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WO1993013300A1 - Reducteur hydraulique de la vitesse de fermeture pour soupape de moteur - Google Patents

Reducteur hydraulique de la vitesse de fermeture pour soupape de moteur Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1993013300A1
WO1993013300A1 PCT/US1991/009750 US9109750W WO9313300A1 WO 1993013300 A1 WO1993013300 A1 WO 1993013300A1 US 9109750 W US9109750 W US 9109750W WO 9313300 A1 WO9313300 A1 WO 9313300A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
valve
location
fluid
space
stem
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US1991/009750
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Scott F. Shafer
Thomas S. Carroll
Steven F. Meister
David R. Orr
J. Roger Weber
Original Assignee
Caterpillar Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Caterpillar Inc. filed Critical Caterpillar Inc.
Priority to PCT/US1991/009750 priority Critical patent/WO1993013300A1/fr
Priority to AU91364/91A priority patent/AU9136491A/en
Publication of WO1993013300A1 publication Critical patent/WO1993013300A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/14—Tappets; Push rods
    • F01L1/16—Silencing impact; Reducing wear

Definitions

  • a hydraulic snubber for decelerating a moving member and more particularly, a hydraulic snubber for decelerating an engine poppet valve during valve closing to an acceptable impact velocity before the valve contacts the valve seat.
  • Engine combustion chamber valves are almost universally of a poppet type.
  • a number of means exist for opening such valves including a cam on a rotating cam shaft, hydraulic pressure, electromagnets, and others.
  • Engine valves are typically spring loaded toward a valve-closed position and opened against the spring bias. Because the valve should open and close very quickly, the spring is typically very stiff and is loaded to a high force under the relatively high force needed to open the valve quickly against the high internal pressures of the combustion chamber. Therefore, when the valve closes, it impacts the valve seat at velocities that can create forces which eventually erode the valve or the valve seat or even fracture or break the valve.
  • the present invention is an apparatus for controllably altering the speed of an engine poppet valve during movement of the valve between first (open) and second (closed) locations to an acceptable impact seating velocity.
  • the apparatus includes a guide body having side walls and an end wall having an opening therein.
  • the valve is positioned within the guide body.
  • the stem of the valve has a first portion having a first cross-sectional area and a second portion having a second cross-sectional area greater than the first cross-sectional area.
  • the first portion of the stem extends through the opening in the first end of the guide body during a first portion of displacement of the engine valve in the direction from its first location towards its second location.
  • the second portion of the stem extends into the opening during a second portion of displacement of the engine valve in the same direction.
  • the walls of the guide body and the engine valve within the guide body form a hydraulic fluid space between them.
  • the space has a volume which varies with the position of valve. The volume of the space is greatest when the valve is at its first location and decreases as the valve is moved in the direction from its first location towards its second location.
  • the guide body has a first fluid exit opening(s) , which may be the opening in the end wall through which the stem of the valve extends, in communication with the space when the valve is at its first location.
  • the guide body also has a second fluid exit opening(s) in communication with the space when the valve is at its second location.
  • the first and second fluid exit openings are sized relative to each other such that rate of fluid flow through the first fluid exit opening is greater than the rate of flow of fluid through the second fluid exit opening.
  • a port having a first end in communication with the space at least when the valve is at a location spaced from the second location and a second end in communication with a hydraulic fluid supply communicates hydraulic fluid from the hydraulic fluid supply to the space.
  • the stem of the engine valve covers the first end of the port and prevents fluid communication between the port and the space.
  • Figure 1 is an elevational, cross-sectional view of an apparatus of the present invention with the valve at its second location
  • Figure 2 is an elevational, cross-sectional view of the apparatus shown in Figure 1 with the valve at its first location;
  • Figure 3 is an elevational, cross-sectional view of an alternative embodiment of an apparatus of the present invention with the valve at its second location.
  • the engine poppet valve 12 includes a head 14 and a stem 16 connected to the head 14.
  • the stem 16 includes a first portion 18 connected through a stepped portion 20 to a second portion 22.
  • the cross-sectional area of the first portion 18 adjacent the stepped portion 20 is less than the cross-sectional area of the second portion 22.
  • a plunger 24 is connected to the stem 16.
  • the valve 12 includes a retainer collar 26 fixedly connected to the stem 16.
  • the stem 16 rides within a valve guide body 28 having side walls 30 and an end wall 32 having an opening 34 therein through which the first portion 18 of the stem 16 extends.
  • the guide body 28 is seated in a bore 36 in the engine cylinder head 38 and has close diametrical clearance therewith.
