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WO1993023709A1 - Appareil pour introduire un composant reactif dans un recipient sous pression, tel qu'une chambre de reaction ou un four - Google Patents

Appareil pour introduire un composant reactif dans un recipient sous pression, tel qu'une chambre de reaction ou un four Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1993023709A1
WO1993023709A1 PCT/DK1993/000175 DK9300175W WO9323709A1 WO 1993023709 A1 WO1993023709 A1 WO 1993023709A1 DK 9300175 W DK9300175 W DK 9300175W WO 9323709 A1 WO9323709 A1 WO 9323709A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mouthpiece
string
feeding
nozzle
compacted
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/DK1993/000175
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English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Koch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO1993023709A1 publication Critical patent/WO1993023709A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J3/00—Processes of utilising sub-atmospheric or super-atmospheric pressure to effect chemical or physical change of matter; Apparatus therefor
    • B01J3/02—Feed or outlet devices therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/22—Extrusion presses; Dies therefor
    • B30B11/224—Extrusion chambers
    • B30B11/225—Extrusion chambers with adjustable outlet opening
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
    • B30B9/12—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing
    • B30B9/18—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using pressing worms or screws co-operating with a permeable casing with means for adjusting the outlet for the solid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an apparatus for feeding a compacted reactive component, for example a fuel, into a pressure vessel, in particular a furnace or reactor chamber under formation of a sealing plug of compacted mate ⁇ rial of the reactive component in a mouthpiece, said appara- tus comprising a feeding device which under exertion of an axial pressure transports and compacts the material during the feeding into the mouthpiece, at the outlet of which a variable braking device is provided, said braking device im ⁇ peding the movement of the compacted material out of the mouthpiece.
  • a compacted reactive component for example a fuel
  • This apparatus has the common disadvantage of conical screws of not being secured against back-firing through the screw, when the apparatus is stopped.
  • the nozzle placed at the outlet opening has as a prerequisite that the mate ⁇ rial to be compacted at the inlet of the mouthpiece is to be homogenous and not contain larger blocks or units, but sole ⁇ ly consist of small grains or pieces, like sawdust, chips, finely chopped straw or the like.
  • the nozzle will not be able to maintain a suitable constant counterpressure opposite the mouthpiece, and in particular if the ejected material is divided into more or less cohe ⁇ rent fragments of varying size, the nozzle will not be able to reestablish a counterpressure quickly enough for main- taining a compact and tight plug in the mouthpiece.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus of the type stated by way of introduction, in which it is possible to maintain a sealing plug of the reac ⁇ tive component in the mouthpiece by using a high degree of compactness to attain tightness, and which apparatus is very little sensitive towards variations of the elements of the material, in particular in respect of corn size, fibres or content of solids.
  • the mouthpiece is constructed in such a way that it de ⁇ livers the compacted material in the shape of a compact ma- terial string, the braking device being adapted to act with friction against the outer surface of the compact string, and that it comprises a number of friction shoes with acti ⁇ vating means adapted to exert a varying activating force de- pendent on the axial pressure.
  • the material plug sealing the mouthpiece of the apparatus is fed therefrom in the shape of an essentially coherent string of material, which can be influenced by frictional forces on the surface in such a way that the braking effect towards the string is in all essentials independent from the interior structure of the string, and in connection with the building up of the counterpressure necessary for the compacting, no division, breaking up or other comminuting of the string takes place, whereby sudden changes of the force applied by the braking may occur.
  • the string is alone influenced by a pressure which only to a slight extent causes a change of shape of the string, whereby essential changes in the brak- ing power applied may be quickly carried through, because the changes do not entail any significant movement of the braking shoes.
  • the braking power is moreover determined in dependency of the axial pressure which the apparatus exerts on the string, whereby the braking power at any time may be adjusted in such a way that a compacting of the material en ⁇ suring the sufficient sealing takes place exactly in the nozzle.
  • the braking depending on the axial pressure also makes it possible to automatically counteract a blocking of the nozzle, the risk of operational standstills being there- by minimized.
  • the adjustable braking device comprises at least two fric ⁇ tion shoes in the shape of flaps movable against each other, at least one being pivotal around a shaft running perpendi- cular to the axis of the nozzle and adapted by means of a hydraulic cylinder to be pressed in the direction towards the extension of the nozzle axis.
