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WO1993021754A1 - Outil d'ensemencement et procede - Google Patents

Outil d'ensemencement et procede Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1993021754A1
WO1993021754A1 PCT/AU1993/000187 AU9300187W WO9321754A1 WO 1993021754 A1 WO1993021754 A1 WO 1993021754A1 AU 9300187 W AU9300187 W AU 9300187W WO 9321754 A1 WO9321754 A1 WO 9321754A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
tyne
seed
fertiliser
ground
furrows
Prior art date
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Ceased
Application number
PCT/AU1993/000187
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English (en)
Inventor
Ellis John Aurisch
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO1993021754A1 publication Critical patent/WO1993021754A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C5/00—Making or covering furrows or holes for sowing, planting or manuring
    • A01C5/06—Machines for making or covering drills or furrows for sowing or planting

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a seeding implement assembly and method which has particular, but not exclusive, utility in seeding paddocks for crop production having shallow clay soils or non-wetting soils which have a "hard pan” layer of soil below the surface.
  • Hard pan soils occur in many of the crop producing areas of Australia where fine, non-wetting sand gets compacted over time to form a hard layer of compacted soil approximately three inches below the surface of the soil and which generally is two to three inches thick. This layer can become so hard that it does not allow roots of the crop to penetrate through to the soil beneath and thus tends to inhibit deep rooted crop growth. A similar problem arises with shallow clay soils which also occur in many crop producing areas throughout the world.
  • present planting and seeding techniques for crop growing still involve the basic principle of forming a relatively deep furrow in which fertiliser is deposited, covering this partially with soil and then depositing a line of seed in a single row directly above the fertiliser. Accordingly, a ratio of seed to fertiliser in the order of 1:1 is used.
  • a disadvantage of this, however, is that the fertiliser can often provide quite a satisfactory source of nutrition to more than one seed at a time, particularly with the wide spread use of super-phosphate which provides a very concentrated source of nutrition for plants. Therefore present single row sowing methods do not provide for efficient usage of fertiliser.
  • An object of even further aspects of the invention involve providing an improved seeding method and planting system, which achieves more efficient utilisation of fertiliser and the ability to achieve greater plant stooling.
  • certain aspects of the present invention contemplate cutting the ground initially to form an incision by means of either a cutting wheel or tyne and utilising a deep ripping implement which follows the track of the incision to deeply penetrate the ground causing minimal surface disturbance and consequently providing for deep band seeding and fertilising to be effected.
  • a problem encountered with this technique is that it has been difficult to maintain an optimum and constant depth for deep ripping and banding of the seed and fertiliser due to obstacles encountered by the cutting wheel or tyne and/or deep ripping implement.
  • a method for seeding a crop comprising:-
  • the relative angular position of the deep ripping is altered in response to said temporary fluctuations in depth so as to mitigate the lifting effect of deep ripping closer to the surface of the ground.
  • said method includes the step of continuously depositing fertiliser proximate to the bottom of said incision immediately following the deep ripping of the ground therealong and forming said furrow at a level above the incision bottom, so as to deep band said seed.
  • the method includes forming said furrow separately of said deep ripping.
  • -said method includes forming a pair of said furrows, one at either side of said incision, each of said furrows being respectively covered after the depositing of the seed therein.
  • the one line of deposited fertiliser serves to fertilise the two lines of deposited seed, thereby reducing the amount of fertiliser required relative to the amount of seed.
  • the plurality of rows of seed enables the effective concentration of seed to be reduced, resulting in increased spacing between the seed which produces much improved stooling.
  • said method includes forming a central ridge of soil between the covered furrows.
  • water is subsequently channelled into the covered furrows by the effect of the ridge, aiding germination of the seed which is especially advantageous for non-wetting soils.
  • said deep ripping, depositing of seed and covering is rapidly ceased upon encountering a major obstacle during said cutting after the entire longitudinal extent of said incision is deeply ripped, said furrow is formed, deposited with seed and covered.
