layering of the slats to be arranged one above the other * or next to one another, as shown here. B. be arranged such that, according to FIGS. 14, 15, 16, two dispensing spaces are arranged side by side or one behind the other, so that the components filling them are dispensed directly next to one another during dispensing, i.e. that only every third component stratification is a different component.

Any other variant is also conceivable.

As can be seen from FIGS. 11 and 11a, the various components do not have to be directly mechanically or by means of connecting hoses on the z. B. in Fig. 9 and 10 shown mixing head (1), rather, this can also be done by a cartridge (42), that is, in the mixing head (1) leading inlet openings (33, 34) Corresponding cartridge (42) is connected or coupled to the mixing head (1).

The cartridge (42) has a housing (43) and, in the present case, two bags (44, 45) for one component each.

The bags (44, 45) are fixed on their side opposite the delivery side by means of a clamping ring (46) at a distance from the delivery side, which is designed as a so-called washer (47).

In the present exemplary embodiment, the intermediate disk (47) each has a discharge opening (48, 49) which is connected to the corresponding bag (44, 45) and is initially closed in this exemplary embodiment and opened by means of a so-called predetermined breaking point when pressure is applied accordingly become.

The bags (44, 45) are arranged at a distance from the longitudinal axis (30), the sides (50, 51) of the bags (44, 45) facing one another always being arranged at a distance from one another.

In addition, the cartridge (42) according to the invention has a squeeze-out piston (52) which is arranged such that it can be moved vertically coaxially to the central axis (30) and is displaced in the direction of the arrow (53), i.e. in the direction of the intermediate disk (47), in order to dispense the components.

The squeeze-out piston (52) has an outside diameter that is smaller than the inside diameter of the housing (43) of the cartridge (42), so that the squeeze-out piston (52) pushes the bags (44, 45) against the inner wall of the housing (43). presses, thereby increasing the pressure inside the filled bag (44, 45) arises and the mass or component in the bags (44, 45) reaches the mixing head (1) via the openings (48, 49).

In the present embodiment, the bags are

(44, 45) are welded to the intermediate disc (47) and are made of a material that slides the ejection piston (52) on the outside or the mutually facing sides (50, 51) of the bags ( 44.45).

The cartridge (42) can z. B. a mixing head (1) corresponding to FIGS. 9 and 10, but it can also be connected to a mixing head (1) according to a further exemplary embodiment, shown in FIGS. 12, 13, which on its, the intermediate disc (47 ) facing side (53) a closed surface of z. B. film, which is indicated by dash-dotted lines in the present exemplary embodiment and is designed as an essentially smooth closed surface.

The surface (53) has two channel-like depressions (54), each of which is connected to the openings (48, 49) in the intermediate piece (47) of the cartridge (42) via an opening (55, 56) in the film , ie that in each case one of the openings (55, 56) in the film is correspondingly connected to one of the openings (48, 49) arranged in the intermediate disk (47), so that the openings (47, 48) of the components emerging from the intermediate disk (46) via the openings (55, 56) in the film into each of the channels (54) assigned to each opening.

These channel-like depressions (4) each end in an upper opening (57, 58) of a component outlet chamber (59) which, as can be seen from FIG. 13, leads to the component outlet side (60) are designed so as to taper, so that the components on their outlet side (59) then emerge from the mixing head (1) in the desired strength and bearing.

The exit gap (61) is 0.2 millimeters thick in the present exemplary embodiment. The design selected here ensures that the pressure in all component outlet chambers (59) remains constant and the same.

But it is also conceivable that the mixing head according to the invention. Fig. 12 and 13 does not have the shape of the surface (53) shown in Fig. 12 but has a basically angular or also round or any other shape.

It is also conceivable that the mixing head (1) shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 does not have a round shape at its outlet end or on its component outlet side (60), as shown here, but an angular or any other type of shape.

Moreover, the design of the mixing head (1) according to FIGS. 12 and 13, and here in particular the design and arrangement of the chambers, ensures that the components without any significant effort, i.e. , Pressure that can be expelled from the chambers.