  • a clamp 40 is bolted over a flange 42 on the guide body 28 to hold the guide body 28 in place.
  • the engine valve 12 is displaceable between a first location, shown in Figure 2, at which the engine valve 12 is open and the head 14 of the valve 12 is spaced from the valve seat 44 and a second location, shown in Figure 1, at which the head 14 of the valve 12 is seated against the valve seat 44.
  • the engine valve 12 is biased to the second location by a preloaded return spring 46 which is retained between the collar 26 and the clamp 40.
  • the valve 12 includes an edge 48 on the stepped portion 20 of the stem 16.
  • the engine valve 12 is guided by the second portion 22 of the stem 16 riding against the side walls 30 of the guide body 28 between which there is close diametrical clearance.
  • a hydraulic fluid space 50 is formed by the side walls 30 and end wall 32 of the guide body 28 and the first and stepped portions 18,22 of the stem 16.
  • a port 52 extends through the guide body 28 having a first end 54 and a second end 56, the second end 56 being in constant communication with a low pressure hydraulic fluid supply 58, such as engine oil.
  • a hydraulic fluid control vent 60 is formed in the stem 16. Hydraulic fluid which might leak from the space 50 and down the stem 16 is able to be captured in the control vent 60 and vented back up rather than leaking on down into the combustion cylinder.
  • Figure 1 shows a hydraulically actuated engine valve 12 at its second (closed) location.
  • the engine valve 12 could be mechanically actuated or opened by some other means.
  • low pressure fluid of approximately 1000 psi is in communication with the first end 62 of the plunger 24.
  • the low pressure fluid is solely for the purpose of preventing cavitation in the fluid pathway (not shown) that leads to the first end 62 of the plunger 24.
  • communication of the low pressure fluid with the first end 62 of the plunger 24 is cut off and, instead, high pressure fluid of approximately 21,000 psi is communicated to the first end 62 of the plunger 24.
  • a preferred means for selectively communicating the high or low pressure fluid through the fluid pathway is by the use of an axially displaceable spool valve (not shown) which, depending upon its axial displacement, communicates either high pressure fluid or low pressure fluid to the fluid pathway.
  • the force of the high pressure fluid moves the engine valve 12 from its second location towards its first location, loading the return spring 46 as it is further displaced.
  • the second portion 22 of the stem 16 uncovers the first end 54 of the port 52, hydraulicizid lows from the low pressure fluid supply 58 through the port 52 and into the space 50.
  • the engine valve 12 continues to open until the valve opening pressure and the return spring 46 are in equilibrium, which is preferably at a valve 12 displacement of about 13 mm, or until the engine valve 12 hits a hard stop.
  • the space 50 is at its first, maximum, volume.
  • the first portion 18 of the stem 16 and the opening 34 are of such close diametrical clearance that no fluid can pass between them.
  • two other openings 70,72 exist in the guide body 28 .
  • the valve 12 begins closing, fluid passes out through both openings 70,72, the two openings together forming a first fluid exit opening.
  • the valve 12 crosses over and cuts-off the side opening 72. Now, the remaining fluid must pass out of the top opening 70 only, which is the second fluid exit opening, and the snubbing action begins.
  • openings is intended to include a single opening whose fluid flow area is variable so as to serve as both the first and second fluid exit openings, as described earlier with reference to Figures 1 and 2, or multiple openings whose combined fluid flow area is variable,, as described earlier with reference to Figure 3.
  • first fluid exit opening and second fluid exit opening are used relative to each other to describe openings in the guide body 28 whereby the rate of fluid flow through the first fluid exit opening is greater than the rate of fluid flow through the second fluid exit opening.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil hydraulique (10) qui freine un élément (12), de préférence une soupape à champignon de moteur, de façon que sa vitesse d'impact sur son siège soit acceptable lorsque ledit membre passe de la position ouverte à la position fermée. La soupape (12) se déplace dans un corps de guidage dont une paroi d'extrémité (32) est pourvue d'une ouverture (34) à travers laquelle s'étend une première section (18) de la tige (16) de la soupape. Lorsque la soupape (12) se ferme, le fluide est évacué d'un espace (50) par une première ouverture d'écoulement du fluide (66). Lorsque la soupape (12) se rapproche de son siège (44), le fluide restant dans l'espace (50) est évacué par une seconde ouverture d'écoulement du fluide (68) à un débit plus faible que par la première ouverture (66). A mesure que la soupape continue à se fermer, le fluide restant dans l'espace (50) est comprimé, ce qui augmente le pression hydraulique et crée une résistance qui s'oppose au déplacement de la soupape à champignon (12) et la freine de manière à obtenir une vitesse d'impact acceptable.
PCT/US1991/009750 1991-12-31 1991-12-31 Reducteur hydraulique de la vitesse de fermeture pour soupape de moteur WO1993013300A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1991/009750 WO1993013300A1 (fr) 1991-12-31 1991-12-31 Reducteur hydraulique de la vitesse de fermeture pour soupape de moteur
AU91364/91A AU9136491A (en) 1991-12-31 1991-12-31 Engine valve seating velocity hydraulic snubber