  • a seeding implement assembly for mounting to a travelling frame so as to engage the ground traversed by the travelling frame, said assembly comprising:—
  • a tyne for being directly connected to said linkage and having a deep ripping point disposed at the base of the tyne;
  • ground cutting means disposed anteriorly of said tyne for cutting an incision through the ground for said tyne to follow;
  • a seed discharge means for mounting to the rear of said tyne
  • said linkage being adapted to normally suspend said ground cutting means, said tyne and said seed discharge means in a prescribed operative working position with respect to the travelling frame and the ground, so that there exists a working spatial relationship between said cutting means, tyne and seed discharge means;
  • biasing means for biasing said tyne into said prescribed operative working position; wherein said linkage includes compensating means for use in clearing an obstacle obstructing the travel of said cutting wheel, said compensating means being adapted to elevate said cutting means, said tyne and said seed discharge means so as to clear the obstacle whilst simultaneously substantially maintaining the relative said prescribed operative working position between said cutting means, said tyne and said seed discharge means until at least said tyne is impeded from maintaining said working position by the obstacle.
  • the relative angular position of said point is altered in response to elevation of said tyne so as to mitigate the lifting effect of deep ripping caused by said point as the position of said point nears the surface of the ground.
  • said compensating means is formed by said linkage being constructed in the form of an offset parallel linkage assembly, comprising a pair of depending arms offset from the parallel with respect to each other, whereby the first arm is pivotally connected at one end to the frame and at the other end to the front of said tyne, and the second arm is pivotally connected at one end thereof to the frame rearwardly in spaced relation to the pivotal axis of said one end of said first arm, and at the other end of said second arm to said tyne rearwardly and in spaced relation to the pivotal axis of said other end of said first arm, such that the pivotal axis of said other end of said second arm is more elevated and closer spaced to said pivotal axis of the other end of said first arm than is the corresponding relationship between the pivotal axes of the one ends of said first and second arms.
  • an offset parallel linkage assembly comprising a pair of depending arms offset from the parallel with respect to each other, whereby the first arm is pivotally connected at one end to the frame and
  • said cutting means comprises a nose portion projecting anteriorly from the front of said tyne for cutting through the ground.
  • said nose is planar and is provided with a leading rectilinear cutting edge sloped rearwardly from the bottom thereof.
  • the tyne is able to slice through the ground and lift any surface material free from the ground* enabling the material to flow around the front, disposing with the need for a cutting wheel.
  • the seeding implement assembly includes a fertiliser discharge means interposed between said tyne and said seed discharge means so that fertiliser can be deposited into the incision formed by said tyne immediately behind the point of said tyne.
  • the seeding implement assembly includes a trailing furrowing means for opening up the ground behind said tyne to form a furrow in which seed may be deposited at a level above the incision bottom, and covering means disposed behind said furrowing means to cover said seed deposited into the furrow.
  • a pair of said furrowing means are disposed either side and rearwardly of said tyne for forming a furrow on each side of said tyne, and a corresponding pair of said covering means are provided for covering said furrows.
  • said pair of covering means are arranged to deflect covering soil for said furrows so as to form a central ridge of soil between the furrows additional to covering said furrows.
  • said biasing means comprises a pair of springs respectively connected at one of their ends to the frame and at the other of their ends to the respective arms of said linkage between the opposing ends of said arms.
  • a method for seeding a crop comprising:
  • the method includes forming a central ridge along the surface of the ground between the second lines.
  • a planting system comprising:
  • a line of fertiliser disposed at a first prescribed level beneath the surface of the ground; a pair of lines of seed disposed at a second prescribed level above the first prescribed level, so that one of the lines of seed is disposed laterally to one side of the line of fertiliser and the other of the lines of seed is disposed laterally to the other side of the line of fertiliser.
  • a central ridge of soil is disposed between said furrows to channel water into the furrows.
  • Figure 1 is a side elevation of a seeding implement assembly disposed in its normally operative working position with respect to the travelling frame and the ground in accordance with the first embodiment;
  • Figure 2 is a similar view to figure 1 showing a partially retracted position of the assembly whereby the cutting wheel is marginally elevated to overcome a minor obstacle whilst the' tyne and seed discharge means substantially maintain their prescribed operative working position;
  • Figure 3 is a side elevation of the assembly from the opposite side to that shown at figure 1 of the drawings, and showing the assembly in its maximum retracted position with both the cutting wheel and tyne elevated from the ground as would arise when encountering an immovable obstacle;
  • Figure 4 is an end view of figure 1 with the stubble guard removed;
  • Figure 5 is a side elevation of a seeding implement disposed in its normally operative working position with respect to the travelling frame and the ground in accordance with the second embodiment;
  • Figure 6 is a similar view to figure 1 showing the assembly in its maximum retracted position with both the tyne and the seed discharge means elevated from the ground as would arise when encountering a relatively immovable obstacle;
  • Figure 7 is a front end view of the seeding implement assembly as shown in figure 5 of the drawings with the springs removed;
  • Figure 8 is a rear end view of the seeding implement assembly as shown in figure 5 of the drawings.
