WO1994029065A1 - Rail clamp device and apparatus for flash welding of rail - Google Patents

Abstract

A rail lamp device and an apparatus for flash welding of rail are used in connecting railway rails to one another by flash welding to form a long welded rail. Electrode blocks (8) are inserted into and mounted to recessed guide portions provided on tip ends of clamp jaws (7), which are provided to face each other with a body portion of a rail (1) therebetween and are secured to a first clamp head (3) and a second clamp head (4), respectively, so that the clamp jaws (7) for securing the rail (1) and the electrode blocks (8) for supplying electric power to the rail (1) are made unitary. A hydraulic cylinder (6a) on the first clamp head (3) varies a piston stroke to regulate a reference position for positioning of the rail body portion when a nut (66) threaded onto a threaded portion (65) provided on a tip end portion of a rearwardly extending piston rod is made positionally variable.

Description

 Specification

 `` Title of Invention J

 Rail clamp device and rail flash welding device

«" Background technology "

 In recent years, with the speeding-up of railways, the length of rails has been increased from 1.0 km to about 1.5 km by welding 25 m long fixed-length rails to improve train running stability, reduce joint noise, and reduce track maintenance. Welded long rails are used.

 For rail welding, flash welding, gas pressure welding, open arc welding, or thermite welding are used. Flash welding can efficiently and efficiently weld rails in a very short time, and can provide highly reliable joints.

 In flash welding of rails, a large current is applied to the two rails whose ends are clamped to heat the contact surface while repeating contact and spark scattering, and when the temperature reaches an appropriate temperature, sudden pressure is applied and swaging is performed. (Abstract).

 On the other hand, rails are manufactured with a certain dimensional tolerance, for example, the height of the rail has a dimensional tolerance of + 1.0mm to 10.5, and the width of the head is, for example, + 0.8mm to 10.5 for a 60kg rail. Due to the dimensional tolerance of mm, there are variations in dimensions and shapes for each rail. When welding this rail, it is necessary to accurately center the upper surface of the rail head on both sides of the joint and the side surface on the inner rail side in order to stabilize the running of the train and prevent noise.

 For this reason, conventionally, after positioning the upper surface of the head of the two rails to be joined, both sides of the abdomen of each rail are clamped by the clamp jaws of the clamping device provided on the fixed head and the movable head. I have. When clamping both sides of the abdomen of each rail, insert an adjustment sensor between the abdomen of the rail and the clamp jaw to position the inner rail side of the head of the two rails. As shown in JP-A-63-238984, for example, the position of the hydraulic cylinder of one of the clamp heads on the left and right of the rail abdomen is set to γ.

 The rail is clamped by adjusting the position of the inner rail side.

* When clamping the rails in this way, in order to securely clamp the left and right rails to be joined, as shown in the front view of the flash welding device in Fig. 10, for example, the fixed head part 12 and movable Two sets of clamping devices 2 are provided for each of the heads 1 and 3, and left The abdomen of the right rail 1 is clamped at two places. The rail 1 clamped by the movable head 13 is fixed to the fixed head 1 while a large current flows to the rail 1 from the electrodes provided on the fixed head 12 and the movable head 13 respectively. After moving to the second side, contact and sparks were repeated at the joint surface, and the joint surface was heated and pressed.

 When aligning the side surface of the inner rail head of the rail to be joined as described above, an adjustment spacer is used, or the position of the hydraulic cylinder of one clamp head is changed. It is necessary to repeatedly replace the adjustment spacer and to repeatedly move the position of the hydraulic cylinder, and it is not easy to accurately align the rails to be joined. There was a disadvantage that it took.

 In addition, the center of the rail is clamped and the centering is adjusted by inching to absorb the tolerance of the rail. However, in this case, the structure of the device becomes complicated and the entire device becomes large. was there.

 In addition, conventional flash welding equipment is provided with two independent sets of clamps on the fixed head and the movable head in order to securely clamp the left and right rails to be joined. There is a mechanism to change the position of one of the hydraulic cylinders to align the rails.Besides the clamp device, an electrode is provided to supply current to the rails. The structure was complicated, the fixed head and the movable head became large, and the weight of the welding equipment alone was at least about 20 tons. For this reason, it could be used in factories, but it was difficult to transport it to the rail laying site and use it.

