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WO1994001635A1 - Systeme de charpente de combles a action composite - Google Patents

Systeme de charpente de combles a action composite Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1994001635A1
WO1994001635A1 PCT/US1993/006427 US9306427W WO9401635A1 WO 1994001635 A1 WO1994001635 A1 WO 1994001635A1 US 9306427 W US9306427 W US 9306427W WO 9401635 A1 WO9401635 A1 WO 9401635A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
truss
beams
struts
strut
deck
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US1993/006427
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English (en)
Inventor
John D. Breitenbach
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Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AU46684/93A priority Critical patent/AU4668493A/en
Publication of WO1994001635A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994001635A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C3/08—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal with apertured web, e.g. with a web consisting of bar-like components; Honeycomb girders
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B7/00—Roofs; Roof construction with regard to insulation
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0486—Truss like structures composed of separate truss elements
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C3/00—Structural elongated elements designed for load-supporting
    • E04C3/02—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces
    • E04C3/04—Joists; Girders, trusses, or trusslike structures, e.g. prefabricated; Lintels; Transoms; Braces of metal
    • E04C2003/0486—Truss like structures composed of separate truss elements
    • E04C2003/0495—Truss like structures composed of separate truss elements the truss elements being located in several non-parallel surfaces

Definitions

  • This invention cc ⁇ erns a V-shaped roof truss system which includes the roof deck as an integral structural element of the design.
  • the roof truss system hereof is nestable in storage and transit, employs a standing seam with no exposed fasteners, and provides a composite beam action which provides an efficient truss design with a minimum of vertical deflection as well as transmitting loads in directions both substantially normal to and transversely across said deck.
  • Prior methods of structural support of roof decking have usually been comprised of roof purlin systems using cold-rolled C or Z shapes, bar joists, wide flange beams and the like, all using steel materials. Wood materials are also used for purlin and joist systems.
  • V-truss systems have been developed for use in supporting roof decking. These systems include those shown in U.S. Patent No. 3,091 ,313 to Colbath, U.S. Patent No. 4,349,996 to Lautensleger et al., and U.S. Patent No. 4,435,932 to Seaburg, et al.
  • Composite beam action may be understood as including any mechanically attached top membrane as an integral compression element or member in the design or vertical load carrying capability of the entire structural unit, in this case the V-truss & deck unit.
  • the roof deck or membrane functions as an integral top chord.
  • Conventional roof deck systems have been constructed which are securely welded or fastened to the underlying supporting member, and which transfer horizontal forces. However, these systems are not designed for composite action.
  • a need for a roof system which includes a lightweight upper deck and provides for composite beam action which will result in the most efficient V-truss member design with the least amount of vertical deflection.
  • a need has also developed for a V-truss which: is stackable for manufacture and shipment; is stable and safe during and after roof erection; provides for an integral system of the joist and roof deck which will transmit horizontal wind and seismic forces; which will combine and use the benefits of a standing seam roof system with composite design and horizontal diaphragm force action; will enable the assembly and lock-down for partial or full composite action of the top truss panel and positioning of secondary panels on the V-truss for hoisting to the roof, all to be performed on the ground; will provide a press formed connection design that will not only facilitate stacking of the V-trusses, but will allow for factory assembly and welding of the open "V"; will provide a total assembly capable of withstanding required uplift loads per current building codes; and will provide a lighter weight structural system with less deflection
  • the roof truss system of the present invention utilizes the roof deck as the top chord of the truss to act as a load bearing member both for vertical loads and for horizontal or diaphragm loads including seismic and wind shear.
  • the roof truss system hereof includes a pair of elongated beam chords as part of a V-truss, the diagonals and bottom chord portions of the V-truss; a roof deck in the form of a panel having an upper membrane and a lower membrane, and means for connecting the deck to the beams whereby the deck supports loads placed thereon and transfers horizontal loads therealong so that adjacent decks transfer forces therealong.
