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WO1994021107A1 - Procede et appareil de preparation de semence pregermee - Google Patents

Procede et appareil de preparation de semence pregermee Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1994021107A1
WO1994021107A1 PCT/GB1994/000525 GB9400525W WO9421107A1 WO 1994021107 A1 WO1994021107 A1 WO 1994021107A1 GB 9400525 W GB9400525 W GB 9400525W WO 9421107 A1 WO9421107 A1 WO 9421107A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
seed
drum
oxygen
drums
atmosphere
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/GB1994/000525
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English (en)
Inventor
David Currie Smart
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HOLLINS JEREMY JONES
Original Assignee
HOLLINS JEREMY JONES
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by HOLLINS JEREMY JONES filed Critical HOLLINS JEREMY JONES
Publication of WO1994021107A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994021107A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
    • A01C1/02—Germinating apparatus; Determining germination capacity of seeds or the like

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method of and apparatus for preparing or processing pre-germinated seed, and more particularly a method and apparatus for use with pre-germinated grass seed.
  • EP-A-0 418 741 comprises a drum with a drain valve connected to its base, a vented lid and an aeration insert.
  • the insert consists of a platform which is supported at a position spaced from the base of the drum, and several upstanding perforated tubes. The insert is designed so that air may flow through the platform, up into the tubes and then radially out of the tubes and through seed located in the drum.
  • the aeration insert is located within the drum and the drum is filled with seed.
  • the seed is then present around but not within the perforated tubes which form part of the aeration insert.
  • the drain valve is of course closed.
  • the drum is filled with water and the seed is soaked for a period of between three and four hours.
  • the drain valve is then opened and the water is drained from the drum.
  • the seed then heats up and air is drawn through the drum via the drain valve and up through the aeration tubes by convention, thereby aerating the seed so that it is left moist but not wet.
  • the seed can then be sown.
  • This system therefore provides a method of treating the seed which comprises soaking, draining and aerating the seed in order to reduce the germination period.
  • the present inventor has however appreciated that there is a problem with all such pre-germination systems, in that the seed produced has to be used within a relatively short period of time, otherwise it deteriorates rapidly. Typically the seed is only viable for two to five days. This means that the pre-germination equipment must be near to the point of use of the seed, and may need to be constructed so that it is transportable. The seed must be produced as it is required, and cannot be stored for future use. It is also impracticable to try to sell this seed in small quantities or for the domestic market, as it cannot be delivered and sold sufficiently quickly or consistently.
  • Bewley and Black discusses inter alia secondary dormancy, which is dormancy induced in a mature, imbibed seed. Many factors are thought to affect secondary dormancy. In particular it is known that "far-red” light can induce secondary dormancy. Far-red light is understood by those skilled in the art to mean red light in the visible spectrum with a wavelength above about 700 nm, typically extending to 800 nm. Such light induces “photo-reversion” and has therefore also been referred to as photo-reverted light. The effect of light at different wavelengths is discussed in Bewley and Black, and reference is made particularly to sections 3.2, 6.3 and 6.8.
  • the preferred system comprises two stages, a first stage in which seed is soaked to initiate germination, and a second stage in which the seed is dried and forced into secondary dormancy in such a way that it can then be stored.
  • grass seed is loaded into an upright cylindrical container and soaked in an aqueous soak solution.
  • Thermostatic control is provided by an extractor fan located in a cover to the container.
  • the seed is aerated or oxygenated by making air passages vertically through the seed with the aid of pins, and then supplying compressed air or oxygen to the drain outlet so that it passes up through the seed.
  • the seed may then be allowed to stand for some hours with intermittent application of compressed air or oxygen.
  • This stage initiates the metabolic germination process to a point just prior to radicle emergence; we refer to seed in this condition as pre-germinated seed.
  • the pre-germinated imbibed seed is passed to a drying installation, and tumbles down through four drying drums.