 The present invention has been made in order to solve such disadvantages, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a rail clamp device capable of easily aligning rails to be joined and a flash welding device that is reduced in size and weight. Things.

 "Disclosure of the invention"

The rail clamp device according to the present invention has a first clamp head and a second clamp head provided opposite to each other with the abdomen of the rail interposed therebetween, and each clamp head has a clamp jaw and an electrode block. The clamp jaw presses and holds the abdomen of the rail, the rear end of which is fixed to the tip of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder, and the concave guide at the tip. Do part The electrode block supplies electric power to the rail, and the tip end projects slightly from the tip end of the clamp jaw and is inserted into the guide portion of the clamp jaw, and the rear end portion passes through an elastic member. And is attached to the clamp jaw.

 The hydraulic cylinder of the first clamp head has a stroke varying means, and the stroke varying means has a thread provided at the tip of a piston rod on the rear side of the hydraulic cylinder, and a thread provided on the screw. And a thrust of a hydraulic cylinder of the first clamp head is made larger than a thrust of a hydraulic cylinder of the second clamp head.

 Also, a flash welding device according to the present invention includes a clamp device having a power supply clamp jaw, a fixed head portion and a movable head portion to which the clamp device is mounted, and a welding transformer mounted to the fixed head portion. And a deburring part mounted on the movable head part.The electric clamp jaw is provided opposite to the abdomen of the rail to be joined, and the rear end part is fixed to the tip of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder. A clamp jaw having a concave guide portion at the distal end is inserted into the guide portion of the clamp jaw with the distal end projecting slightly from the distal end portion of the clamp jaw, and the rear end portion being inserted through the elastic member. And an electrode block connected to the welding transformer, and one of the power supply clamp jaws is attached to the hydraulic cylinder at the end of the rear piston port. A stroke changing means having a screw portion provided and a nut screwed into the screw portion; a deburring portion provided to face the rail; a plurality of deburring portions corresponding to the shape of the rail; And a hydraulic cylinder for moving the cutting blade back and forth in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the rail.

 It is preferable that the fixed head and the movable head of the flash welding device are formed of an A 1 —Zn alloy.

In the present invention, the concave portion of the distal end of the clamp jaw fixed to the distal end of the piston rod of each hydraulic cylinder of the first clamp head and the second clamp head provided opposite to each other across the abdomen of the rail. An electrode block is inserted into the guide part of the rail and attached. The clamp jaw that fixes the rail and the electrode block that supplies power to the rail are integrated, so the power supply clamp part that clamps the rail and feeds power. Can be reduced in size, and the structure of the clamp device can be simplified. Also, when attaching the electrode block to the clamp jaw, attach it to the clamp jaw via an elastic member at the rear end of the electrode block, and make the tip end of the electrode block slightly protrude from the clamp jaw. When the rail is clamped with the electrode block, the electrode block can follow the abdominal surface of the rail and adhere to it, and the electrode block can be pressed against the abdominal surface of the rail with sufficient pressing force. During the contact can be greatly reduced.

 Further, the inner diameter of the hydraulic cylinder of the first clamp head may be made larger than the inner diameter of the hydraulic cylinder of the second clamp head, or the hydraulic cylinder of the first clamp head may have the inner diameter of the second clamp head. By supplying hydraulic oil with a higher pressure than the hydraulic oil supplied to the hydraulic cylinder, the thrust of the hydraulic cylinder of the first clamp head is made larger than the thrust of the second hydraulic cylinder, and the first clamp head Since the reference position for centering the abdomen of the rail is determined by, the reference position for centering and positioning the abdomen can be easily determined.

 In addition, the stroke of the piston of the hydraulic cylinder of the first clamp head is adjusted by changing the position of the nut screwed into the thread provided at the tip of the biston rod on the rear side of the piston. Fine adjustment of the reference position for centering and positioning of the rail abdomen, and positioning of the side of the head on the inner rail side of rail 1 Can be performed easily and accurately. Further, in the flash welding apparatus of the present invention, the power supply clamp jaw is formed by integrating the part for clamping the rail of the clamp device mounted on the fixed head part and the movable head part and the part for flowing current to the rail. The structure of the fixed head and the movable head can be simplified, and the size of the fixed head and the movable head can be reduced.