  • the decks present upstanding flanges of a standing seam design for efficient installation and the truss system is constructed so that much of the assembly can be completed before hoisting into roof position.
  • the system hereof includes a removable cross strut whereby a number of such trusses can be stacked for storage or transportation and then ground assembled prior to hoisting on the site to be carried by conventional girders, concrete or masonry walls, other trusses or structures well-known to those skilled in the art and not forming a part of the claimed invention.
  • the deck is provided in a plurality of layers having insulation, such as foam insulation, sandwiched between the upper membrane and the lower membrane.
  • Each side of the deck member presents a standing seam and a shoulder positioned therebelow which is mounted to the beams. The shoulders are configured to engage the beams and thereby transmit force directly thereto.
  • holes are selectively provided in a longitudinally extending lip to receive screws therethrough for attaching the deck to the beam.
  • the deck is preferably provided with stiffening indentations extending transversely to promote the transfer of horizontal or diaphragm loads, as well as downward and uplift loads.
  • a reinforcing strut may be so designed and positioned in vertically spaced relationship below the lower membrane of the deck to provide additional support under extreme loading conditions.
  • the V-truss also preferably includes, in addition to V-struts lying in a substantially vertical plane and positioned at intervals along the strut, a plurality of secondary struts which are inclined in a longitudinal direction to provide longitudinal stability as well as vertical support.
  • the V- struts and the secondary struts are both connected to the bottom chord of the strut and to a connecting plate.
  • the connecting plate is most preferably press-formed to provide recesses for respectively receiving one leg of each the V-struts and the diagonal secondary struts, thereby allowing all members to be accurately positioned and easily welded at the centroidal position of the respective legs and plates providing greater fabrication and cutting error tolerance in manufacturing.
  • each plate is interconnected longitudinally by a stabilizer rod to secure integrity during handling.
  • Each plate includes a stiffener indentation for improving the stiffness of the plate, as well as holes for receiving both the transversely extending stabilizer struts across the V-truss and the connecting struts which transversely connect one V-truss to an adjacent V-truss in the system.
  • the connecting plates, stabilizer rods, V-struts and secondary struts are preferably welded in place, the stabilizer struts and the connecting struts are mounted by threaded fasteners whereby the V- truss can be stacked until ready for use, and then later connected to the beams. All stabilizer struts and connecting struts are installed at the time of field erection.
  • the deck and the V- struts and secondary struts are in simultaneous compression and tension respectively as a unit, and under uplift loads the deck, V-struts and diagonal secondary struts may alternate stresses, depending on the roof loading.
  • the shoulders of the deck members are configured to, together with the fasteners connecting the deck to the beams, transfer vertical loads into composite action with the V-truss and transfer horizontal or diaphragm forces across the deck membrane.
  • Figure 1 is a top front perspective sectional view of a V-truss system used in connection with the roof deck and connecting struts to comprise the composite action roof truss system of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a top plan view of one section of the V-truss system hereof without the deck member;
  • Fig. 3 is a vertical cross sectional view of the V-truss system hereof through line 3-3 of Fig. 2;
  • Fig. 4 is an enlarged, vertical cross sectional view of the composite action roof truss system hereof showing the roof deck, the reinforcing strut and the connecting strut for connecting adjacent V-truss members;
  • Fig. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary perspective view of the connecting plate showing portions of the respective reinforcing strut, connecting strut, V-strut, secondary strut and stabilizer rod in their respective positions;
  • Fig. 6 is an enlarged, fragmentary view of the composite action roof truss system hereof showing the standing seam connection of adjacent deck members with their insulation shown in section, and showing the deck members mounted to a C-beam;
  • Fig. 7 is an enlarged, fragmentary view of the composite action roof truss system hereof similar to Fig. 6 but showing the deck and V-truss connected to an angle beam;
  • Fig. 8 is an enlarged, fragmentary left side elevation view of the V-truss hereof showing the V-strut and the secondary strut welded to the bottom chord and secondary chord positioned thereabove;
  • Fig. 9 is an enlarged exploded view in perspective, showing portions of two adjacent deck members in position for mounting to a beam, with portions of the standing seam wall of one of the deck members broken away for clarity;