  • Figure 9 is a side elevation of the seeding implement assembly with the linkage and travelling frame removed, but showing the seed discharge means in more detail with the seeding and fertiliser boots attached thereto;
  • Figure 10 is a perspective view of the tyne and seed discharge means of the seeding implement assembly in accordance with the second embodiment
  • Figure 11 is a perspective view of the support plate for the seed discharge means
  • Figure 12 is a rear top view of the support plate shown in figure 11 of the drawings.
  • Figure 13 is an underside view of the support plate shown in figure 11 of the drawings.
  • Figure 14 is a rear end underside view of the support plate shown in figure 11 of the drawings.
  • Figure 15 is a cross-sectional ground profile taken across a portion of ground which has been sown using the method and the seeding implement assembly described in the second embodiment, which shows the relative positioning of the covered furrows, the central ridge and the sown seed and fertiliser.
  • the first embodiment is directed towards a seeding implement assembly 11 which is one of a bank of such assemblies adapted to be mounted to a travelling frame (not shown) which is trailed along the ground behind a primeover (not shown) in accordance with conventional farming practice and will be described with reference to Figures 1 to 4.
  • the assembly 11 is suspendedly mounted to a fixed bar 13 extending longitudinally of the frame with respect to the intended direction of travel of the frame.
  • the assembly generally comprises a carriage 15 suspended below the bar 13 by means of a linkage 17 comprising a pair of first arms 17a and a pair of second arms 17b, a ground engaging cutting wheel 19, a deep ripping tyne 21, a fertiliser discharge means 23, a seed discharge means 25, biasing means 27 and a trailing covering wheel 29.
  • the carriage 15 is effectively in the form of-an inverted U-shape channel member the front bottom corners 15a of which are truncated and the bottom trailing edges of which are formed with a pair of skids 31, one at either side for resting upon the surface of the ground.
  • the cutting wheel 19 is rotatably mounted towards the bottom of the carriage 15 about a central axis 33 extending transversely of the carriage and coincident with an axle 35 upon which the wheel is mounted.
  • the cutting wheel 19 has a V-shaped edge in section instead of a conventional thin wheel so that the cutting wheel can cut through the surface of the ground making a deep incision which can be used as a furrow for subsequent seeding in stubble covered paddocks where a following tyne cannot be used.
  • the cutting wheel 19 is adapted to cut through the surface of the ground so as to form an incision along which the tyne 21 may subsequently pass through without unduly disturbing the surface of the ground and thus minimising the likelihood of soil erosion.
  • the front of the carriage has a stubble guard 37 mounted thereto to deflect minor obstacles such as twigs and stubble away from the cutting wheel 19.
  • the linkage 17 is arranged so that the pair of first arms 17a are pivotally mounted at their upper end to either side of the bar 13 and their lower ends to either side of the carriage 15, so that the pivotal axis of the lower end of the arms is coincident with the central axis 33 of the cutting wheel.
  • the pair of second arms 17b are relatively disposed with respect to the first arms, so that the first and second arms form an offset parallel linkage arrangement as shown in the drawings.
  • the upper ends of the second arms are similarly pivotally mounted to the bar 13 at a rearwardly spaced position relative to the first arms 17a and the lower ends of the second arms 17b are pivotally mounted to the carriage 15, but instead of being disposed to either side of the carriage, the lower ends of the arms are joined together to be pivotally mounted inside of the carriage 15 between the inner sides thereof.
  • the pivotal axis 39 of the lower end of the second arms 17b is similarly rearwardly spaced with respect to the corresponding pivotal axis of the first arms 17a, but in contrast to the relative disposition of the pivotal axes of the upper ends of the first and second arms, the pivotal axes of the lower ends of the first and second arms are closer spaced and furthermore the pivotal axis 39 of the second arms 17b is marginally elevated on the carriage 15 with respect to the corresponding pivotal axis of the first arms which is coincident with the central axis 33.
  • the tyne 21 is fixedly mounted to the second arms 17b between the lower ends thereof so as to be capable of pivotal movement in conjunction with the second arms 17b relative to the carriage 15.
  • the tyne 21 is characterised by having a shank portion of a narrow transverse extent of marginally lesser dimension than the corresponding transverse extent of the cutting wheel 19, as shown in figure 2 of the drawings, and has a larger longitudinal extent in the direction of travel for strength.
