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WO1993015831A1 - Agent de sorption servant a immobiliser des substances toxiques et contaminantes - Google Patents

Agent de sorption servant a immobiliser des substances toxiques et contaminantes Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1993015831A1
WO1993015831A1 PCT/CS1992/000027 CS9200027W WO9315831A1 WO 1993015831 A1 WO1993015831 A1 WO 1993015831A1 CS 9200027 W CS9200027 W CS 9200027W WO 9315831 A1 WO9315831 A1 WO 9315831A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ash
sorbent
toxic
water
ashes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/CS1992/000027
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Zdene^¿k FORMÁNEK
Jan Maloch
Vlasta PETR^¿ÍKOVÁ
Petr PU^'SCHEL
Pavel TRY^´ZNA
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
CINIS Ltd
Original Assignee
CINIS Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by CINIS Ltd filed Critical CINIS Ltd
Publication of WO1993015831A1 publication Critical patent/WO1993015831A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
    • B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
    • B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
    • G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
    • G21F9/04—Treating liquids
    • G21F9/06—Processing
    • G21F9/12—Processing by absorption; by adsorption; by ion-exchange

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a sorbent suitable for immobilization of toxic, radioactive and contaminating substances, said sorbent consisting of ashes obtained by combustion of solid fuels at temperatures higher than 1000 °C, the largest dimension of at least 30 % of sorbent particles being lower than 3 mm and its content of toxic water extractive elements lower than 1 mg. 1 -1 and radioactivity lower than 100 Bq.kg -1 , if desired with addition of a biologically active matter containing bacteria capable of destruction of organic material, e.g. hog dung water or sludge from water purification.
  • sorbents are organic and inorganic substances, produced synthetically or even originating in nature.
  • the fly ash i.e. the smallest particles not caught in the separators and escaping from the stack into the atmosphere is enriched by toxic elements. In its aqueous extract is therefore an increased concentration of toxic trace elements and is worthless in the utilization in the sorption.
  • the above mentioned shortcomings removes the sorbent for the fixation of toxic, radioactive and contaminating substances, the essence of which consists in that it is composed of the ashes obtained by combustion of solid fuels at temperatures above 1000 °C, said ashes being formed of at least 30% of particles having their longest dimension lower than 3 mm and having the content of water extractive elements lower than 1 mg. 1 and the radioactivity is lower than 100 Bq. kg , if desired with addition of 0 - 20 % as dry substance, of a biologically active material containing bacteria capable of destructing organic matter, e.g. hog dung water or water work sludge.
  • Ash seperated in mechanical or electro-static separators is, as a result of high combustion temperature, deprived of a considerable part of originally present toxic trace elements.
  • the binding of the sorbed harmful substances is very firm so that even a long time contact with water, either rain or underground, lasting even more than 5 years does not cause extraction of toxic and contaminating substances.
  • a contingent acidity, of the rain is neutralized, moreover, by alkaline components of the ashes.
  • the ash contains 92 % of particles smaller than 3 mm, 85 % smaller than 1 mm, 54 % smaller than 0.5 mm and 15 % smaller than 0.2 mm.
  • the content of all recorded elements in the aqueous extract is lower than 0.5 mg.1 -1 .
  • the P H of water decreased from 8.4 to 6.8, the content of ammonia sank from 0.3 mg. 1 to 0.15 mg. 1 -1 , BSK 5 sank from 1.95 onto 0.81 mg. 1 -1 .
  • the sorbent according to the invention can be used in all cases, where the penetration of toxic substances from the surface into the underground or surface water, soil or other components of the environment is to be barred or removed, especially when the concentrations of said substances are low.
  • the matter is that the purification of contaminated water or final purification of water into the water work, dumping toxic wastes from the industry and agriculture, building of security barriers of such dumps.
  • Another field of utilization is the immobilization of toxic and contaminating substances which have already penetrated into the environment or into the soil, e.g. from the fertilizers, industrial and agricultural wastes or from the atmospherical fall-out. In the cases the toxic and contaminating substances remain in the soil, they are, however, firmly bound onto the ash so that their detrimental effect cannot develop.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention se rapporte à l'utilisation de cendres obtenues de la combustion de combustibles solides à des températures élevées, dans des chaudières à combustible en poudre, par exemple, et, s'il est désiré, avec l'addition d'une substance biologiquement active contenant des bactéries qui provoquent la destruction de matière organiques, ces cendres étant utilisées comme agents de sorption servant à immobiliser les constituants toxiques et contaminants, et à protéger ainsi l'environnement contre toute contamination par des éléments toxiques ou contre leur assimilation dans la biosphère. L'invention utilise la capacité élevée de sorption des cendres pour effectuer une fixation solide des composés nocifs qui sont ainsi immobilisés et ne peuvent pénétrer dans la biosphère; la matière biologiquement active, si elle est présente, produit la décomposition des agents contaminants organiques. Cette caractéristique est utilisée notamment pour qu'il se forme, entre la source de contamination telle qu'un dépôt d'ordure, et l'environnement, une barrière composée d'une couche de cendres, ces cendres présentant une capacité de sorption élevée de sorte que les contaminants sont immobilisés par sorption dans les cendres, et que si le dépôt est inondé, de l'eau puisse traverser la barrière alors que les éléments toxiques demeurent fixés. Une autre possiblité d'utilisation concerne la filtration d'eau contaminée à travers une couche d'un agent de sorption à base de cendre. La troisième possiblité consiste à mélanger la substance contaminée, telle que la terre, avec un agent de sorption à base de cendre.
PCT/CS1992/000027 1992-02-05 1992-09-30 Agent de sorption servant a immobiliser des substances toxiques et contaminantes Ceased WO1993015831A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CSPV334-92 1992-02-05
CS92334A CZ278405B6 (en) 1992-02-05 1992-02-05 Sorbent for the fixation of toxic radioactive and contaminating substances