  • Fig. 10 is an enlarged, fragmentary front elevational view of the connecting strut and the reinforcing strut mounting to the connecting plate, with the bottom membrane of the deck member shown spaced above the reinforcing strut;
  • Fig. 11 is an enlarged, fragmentary top plan view showing the connecting strut and reinforcing strut mounted to the connecting plate.
  • a composite action roof truss system 20 broadly includes a V-truss system 22 including a V-truss 24 and a pair of opposed, longitudinally extending, parallel, elongated beams 26 and 28, a deck member 30, and a connecting strut 32 as seen in Fig. 1 and Fig. 4.
  • the V-truss system may be connected in series to additional V-truss systems and ultimately is supported in a conventional manner at the longitudinal ends thereof by girders, concrete or masonry walls, or the like.
  • a plurality of V-truss systems 22A and 22C may be employed for supporting deck members 30A and 30C positioned thereabove, as well as deck member 30B supported in spanning relationship between adjacent V-truss systems as shown in Fig. 4.
  • V-truss 24 includes a longitudinally extending bottom chord 34, bottom chord secondary rods 36 and 38 welded thereabove, a plurality of primary V-struts 40 each presenting legs 42 and 44, a plurality of stabilizer struts 46 each presenting longitudinally inclined arms 48 and 50, connecting plate 52, longitudinally extending stabilizer rods 54 and 56, and removably mounted reinforcing strut 58.
  • the V-struts 40 and stabilizer struts 46 are welded to bottom chord 34 at welds 60 and 62 respectively as shown in Fig. 8, and each connecting plate 52 is welded to a respective leg of V-strut 40, an arm of a stabilizer strut 46, and a stabilizer rod 54.
  • reinforcing strut 58 may be connected to the connecting plate 52 by a threaded fastener.
  • Primary V-strut 40 is preferably, though not necessarily, a unitary length of steel rod or tubing which is bent into a V-shape to thereby present a pair of divergent legs 42 and 44.
  • V-strut 40 lies in a plane which is substantially perpendicular to bottom chord 34, this being normally vertical in practice.
  • Stabilizer struts 46 are also preferably, though not necessarily, formed of a unitary length of steel rod or tubing and are also bent into a V shape.
  • stabilizer struts 46 lie in a plane which is skewed relative to the bottom chord 34 and are inclined longitudinally whereby the apex 64 of stabilizer strut 46 is adjacent the apex 66 of a respective V-strut but the remote end 68 of stabilizer strut 46 is welded to the next longitudinally successive connecting plate 52 relative to the remote end 70 of the respective V-strut 40.
  • Stabilizer struts 46 thus provide vertical load carrying capacity as well as support in a longitudinal direction against horizontal or diaphragm stresses.
  • Bottom chord 34 extends longitudinally and is constructed of steel rod or tubing, while bottom chord secondary rods 36 and 38 welded thereto forming a compound bottom chord are also of steel but need not extend the full length of the bottom chord 34 but rather provides support where the greatest bending moment can be expected along the longitudinal midsection thereof.
  • Connecting plate 52 is preferably formed in a press for economy but could alternatively be forged.
  • Each connecting plate 52 includes a normally upright wall 72 and a normally transversely inclined flange 74 angled downwardly and inwardly along bend 76 toward apex 66.
  • a stiffener indentation 78 is formed in the plate 52 presenting a ridge 80 oriented transversely to bend 76 to provide resistance to the tendency of plate 52 to excessive bending and maintain the relative angle between wall 72 and flange 74.
  • Wall 72 also includes a pair of longitudinally spaced holes 82 and 84 for respectively receiving fasteners associated with connecting strut 32 and reinforcing strut 58.
  • Flange 74 presents a leg recess 86 and an arm recess 88 for respectively receiving leg 42 (or leg 44) and arm 48 (or arm 50) therein.
  • the recesses 86 and 88 serve to locate the respective remote end of each leg and arm and not only provide a greater surface area than a flat surface for welding, but also keep the leg and arm approximately centered on the flange 74 with respect to their diameters. That is to say, the centroid or diametrical center line of each the arm 48 and leg 42 will be aligned with the substantially flat plate 52 because the respective recesses 88 and 86 conform to the arcuate outer surface of the respective arm and leg.
  • Reinforcing struts 58 provide lateral stability to beams 26 and 28 and may be formed of an elongated solid rod, of tubular material, or of an angle bar as shown in Fig 5.
  • Reinforcing strut 58 presents a pair of ends 90 and 92 and is oriented in a transverse direction and preferably perpendicular relative to bottom chord 34. Adjacent each end 90 and 92, a pin 94 is affixed by welding or the like, the pin having a threaded portion for receiving a nut 96 thereon.
  • the pin is positioned to extend from the respective end 90 or 92, thereby enabling the threaded portion of the pin 94 to extend through the connecting plate 52 and the respective beam 26 or 28 and secured in position by threading nut 62 thereon.