  • the shank portion is tapered towards the leading edge 21a thereof so as to facilitate deep ripping through the "hard pan” layer, and has a flattened rear trailing end 21b to provide a pathway for fertiliser which will be described in more detail later.
  • the bottom of the tyne is fitted with a suitable delta shaped point 41 having a downwardly depressed and blunt nose to facilitate formation of a deep furrow for deep banding the seed with fertiliser.
  • the major longitudinal axis of the tyne 21 is angularly offset with respect to the corresponding longitudinal axis of the pair of second arms 17b so as to define a rearward obtuse angle which presents the tyne with a lagging angle of attack relative to the ground.
  • the fertiliser discharge means 23 effectively comprises a fertiliser boot 43 fixedly mounted within the confines of the carriage 15 between its inner sides directly behind the pair of second arms 17b and the tyne 21.
  • the fertiliser discharge means also includes a fertiliser deflector plate 45 mounted vertically to the rear of the pair of second arms 17b and which extends contiguously to adjoin the trailing end 21b of the shank of the tyne so as to form a pathway for falling fertiliser to travel along the rear trailing end 21b and deposit itself into the furrow at the trailing end of the point 41 immediately upon it being formed by the tyne.
  • the fertiliser boot 43 is connected to a conventional fertiliser delivery tube (not shown) which is in turn connected to a fertiliser discharge source mounted in association with the travelling frame.
  • the seed discharge means 25 similarly comprises a seeding boot 47 again fixedly mounted within the confines of the carriage 15 between the inner sides thereof, but rearwardly of the fertiliser discharge means 23.
  • the seed discharge means 25 also includes a seed deflector plate 49 which forms part of a triangular U-shaped bracket 51 pivotally mounted about a transverse axis 53 at the end of the carriage for supporting the covering wheel 29.
  • the seed deflector plate 49 incorporates a lip which protrudes from the bottom of the bracket 51 downwardly so as to extend a marginal distance beyond the bottom of the carriage defined by the skids 31.
  • the seed deflector plate 49 is disposed in a corresponding angular disposition to the major longitudinal axis of the tyne 21 so that seed falling from the boot 47 may strike the seed deflector plate 49 and follow a path therealong to be deposited into the furrow at a location rearwardly spaced from the corresponding position of the tyne at that instant.
  • This rearward spacing between the deflector plate 49 and the rear trailing end 21b of the tyne is sufficient to allow partial covering of the fertiliser deposited into the bottom of the furrow by the end of the deflector plate 49 so that the seed may be deposited at a marginally higher position within the furrow, thereby achieving deep banding of the seed.
  • the seeding boot 47 of the seed discharge means 25 is connected to a seed delivery tube (not shown) which in turn is connected to a seed discharge source (not shown) also mounted in association with the travelling frame.
  • the triangular bracket 51 is pivotally mounted to the carriage about the transverse pivotal axis 53 which is disposed rearwardly and towards the top of the carriage between the fertiliser boot 43 and seeding boot 47.
  • the sides of the bracket project rearwardly from the rear of the carriage 15 in parallel spaced relationship to each other to rotatably support the trailing covering wheel 29 at the rear of the carriage.
  • the covering wheel 29 is much wider than the cutting wheel 19 to compress the top of the furrow and thus close the incision formed by the cutting wheel 19 and hence cover the deposited seed with soil.
  • the biasing means 27 comprises a tension spring which is adjustably mounted at one end 27a tb a pendent bracket 55 fixedly mounted to the bar 13 of the frame and pivotally mounted at the other end between the second arms 17b at a position intermediately disposed between the upper and lower ends of the second arms.
  • the one end 27a of the spring is formed with a threaded bolt end which receives a nut which can be turned to adjust the tension in the spring extending between the pendent plate 55 and the pair of second arms 17b.
  • the linkage 17 includes compensating means which comes into operation when the carriage is retracted for the purposes of clearing an obstacle.
  • the compensating means is formed by the construction of the linkage as an offset parallel linkage assembly, whereby the first and second arms are offset from the parallel with respect to each other, as shown in figure 1 of the drawings, when in the normal operative working position. Consequently, when the cutting wheel encounters an obstacle such as a rock, twig or even hard ground, it is caused to lift whereupon the compensating means elevates the cutting wheel from its working spatial relationship with the tyne and the seed discharge means so as to clear the obstacle.
  • the arrangement of the compensation means simultaneously causes the tyne to lag this upward lifting movement by being substantially independently connected of the carriage, whereby its relative position is dictated by the disposition of the pair of second arms 17b.
