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WO1994000847A1 - Revetement de protection de barre de combustible - Google Patents

Revetement de protection de barre de combustible Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1994000847A1
WO1994000847A1 PCT/US1993/005931 US9305931W WO9400847A1 WO 1994000847 A1 WO1994000847 A1 WO 1994000847A1 US 9305931 W US9305931 W US 9305931W WO 9400847 A1 WO9400847 A1 WO 9400847A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
coating
burnable poison
particles
uncured
fuel assembly
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US1993/005931
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
WO1994000847A9 (fr
Inventor
Jerry S. Glazman
Mark K. Davis
Philip A. Vansaun
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Combustion Engineering Inc
Original Assignee
Combustion Engineering Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US07/906,380 external-priority patent/US5319690A/en
Application filed by Combustion Engineering Inc filed Critical Combustion Engineering Inc
Priority to AU46441/93A priority Critical patent/AU4644193A/en
Publication of WO1994000847A1 publication Critical patent/WO1994000847A1/fr
Publication of WO1994000847A9 publication Critical patent/WO1994000847A9/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C3/00—Reactor fuel elements and their assemblies; Selection of substances for use as reactor fuel elements
    • G21C3/02—Fuel elements
    • G21C3/04—Constructional details
    • G21C3/16—Details of the construction within the casing
    • G21C3/20—Details of the construction within the casing with coating on fuel or on inside of casing; with non-active interlayer between casing and active material with multiple casings or multiple active layers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