  • the reinforcing strut is removably mounted so that multiple V-trusses 24 may be stored in a stack 98 supported or separated by blocks 100 of, e.g., wood as shown in Fig. 12. Only a single reinforcing strut 58 is mounted on the bottommost V-truss 24 for stabilization.
  • Connecting strut 32 may also be constructed of elongated solid steel rod, tubing or angle iron as shown in Fig. 5.
  • Each connecting strut 32 presents a pair of opposed ends 102 and 104 having a mounting plate 106 welded thereto, the mounting plate 106 having an aperture 108 therethrough for receiving a bolt 108.
  • the bolt 108 threadably carries a nut 110 for securing the connecting strut 32 to a respective beam and its associated connecting plate 52.
  • the connecting struts 32 typically extend between the connecting plates 52 of adjacent V-trusses 24 to provide resistance to horizontal stresses in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis of the V-truss 24.
  • Beams 26 and 28 function as the top chords of the V-truss system 24 and may be of varying configurations, such as a cold formed steel C channel shown as beam 26A in Fig. 6, or alternatively a hot roll steel angle shown as beam 26B in Fig. 7.
  • the beams 26 and 28 are preferably formed of 14 through 10 gauge steel, but may be of different thicknesses and alloys as conditions and design loading dictate.
  • Beam 26A is elongated and presents a central bight 112 and a pair of feet 114 and 116 extending normally horizontally therefrom, each terminating in a rim 118.
  • Beam 26B is also elongated and presents a normally upright back 120 and a normally horizontal head 122 at the upper end thereof.
  • the head 122 of beam 26B and the foot 116 of beam 26A provide surfaces for receiving the deck member 30 thereon.
  • Deck member 30 presents an upper membrane 124 and a lower membrane 126 having an insulation layer 128 sandwiched therebetween.
  • the upper membrane 124 is preferably of galvanized and colored sheet metal of sufficient thickness to provide a load carrying capacity such as 22 or 24 gauge.
  • the upper membrane 124 presents a substantially flat stretch 130, extends upwardly to present a standing seam flange 132 with lip 134, and then downwardly to lap 136.
  • the insulation layer 128 is preferably a synthetic resin foam such as polyurethane exhibiting good adhesive properties to hold upper membrane 124, lower membrane 126 and insulation layer 128 together as a unit with sufficient structural rigidity to act as a load carrying member.
  • Each lap 136 provides a surface for mounting the deck member 30 to a respective beam 26.
  • Lower membrane 126 presents a base 138 which includes a plurality of longitudinally spaced corrugations 140 which extend transversely across the base 138 to provide enhanced rigidity.
  • Base 138 curves upwardly to present a shoulder 144 including riser 142 which continues to a bend 143 extending to lap 136, the shoulder 144 serving to support the deck member 30 on the respective beam 26 or 28.
  • Riser 142 of shoulder 144 engages the rim 118 of beam 26A to provide additional horizontal load transferring ability in a generally transverse direction.
  • both the upper membrane and the lower membrane in the vicinity of lap 136 are provided with holes to receive therethrough the shanks 146 of sheet metal screws 148 which penetrate into the respective beam and fasten the deck member 30 thereto.
  • the lap 136 at one side 150 of each deck member 30 is provided with holes 152 of sufficient diameter to permit only the shanks 146 of the screws 148 to pass therethrough with the heads 154 of the screws holding the lap 136 down.
  • holes 152 alternate with openings 158 which are large enough to permit the heads 154 to pass therethrough.
  • the screw 148 passing through opening 158 will directly engage the lap 136 of the first side 150 of deck member 30 without interference from the lap 136 surrounding the opening 158 of the other side 156 of the adjacent deck member 30 also secured to the beam.
  • the openings 158 and holes 152 alternate in a longitudinal direction along the lap 136 of the other side 156.
  • the lap 136 of the other side 156 may include a slight fold 160 so that the lap 136 of the one side 150 and the lap 136 of the other side 156 may be positioned in overlying relationship and in parallel over the beam 26 or 28.
  • the standing seam flange 132 of each side 150 or 156 of deck member 30 presents its lip 134 which is oriented away from the standing seam flange 132 of the deck member 30 adjacent thereto.
  • the respective standing seam flanges shown as 132 and 132A in Figs. 6 and 7, present a space 162 therebetween which is preferably occupied by an insulation strip 164 which is preferably formed of synthetic resin foam material such as polyurethane in order to provide a thermal block and which maintains the juxtaposed flanges of adjacent deck members in spaced relationship.
  • batten closure 166 which extends longitudinally the length of the deck member 30 to provide weather resistance and some limited structural integrity for the roof formed by the adjacent deck members 30 and 30A. Batten closure 166 is partially open prior to installation and is hand crimped or mechanically crimped and seamed after installation.