  • the offset parallel linkage assembly of the arms is such that the tyne and pair of second arms 17b correspondingly move at a different and retarded rate relative to the cutting wheel 19 and pair of first arms 17a. Consequently, the tyne substantially maintains its prescribed operative working position simultaneously with the elevation of the cutting wheel, thereby allowing deep ripping and the seeding of the furrow to be completed all the way along the incision made by the cutting wheel 19 at a constant maximal depth even though there may be fluctuations in the depth of the incision caused by obstacles encountered by the cutting wheel.
  • the compensating means is characterised by two important features, one being that the tyne movement is dampened significantly with minor fluctuations in the height of the cutting wheel so as to effectively operate independently of the height of the cutting wheel during minor fluctuations in the height of the cutting wheel, but will rapidly retract from the ground upon the cutting wheel continuing elevation beyond a prescribed threshold height determined by the parallel offset to avoid major obstacles.
  • an incision is continuously cut through the surface of the ground for a deep ripping implement to follow.
  • the ground is then continuously ripped deeply along the incision to form a narrow furrow below the surface of the ground for depositing seed, whereby the deep ripping causes minimal surface disturbance.
  • Fertiliser is then continuously deposited into the narrow furrow immediately upon it being formed and covered.
  • Seed is then continuously deposited into the narrow furrow at a depth which is marginally higher than the fertiliser, and finally is continuously covered over to deeply band the seed.
  • the deep ripping, fertiliser and seed depositing and covering are all performed continuously along the entire longitudinal extent of the incision in the direction of the seeding operation and at a substantially constant depth which is largely independent of the depth of the incision at least during the time that the cutting of the incision is caused to temporarily fluctuate in depth due to minor obstacles or obstructions being encountered during the cutting operation. Furthermore, the deep ripping, depositing of fertiliser and seed and covering is rapidly ceased upon encountering a major obstacle during the cutting, after the entire longitudinal extent of the incision is deeply ripped, deposited with seed and covered.
  • the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in many respects and will be described with reference to figures 5 through to 15. Moreover, the second ' embodiment is directed towards a seeding implement assembly 111 which is suspendedly mounted to a fixed bar 113 arranged similarly with respect to a travelling frame as in the first embodiment.
  • the assembly 111 dispenses with the use of a carriage, a cutting wheel and a trailing covering wheel but maintains a linkage 117 comprising a pair of first arms 117a and a pair of second arms 117b, a deep ripping tyne ' 121, a fertiliser discharge means 123, a seed discharge means 125 and biasing means 127.
  • the assembly includes a ground cutting means in the form of a nose portion 119 which projects anteriorly from the front of the tyne 121 for cutting through the ground, and instead of the trailing covering wheel, the assembly includes a covering means in the form of a pair of covering soil deflector plates 129.
  • the assembly 111 includes a furrowing means in the form of a pair of furrowing soil deflector plates 115.
  • the nose 119 is planar and is provided with a leading rectilinear cutting edge which in the prescribed operative working position as shown in figure 5 of the drawings, is sloped rearwardly from the bottom 131a to the top 131b.
  • the nose 119 projects anteriorly from the tyne quite considerably as shown in the drawings and as a consequence of being formed of relatively thin material, for example, six millimetre thickness steel plate, the nose can cut through the ground creating a requisite incision just as effectively as can a cutting wheel as is the case in the first embodiment. Indeed, as the nose 119 extends all the way along the front of the tyne 121, right down to the bottom of the tyne, a deeper incision is created than is the case with the cutting wheel.
  • the top 119a and bottom 119b of the nose portion are strengthened by being formed of marginally thicker steel plate, e.g. 16 millimetres.
  • the nose portion 119 is provided with a bottom edge 119c which projects anteriorly from the bottom of the tyne and is disposed in a substantially horizontal plane when in the prescribed operative working position and thus intersects with the leading edge 131 at an acute angle so as to form a leading point at the bottom 131a thereof. Consequently this facilitates cutting through the ground and in conjunction with the rearward slope, allows the assembly to pass through stubble and other surface material without major blockages.
  • the linkage 117 is substantially similar to the linkage of the first embodiment except that the pair of first arms 117a are pivotally mounted at their lower ends to either side of the front part of the top 119a of the nose portion 119, instead of to the carriage and cutting wheel as in the first embodiment.