  • the feeding device will most often be a piston feeder, in which a piston is movable in a press- duct under exertion of the pressing force from a retracted position, in which the piston leaves an opening free, oppo- site which means for feeding the material into the press- duct are provided, and an advanced position, in which the material is introduced into the mouthpiece.
  • a force is applied to the hydraulic cylinder, said force being dependent on a maximum value for the force exerted by the feeding device during a piston stroke for the movable piston or an average value for the maximum values for a number of subsequent strokes.
  • the hydraulic pressure in the hydraulic cylinder may be controlled by means of a con ⁇ trolling device adapted to reduce the pressure in the hy ⁇ draulic cylinder of the flaps at an increase of the pressing power exerted by the feeding device.
  • the flaps are constructed in such a way that when closed they are ad ⁇ jacent to each other along their edges and close the mouth ⁇ piece substantially tight. It is known to compress comminuted fuel into briquet ⁇ tes of a considerably hardness and compactness.
  • the appara ⁇ tus used for briquetting of combustible biologic material corresponds in all essentials to the apparatus discussed by way of introduction.
  • a disadvantage of briquetting is, how- ever, that the energy consumption for compacting the bio ⁇ logic material is high. It has been ascertained that the energy necessary for briquetting of straw amounts to 2.4% of the thermal value.
  • the mouthpiece is a conical nozzle adapted to impart to the material a reduction of the area of 10-40% and to allow a subsequent relaxation of the material.
  • the length of the nozzle is smaller than thrice its diameter, preferably less than twice the diameter. It is in order to prevent blocking preferable that the nozzle only has the length necessary for attaining the sealing and that the braking of the string necessary for attaining the com ⁇ pacting takes place in the adjustable brake.
  • the friction shoes have a length which is twice the diameter of the string, preferably at least thrice the diameter.
  • the friction shoes have a shape corresponding to the cross- section of the string and that they are pressed against the string in such a way that the cross-sectional shape of the string does not change substantially, and that the friction shoes are pressed symmetrically against the string in such a way that the string with unchanged direction is guided through the braking device. It is of vital importance to eliminate the conditions, at which variations in the struc ⁇ ture of the expelled string may influence the braking, and it is therefore important that the string is kept intact du- ring its passage through the braking device.
  • Fig. 1 in general shows an arrangement for feeding fuel into a pressurized reactor chamber
  • Fig. 2 is a section through a detail in the feeding mouthpiece and the adjustable braking device.
  • the arrangement shown in Fig. 1 for feeding fuel into a pressurized reactor chamber comprises a silo 1, in which the reactive component to be fed is placed.
  • the reactive component will in certain embodiments of the apparatus be combustible plant materials, which are to be fed into a pressurized combustion chamber or reactor, where they are to be transformed into gas.
  • the term "fuel” will in the follow ⁇ ing be used in general, but may also comprise other mate- rials than actual fuels.
  • a com ⁇ pacting screw 2 is placed, said screw partly breaking the fuel into pieces, partly conveying it to a first compression piston 3 movable in a first cylinder 4.
  • the piston 3 is mov ⁇ able between a retracted position, in which the outlet end of the housing 5 of the compacting screw is left free, and an advanced position, in which the end surface of the piston abuts another compression cylinder 6, in which another pi ⁇ ston 7 is movable in the same way as the piston 3 in the first cylinder 4.
  • the second cylinder has a smaller cross- section than the first one, the fuel being before being fed into the second cylinder compacted and partly crushed. In the second cylinder an additional compacting takes place, before the fuel is feed into the actual press-duct 8. This duct has contrary to the preceding cylinders a preferably circular cross-section.
  • a piston 9 is movable from the shown retracted position to a position, in which it abuts a mouthpiece 10 placed at the rear end of the duct.
  • the mouthpiece 10 is placed in the pressurized chamber or as indicated in Fig. 1 in a pre-combustion chamber 11 of the reactor itself (not shown) .
  • a number of flaps 12 is mounted, the function of which will be explained in connection with Fig. 2.