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1993015831A1 true WO1993015831A1 (fr) 1993-08-19

Family

ID=5335270

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CS1992/000027 Ceased WO1993015831A1 (fr) 1992-02-05 1992-09-30 Agent de sorption servant a immobiliser des substances toxiques et contaminantes

Country Status (3)

Country Link
CZ (2) CZ733U1 (fr)
SK (1) SK278047B6 (fr)
WO (1) WO1993015831A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995001641A1 (fr) * 1993-07-01 1995-01-12 Kueno Masaya Nouveaux procedes de traitement et de rejet de dechets et de produits de fission nucleaire
WO1995023041A1 (fr) * 1994-02-25 1995-08-31 Bernhard Zinke Procede d'absorption de substances polluantes organiques
DE10238957B4 (de) * 2002-08-24 2005-12-01 Forschungszentrum Rossendorf Ev Verfahren zur Verringerung der Uran(VI)-Konzentration in fließenden Wässern
CZ303567B6 (cs) * 2010-12-17 2012-12-12 Vysoká škola bánská - Technická univerzita Ostrava Cinidlo s kombinovaným úcinkem a zpusob cištení a úpravy odpadních vod za použití tohoto cinidla

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001508701A (ja) * 1997-01-21 2001-07-03 ダブリユ・アール・グレイス・アンド・カンパニー・コネテイカツト 磁性基質上のシリカ吸着材
CZ2010875A3 (cs) * 2010-11-26 2012-01-18 Vysoká škola bánská - Technická univerzita Ostrava Sorbent pro fixaci znecištujících látek z pevných povrchu a vodní hladiny

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1784543A (en) * 1926-11-11 1930-12-09 Lurgi Ges Fur Warmetechnik M B Production of adsorbents
FR780213A (fr) * 1934-10-25 1935-04-20 Electricite De Paris Soc D Application des cendres provenant notamment de la combustion des charbons pulvérisées au traitement des solutions ou suspensions colloïdales
GB2140399A (en) * 1983-05-27 1984-11-28 Inst Energetik Rational A process for the manufacture of highly porous mineral bodies of polyform structure
DE3331475A1 (de) * 1983-09-01 1985-03-28 Deutsche Solvay-Werke Gmbh, 5650 Solingen Mittel und verfahren zum abtrennen organischer und/oder anorganischer inhaltsstoffe, die in wasser, abwasser oder wasserhaltigen produkten in geloester form oder dispergierter form vorliegen
EP0167686A1 (fr) * 1982-07-15 1986-01-15 Agritec, Inc. Procédé pour contenir des liquides sous forme solide ou semi-solide
EP0175568A2 (fr) * 1984-09-17 1986-03-26 Waseda University Procédé pour un réacteur biologique à lit fluidisé à 3 phases

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1784543A (en) * 1926-11-11 1930-12-09 Lurgi Ges Fur Warmetechnik M B Production of adsorbents
FR780213A (fr) * 1934-10-25 1935-04-20 Electricite De Paris Soc D Application des cendres provenant notamment de la combustion des charbons pulvérisées au traitement des solutions ou suspensions colloïdales
EP0167686A1 (fr) * 1982-07-15 1986-01-15 Agritec, Inc. Procédé pour contenir des liquides sous forme solide ou semi-solide
GB2140399A (en) * 1983-05-27 1984-11-28 Inst Energetik Rational A process for the manufacture of highly porous mineral bodies of polyform structure
DE3331475A1 (de) * 1983-09-01 1985-03-28 Deutsche Solvay-Werke Gmbh, 5650 Solingen Mittel und verfahren zum abtrennen organischer und/oder anorganischer inhaltsstoffe, die in wasser, abwasser oder wasserhaltigen produkten in geloester form oder dispergierter form vorliegen
EP0175568A2 (fr) * 1984-09-17 1986-03-26 Waseda University Procédé pour un réacteur biologique à lit fluidisé à 3 phases

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPIL Week 8651, Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; AN 86-332661 *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN vol. 013, no. 326 (C-620) *

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995001641A1 (fr) * 1993-07-01 1995-01-12 Kueno Masaya Nouveaux procedes de traitement et de rejet de dechets et de produits de fission nucleaire
WO1995023041A1 (fr) * 1994-02-25 1995-08-31 Bernhard Zinke Procede d'absorption de substances polluantes organiques
US5769777A (en) * 1994-02-25 1998-06-23 Zinke; Bernhard Method for absorbing organic pollutants
DE10238957B4 (de) * 2002-08-24 2005-12-01 Forschungszentrum Rossendorf Ev Verfahren zur Verringerung der Uran(VI)-Konzentration in fließenden Wässern
CZ303567B6 (cs) * 2010-12-17 2012-12-12 Vysoká škola bánská - Technická univerzita Ostrava Cinidlo s kombinovaným úcinkem a zpusob cištení a úpravy odpadních vod za použití tohoto cinidla

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CZ733U1 (cs) 1993-09-22
SK278047B6 (en) 1995-11-08
CS33492A3 (en) 1992-10-14
CZ278405B6 (en) 1993-12-15

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