  • both the first arms 117a and second arms 117b are respectively outwardly curved as shown in figures 5 and 6 of the drawings. This curvature is important to maximise the elevation that can be achieved from lifting of the assembly with respect to the fixed bar 113, enabling the relative angular position of the tyne 121 to be altered and be maintained in its altered position to mitigate the lifting effect of the deep ripping caused by it, as it approaches the maximal elevated position, as shown particularly in figure 6 of the drawings.
  • the off-set parallel linkage arrangement of the arms which form the compensating means ' is maintained, whereby the spacing between the pivotal axes of the upper ends of the first and second arms is marginally greater than the spacing between the pivotal axes of the lower ends of the first and second arms.
  • this spacing between the upper ends is approximately 9.25 inches and the corresponding spacing between the lower ends is 8.875 inches.
  • the biasing means 127 again is marginally different to the biasing means adopted in the first embodiment.
  • the biasing means 127 comprises two tension springs, 127a and 127b which are respectively connected to the pair of first arms 117a and the pair of second arms 117b, as shown in figure 1 of the drawings. Notwithstanding the plurality of tension springs involved in the second embodiment, the biasing effect of these springs on the linkage arrangement in biasing the tyne 121 into the prescribed working position, is precisely the same as the biasing means of the first embodiment.
  • the main body of the tyne 121 as opposed to the first embodiment, is not integrally formed with the second arms 117b. Consequently, the relative angular position of the tyne 121 is allowed to alter with respect to changes in the angular positioning of the pair of second arms 117b, enabling a different lifting effect on the tyne to be achieved than is the case in the first embodiment.
  • the tyne 121 is similarly provided with a deep ripping point 141 at the base thereof which is substantially planar, delta shaped and blunt nosed, as is the case in the first embodiment, however the angular positioning of this point during elevation of the assembly with respect to the fixed bar 113, is opposite to that achieved in the first embodiment.
  • the general plane of the point 141 is brought from an initial attacking angle with respect to the ground, as is shown in figure 5 of the drawings, when in the prescribed operative working position as is required for deep ripping, to a substantially parallel position with respect to the ground as the assembly is elevated as is shown in figure 6 of the drawings.
  • the lifting effect on soil caused by the point 141 reduces as it nears the surface of the ground, enabling the point to be lifted from out of the ground, minimising soil disturbance at the surface and mitigating the lifting of any underlying clay to the surface.
  • the nose portion 119 is disposed contiguously with the front of the ripping point 141 and consequently with the resultant tyne, there is no leading catching edge or face, as is in the case of a normal tyne and point configuration, on which stubble can accumulate and catch, making it difficult to remove without manual effort. Moreover, due to there being no catching edge or face, any stubble accumulated at the leading edge of the nose portion can simply drop and fall away from the tyne by elevating it from the ground and shaking it if necessary.
  • the furrowing means and covering means are integrally formed in a saddle shaped bracket arrangement which is fixedly attached at the sides of the main body of the tyne 121 to extend rearwardly therefrom by suitable means such as welding and pinning provided by the pins 133.
  • a cover plate 135 surmounts at the pair of furrowing soil deflector plates 115 so that the plates 115 effectively depend from the cover plate 135 in a substantially upright position when in the prescribed operative working position.
  • the furrowing soil deflector plates 115 are substantially planar and winged shaped, being oppositely angled to project out laterally from either side of the tyne.
  • the covering soil deflector plates 129 are integrally formed with the cover plate 135, essentially forming a pair of trailing wings which project rearwardly and obliquely from the end of the assembly.
  • the covering soil deflector plates 129 are also substantially planar and of triangular shape, being disposed in alignment directly behind the respective furrowing soil deflector plates 115 so " as to engage the soil at the outside of the respective furrows 151 and deflect the same laterally across the furrows, inwardly to the other side of the furrows.
  • the shape of the deflector plates 129 form a central passage directly aligned with the rear of the tyne, which passage is an inverted V-shape. Consequently, the deflector plates 129 with the soil deflected across to the inside of the furrows 151 shape the soil between the two furrows into a central ridge 153 as can be best seen in figure 15.
  • the cover plate 135 is formed with a plurality of apertures, two of these apertures 137 accommodate fertiliser boots 143 which form part of the fertiliser discharge means and two of the apertures 139 accommodate seed boots 147 which form part of the seed discharge means.
  • the two fertiliser apertures and boots are disposed centrally in a series immediately behind the rear of the tyne 121 and are connected to fertiliser delivery tubes 149 to deposit fertiliser 155 from a fertiliser discharge source, behind the tyne and into the bottom of the incision formed behind the deep ripping point 141.