  • the fuel compacted by means of the pistons 3, 7, and 9 is conveyed out through the mouthpiece 10 in the shape of a substantially continuous string which is fed into the furnace or reactor chamber through a short duct 13.
  • the object of the arrangement shown in Fig. 1 is in addition to conveying fuel into the pressurized chamber 11 essentially to create tightness against leakage of the gases present in the chamber 11 through the feeding system.
  • the tightness is to be attained by a heavy compacting of the fuel in the area at the mouthpiece 10.
  • the tightness is furthermore supported by means of the pistons placed in series and acting like pumps, which to a certain extent pump leaking gas, if any, back to the chamber 11.
  • the problem in connection with the creation of a plug with the desired sealing properties is primarily to ensure that a compact plug is actually attained, said plug being sufficiently tight for meeting the object, and secondly to prevent the fuel from becoming so compact that it either simply blocks the mouthpiece or that so much energy is ab- sorbed by the material, that the energy consumption becomes unacceptably high.
  • the mouthpiece 10 is made as a short tube, pos ⁇ sibly a conical nozzle, and that after the mouthpiece an ad- justable braking device is provided, said braking device acting on the outer surface of the string fed through the mouthpiece.
  • the object of the braking device is to create such an abutment that a compacting is actually initiated in the comparatively short mouthpiece and consequently to en ⁇ sure that the compacting is kept at a predetermined level.
  • Fig. 2 is a sectional view through the mouthpiece 10 and the braking device 12.
  • a short conical nozzle is built in, which nozzle causes a re ⁇ duction of the area of 10-40% and has a nozzle angle of 3- 10°.
  • Calculations and tests with straw feeding show that with a feed pressure of 200 bar, a nozzle angle of 5° and an area reduction of 20%, a maximum pressure of 1900 bar per- pendicular to the nozzle axis is attained.
  • the mouthpiece of which has a length normally corresponding to twenty times the bore diameter and where it is desired to compact the ma- terail to a homogenous pressure of the same size, a reduct- ion of the energy consumption of approx. 90% is attained.
  • this compensation is taking place by means of a braking device 12 with a number of friction shoes, for instance in the form of a number of flaps 14 pressing against the outer surface of the string ejected through the nozzle.
  • a braking device 12 with a number of friction shoes, for instance in the form of a number of flaps 14 pressing against the outer surface of the string ejected through the nozzle.
  • Each flap is preferably hinged at the end of the nozzle, the flaps be ⁇ ing pivotal around a shaft 15 running perpendicularly to the nozzle axis.
  • the flaps 14 are pressed against the string by means of a hydraulic cylinder 16.
  • the hydraulic cylinder can be mounted in series with a coil spring 17, which is normal ⁇ ly completely compressed, but which, when no material is supplied, presses the flaps together to close the mouth- piece.
  • a pressure is applied to the hydraulic cylinders, said pressure being adjustable in such a way that when the compressed piston 9 meets less resistance, the pressure is increased and oppositely the hydraulic pressure in the cy- linders 16 is reduced, when the piston 9 is met by increased resistance.
  • the adjustment is preferably taking place in such a way that the adjusting takes place in dependency of the measured maximum pressure, which is applied by the press piston 9.
  • the braking force may be established by the spring, and the ad ⁇ justment, reducing the braking force is attained by the cy ⁇ linders counteracting the spring effect. Thereby, the hy ⁇ draulic control system is reduced, as no reverse adjustment is to take place.
  • the registered maximum pressure from the piston in the press duct may be directly transfer ⁇ red to the hydraulic cylinders through a pressure pipe con ⁇ taining a suitable throttling.
  • the coil spring may be re ⁇ placed by hydraulic springs better suited for exerting the considerable pressures necessary to ensure the required braking force.
  • the nozzle is short, preferably smaller than twice the diameter. If the nozzle is made in 10
  • the friction force in the nozzle will normally vary between 10 and 40% of the force applied by the press piston depending on the type of the compacted fuel, moisture content, structure etc.
  • the remaining fric- tional force which is to ensure that the material is suffi ⁇ ciently compacted for providing the required tightness against gas leaks, is to be established by means of the braking effect from the flaps 14.