  • the drying installation is air-tight and contains an oxygen-free atmosphere of 80% nitrogen and 20% argon.
  • Far-red light at 720 nm is shone into the drums, and the combined effect of the simultaneous dehumidification, light, and oxygen-free atmosphere induces secondary dormancy in the seed in a way that it can be stored for relatively long periods.
  • Figure 1 is an exploded view of a soaking apparatus for pre-germination seed
  • Figure 2 is a similar view of a modification of the soaking apparatus of Figure 1;
  • Figure 3 is a side sectional view through a drying installation for receiving the pre-germinated seed
  • Figure 4 is an end view of the installation of Figure 3 taken from the right side in Figure 3 with the end cover 164 removed;
  • Figure 5 is an end view of the installation of Figure 3 taken from the left side in Figure 3 with the end cover 166 removed;
  • Figure 6 is a view taken on the line VI-VI in Figure 3 showing the interior of the drying drums.
  • the example illustrated in the drawings involves preparing the seed in two stages.
  • the first stage is the soaking and pre-germination stage, where imbibed seed is produced and allowed to commence the metabolic germination process.
  • the seed is then transferred to a drying stage.
  • Two alternative forms of soaking apparatus are shown in Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings.
  • the preferred drying apparatus is illustrated in Figures 3 and 6.
  • the soaking apparatus 10 shown in Figure 1 of the drawings is used in the initial stages of the treatment of grass seed in order to reduce the germination period thereof and comprises an open-top drum-like container 12 having a base 14 which defines an aperture 16 where a manually operable valve 18 is designed to be connected to the base.
  • the drum has a first lid 20 with apertures 22 for ventilating purposes.
  • the drum also has a second lid 24
  • s ⁇ m sHEETmuiEa which is of a domed construction and which includes a thermostatically-controlled extractor fan 26.
  • the thermostatic sensor may be half way down on the inside of the container 12.
  • Both of the lids 20, 24 are, of course, designed to be mounted upon the upper edges of the wall of the drum in order to extend across the open top thereof.
  • a mesh platform 28 is supported upon the upper edge of a cylinder 30 which is designed to be slidingly received within the drum-like container 12 so that the mesh 28 is supported horizontally at a position above the level of the base 14.
  • An oxygenation insert 32 is composed of a domed lid 34 with a hose or the like 36 extending away from the centre of the top of the lid for connection to a source of compressed air.
  • the underside of the dome is closed off by a plate which carries a plurality of hollow depending fingers 38.
  • Each finger 38 is open at its top end where it is connected to the plate which extends across the lower part of the domed lid. At its free end each finger is closed. Over its length each finger 38 defines a plurality of small apertures 40, such that compressed air supplied through the hose 36 may pass into the domed lid 34 and then into each of the fingers 38 and radially outwardly through the apertures 40.
  • valve 18 When using the apparatus of Figure 1 in order to treat grass seed, the valve 18 is initially connected to the aperture 16 in the base 14 of the container 12 and is set to the closed position.
  • the mesh platform 28 is inserted into the container and the container is then filled with seed to a level 15 cm from the top of the container.
  • An appropriate batch card is made out in order to keep a record of the treatment of the seed with the card containing details of the particular type of seed being treated.
  • the container is then filled with a soak solution at a temperature of approximately 24°C. The temperature of the soak solution may vary within the range 20"C to 25 ⁇ C.
  • the soak solution is an aqueous solution containing 0.5% of 66.5% W/W propamocarb hydrochloride, 1% of 0.0005% cobalt chloride and 1% of 0.0005% sodium molybdate.
  • the seed is left to sts. d in the soak solution for approximately three and a quart ⁇ : hours. After the required period of soaking the soak solution is released from the container 12 by opening the valve 18. Once the soak solution has been drained from the container the lid 20 is removed and, with the valve 18 left in the open position, the seed is oxygenated. This is effected by inserting the oxygenation insert 32 into the seed via the open top of the container so that the fingers 38 are pushed into the seed and the domed lid 34 is positioned adjacent the top of the container. Compressed air is then supplied to the oxygenation insert as indicated by the arrow 42. The air is, of course, forced to pass through the seed. Typically the duration of oxygenation is approximately ten seconds although this may, of course, vary according to the particular specie of grass seed which is being treated.