  • the seed apertures and boots are disposed rearwardly of the fertiliser apertures and boots, but are disposed laterally with respect to either side of the centre line formed by the tyne and the fertiliser apertures and boots, and anteriorly with respect to the covering means.
  • the seed apertures and boots are precisely positioned so that seed 157 delivered thereto from a seed discharge source via respective seed delivery tubes 151 is .deposited directly into each furrow 151 immediately after soil is deflected to the outside by the furrowing means forming the furrow and prior to the soil being deflected back to the inside by the covering means.
  • a fertiliser deflector plate 145 is fixedly attached to the underside of the cover plate 135 to depend therefrom between the fertiliser apertures and boots and the seed apertures and boots so as to partition discharged fertiliser from discharged seed.
  • This deflector plate is centrally disposed and projects anteriorly to deflect fertiliser 155 anteriorly towards the rear of the tyne so that it may be deposited at the bottom of the incision created by the tyne prior to this being covered by soil as a consequence of the subsequent furrow formation and covering.
  • the travelling frame is set up so that a bank of seeding implement assemblies are provided which are spaced apart laterally an optimum distance to promote stooling, for example, in some soil types, 14 inches apart.
  • the fertiliser and seed discharge means of the assemblies are respectively connected via fertiliser and seed delivery tubes to fertiliser and seed discharge sources and the travelling frame is drawn by a prime mover along a paddock to be sown, with the assemblies being brought into engagement at a prescribed working position with respect to the ground.
  • the cutting means of each assembly continuously cuts an incision through the surface of the ground through which the tyne constituting the deep ripping implement can follow.
  • the tyne continuously deep rips the ground along the incision by virtue of the deep ripping point being disposed at an appropriate angle of attack with respect to the ground below the surface.
  • the narrow extent of the cutting means and tyne and the consequent incision that is formed enables deep ripping to occur with minimal surface disturbance.
  • the fertiliser discharge means continuously deposits fertiliser proximate to the bottom of the incision immediately upon the deep ripping of the ground by the tyne so that fertiliser is disposed centrally of the row at maximum depth.
  • the furrowing means forms two furrows either side of the incision at a relatively close spacing, for example 4-6 inches apart, and at a much shallower depth than the incision.
  • the seed discharge means subsequently and continuously deposits seed into the furrows which then are immediately covered by the covering means deflecting soil on the outside of the respective furrows, not only across the furrows, but also to the centre, concentrating the soil so as to form a central ridge which remains after the passage of the implement.
  • a ground profile is consequently achieved as shown in figure 15, where the seed is deep banded with fertiliser.
  • the one line of fertiliser provides adequate nutrient to the two lines of seed within a row. This not only maximises the effect of the fertiliser used, but also reduces the proportional amount of fertiliser required for the seed. Thus a seed to fertiliser ratio in the order of 2:1 can be achieved. Furthermore, greater spacing between the rows can be achieved whilst maintaining yield, a corollary of which is improved stooling. Additionally, the remaining central ridge channels water resulting from precipitation into the covered furrows, which is particularly advantageous in non-wetting soils.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Transplanting Machines (AREA)

Abstract

Ensemble d'outil d'ensemencement (111) conçu pour l'enfouissement profond en bandes de semences (157) et d'engrais (155) dans la terre. L'ensemble (111) comprend une liaison (117) le reliant à un cadre de déplacement (113), un fourchon (121), une partie frontale (119) et un dispositif de déchargement de semences et d'engrais. La partie frontale (119) a la forme d'une plaque s'avançant vers l'avant depuis l'avant du fourchon (121). Une pointe de creusage profond (141) est montée sur le fond du fourchon pour creuser profondément le sol. Le dispositif de déchargement d'engrais et de semences comprend des tubes d'engrais (149) qui déposent l'engrais directement dans le fond de l'incision qui est formée par la partie frontale et derrière le fourchon (121) un creusage profond est ensuite effectué par la pointe (141). Des dispositifs de labourage (115), faisant partie du dispositif de déchargement de semences et d'engrais, sont montés sur l'arrière du fourchon (121) pour créer une paire de sillons de chaque côté du fourchon. Des tubes de semences (151) déposent la semence dans les sillons de manière continue, au fur et à mesure où ils sont formés, et des dispositifs de recouvrement (129), montés à l'arrière de l'ensemble, traînent en recouvrant les sillons. La liaison (117) est en forme de parallélogramme décalé qui permet au fourchon d'être soulevé, tout en maintenant substantiellement sa fonction lorsqu'il est engagé dans le sol, mais diminuant l'effet de creusage provoqué par la pointe (141) lorsque celle-ci approche de la surface du sol. Un procédé d'ensemencement et un système de plantation sont aussi décrits; ils sont généralement caractérisés par la formation d'une rangée comprenant une seule ligne d'engrais et deux lignes de semences dans les sillons qui possèdent une arête centrale les séparant, disposée au-dessus de la ligne d'engrais.