Definitions

  • This invention relates to nuclear fuel elements and, in particular, relates to fuel elements with zirconium alloy cladding tubes having a thin, durable, inner layer
  • LWR light water reactor
  • Fuel assembly design should accordingly allow for the operation of the reactor at the design power and for the highest possible burn-up without breaching the cladding and releasing radioactive products to the primary coolant.
  • Zirconium alloys are used in fuel designs because they combine desirable nuclear, physical and mechanical
  • Zircaloy-2 and Zircaloy-4 are two slightly different alloys which were developed for nuclear applications.
  • Zircaloy-2 typically contains about 1.4 wt.% tin, 0.15 wt.% iron, 0.1 wt.% chromium and 0.06 wt.% nickel, 1,000 ppm oxygen and the balance zirconium.
  • Zircaloy-4 typically contains about 1.4 wt.% tin, 0.21 wt.% iron, 0.11 wt.% chromium, 30 ppm nickel, 1,200 ppm oxygen and the balance zirconium.
  • Pressurized water reactor (PWR) fuel rods are typically made with
  • Zircaloy-4 cladding, while boiling; water reactor (BWR) fuel rods typically utilize Zircaloy-2.
  • control material The foremost characteristic of a control material is its neutron absorption properties. These vary with the energy of the impinging neutrons but one can gather together the detailed absorption features into a "thermal absorption cross-section," which is of interest in LWR's.
  • the dominant absorber used in control rods in LWR's is boron.
  • burnable poisons are solid neutron absorbers which are placed in the reactor. As the burnable absorber material is subjected to neutron irradiation, it is gradually depleted. Thus the depletion of the burnable poison corresponds, roughly, to the
  • Burnable-poisons are used to counterbalance excess reactivity at the beginning of the fuel cycle and to provide a means for power shaping and optimum core burn-up.
  • Burnable poison compounds currently of interest include boron, gadolinium and erbium.
  • burnable absorber rods are placed in fuel assembly lattice locations, thereby displacing fuel rods.
  • Other designs employ burnable absorber rod inserts and fuel assembly guide thimbles.
  • Still other designs involve the formation of burnable-absorber coatings on the inside diameters of cladding tubes, on fuel pellet surfaces, or involve distribution of the burnable absorber within the fuel pellet.
  • such a configuration can be used with uranium dioxide fuel pellets provided inside the cladding so that the fuel rod produces as much (or almost as much) power as a regular fuel rod.
  • the burnable-poison can be applied to the cladding tube prior to the introduction of uranium dioxide pellets into the tube, allowing the burnable-poison to be applied to the cladding in a cold (non-nuclear) area. This allows the burnable-poison to be applied by the tubing fabricator or by the fuel-rod fabricator and should reduce the costs associated with the manufacture of the cladding tubes containing the burnable poison.
  • the burnable poison when applied to the inside of the fuel cladding tubes, it is relatively easy to adjust the axial gradient of the burnable poison. This provides an advantage over associated methods, which involve putting burnable poison on the pellet and mixing pellet types, by reducing the inventory costs of carrying differing pellet types.
  • the use of cladding tubes having a burnable-poison layer provides for improved quality control.
  • the burnable-poison coating depth can be accurately determined by bombarding the tubing with neutrons and measuring the fraction of the neutrons which are not
  • the curable coating comprises burnable poison particles in an amount effective to provide a predetermined level of neutron absorption; optional graphite particles in an amount
  • an alkali metal silicate binder in an amount effective to durably bind the burnable poison particles and the optional graphite particles within the coating
  • an optional rheology-enhancing component in an amount effective to promote application of the uncured coating to the
  • the coating provides a durable, cost effective means for introducing a burnable poison into the reactor core.
  • a method of providing a coated zirconium alloy nuclear fuel assembly component comprises drying the above curable burnable poison containing coating (which has been applied to the zirconium alloy component in an uncured state) to a degree sufficient to provide effective
  • Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a fuel element having a burnable poison coating in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
  • zirconium alloy cladding tubes with a thin coating of enriched-boron-containing burnable-poison particles deposited from a liquid suspension which includes an acrylic polymer binder, isopropanol and, optionally, graphite is discussed in U.S. Patent No. 4,824,634 to Fuhrman et al., the entire disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
  • the polymeric binder is subsequently burned off during a vacuum curing process.
  • FIG. 1 An advanced coating which also contains burnable poison particles is shown in Fig. 1 wherein the numeral 10
  • the fuel element 10 generally indicates a fuel element which is constructed in accordance with an embodiment of the invention for use in a nuclear reactor.