  • the V-trusses 24 may be stored or transported in stack 98 as shown in Fig. 12. This is enabled by the ready detachability of reinforcing struts 58. Thus, prior to assembly, a number of the V-trusses can be stored in inverted, stacked relationship with their connecting plates 52 in superposed relationship. The reinforcing strut 58 shown at the bottommost V-truss 24 in stack 98 of Fig. 12 secures the stack 98.
  • the V-truss 24 is turned or rolled upright at the job site with the bottom chord 34 positioned lowermost.
  • Beams 26 (either 26A or 26B) and 28 are then fastened to the connecting plates 52 by temporarily using welded pins 94 and nuts 96 of the reinforcing struts 58 connected across the connecting plates 52.
  • the deck member 30A is then placed in position over the V-truss system 22A as preassembled, or may be assembled at the job site by filling the area between upper membrane 124 and lower membrane 126 with polyurethane foam or some other insulation in insulation layer 128, fabrication of the panels not being within the scope of this invention but well understood by those skilled in the art.
  • the deck member 30A can be connected to the beams in mechanically locking relationship by the use of screws 148. Preferably, one half (or every other one) of the screws 148 will be attached to hold the deck member 30A against its respective beam. This secures the deck members 30A in the first sequence for partial composite locking action.
  • the deck members 30A are positioned with their riser 142 preferably against bight 112 and shoulder 144 resting on foot 116 or head 122.
  • One or more additional deck members 30 can be placed on the deck member 30A and hoisted to the roof together with the V-truss system 22.
  • V-truss systems 22 can be connected in end to end relationship to provide additional length to the span by welding, connecting plates or other methods well known in the art.
  • the V-truss systems are also positioned in parallel to provide increased width to the roof structure, with adjacent V- truss systems 22 interconnected by connecting struts 32 as shown in Figs. 2 and 4.
  • the deck members 30B may then be slid into position intermediate and in spanning relationship to the respective beams 28 and 26 of adjacent V-truss systems 22.
  • Deck members 30B are positioned with their laps 136 over the laps 136 of deck members 30A so that the openings 158 are over heads 154 of screws 148 already fastened to the respective beams 26 and 28. Then another set of screws are inserted through holes 152 of the laps of both deck members 30B and 30A to penetrate leg 116 as shown by the cross mark in Fig. 9. This completes the final phase of the composite locking action for the roof system 20. With the deck members 30A and 30B securely fastened to the beams 26 and 28, insulation strips 164 are inserted in space 162 between each of the sides 150 and 156 presenting standing seam flanges 132 and covered by batten closure 166.
  • the resulting roof truss system 20 is designed to handle both vertical and horizontal forces as respectively indicated by the arrows 168 and 170 in Fig. 4.
  • Load 168 includes dead loads such as the weight of the V-truss system 22 and the deck members 30A and 30B, as well as live loads and collateral loads as will be discussed hereinafter. It may be seen that an upward arrow is included in load 168, which can be caused by wind uplift forces imposed on the roof truss system 20.
  • Load 170 is indicative of the compression forces induced by load 168 acting parallel to beams 26 and 28 serving as top chords and is taken by the deck member 30 including its upper membrane 124 and lower membrane 126, as well as beams 26 and 28.
  • the present design offers some significant advantages in handling these forces.
  • the lever arm distance from the centroid of the bottom chord 34 (which will be in tension) to the combined centroid of beams 26 and 28 and the upper membrane 124 and the lower membrane 126 is substantially increased. These factors increase design efficiency and greatly limit the deflection of the V-truss systems 22.
  • the composite action roof truss system 20 hereof handles these forces 172 in the deck members 30B positioned intermediated the V-truss systems 22.
  • the forces 172A and 172B include a diaphragm component of the lateral forces produced by wind or seismic activity which act on the building of which the invention hereof is a part.
  • the lateral loads may thus be transferred to the whole system 20 to be carried as a whole by the diaphragm action across the beams 26 and 28 supporting the deck members 30B and to the next adjacent deck member 30A itself.
  • the transfer of loads 170 and 172 and subsequent shear forces between the deck members 30 and the beams 26 and 28, and eventually along the stabilizer struts 46 is essential for composite design action of the entire structural assembly and may be computed by the formula:
  • V MQ/I
  • Typical truss spans along the length of each V-truss system may be up to 80 feet, with 50 to 60 feet being the most economical and in general will avoid the necessity to perform splicing of factory assembled deck members 30, although longer lengths are possible using intermediate splices. Widths of the deck members 30 may vary from 30 inches to 60 inches with 48 inches being an efficient width for most applications.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Rod-Shaped Construction Members (AREA)