 Furthermore, by reducing the size of the fixed head and the movable head, it is possible to provide a margin between the fixed head and the movable head, and to remove the movable head from the fixed head side. Since the deburred part can be divided into multiple parts according to the shape of the rail, and partially overlapped cutting blades can be installed, the burrs generated at the welded part can be reliably removed in one operation. it can.

In addition, the fixed head and the movable head are made of A1-Zn alloy with extremely low magnetic flux density. To reduce the eddy current loss due to the current flowing during welding, so that not only the fixed head and the movable head, but also the welding transformer can be made smaller, and the entire welding equipment can be made smaller and lighter. be able to.

 "Brief description of drawings J

 FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of a clamp device according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a clamp jaw of the clamp device, FIG. 3 is a front view showing a clamp jaw, and FIG. FIG. 5 is a front view of a flash welding device according to the present invention, FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a deburring portion of the flash welding device, and FIG. A perspective view showing the cutting blade, FIG. 8 is a front cross-sectional view showing the slipper detector of the flash welding apparatus, FIG. 9 is a side cross-sectional view of the slipper detector, and FIG. 10 is a front view showing a conventional flash welding apparatus. FIG.

 "Best mode for carrying out the invention J

 As shown in the cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the clamp device in FIG. 1, the clamp device 2 for clamping the abdomen of the rail 1 includes a first clamp head 3 provided opposite to the abdomen of the rail 1 and a first clamp head 3. And two clamp heads 4. The first clamp head 3 has a power supply clamp jaw 5a and a hydraulic cylinder 6a, and the second clamp head 4 also has a power supply clamp jaw 5b and a hydraulic cylinder 6b. Each of the power supply clamp jaws 5 a and 5 b has a clamp jaw 7 for clamping the rail 1 and an electrode block 8 for flowing a current to the rail 1. As shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 2 and the front view of FIG. 3, the clamp jaw 7 is provided with a concave guide portion 72 at the center of a front end portion 71 having a mountain-shaped streak, and a rear end portion. Each is fixed to the tip of a piston rod 61 of the hydraulic cylinders 6a and 6b. The electrode block 8 is inserted into the guide portion 72 of the clamp jaw 7, and the rear end is attached to the clamp jaw 7 via a plurality of sets, for example, four sets of flat panel panels 9. The tip of the electrode block 8 slightly projects from the tip 71 of the clamp jaw 7.

The inner diameter of the hydraulic cylinder 6a of the first clamp head 3 is formed larger than the inner diameter of the hydraulic cylinder 6b of the second clamp head 4, and the hydraulic cylinder 6a of the first clamp head 3 is formed. The thrust of the hydraulic cylinder 6b of the second clamp head 4 is larger than that of the hydraulic cylinder 6b by, for example, about 20%. The hydraulic cylinder 6 a of the first clamp head 3 has a stroke varying means 10. The variable stroke opening means 10 is provided on the rear side of the piston 6 2 of the hydraulic cylinder 6 a, and is provided with a screw part 65 and a screw part provided at the tip of the piston rod 64 that penetrates the rod cover 63. It has a nut 66 screwed into 65. As shown in the front view of Fig. 4, the surface of the nut 66 has scales divided at equal angles, and around the nut 66, there is an index plate 67 attached to the rod cover 63. .

 FIG. 5 is a front view of a flash welding device 11 using the clamp device 2 configured as described above. As shown in the figure, the flash welding apparatus 11 has a gate-shaped fixed head section 12, a movable head section 13, and a station section 14. Each of the fixed head portion 12 and the movable head portion 13 is provided with a clamp device 2. The fixed head portion 12 and the station portion 14 are connected by a plurality of, for example, four guide shafts 15 provided along the longitudinal direction of the rail 1 to be joined. The movable head portion 13 is slidably supported by a guide shaft 15 between the fixed head portion 12 and the station portion 14. The movable head portion 13 can be moved along the guide axis 15 by a hydraulic cylinder 16 attached to the station portion 14.