  • the flaps 14, which ap- plies a frictional force to the ejected string, said force being directly proportional to the abutment pressure against the ejected string, may in a simple and controlable way pro ⁇ vide the necessary supplement to the frictional force, thus making the pressure conditions in the nozzle approximately constant.
  • the arrangement actually makes it possible to com ⁇ pensate for even bigger variations.
  • the friction shoes and the flaps are long, for instance twice the diameter of the string. It is, moreover, of importance that they have such a shape on the friction surface that the string, against which they abut, is not deformed or scratch ⁇ ed during pasage. Likewise, no bending or displacement of the string should take place during the passage through the apparatus.
  • the flaps are preferably made in such a way that when folded they cover substantially the whole mouthpiece. There ⁇ by a great safety is achieved that a plug of material is im ⁇ mediately formed in the mouthpiece providing the desired tightness immediately after the start of the apparatus.
  • the feeding apparatus is primarily developed for combustion plants for straw and the like combustible plant materials, but the apparatus is con ⁇ structed in such a way that it is tolerant towards structure differences in the fuel to be fed into the reactor.
  • the com ⁇ pacting screw may for instance be constructed in the same was as in refuce collecting trucks, where many different kinds of refuse is to be digested, and the remaining compo- 11
  • nents may straightaway be constructed so as to be particu ⁇ larly sturdy.
  • the feeding appartus may therefore very well be used in connection with for instance so-called big refuse collection or the like, which consists of whole pieces of furniture and other items of solid wood.
  • the feeding apparatus according to the in ⁇ vention is also suited for the feeding of other compactable materials into pressurized reactors.
  • the apparatus may for instance replace the feeding screws used for feeding paper pulp in pressurized reactors with sulphuric acid at a pressure of 6 bar.
  • the apparatus according to the invention has a smaller energy consumption and correspondingly the wear of the components in the apparatus touching the paper pulp is decreased.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à un appareil pour amener un composant réactif compacté, tel qu'un combustible, dans un récipient sous pression, notamment un four ou une chambre de réaction, avec formation dans une ouverture de l'appareil d'un bouchon scellant de matériau compacté constitué par le composant réactif. Cet appareil comprend un dispositif d'amenée, qui après application d'une pression axiale assure le transport et le compactage du matériau pendant son introduction dans l'ouverture, à la sortie de laquelle est prévu un dispositif à force de freinage variable, lequel empêche le matériau compacté de sortir de l'ouverture. En vue d'obtenir un appareil qui peut maintenir une pression scellante efficace au moyen d'un bouchon de matériau compacté dans l'ouverture, peut importe le fait que le matériau soit très inhomogène et qu'il contienne même une grande quantité de matières solides, on conçoit l'ouverture pour qu'elle puisse décharger le matériau compacté sous la forme d'une chaîne de matériau compacte, le dispositif de freinage étant adapté pour exercer une friction contre la surface externe de la chaîne de matériau compacte, et on conçoit ladite ouverture avec un certain nombre de patins de friction ayant des organes activateurs servant à exercer une force d'activation variable en fonction de la pression axiale.