Abstract

Un système de charpente de combles à assemblage par agrafage sur bords relevés (20), permettant une action composite, comporte une charpente en V (24), aux extrémités supérieures de laquelle sont reliés deux profilés allongés (26, 28), un élément à tablier (30) couvrant la charpente en V, et des entretoises (58) qui renforcent la charpente en V au niveau de sa partie supérieure et raccordent le système de charpente en V à un système de charpente en V adjacent. Ces éléments à tablier (30) présentent une structure de panneaux sandwich et possèdent de chaque côté un épaulement (144) qui est supporté par et se conforme de préférence à la surface des profilés pour leur transmettre des efforts, ces éléments à tablier étant bloqués mécaniquement sur les profilés, de préférence par des vis (148). Les éléments à tablier à assemblage par agrafage sur bords relevés sont faciles à assembler et font ainsi, conjointement avec les profilés, office d'éléments de compression pour supporter des charges verticales et horizontales.
PCT/US1993/006427 1992-07-10 1993-07-08 Systeme de charpente de combles a action composite Ceased WO1994001635A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU46684/93A AU4668493A (en) 1992-07-10 1993-07-08 Composite-action roof truss system

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US91175692A 1992-07-10 1992-07-10
US07/911,756 1992-07-10

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994001635A1 true WO1994001635A1 (fr) 1994-01-20

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CN108668706A (zh) * 2018-06-15 2018-10-19 西北农林科技大学 一种三角形空间桁架及大跨度无立柱温室
US10806738B2 (en) 2004-05-23 2020-10-20 HMI Medical Innovations, LLC Theramutein modulators
CN114016654A (zh) * 2021-12-15 2022-02-08 苏州美瑞德建筑装饰有限公司 一种仿木屋人字屋顶造型的复合木饰面吊顶安装设计结构

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CN112443043B (zh) * 2020-11-25 2022-02-22 浙大城市学院 一种内嵌正交向小桁架的多层通高大空间悬挑桁架结构及应用

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US3982373A (en) * 1975-05-22 1976-09-28 American Buildings Company Standing rib roof
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US4282619A (en) * 1979-11-16 1981-08-11 Havens Steel Company Truss structure
US4349996A (en) * 1980-04-24 1982-09-21 Armco Inc. Integrated roof system
US4375741A (en) * 1980-09-29 1983-03-08 Metal Building Insulation-Southwest, Inc. Insulation system for metal buildings and the like
US4566239A (en) * 1983-10-03 1986-01-28 Smigel Robert L Insulation system
US4875320A (en) * 1988-05-26 1989-10-24 Sparkes Julian G Roof insulation support system
US4897979A (en) * 1988-08-03 1990-02-06 Simpson Strong-Tie Company, Inc. Multiple wood truss connection

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3091313A (en) * 1958-03-13 1963-05-28 Dan L Colbath Long span deck member
US3978635A (en) * 1972-09-19 1976-09-07 Yves Theault Self-supporting element for roof structures and combinations thereof
US4172345A (en) * 1974-08-02 1979-10-30 Butler Manufacturing Company Insulation bags
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US10806738B2 (en) 2004-05-23 2020-10-20 HMI Medical Innovations, LLC Theramutein modulators
CN108668706A (zh) * 2018-06-15 2018-10-19 西北农林科技大学 一种三角形空间桁架及大跨度无立柱温室
CN108668706B (zh) * 2018-06-15 2024-05-07 西北农林科技大学 一种三角形空间桁架及大跨度无立柱温室
CN114016654A (zh) * 2021-12-15 2022-02-08 苏州美瑞德建筑装饰有限公司 一种仿木屋人字屋顶造型的复合木饰面吊顶安装设计结构
CN114016654B (zh) * 2021-12-15 2022-08-30 苏州美瑞德建筑装饰有限公司 一种仿木屋人字屋顶造型的复合木饰面吊顶安装设计结构

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