Claims

Claims: 1. A process for producing a reaction mixture from at least two reaction components with a mixing head, characterized in that the reaction components fed to the mixing head are arranged in at least two layers which are separated from one another and at least in the outlet area are arranged immediately adjacent to one another, such that the reaction components arranged in layers simultaneously cover the region of the leave layer-by-layer arrangement, and that after leaving the layer-by-layer arrangement there is contact between the reaction components. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that it immediately after leaving the layered arrangement to a Kontaktiening the Reaction components come together. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one of the reaction components is arranged in at least two separate layers, and that between the at least two layers Reaction components at least one reaction component different from this is arranged, and that when leaving the layers Arrangement the reaction components come into contact with one another in this layering sequence. 4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that several / or all of the reaction components are arranged in at least two separate layers, and that when leaving the layered arrangement, the reaction components come into contact with one another in this layering sequence. 5. Mixing head for carrying out the method according to claim 1 with reaction component supply, characterized in that at least two chambers separating the reaction components from one another (8; 10; 26; 35; 59) are provided, that the chambers (8; 10; 25; 35; 59 ) have at least one opening delivering the components and that the openings are arranged to deliver the components in layers. 6. Mixing head according to claim 5, characterized in that spaced apart and chamber-forming partitions (3; 9) are provided and that each of the chambers (8; 10) with at least one component feed (5,6; 11J2; 19; 24; 27; 33,34; 54) is designed to be at least engageable. 7. Mixing head according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that at least one of the component feeds (5,6; 11J2; 19; 24,27; 33,34; 54) is connected to at least two chambers (8; 10). 8. Mixing head according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the chambers (8; 10) are separated from one another and formed by lamella-shaped intermediate walls (3; 9). 9. Mixing head according to one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that spacers (17) are arranged between the lamellar-shaped intermediate walls (3; 9). 10. Mixing head according to one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the spacers (17) are designed as terminally arranged, the chambers (8; 10) sealing and at least one component discharge opening, seals. 11. Mixing head according to one of claims 5 to 10, characterized in that the seals are designed as one piece with the intermediate walls (3; 9) and a sealing compound having projections (17). 12. Mixing head according to one of claims 5 to 11, characterized in that it has a largely rectangular cross section. 13. Mixing head according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that it has an at least largely circular cross section, the chambers (10) delimiting intermediate walls (9) being arranged coaxially to the central axis, and having different diameters are tubular. 14. Mixing head according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the chambers (8; 10) are open at least over the entire cross-sectional area of one side. 15. Mixing head according to claim 14, characterized in that the chambers (8; 10) are designed to be open at the end over the entire cross-sectional area of one side. 16. Mixing head according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that the component feeds (5,6; 11J2; 19), the chambers (8; 10) and intermediate walls (3; 9) are arranged at least partially penetrating. 17. Mixing head according to one of claims 1 to 16, characterized in that the volume flow ratios for each component are separately and continuously adjustable. 18. Mixing head according to claim 5, characterized in that the mixing head (1) has an essentially layered structure, that the chambers (25) are arranged at least essentially by a cutout in at least one lamellar layer and the layers adjoining the cutout are formed, and that the chambers are each configured to be connected to at least one opening in an adjacent layer. 19. Mixing head according to claim 18, characterized in that the layers arranged in the flow direction of the components in front of the lamellar layers with cutout have at least two openings. 20. Mixing head according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the lamellar layers (21, 23) having the cutout (25) have at least one opening (24; 27) which is not connected to the cutout (25). 21. Mixing head according to one of claims 18 to 20, characterized in that the openings (25) arranged in the lamellar layers (21, 23) are designed to be arranged to form at least two channels interrupted by delivery spaces (25). 22. Mixing head according to claim 5, characterized in that the mixing head (1) has an essentially layered structure, that the chambers (35) are essentially formed by a recess arranged in the layers (29) and the layer adjoining them, that each of the chambers (35) is equipped with a component delivery tube (31) and that the chambers (35) are each designed to be connected to at least one opening (33; 34) in the adjacent layer. 23. Mixing head according to claim 22, characterized in that the layer having the recess (35) has an opening (33; 35) in the region of the recess. 24. Mixing head according to one of claims 22 to 23, characterized in that the in Flow direction of the components in front of the layers with recesses each have at least two openings. 25. Mixing head according to one of claims 22 to 24, characterized in that the layer having the recess has at least one opening not connected to the recess. 26. Mixing head according to one of claims 22 to 25, characterized in that the openings arranged in the layers are designed to be arranged forming at least two channels (33, 34) interrupted by chambers (35). 27. Mixing head according to one of claims 22 to 27, characterized in that the discharge tubes (31) of the layers (29, 36) are designed to form a defined discharge layer thickness (32). 28. Mixing head according to claim 27, characterized in that the component feed is a cartridge. 29. Mixing head according to one of claims 5 to 28, characterized in that a device which sets it in vibration (14) is provided. 30. Mixing head according to one of claims 5 to 29, characterized in that a component roller receiving the components (15) is provided on the outlet side. 31. Mixing head according to claim 30, characterized in that the roller (15) is provided with a coating which prevents the components and / or the reaction mixture from adhering to the roller (15) and a scraper (16) for removing any residues on the Roller (15) is arranged. 32. Mixing head according to one of claims 5 to 31, characterized in that a funnel constricting the outlet side is arranged on the outlet side. 3rd 33. Mixing head according to one of claims 1 to 32, characterized in that the intermediate walls (3; 9) are made of metal. 34. Mixing head according to one of claims 1 to 33, characterized in that the distance between the partitions (3; 9) is preferably 1 to 2000 microns. 35. Mixing head according to one of claims 1 to 34, characterized in that it is used as a tube outlet. 36. Mixing head according to one of claims 28 to 35, characterized in that the cartridge has the individual components-containing bags (44, 45), that the side of the bags (44, 45) opposite the dispensing side are arranged at a distance therefrom and that a vertically displaceably arranged piston is provided which presses the bags against an inner wall of the housing. 37. Mixing head according to claim 36, characterized in that the mutually facing sides (50, 51) of the bags (44, 45) are arranged at a distance from one another at least on their side opposite the component delivery side.