PCT/DK1993/000175 1992-05-20 1993-05-21 Appareil pour introduire un composant reactif dans un recipient sous pression, tel qu'une chambre de reaction ou un four Ceased WO1993023709A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK664/92 1992-05-20
DK66492A DK66492D0 (da) 1992-05-20 1992-05-20 Apparat til indfoering af en reaktionskomponent i et under tryk staaende kammer, isaer et braend- eller reaktorkammer

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1993023709A1 true WO1993023709A1 (fr) 1993-11-25

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PCT/DK1993/000175 Ceased WO1993023709A1 (fr) 1992-05-20 1993-05-21 Appareil pour introduire un composant reactif dans un recipient sous pression, tel qu'une chambre de reaction ou un four

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Country Link
AU (1) AU4309293A (fr)
DK (1) DK66492D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1993023709A1 (fr)

Cited By (20)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1065441A1 (fr) * 1999-07-02 2001-01-03 Fls Miljo A/S Volet pour brûleur de paille
EP1385694A4 (fr) * 2001-05-01 2008-12-03 Kurt Mfg Co Inc Appareil de compactage de matieres
EP1631446A4 (fr) * 2003-01-29 2008-12-03 Kurt Mfg Co Inc Appareil de compactage de materiaux
WO2009063432A3 (fr) * 2007-11-16 2009-08-06 Tk En As Dispositif d'alimentation pour produire un ou plusieurs éléments de matière compressible destinés à être chargés dans un gazogène ou un réacteur
FR2948060A1 (fr) * 2009-07-16 2011-01-21 Andre Gonod Dispositif de mise en route pour presse manuelle de densification
WO2011044911A3 (fr) * 2009-10-14 2012-01-05 Tk Energi A/S Élément piston, dispositif comprenant l'élément piston, procédés associés et utilisation de l'élément piston et du dispositif
GB2492790A (en) * 2011-07-12 2013-01-16 New Earth Advanced Thermal Technologies Ltd Feed compactor variable orifice outlet
CN106926500A (zh) * 2017-04-05 2017-07-07 潍坊金丝达新能源科技有限公司 可调节压缩比的挤水机出料口结构
CN106945330A (zh) * 2017-04-05 2017-07-14 潍坊金丝达新能源科技有限公司 防堵塞挤水机
US9920712B1 (en) 2016-08-30 2018-03-20 Thermochem Recovery International, Inc. Method for forming a plurality of plugs of carbonaceous material
US10099200B1 (en) 2017-10-24 2018-10-16 Thermochem Recovery International, Inc. Liquid fuel production system having parallel product gas generation
CN108749100A (zh) * 2018-06-06 2018-11-06 河南中烟工业有限责任公司 一种压棒机挤出成型棒头
US10215401B2 (en) 2017-07-10 2019-02-26 Thermochem Recovery International, Inc. Pulse combustion heat exchanger system and method
US10214418B2 (en) 2011-09-27 2019-02-26 Thermochem Recovery International, Inc. Method for converting biomass into fischer-tropsch products with carbon dioxide recycling
US10222060B2 (en) 2016-02-16 2019-03-05 Thermochem Recovery International, Inc. Two-stage energy-integrated product gas generation system and method
US10287519B2 (en) 2016-03-25 2019-05-14 Thermochem Recovery International, Inc. Three-stage energy-integrated product gas generation system
US10815440B2 (en) 2010-11-05 2020-10-27 Thermochem Recovery International, Inc. Systems and methods for producing syngas from a solid carbon-containing substance using a reactor having hollow engineered particles
US11370982B2 (en) 2016-08-30 2022-06-28 Thermochem Recovery International, Inc. Method of producing liquid fuel from carbonaceous feedstock through gasification and recycling of downstream products
US11466223B2 (en) 2020-09-04 2022-10-11 Thermochem Recovery International, Inc. Two-stage syngas production with separate char and product gas inputs into the second stage
US11555157B2 (en) 2020-03-10 2023-01-17 Thermochem Recovery International, Inc. System and method for liquid fuel production from carbonaceous materials using recycled conditioned syngas

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DE445426C (de) * 1926-01-26 1927-06-11 Kristian Holter Absperrvorrichtung fuer den Ablauf bei Schneckenpressen
US3121387A (en) * 1961-06-07 1964-02-18 Avco Corp Extruder with compacting force control mechanism
FR1517752A (fr) * 1966-08-26 1968-03-22 Garnier & Cie J Perfectionnements aux pressoirs
FR2302192A1 (fr) * 1975-02-28 1976-09-24 Salvador Orfeo Equipement continu a plusieurs phases pour le pressurage d
US4133259A (en) * 1976-05-26 1979-01-09 Union Carbide Corporation Refuse pelletizer