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US1991/009750 WO1993013300A1 (fr) 1991-12-31 1991-12-31 Reducteur hydraulique de la vitesse de fermeture pour soupape de moteur

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1993013300A1 true WO1993013300A1 (fr) 1993-07-08

Family

ID=22226097

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1991/009750 WO1993013300A1 (fr) 1991-12-31 1991-12-31 Reducteur hydraulique de la vitesse de fermeture pour soupape de moteur

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU9136491A (fr)
WO (1) WO1993013300A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE37604E1 (en) 1991-06-24 2002-03-26 Ford Global Technologies, Inc. Variable engine valve control system

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1634198A (en) * 1926-06-07 1927-06-28 Charles R Kinkaid Valve-actuating mechanism
US1675954A (en) * 1924-08-26 1928-07-03 L G Hoxton Valve-tappet construction
US4210064A (en) * 1977-01-10 1980-07-01 Hydraudyne B.V. Method and device for braking the speed of movement of the piston of a plunger-cylinder device
US4776440A (en) * 1984-12-03 1988-10-11 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Shock absorber with resiliently biased adjustment piston
US5022358A (en) * 1990-07-24 1991-06-11 North American Philips Corporation Low energy hydraulic actuator
US5058538A (en) * 1990-07-24 1991-10-22 North American Philips Corporation Hydraulically propelled phneumatically returned valve actuator

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1675954A (en) * 1924-08-26 1928-07-03 L G Hoxton Valve-tappet construction
US1634198A (en) * 1926-06-07 1927-06-28 Charles R Kinkaid Valve-actuating mechanism
US4210064A (en) * 1977-01-10 1980-07-01 Hydraudyne B.V. Method and device for braking the speed of movement of the piston of a plunger-cylinder device
US4776440A (en) * 1984-12-03 1988-10-11 Nissan Motor Co., Ltd. Shock absorber with resiliently biased adjustment piston
US5022358A (en) * 1990-07-24 1991-06-11 North American Philips Corporation Low energy hydraulic actuator
US5058538A (en) * 1990-07-24 1991-10-22 North American Philips Corporation Hydraulically propelled phneumatically returned valve actuator

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
USRE37604E1 (en) 1991-06-24 2002-03-26 Ford Global Technologies, Inc. Variable engine valve control system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU9136491A (en) 1993-07-28

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