  • the fuel element 10 includes a zirconium alloy cladding tube 20, a cured coating 30 on the inside of the zirconium alloy cladding tube 20, and pellets 40 of a fissionable material such as uranium dioxide (UO 2 ).
  • the cladding tube 20 is preferably made of Zircaloy-2 or
  • the cured coating 30 contains burnable poison particles, one or more alkali metal silicates, and also optionally contains graphite and rheol ⁇ gy enhancingcomponents.
  • Suitable burnable-poison materials include, but are not limited to, fine particle size erbium oxide (Er 2 O 3 ),
  • Gadolinium oxide Gd 2 O 3
  • titanium borides TiB/TiB 2
  • zirconium diboride ZrB 2
  • boron carbide B 4 C
  • boron nitride BN
  • the use of boron carbide with its high boron level per unit volume results in coatings with neutron absorption properties similar to thicker coatings that contain particles with lower boron levels per unit volume.
  • the thickness of the coatings can be further reduced if isotopically purified compounds are utilized.
  • naturally occurring boron includes roughly 20% boron-10 (B 10 ) and 80% boron-11 (B 11 ).
  • Boron-10 however, has a thermal absorption cross-section that is orders of magnitude greater than that of boron-11. Thus, the use of isotopically purified boron-10 will minimize the thickness of the burnable-poison coating. If minimum thickness is desired, the boron-containing compound will preferably be enriched to at least an 80% level of boron-10.
  • Several methods are available for isotopic separation. For example, Eagle-Picher Industries, Inc., Quapaw, Okla. 74363, produces enriched the boron-10 by fractional distillation.
  • dimethylether complex is dissociated in a fractional
  • AVLIS atomic vapor laser isotope separation
  • Preferred alkali metal silicates include sodium silicate, potassium silicate, lithium silicate, and
  • Solutions of alkali metal silicates can have a
  • the choice of the silicate will be determined, in part, by the alkali metal ion which is preferred within the fuel rod.
  • the optimum coating can be produced from a mixture of more than one alkali metal silicates. In the event that mixed alkali metal silicates are utilized, it may be
  • trace amounts of metal silicates may be added to the fuel rods solely for
  • solvents that can be used for this purpose include polar solvents such as water and various lower molecular weight alcohols, with water being preferred because it is very cheap and readily available.
  • metal silicates can produce a suitable binder for the burnable poison particles, a simple uncured coating containing alkali metal silicate, burnable poison particles and solvent may not have the proper rheology to be
  • Additives may therefore be needed to provide the viscosity, stability, leveling and other characteristics of the uncured coating that are needed in order to optimize application of the uncured coating to the substrate of interest, e.g., the inside of a zirconium fuel rod.
  • the additives which may be employed in this function are colloidal silica, natural clays of various origin, cellulose derivatives. graphite, and so forth. While cellulose derivatives are commonly used for viscosity control in uncured coatings, their use in this application will probably require a high-temperature cure under near vacuum conditions or under an inert atmosphere such as helium or nitrogen, since they contain hydrogen, which should be kept to a minimum inside fuel rods.
  • graphite may also function in the cured coating as a lubricant for the uranium oxide fuel pellets which come into contact with the interior fuel rod wall, reducing the undesirable effects of
  • Variables that affect coating uniformity, coating integrity, coating adhesion, and so forth include the particular make-up of the uncured coating, the particle size, the method of processing the uncured coating and so forth.
  • burnable-poison particles preferably boron carbide
  • Graphite can optionally be provided in an amount effective to provide adequate abrasion resistance to the resulting dried coating.
  • Alkali metal silicate should be provided in an amount effective to durably bind the burnable poison particles and the optional graphite particles within the coating.
  • An optional rheology-enhancing component may be added to adjust the rheology of the uncured coating to promote application to the substrate of choice.
  • a polar solvent preferably water, is added in an amount effective to
  • alkali metal silicate preferably about 25 to about 80 parts, more preferably about 30 to 50 parts boron carbide (with a naturally occurring distribution of boron isotopes) are added; preferably up to about 10 parts, more preferably about 4 to 8 parts graphite are added? preferably up to 5 parts, more preferably about 0.5 to 2 parts rheology-enhancing components are added; and preferably about 20 to 70 parts, more preferably about 25 to 50 parts water are added.
  • an uncured coating that is as uniformly mixed and as free of particle aggregates as possible.
  • a mixing apparatus having moving impellers designed to enhance abrasion resistance (e.g., by use of diamond or boron carbide coated blades) or another suitable mixing apparatus (such as a ball mill having boron-carbine balls) is preferred.
  • the burnable poison particles and the optional graphite particles preferably range from about 0.25 to about 50 ⁇ m, and more preferably about 1 to about 10 ⁇ m.
  • the more preferred range reflects a balance between the need for smaller particles to provide coating uniformity and the need for larger particles to avoid particle aggregation