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE445426C (de) * 1926-01-26 1927-06-11 Kristian Holter Absperrvorrichtung fuer den Ablauf bei Schneckenpressen
US3121387A (en) * 1961-06-07 1964-02-18 Avco Corp Extruder with compacting force control mechanism
FR1517752A (fr) * 1966-08-26 1968-03-22 Garnier & Cie J Perfectionnements aux pressoirs
FR2302192A1 (fr) * 1975-02-28 1976-09-24 Salvador Orfeo Equipement continu a plusieurs phases pour le pressurage d
US4133259A (en) * 1976-05-26 1979-01-09 Union Carbide Corporation Refuse pelletizer

Cited By (43)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1065441A1 (fr) * 1999-07-02 2001-01-03 Fls Miljo A/S Volet pour brûleur de paille
EP1385694A4 (fr) * 2001-05-01 2008-12-03 Kurt Mfg Co Inc Appareil de compactage de matieres
EP1631446A4 (fr) * 2003-01-29 2008-12-03 Kurt Mfg Co Inc Appareil de compactage de materiaux
WO2009063432A3 (fr) * 2007-11-16 2009-08-06 Tk En As Dispositif d'alimentation pour produire un ou plusieurs éléments de matière compressible destinés à être chargés dans un gazogène ou un réacteur
US7964004B2 (en) 2007-11-16 2011-06-21 Tk Energi A/S Feeding apparatus for creation of one or more plugs of compressible material for feeding into a gasifier or reactor
FR2948060A1 (fr) * 2009-07-16 2011-01-21 Andre Gonod Dispositif de mise en route pour presse manuelle de densification
US8721299B2 (en) 2009-10-14 2014-05-13 Thermochem Recovery International, Inc. Piston member, an apparatus comprising the piston member, and methods and use of the piston member and the apparatus
AU2010306212B2 (en) * 2009-10-14 2015-05-14 Thermochem Recovery International, Inc. A piston member, an apparatus comprising the piston member, and methods and use of the piston member and the apparatus
JP2013507563A (ja) * 2009-10-14 2013-03-04 ティーケー エネルギ エー／エス ピストン部材、ピストン部材を備える装置、ならびに、ピストン部材および装置の使用および方法
WO2011044911A3 (fr) * 2009-10-14 2012-01-05 Tk Energi A/S Élément piston, dispositif comprenant l'élément piston, procédés associés et utilisation de l'élément piston et du dispositif
CN102648376A (zh) * 2009-10-14 2012-08-22 Tk能量有限责任公司 活塞构件、包括活塞构件的设备和活塞构件与设备的方法与用途
CN102648376B (zh) * 2009-10-14 2016-03-30 热化回收国际公司 活塞构件、包括活塞构件的设备和活塞构件与设备的方法与用途
US10815440B2 (en) 2010-11-05 2020-10-27 Thermochem Recovery International, Inc. Systems and methods for producing syngas from a solid carbon-containing substance using a reactor having hollow engineered particles
GB2492790B (en) * 2011-07-12 2013-08-07 New Earth Advanced Thermal Technologies Ltd Feed compactor variable orifice outlet
WO2013008000A3 (fr) * 2011-07-12 2013-04-04 New Earth Advanced Thermal Technologies Limited Sortie à orifice variable pour compacteur de charge d'alimentation
GB2492790A (en) * 2011-07-12 2013-01-16 New Earth Advanced Thermal Technologies Ltd Feed compactor variable orifice outlet
US10800655B2 (en) 2011-09-27 2020-10-13 Thermochem Recovery International, Inc. Conditioned syngas composition, method of making same and method of processing same to produce fuels and/or fischer-tropsch products
US12077435B2 (en) 2011-09-27 2024-09-03 Thermochem Recovery International, Inc. Method of generating clean syngas
US11760631B2 (en) 2011-09-27 2023-09-19 Thermochem Recovery International, Inc. Method of producing a cooled syngas of improved quality
US11186483B2 (en) 2011-09-27 2021-11-30 Thermochem Recovery International, Inc. Method of producing sulfur-depleted syngas
US10214418B2 (en) 2011-09-27 2019-02-26 Thermochem Recovery International, Inc. Method for converting biomass into fischer-tropsch products with carbon dioxide recycling
US10280081B2 (en) 2011-09-27 2019-05-07 Thermochem Recovery International, Inc. Unconditioned syngas composition and method of cleaning up same for fischer-tropsch processing
US11242988B2 (en) 2016-02-16 2022-02-08 Thermochem Recovery International, Inc. Two-stage energy-integrated product gas generation system and method
US10222060B2 (en) 2016-02-16 2019-03-05 Thermochem Recovery International, Inc. Two-stage energy-integrated product gas generation system and method
US10946423B2 (en) 2016-03-25 2021-03-16 Thermochem Recovery International, Inc. Particulate classification vessel having gas distributor valve for recovering contaminants from bed material
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