  • the oxygenation insert When oxygenation has been completed the oxygenation insert is removed and the second lid 24 is positioned on the open top of the container 12.
  • the thermostat which serves to activate the extractor fan 26 is set to the required temperature and the unit is switched on.
  • the seed is then left to stand until a period of twelve hours has elapsed from the soak commencement time. During this standing period the seed will heat up and, by convection, warm air rises, causing more air to be drawn into the container via the open valve 18.
  • the temperature-controlled extractor fan 26 maintains the temperature in the container within the range 20°C to 24°C, being switched on and off appropriately by the setting of the thermostat. It will be appreciated that pre-germination therefore takes place under controlled environmental conditions.
  • the seed is rinsed by closing the valve 18, removing the lid 24 and filling the container with water at a temperature of approximately 24 ⁇ C so that the seed is covered.
  • the valve 18 is then opened again in order to drain the water from the container.
  • the seed is then oxygenated again by introducing the oxygenation insert 32 into the container and supplying compressed air for a period of approximately ten seconds in the same manner as described above.
  • the oxygenation insert 32 is removed and the lid 24 is replaced on the top of the container with the thermostat again being set in order to maintain a temperature within the range 20°C ro 24 ⁇ C in the container.
  • the seed is now left to stand for a period of time which is dependent upon the particular specie of grass seed being treated and the intended final use of the seed.
  • the period for which the seed is allowed to stand will typically be within the range 24 to 48 hours although it could be longer.
  • the period for perennial ryegrass the period is approximately 24 hours
  • fescues festuca rubra, festuca commutata and festuca longifolia
  • the period is approximately 36 to 48 hours
  • kentucky bluegrass (poa partensis) the period is within the range of 72 to 96 hours.
  • the seed is examined microscopically from time to time and the period for which the seed is allowed to stand will depend upon the results of these periodic examinations. Examination will involve studying the seed under microscope to assess when the desired stage of pre-germination has been reached. This will generally be just prior to radicle emergence. When this point is reached the seed is removed from the container 12 and is transferred into a drying machine such as is shown in Figures 3 to 6 of the drawings.
  • the size of the container 12 may vary and it is envisaged that containers having a capacity of 60 - 70 litres, 250 litres or 800 litres, can be provided.
  • the largest container may be designed to have two valves 18 fitted to its base.
  • Figure 2 is a similar view of a modified soaking apparatus 50 based on that of Figure 1, and in which corresponding parts are given the same reference numbers.
  • the apparatus 50 differs from the apparatus 10 of Figure 1 in that the drain valve 18 is located at the bottom part of the side of the container, and more particularly in that the oxygenation insert 32 is not used. Instead a disc 52 carries depending parallel spears 54 such that, after steeping the seed in water and then draining the water off, the pins or spears can be lowered into the wet seed in the container. The spears reach substantially to the level of the mesh platform 28. The disc 52 and spears 54 are then removed, leaving vertically-extending air passages formed in the seed.
  • Air or oxygen is then introduced through the drain valve 18 into the bottom of the container.
  • the air passes up through the mesh platform 28 and into the seed.
  • the air passages made by the spears allow the air or oxygen to pass up through the seed, which would otherwise form too solid a block for the air or oxygen to effectively penetrate through the seed.
  • the spears 54 take the form of hollow tubes with an inlet at the top and an outlet at the very bottom.
  • a blast of air or oxygen is forced down the spears. This clears away the seed at the bottom of the spears allowing air to move from below the mesh 28 into the passages formed by the spears more easily.
  • the seed is placed in the container 12 and allowed to soak.
  • the water is drained off, and compressed air (or oxygen) blown in through the valve 18.
  • compressed air or oxygen
  • oxygen-enriched air mixture could be used.
  • the air is blown in intermittently, for a few seconds every hour or so. Germination then takes place encouraged by the oxygen in the air. This typically takes 24 to 36 hours.