  • particle aggregation difficulties may also be addressed, for example, by gradually sifting the particles through a sieve of appropriate mesh size into the uncured coating during mixing or by using high-shear mixing apparatus.
  • the final cured coating should contain a density of burnable poison particles appropriate for the particular application at hand.
  • the specific uncured coating composition selected should be amenable to deposition on the inside surface of a 12 to 14 foot long Zircaloy tube having an approximate inner diameter of 0.4".
  • Preferred application methods include: (1) a "pig" or plug method wherein a self-centering plug having a diameter that is slightly smaller than that of the inside diameter of the tube is drawn through the tube, pushing excess coating ahead and leaving an even layer of coating behind; (2) a centrifugal method wherein a bead of coating is whirled into place within a spinning, lathe-mounted tube to form a uniform bubble-free coating; (3) a conventional spraying method; and (4) a drain method like that described in U.S. Patent No. 4,824,634 to Fuhrman et al.
  • the "pig” and centrifugal methods are more preferred because they are expected to provide superior coating uniformity and minimal equipment wear.
  • the deposited solution can be cured by drying at room
  • the coated cladding tube may be degassed at room temperature under a vacuum of 10 -4 to 10 -6 torr for two hours minimum.
  • the coating then be cured by heating the coated cladding tube to a maximum of about 432°C (810°F) at a heating rate of about 12oC (10oF) per minute while maintaining a vacuum better than about 10 -3 torr.
  • the coated cladding tube may then be held at a temperature of about 421°C (790°F) for up to about 24 hours while maintaining a vacuum of about 10 -4 to 10" 6 torr, followed by cooling to about ambient temperature under the 10 -4 to 10 -6 torr vacuum.
  • Other less rigorous, elevated temperature curing schemes are readily apparent. For example, according to U.S. Patent No. 4,365,003 to
  • curing of inorganic silicates may take place at temperatures on the order of 300°F to about 500°F and, in general, on the order of 150oF to 1,000oF.
  • any temperature within these elevated ranges may be selected based on the properties of the resulting coating, but the temperature should not exceed 800°F to avoid degradation of the zirconium alloy properties.
  • the coating is preferably initially outgassed at room temperature and then heated slowly to the final cure temperature.
  • treatment with a CaOH solution may be used to neutralize and remove the hydrogen in lieu of heat/vacuum treatment.
  • Binder Systems Three types of monovalent (potassium and lithium) metal silicates were used: PQ Kasil #1 -Potassium Silicate, 20.9% SiO 2 , 8.28% K 2 O, balance H 2 O; FMC (FMC Corporation, Lithium Division, 449 North Cox Road, Box 3925, Gastonia, North Carolina 28054) Lithsil 4 - Lithium Silicate, 20.7% SiO 2 , 2.2% Li 2 O, balance H 2 O; and FMC Lithsil 6 - Lithium Silicate, 18.8% SiO 2 , 1.6% Li 2 O, balance H 2 O.
  • PQ Kasil #1 -Potassium Silicate 20.9% SiO 2 , 8.28% K 2 O, balance H 2 O
  • FMC FMC Corporation, Lithium Division, 449 North Cox Road, Box 3925, Gastonia, North Carolina 28054
  • Lithsil 4 - Lithium Silicate 20.7% SiO 2 , 2.2% Li 2 O, balance H 2 O
  • Min-U-Gel 400 is a 400 mesh, attapulgite filler that, is needle shaped for solution thickening and coating reinforcement; Rheox (Rheox, Inc., P.O.
  • Bentone MA is a hectorite thickener which forms gels and suspends solids in aqueous systems;
  • Cummings Moore M850 Graphite is a 4-5 ⁇ thickening agent which reduces surface friction.
  • Graphite is a spectrographic grade graphite with an average particle size of 5-6 ⁇ . It has a maximum of 600 ppm sulfur.
  • Preliminary coating formulations were cast onto ⁇ 12 mil aluminum. Promising formulations were later cast on mil Zircaloyx -4.
  • Substrate preparation products 3M Scotch-Brite green abrasive pad; and Eco-Klene alkaline detergent product
  • the uncured coatings were prepared according to either an ultrasonic/hand stirred procedure or a Waring Blender procedure.
  • the boron carbide was dispersed using a Waring blender in order to eliminate the large clumps of boron carbide that were present in the ultrasonic dispersed uncured coatings.
  • the boron carbide, graphite, silicate and water were blended in the Waring Blender for approximately one minute.
  • the sides of the blender were periodically scraped down so that any particles remaining on the sides of the jar could be dispersed throughout the solution.
  • the rheological agent was added, and the mixture was blended for an additional 30 seconds.
  • the solution generally thickened during the blender dispersion technique. Overall, the Waring blender produced smooth clump-free uncured coatings.
  • the substrate It is imperative for the substrate to be free of grease or other contaminants in order for the waterborne uncured coatings to uniformly wet the substrate. Accordingly, all substrates coated were first prepared by the following procedure: The substrate was sanded lightly using a 3M Scotch-Brite green abrasive pad. The sanded substrate was washed in a 2% solution of Eco-Klene in deionized water. The washed substrate was then rinsed in deionized water and allowed to air dry.