PCT/AU1993/000187 1992-04-29 1993-04-29 Outil d'ensemencement et procede Ceased WO1993021754A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AUPL2159 1992-04-29
AUPL215992 1992-04-29

Publications (1)

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WO1993021754A1 true WO1993021754A1 (fr) 1993-11-11

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CA (1) CA2134646A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1993021754A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997016061A1 (fr) * 1995-11-03 1997-05-09 Kverneland Klepp A.S Semoir a grains
US5794711A (en) * 1995-08-04 1998-08-18 Techsearch Incorporated Ground following opener apparatus
WO2016067136A1 (fr) * 2014-10-30 2016-05-06 Ama S.P.A. Unité de travail du sol et procédé associé

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2601043B (en) * 2018-07-13 2022-12-14 Robert Frank Chaplin Simon Seed sowing apparatus

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AU5870686A (en) * 1985-06-12 1986-12-18 Ian Malcolm Janke Improved planting implement
AU2500688A (en) * 1987-11-25 1989-05-25 Deere & Company Opener assembly with depth gauging from a press wheel
AU1924088A (en) * 1984-06-19 1990-06-28 Deere & Company Agricultural apparatus
AU5055090A (en) * 1989-02-27 1990-08-30 Austin Timothy Ryan Tillage and sowing implements
AU6341590A (en) * 1989-11-17 1991-06-13 Ian Geddes Direct drill stump jump seeder
AU7732491A (en) * 1990-05-25 1991-11-28 Agrowtech Australia Pty. Ltd. A mounting for a coulter and inverted t boot
AU7921491A (en) * 1990-06-22 1992-01-02 Christopher Robert England Constant depth band seeder
AU1135792A (en) * 1991-03-01 1992-09-03 Christopher John Baker Seed sowing apparatus

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AU375454A (en) * 1954-10-11 1955-04-21 Caterpillar Tractor Co Fertilizer attachment for tillage tools
AU4733259A (en) * 1959-03-31 1960-10-06 Herber Wass Charles Improvements in sod seeding machines
AU6403965A (en) * 1965-09-15 1967-03-16 A method of and apparatus for planting seed
AU1855383A (en) * 1982-09-01 1984-03-08 Ryan, J.W. Seeding and fertilising assembly
AU2911784A (en) * 1983-06-07 1984-12-13 Pfeiffer, D.I. Constant depth combined cultivator and seeding implement
AU1924088A (en) * 1984-06-19 1990-06-28 Deere & Company Agricultural apparatus
AU4905585A (en) * 1984-10-27 1986-05-01 Amazonen-Werke H. Dreyer Gmbh & Co. Kg Seed drill
AU5870686A (en) * 1985-06-12 1986-12-18 Ian Malcolm Janke Improved planting implement
AU2500688A (en) * 1987-11-25 1989-05-25 Deere & Company Opener assembly with depth gauging from a press wheel
AU5055090A (en) * 1989-02-27 1990-08-30 Austin Timothy Ryan Tillage and sowing implements
AU6341590A (en) * 1989-11-17 1991-06-13 Ian Geddes Direct drill stump jump seeder
AU7732491A (en) * 1990-05-25 1991-11-28 Agrowtech Australia Pty. Ltd. A mounting for a coulter and inverted t boot
AU7921491A (en) * 1990-06-22 1992-01-02 Christopher Robert England Constant depth band seeder
AU1135792A (en) * 1991-03-01 1992-09-03 Christopher John Baker Seed sowing apparatus

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5794711A (en) * 1995-08-04 1998-08-18 Techsearch Incorporated Ground following opener apparatus
WO1997016061A1 (fr) * 1995-11-03 1997-05-09 Kverneland Klepp A.S Semoir a grains
WO2016067136A1 (fr) * 2014-10-30 2016-05-06 Ama S.P.A. Unité de travail du sol et procédé associé

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