 Further, the fixed head portion 12, the movable head portion 13 and the station portion 14 are formed of ultra-super duralumin, which is an A1-Zn alloy having an extremely small magnetic flux density. As described above, the fixed head portion 12 and the movable head portion 13 have the power supply clamp jaws 5 a, which are integrally formed with the clamp jaw 7 for clamping the rail 1 and the electrode block 8 for supplying current to the rail 1. Since one clamp device 2 having 5b is provided, the structure of the fixed head portion 12 and the movable head portion 13 can be simplified, and the fixed head portion 1 2 And the movable head 13 can be reduced in size. By forming the miniaturized fixed head portion 12 and movable head portion 13 with ultra-super duralumin, the weight of the fixed head portion 12 and movable head portion 13 can be greatly reduced. It can be lighter.

 At the center of the gate of the fixed head portion 12 and the movable head portion 13, a reference leveler 17 for determining the upper surface position of the head of the rail 1 is previously provided as shown in the sectional view of FIG. The position in the vertical direction is matched and fixed.

A welding transformer 18 is provided on the upper surface of the fixed head portion 13, and an output of the welding transformer 18 is provided. Force terminals are connected to each electrode block 8 of the clamp device 2 provided on the fixed head portion 12 and the movable head portion 13. A pair of deburring portions 19 is provided on the side of the fixed head portion 12 of the movable head portion 13 with the rail 1 interposed therebetween. As shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 6, the scraping portion 19 has a cutting blade 20 and a hydraulic cylinder 21 that match the cross-sectional shape of the rail 1. As shown in the perspective view of FIG. 7, the cutting blade 20 has a head cutting blade 20 a for cutting burrs on the head of the rail 1 and an abdominal cutting blade 20 for cutting burrs on the abdomen of the rail 1. b and the bottom cutting blade 20 c for cutting the burr on the bottom of the rail 1, and the head cutting blade 20 a and the bottom cutting blade 20 c and the abdominal cutting blade 20 b partially overlap They are provided at different positions.

 The station unit 13 is provided with a drive control unit 22 having an electromagnetic valve or the like connected to a hydraulic unit (not shown). The drive control unit 22 includes a center of the outer surface of the fixed head unit 12 and a movable head unit 13. A slip detector 23 is attached to the center of the side surface of the station 14 side. As shown in the front sectional view of FIG. 8 and the side sectional view of FIG. 9, the slip detector 23 includes a rotary potentiometer 25, a movable part 26 connected to a rotating shaft of the potentiometer 25, and The movable element 29 is passed through a bearing 27 in a direction perpendicular to the rotation axis of the movable section 26 and held by a compression panel 28, and the return section is attached to the rotation axis of the movable section 26. Panel 30. Further, a moving amount detector 24 having a linear potentiometer is attached between the movable head 13 and the station 14. Next, the operation of joining the rails 1 with the flash welding device 11 configured as described above will be described.

First, the two rails 1 whose ends are lightly contacted are placed in the center of the portal-shaped flash welding device 11, and the joint is placed between the fixed head 1 2 and the movable head 1 3 Position in the center of the. Next, raise the two rails 1 with a lifting device (not shown) and press the top of the head of the rail 1 against the reference levelers 17 of the fixed heads 1 2 and the movable heads 13. Position the upper surfaces of the right and left rails 1 to be joined. In this state, the hydraulic cylinders 6a and 6b of the first clamp head 3 and the second clamp head 4 of the clamp device 2 provided on the fixed head section 12 and the movable head section 13 are respectively provided. The hydraulic fluid is supplied to advance the piston 62, and the power supply clamp jaws 5a of the first clamp head 3a and the power supply clamps of the second clamp head 4 and the clamp jaw 7a. Clamp the rail 1 by clamping the side of the abdomen of the rail 1 with the clamp jaw 7 of the jaw 5b. When clamping this rail 1, each rail 1 to be joined is clamped by clamping clamp jaws 7 that have a recess at the tip 7 1 and are divided into two parts on the left and right. 1 can be securely clamped.