  • Fingernail Test The coating was air dried for 48 hours prior to conducting this test. A fingernail was used to scratch the edge of the coating. If the coating could be scratched off so that the substrate was exposed, the coating failed the test.
  • Crock Meter Abrasion Test A textile "Crock Meter” was fitted with, an Al 2 O 3 pellet with an approximate 0.375" diameter. The crock meter was cycled 50 passes across the surface of the coating at an effective loading of 18 psi. The test was evaluated by visual inspection of the abraded area. The coating failed the test if it was abraded down to the substrate.
  • Tape Peel (Crosshatch Method) : A razor-knife was used to score the coating in a Crosshatch pattern. The loose coating was brushed from the surface, and a piece of tape was pressed over the crosshatched area. The tape was then pulled from the surface of the coating, and the amount of coating removed was noted. The coating was rated "good” if none of the coating was removed by the tape, "fair” if a little of the coating pulled away from the crosshatched area, and “poor” if the coating was removed over much of the crosshatched area. Graphite which has floated to the surface during coating and drying can interfere with this test.
  • Reverse Impact The reverse impact test was conducted using a Gardner Drop Dart Impact Tester. The sample was positioned, coating side down, in the tester, and the dart was dropped from heights of 2 inches and 6 inches. The coating was then rubbed lightly to remove any loose coating. An evaluation of the coating's performance was made by visual inspection of the amount of coating remaining at the location of impact. The test was rated "good” if
  • Example 4 Example 4, Example 10, Example 11 and Example 12.
  • Example 4 Example 4 of the better performing formulations.
  • the FMC Lithsil-4 lithium silicate (high lithium) appeared to result in a more mechanically durable coating than the FMC Lithsil-6 (Tables 1 and 2, Example 1 vs.
  • lithium and potassium silicate could be used to produce sufficient coatings (Example 4 [Li], Example 11 [K], and Example 12 [Li]).
  • the differences between the potassium and lithium binders were subtle, but were easier to identify with a qualitative comparison of the two
  • the lithium silicate-based coatings cured with an abundance of pinholes, while the potassium-based coatings appeared to be virtually pinhole free.
  • the lithium silicate appeared to be less tolerant of boron carbide clumping than the potassium silicate. In areas with, large boron carbide aggregates, the lithium silicate tended to micro-crack, whereas the potassium silicate did not.
  • silicate also appeared to be more susceptible to mud-cracking than the potassium silicate. Both the lithium and the potassium silicate binders appeared to suffer a loss in adhesion (fingernail test) after immersion for 24 hours in water.
  • Formulations having a ratio lower than the more preferred range are less desirable because thicker coatings are required to provide the
  • graphite was found to improve the abrasion resistance of the silicate coatings.
  • the dispersion of the pigment appears to be important to the function of the coating.
  • the Waring-blender-dispersed coatings appeared to perform better than their ultrasonic/hand-stirred counterparts. This was not
  • Ammonia was added to Examples 2, 4, 7 and 8 in order to improve the overall coating characteristics and the adhesion of the dry film.
  • the ammonia improved the doctorability of the uncured coating, thereby creating improved wet-out of the substrate and smoother dry coatings.
  • the ammonia appeared to improve the fingernail resistance of partially cured coatings, possibly improving the adhesion of the fully cured coating. Later in the investigation, however, it became apparent that ammonia actually was detrimental to the performance of the coating.
  • Example 2 had much poorer physical properties after one week at room temperature and/or 1 hour exposure to 160°F than its non-ammonia counterparts Example 1.
  • the thixotropy of the uncured coating may be important depending on the method used to apply uncured coating to the inside of the Zircaloy cladding tubes. Needle-shaped attapulgite and plate-shaped hectorite thickening agents were employed as rheology-enhancing components in effort to promote suspension of the boron carbide particles, in addition to coating reinforcement. In practice, the plate shaped hectorite was much more efficient than the needleshaped attapulgite in thickening the uncured coating. The hectorite was therefore preferred since it could be used at lower concentration to achieve the same net result. The benefit of either of these fillers appeared to be minimal in providing reinforcement to the coating, however. This was perhaps more a result of their low concentration rather than their lack of function, however. The thixotropy of the uncured coating did not appear to be related to the physical properties of the coating beyond its effect on the
  • the thixotropy of the solution will be based, for example, on the extent that the fillers settle out of the solution, and on what method is to be used to apply the coating to the Zircaloy surface. Although the more preferred ratio was about .5 to about 2 parts rheology-enhancing components per 100 parts alkali metal silicate binder, the exact degree of thixotropy will depend, for example, on these