  • the point at which the seed needs to be removed from the container 12 and transferred to the drying stage depends on the type of seed, and is best found by simple experiment. In general, it is likely to be the point at which no change to the seed is apparent to the naked eye, but where the commencement of germination is apparent under a microscope; that is to say just prior to emergence of the radicle.
  • the apparatus 100 comprises a frame 102 supporting a generally rectangular housing 104 containing four cylindrical drying cylinders or drums, 106, 108, 110, 112.
  • the housing may be about 2 to 2.5 metres high, and the drums about 1.5 to 2 metres long and about 0.4 m in diameter.
  • the housing 104 forms an air-tight surround.
  • An input hopper 114 is mounted on the top of the housing 104 with a valve 116, driven by a motor 118 and a drive belt 120, regulating the flow of seed out of the bottom of the hopper.
  • the valve 116 comprises four chambers formed as quadrants about an axle, rotation of which causes seed to flow through the valve while restricting the flow of air out through the valve.
  • Such valves are of known type.
  • the seed falls into a fixed chute 122 which leads into the open end of the first drum 106.
  • the drums are mounted, as described below, so as to be at a slight slope to the horizontal, and are rotated.
  • the seed gradually tumbles from one end of the drum to the other.
  • it falls from the drum 106 through a chute 124 into the second drum 108. It traverses the length of the second drum and is directed by a similar chute 126 into the third drum 110.
  • From the distant end of the third drum it passes through a chute 128 to the final drum 112, and from here to an outlet hopper 130.
  • the seed thus follows a zig-zag path down through the drums, each of which is lower than the preceding one.
  • the seed collects in the hopper 130, which is sealed at the bottom by a sliding plate (not shown), until the hopper is sufficiently full, when the sliding plate is opened and the seed falls into a black plastic sack 132.
  • each drum has a number of internal paddles or vanes 134 extending along its length, so that as the drum rotates the seed falls over the vanes in a waterfall effect and is fully exposed to the surrounding drying atmosphere.
  • Each drum is mounted on an exle 136 by means of an X-shaped cross-piece 138 at each end of the drum, and the axle 136 extends between two end plates 140 which are closely spaced from the associated ends of the housing 104.
  • each axle 136 ⁇ s journalled in the end plate 140 and carries one or two pulleys 142.
  • the pulleys are linked by drive belts 144 ( Figures 3 and 4) such that drive from the lowest drum 112 is transferred upwardly by the belts 144 to each of the other three drums in turn.
  • the first drum is driven by an electric motor 146, mounted on one side of the housing 104, by a gearbox 148 and a further belt 150.
  • each axle 136 is not journalled in the end plate 140 but rather passes through a vertical slot or large hole in the end plate and is received in a bush formed in the lower end of a strut 152.
  • This end of each of the four drums is mounted in an adjustable manner so that the slope of the drums can be varied. As the slope is altered there is a slight longitudinal displacement of the end of the axle, consequent upon the end of the drum swinging in a small arc, which displacement is taken up by movement of the strut 152.
  • Each strut 152 is coupled to an adjustment linkage which includes a horizontal arm 154, to the centre of which the upper end of the strut 152 is connected.
  • the horizontal arm has one end pivoted on the outer side of the end plate 140, and its other end pivoted to a vertical strut 156, the further end of which is pivoted on a block 158 which is threaded onto a long vertical screwthreaded rod 160.
  • the drums are coupled in pairs to two rods 160, because as that end of the first and third drums 106, 110 goes up, the same end of the second and fourth drums 108, 112 should go down, and vice versa.
  • the threaded rods 160 are extended downwardly below the housing 104 so that they can be turned by an operator to adjust the drum tilt.
  • Rotation of the rods 160 causes the blocks 158 to travel vertically on the rods, thus adjusting the vertical height of the end of the associated drum through the strut 156, arm 154 and strut 152. Adjustment of the tilt varies the speed at which seed passes through the apparatus.
  • Each of the end plates 140 carries a number of holes 162. Several holes are arranged within the circumference of the associated drum about the position of the axle 136. Over the end plates and forming part of the housing 104 are end covers 164, 166, which serve to seal the housing 104. In this way two chambers 168 are formed, one at each end of the housing.
  • a conventional dehumidifier unit 170 is located within the base 102.
  • the unit 170 is provided with four flexible ducts. Two of these ducts 172 connect the output of the dehumidifier to the chamber 168 at one end of the housing and the other two of these ducts 174 connect the inlet of the dehumidifier to the chamber 168 at the other end of the housing.