 When clamping the rail 1 in this manner, the inner diameter of the hydraulic cylinder 6a of the first clamp head 3 is formed larger than the inner diameter of the cylinder of the hydraulic cylinder 6b of the second clamp head 4, Since the thrust of the hydraulic cylinder 6a of the first clamp head 3 is larger than the thrust of the hydraulic cylinder 6b of the second clamp head 4, the hydraulic cylinder 6a of the first clamp head 3 has the maximum stroke. And the reference position for positioning the side surface of the abdomen of the rail 1 with the tip surface 71 of the clamp jaw 7 attached to the hydraulic cylinder 6a of the first clamp head 3.

 Also, when the power supply clamp jaws 5a of the first clamp head 3 and the power supply clamp jaws 5b of the second clamp head 4 are pressed against the abdominal side surface of the rail 1, they are attached to the clamp jaws 7 respectively. Since the tip of the electrode block 8 protrudes from the tip of the clamp jaw 7 and is attached to the clamp jaw 7 via the disc spring 9, the tip of the electrode block 8 is pressed against the side surface of the abdomen of the rail 1. Then, the electrode block 8 can be closely adhered to the surface of the abdomen of the rail 1. Therefore, even if the shapes and dimensions of the rails 1 to be joined vary due to dimensional tolerances, the entire tip surface of the electrode block 8 can be securely joined to the abdominal surface of the rail 1. Also, when the electrode block 8 is pressed against the abdomen of the rail 1, the flat end of the electrode block 8 compresses the flat panel 9 by an amount protruding from the front end of the clamp jaw 7. The block 8 can be pressed against the abdominal surface of the rail 1 with sufficient pressing force. Therefore, the contact resistance between the electrode block 8 and the rail 1 can be reduced.

After the two rails 1 to be joined in this way are clamped by the clamp device 2 of the fixed head portion 12 and the movable head portion 13, the inner rail side of the two rails 1 has a side surface of one. Check whether you are. As a result of this check, if the inner rail side of the two rails 1 is misaligned, the hydraulic cylinders 6a and 6b of the first clamp head 3 and the second clamp head 4 are retracted. Of the fixed head 12 or the movable head 13 The nut 66 of the stroke variable means 10 provided on the first clamp head 3 is rotated clockwise or counterclockwise according to the amount of displacement, and the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 6a of the first clamp head 3 is changed. Variable. After that, advance the hydraulic cylinders 6a and 6b to clamp the rail 1, and check if the side of the head on the inner rail side is aligned.

 In this way, the nut 66 of the strike opening variable means 10 is rotated to finely adjust the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder 6a of the first clamp head 3, and the head side of the inner rail side of the rail 1 is finely adjusted. Since the surfaces are aligned and aligned, alignment and alignment of the rails 1 to be joined can be performed easily and accurately.

 After centering and clamping the two rails 1, the specified voltage is applied to the rail 1 between the fixed head section 12 and the movable head section 13 from the welding transformer 18 through each electrode block 8. A current is applied, and the two rails 1 are joined while moving the movable head 13 forward with the hydraulic cylinder 16 attached to the station 14. When a current is applied to the rail 1 from the welding transformer 18, the current-carrying conductor connecting the welding transformer 18 and the electrode block 8 is connected to the inside of the fixed head 12 and the movable head 13. The fixed head part 1 and the movable head part 13 are made of an A 1 -Zn alloy with extremely low magnetic flux density. The eddy current loss that occurs in the fixed head section 12 and the movable head section 13 due to the current flowing through it can be reduced, and not only the fixed head section 12 and the movable head section 13 but also the welding can be performed. The transformer 18 can also be made smaller.

 During this welding, the moving amount of the rail 1 clamped by the movable head portion 13 is moved while being detected by the moving amount detector 24, so that the moving amount of the movable head portion 13 is accurately controlled. be able to. Also, at the time of the upset, the slip detector 23 detects whether or not the rail 1 clamped by the fixed head portion 1 and the movable head portion 13 due to the appressing force causes slip, respectively. The suitability of welding can be automatically determined.