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un revêtement de protection des composants en alliage de zirconium contenues dans des assemblages de combustibles de réacteurs nucléaires. Ce revêtement est constitué d'un liant en silicate de métal, de particules de poison consommable par exemple en carbure de bore, éventuellement de particules de graphite et d'un réhausseur des propriétés rhéologiques. Ledit revêtement est déposé à partir d'une suspension liquide qui comprend également un solvant polaire.
PCT/US1993/005931 1992-06-30 1993-06-23 Revetement de protection de barre de combustible Ceased WO1994000847A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AU46441/93A AU4644193A (en) 1992-06-30 1993-06-23 Internal fuel rod coating

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US07/906,380 1992-06-30
US07/906,380 US5319690A (en) 1992-06-30 1992-06-30 Internal fuel rod coating comprising metal silicates
US07/997,915 1992-12-29
US07/997,915 US5412701A (en) 1992-06-30 1992-12-29 Internal fuel rod coating comprising metal silicate

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1994000847A1 true WO1994000847A1 (fr) 1994-01-06
WO1994000847A9 WO1994000847A9 (fr) 1994-04-28

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PCT/US1993/005931 Ceased WO1994000847A1 (fr) 1992-06-30 1993-06-23 Revetement de protection de barre de combustible

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WO (1) WO1994000847A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATE236683T1 (de) * 1995-12-05 2003-04-15 Schneider Europ Gmbh Faden für die bestrahlung eines lebenden körpers und verfahren zum erzeugen eines fadens für die bestrahlung eines lebenden körpers

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1407861A (fr) * 1964-06-26 1965-08-06 Commissariat Energie Atomique Procédé de revêtement de pièces
GB1169098A (en) * 1966-08-12 1969-10-29 Euratom A Method for the Protection of Zirconium and its Alloys Against the Absorption of Hydrogen
FR2276662A1 (fr) * 1974-06-24 1976-01-23 Gen Electric Element de combustible nucleaire
US4035265A (en) * 1969-04-18 1977-07-12 The Research Association Of British, Paint, Colour & Varnish Manufacturers Paint compositions
US4062806A (en) * 1976-06-21 1977-12-13 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Catalytic coating composition
US4824634A (en) * 1987-08-05 1989-04-25 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Element with burnable poison coating
EP0347638A2 (fr) * 1988-06-24 1989-12-27 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Gaine de crayon combustible nucléaire revêtue d'un alliage
EP0468293A1 (fr) * 1990-07-13 1992-01-29 BASF Corporation Composition aqueuse de couche de fond métallisée à base de résines latex acryliques utilisant une résine réductible par l'eau comme milieu pour l'aluminium et un argile hectorite pour la régulation de la rhéologie
EP0532843A1 (fr) * 1991-09-20 1993-03-24 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Revêtement interne d'un tube de combustible nucléaire par du verre boraté

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1407861A (fr) * 1964-06-26 1965-08-06 Commissariat Energie Atomique Procédé de revêtement de pièces
GB1169098A (en) * 1966-08-12 1969-10-29 Euratom A Method for the Protection of Zirconium and its Alloys Against the Absorption of Hydrogen
US4035265A (en) * 1969-04-18 1977-07-12 The Research Association Of British, Paint, Colour & Varnish Manufacturers Paint compositions
FR2276662A1 (fr) * 1974-06-24 1976-01-23 Gen Electric Element de combustible nucleaire
US4062806A (en) * 1976-06-21 1977-12-13 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Catalytic coating composition
US4824634A (en) * 1987-08-05 1989-04-25 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Element with burnable poison coating
EP0347638A2 (fr) * 1988-06-24 1989-12-27 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Gaine de crayon combustible nucléaire revêtue d'un alliage
EP0468293A1 (fr) * 1990-07-13 1992-01-29 BASF Corporation Composition aqueuse de couche de fond métallisée à base de résines latex acryliques utilisant une résine réductible par l'eau comme milieu pour l'aluminium et un argile hectorite pour la régulation de la rhéologie
EP0532843A1 (fr) * 1991-09-20 1993-03-24 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Revêtement interne d'un tube de combustible nucléaire par du verre boraté

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 1, no. 59 (C-018)8 June 1977 *

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AU4644193A (en) 1994-01-24

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