  • the dehumidifier unit 170 includes a drier and a fan, and causes dry air to flow outwardly through the ducts 172 into the chamber 168 between the end cover 164 and the adjacent end plate 140.
  • the air flows through the holes 162 into the drums and passes along the length of the drums, out through the holes 162 at the other end, and into the chamber 168 between the end cover 166 and the other end plate 140.
  • the ducts 174 then convey the air back to the dehumidifier 170.
  • the ducts 172 are spaced sufficiently widely, as shown in Figure 4, for the operator to get between them to remove the sack 132.
  • lights 180 are also in the space between the end plates 140 and the end covers 164, 166.
  • the lights are preferably mounted on the end plates 140 but may be mounted on the end covers, as shown, in either event such that light passes through the holes 162 into the drums.
  • the lights provide far-red light in the wavelength 700 nm to 800 nm and do not provide any substantial light in the range 520 nm to 700 nm.
  • the preferred wavelength is centred on about 720 nm, but it may vary with the specie of seed being treated.
  • the drying apparatus is first sterilized to remove any traces from previous use. Then the gas circuit comprising the housing 104, ducts 172, 174 and dehumidifier 170 are filled with an anaerobic gas or gas mixture.
  • a suitable mixture comprises 80% nitrogen and 20% argon though a suitable range for the argon content might be 10% to 40%. Nitrogen alone is lighter than air and tends to float away, so argon, which is heavier, is included. Other gases, such as carbon dioxide or a mixture of gasses, could be used. In any event the oxygen content is substantially eliminated.
  • the lights 180 are illuminated and pre-germinated imbibed seed from the apparatus of Figure 1 or Figure 2 is introduced into the hopper, the electric motors are started, and a steady flow of seed is passed through the drums as they are rotated.
  • the tumbling action causes the seed to be well exposed to the dry gas flow, and the seed gradually dries as it passes through the drying apparatus.
  • drying due to the action of the dehumidifier which may include a heater or temperature control;
  • irradiation with far-red light which passes into the drums through the ends;
  • the seed is removed in sealed bags which are opaque so as not to let in light and which do not contain oxygen.
  • the bags 132 are collapsed when placed below the outlet hopper 130, and not only fill with seed from the hopper but also receive the same gas atmosphere as exists in the hopper.
  • the bags are sealed closed in this position.
  • the nitrogen and argon used in this example are conveniently introduced into the apparatus at the outlet hopper 130.
  • the bags used may be black polyethylene bags of 1000 gram/sq. metre weight and may be sealed by heat sealing.
  • bagging-off chamber below hopper 130 could be split into two sections, with nitrogen and argon being introduced into the bottom of the chamber to be filled. When one section of the bagging-off chamber is full, the seed flow is diverted to the other unfilled part. Nitrogen is pumped under pressure into the chamber until there is only 1 to 5% oxygen. The seed is then released into the bags.
  • the bags may contain 10 kg of seed in ar. atmosphere of less than 5% oxygen, at atmospheric pressure.
  • the degree of drying may depend on the specie of seed but will typically lead to a moisture content in the range 10 to 15%.
  • the seed is sampled in the drums and the rate of drying adjusted accordingly.
  • the seed is exposed to far-red light for a period of time which typically varies between 10 intues and 1 hour, depending again on the specie of seed and the inherent seed coat thickness.
  • the seed prepared using the apparatus illustrated has storage properties which are vastly superior to presently-available pre-germinated seed. Hitherto it has not been possible to produce seed that can be stored in the packed condition without rapid deterioration. It is believed that the effectiveness of the present method resides in the prompt and simultaneous application of the exposure to far-red light and elimination of normal red-light on the one hand, and the oxygen-free or inert atmosphere on the other as soon as the drying operation starts. These dormancy-inducing influences operate as the drying takes place to set the seed into secondary dormancy as it dries.
  • the method described may also be used to initiate the metabolic germination process with other seed, particularly with cereals, though it may be usable with a wide variety of seed such as turnips or parsnips, for example.
  • seed such as turnips or parsnips, for example.
  • the precise optimum operational parameters for different seeds can only be found empirically.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)