After welding of rail 1 is completed, the hydraulic cylinder 21 of the deburring section 19 is advanced to the rail 1 side, and the movable head section 13 is advanced to the fixed head section 12 side to form a weld. A certain burr is removed and the welding operation is completed. When removing the burrs of this welded part, the cutting blade 20 of the deburring part 19 is cut with the head cutting blade 20 a and the abdominal cutting blade 20 b and the bottom cutting. Since it is divided into blades 20c and partly overlapped, burrs at the weld can be reliably removed by one operation.

 In the above embodiment, the hydraulic cylinder 6a of the first clamp head 3 has a larger cylinder inner diameter than the hydraulic cylinder 6b of the second clamp head 4 so that the first clamp head 3 The case where the thrust of the hydraulic cylinder 6a of the second clamp head 4 is larger than the thrust of the hydraulic cylinder 6b of the second clamp head 4 has been described, but the same applies to the first clamp head 3 and the second clamp head 4. Using a hydraulic cylinder with an inner diameter of the cylinder, make the pressure of the hydraulic oil supplied to the hydraulic cylinder of the first clamp head 3 larger than the pressure of the hydraulic oil supplied to the hydraulic cylinder of the second clamp head 4, The reference position of the abdomen of the rail 1 can be determined in the same manner as in the above embodiment.

 "Industrial applicability"

 INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is used for forming a long welding long rail by connecting rails for a railway by flash welding, and particularly for facilitating rail clamping during welding, improving centering accuracy, and a flash welding apparatus. To reduce size and weight.

Claims

The scope of the claims  1. A rail clamping device (2) used for flash welding rails (1) for railways,  A first clamp head (3) and a second clamp head (4) which are provided opposite to each other with the abdomen of the rail (1) interposed therebetween;  Each of the clamp heads (3) and (4) has a power supply clamp jaw (5) having a clamp jaw (7) and an electrode block (8) and a hydraulic cylinder (6), and the clamp jaw (7) is a rail. The rear end is fixed to the end of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder (6), has a concave guide at the end, and the electrode block (8) is a rail. The distal end projects slightly from the distal end of the clamp jaw 3 — (7) and is inserted into the guide of the clamp jaw (7), and the rear end is connected to the elastic member (9). And attached to the clamp jaw (7).  2. The rail clamp device according to claim 1,  The hydraulic cylinder (6a) of the first clamp head (3) has a stroke varying means (10), and the stroke varying means (10) is a tip of a piston rod on the rear side of the hydraulic cylinder (6a). And a nut (66) screwed to the screw portion (65).  The thrust of the hydraulic cylinder (6a) of the first clamp head (3) is made larger than the thrust of the hydraulic cylinder (6b) of the second clamp head (4).  3. A flash welding device (11) for connecting railway rails, which is equipped with a clamp device (2) having power supply clamp jaws (5a) and (5b), and the clamp device (2). The fixed head (1 2) and the movable head (1 3), the welding transformer (18) mounted on the fixed head (1 2), and the movable head (1 3) has a deburring portion (19) attached to The power supply clamp jaws (5a) and (5b) are provided facing each other across the abdomen of the rail to be joined, and the rear end is fixed to the tip of the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinders (6a) and (6b). A clamp jaw (7) having a concave guide portion at the distal end; Is slightly projected from the tip of the clamp jaw (7) and inserted into the guide of the clamp jaw (7), and the rear end is attached to the clamp jaw (7) via the elastic member (9). And an electrode block (8) connected to a welding transformer (18), and a hydraulic cylinder (6a) to which one of the power supply clamp jaws (7) is attached is connected to the tip of the rear piston rod. A variable stroke (10) having a screw portion (65) provided in the portion and a nut (66) screwed to the screw portion (65);  The deburring portion (19) is provided opposite to the rail, and the tip is divided into a plurality of cutting blades (20) according to the shape of the rail. And a hydraulic cylinder (2 1) that moves back and forth in a direction perpendicular to the direction.  4. The rail flash welding apparatus according to claim 3,  It is characterized in that the fixed head (12) and the movable head (13) are made of an A1-Zn alloy.