Abstract

On réalise la prégermination d'une semence telle qu'une semence de gazon dans un récipient cylindrique (12) par immersion dans une solution à absorber, sous la commande thermostatique d'un ventilateur d'extraction (26) monté dans le couvercle (24) du récipient. Après évacuation de ladite solution, on réalise l'aération ou l'oxygénation de la semence en pratiquant des passages pour air dans la semence à l'aide d'éléments pointus (54), puis en alimentant le robinet d'évacuation (18) en oxygène ou en air comprimé. On introduit la semence prégermée dans une installation de séchage (100) où elle tombe en suivant une trajectoire en zigzag traversant quatre tambours de séchage (106, 108, 110, 112). L'installation (100) est hermétique et renferme une atmosphère exempte d'oxygène et constituée de 80 % d'azote et de 20 % d'argon. On éclaire les tambours à l'aide d'une lumière de type rouge lointain à 720 nm, et l'effet combiné de la déshumidification, de l'éclairage et de l'atmosphère exempte d'oxygène provoque un repos végétatif secondaire au sein de la semence, ce qui permet son stockage. Le stockage se fait dans des sacs opaques (132) également remplis d'une atmosphère exempte d'oxygène.
PCT/GB1994/000525 1993-03-16 1994-03-16 Procede et appareil de preparation de semence pregermee Ceased WO1994021107A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9305317A GB2276525A (en) 1993-03-16 1993-03-16 Method of and apparatus for preparing pre-germinated seed
GB9305317.1 1993-03-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994021107A1 true WO1994021107A1 (fr) 1994-09-29

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WO (1) WO1994021107A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6261996B1 (en) 1995-06-08 2001-07-17 Rhone-Poulenc Inc. Pregerminated rice seed
US6363656B1 (en) * 2000-02-22 2002-04-02 Kook-Yun Byun Apparatus and method for germinating grain
JP2010528675A (ja) * 2007-06-12 2010-08-26 フィタゴラス 酸素により制御される種子のプライミング
CN106034483A (zh) * 2016-08-16 2016-10-26 叶世青 一种种子发芽培育杯

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IL129004A0 (en) * 1999-03-15 2000-02-17 Seed Tech Temed Ltd Process and apparatus for promoting the germination of plant seeds and the production of agricultural crops
WO2013048250A1 (fr) * 2011-09-29 2013-04-04 Rhino Research Europe B.V. Système pour traiter des graines, procédé et produit de programme informatique
EP2574223A1 (fr) * 2011-09-29 2013-04-03 Rhino Research Europe B.V. Système pour le traitement de graines, procédé et produit de programme informatique

Citations (4)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
LU33071A1 (fr) *
GB341484A (en) * 1928-11-10 1931-01-16 Lab Georges Truffaut Ets Process for the preservation and transport of seed in tropical and sub-tropical countries and under similar conditions
US2735226A (en) * 1956-02-21 franks etal
US5012609A (en) * 1988-12-12 1991-05-07 Automated Agriculture Associates, Inc. Method and apparatus for irradiation of plants using optoelectronic devices

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US3940885A (en) * 1975-01-21 1976-03-02 Oscar Sam Gray Process and equipment for treating seeds and product thereof
ATE6669T1 (de) * 1979-12-10 1984-03-15 J & P Coats Limited Verfahren zur behandlung von samen oder getreide zur beschleunigung der natuerlichen keimung.
NZ211232A (en) * 1984-03-19 1988-02-12 Pcw Agra Tech Ltd Vacuum and pressure treatment of seeds before sowing
FR2582467B1 (fr) * 1985-05-16 1990-07-06 Nat Res Dev Semences germees d'une espece vegetale et procedes pour leur traitement
GB8816228D0 (en) * 1988-07-07 1988-08-10 Coventry M Seed germination apparatus & method

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
LU33071A1 (fr) *
US2735226A (en) * 1956-02-21 franks etal
GB341484A (en) * 1928-11-10 1931-01-16 Lab Georges Truffaut Ets Process for the preservation and transport of seed in tropical and sub-tropical countries and under similar conditions
US5012609A (en) * 1988-12-12 1991-05-07 Automated Agriculture Associates, Inc. Method and apparatus for irradiation of plants using optoelectronic devices

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
BEWLEY AND BLACK: "PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY OF SEEDS IN RELATION TO GERMINATION", 1982, SPRINGER VERLAG *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6261996B1 (en) 1995-06-08 2001-07-17 Rhone-Poulenc Inc. Pregerminated rice seed
US6363656B1 (en) * 2000-02-22 2002-04-02 Kook-Yun Byun Apparatus and method for germinating grain
JP2010528675A (ja) * 2007-06-12 2010-08-26 フィタゴラス 酸素により制御される種子のプライミング
CN106034483A (zh) * 2016-08-16 2016-10-26 叶世青 一种种子发芽培育杯

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB2276525A (en) 1994-10-05
GB9305317D0 (en) 1993-05-05

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