[go: up one dir, main page]

WO1993012049A1 - Procede et appareil de fixation d'un corps par rapport a un autre - Google Patents

Procede et appareil de fixation d'un corps par rapport a un autre Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1993012049A1
WO1993012049A1 PCT/GB1992/002301 GB9202301W WO9312049A1 WO 1993012049 A1 WO1993012049 A1 WO 1993012049A1 GB 9202301 W GB9202301 W GB 9202301W WO 9312049 A1 WO9312049 A1 WO 9312049A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
accordance
bodies
high energy
energy density
fusible material
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/GB1992/002301
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Robert Marc Clement
Neville Richard Ledger
Original Assignee
United Distillers Plc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by United Distillers Plc filed Critical United Distillers Plc
Publication of WO1993012049A1 publication Critical patent/WO1993012049A1/fr
Priority to GB9410716A priority Critical patent/GB2276377A/en

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C27/00—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
    • C03C27/06—Joining glass to glass by processes other than fusing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D13/00—Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of the same material, other than metal, plastics, wood or substitutes therefor
    • B65D13/02—Containers having bodies formed by interconnecting two or more rigid, or substantially rigid, components made wholly or mainly of the same material, other than metal, plastics, wood or substitutes therefor of glass, pottery, or other ceramic material

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method of securing one body with respect to another and in particular, but not exclusively, to a method of affixing a glass fitment or closure with respect to a glass bottle.
  • the present invention also relates to an apparatus for performing the method, to an assembly comprising two bodies that are secured with respect to each other and to a glass bottle having a fitment or closure also of glass, the glass fitment or closure being fixed in position with respect of the bottle. _._._.
  • a method of affixing a glass fitment or closure with respect to a glass bottle comprising the steps of providing a fusible material at an interface between said fitment or closure and said bottle, directing a high energy density beam through said one of said fitment or closure or bottle substantially without causing any detectable change to the bulk thereof, and irradiating the fusible material with the high energy density beam to cause the fusible material to fuse and affix said fitment or closure with respect to said bottle.
  • a method of securing one body with respect to another comprising the steps of providing a fusible material at an interface of the two bodies, directing a high energy density beam through a first of the bodies substantially without causing any detectable change to the bulk thereof, and irradiating the fusible material with the high energy density beam so as to cause the fusible material to fuse and secure the two bodies with respect to each other.
  • the step of providing a fusible material at an interface of the bodies concerned may comprise the printing of a layer of fusible material on a surface of one of said bodies.
  • the step of providing a fusible material at an interface of the body concerned may comprise the spraying of a layer of fusible material on to a surface of one of said bodies.
  • said layer of fusible material may be cured prior to exposure to the high energy density beam.
  • the step of providing a fusible material at an interface of the bodies concerned may comprise diffusing fusible material into a surface of one of said bodies.
  • the step of providing a fusible material at an interface of the bodies concerned may comprise interposing between said bodies a self supporting insert of fusible material.
  • the fusible material may be selected from the list comprising a glass frit, a solder glass, a silicate or an enamel in a low melting wax.
  • the fusible material may have a thermal expansion coefficient comparable with those of the two bodies so that upon cooling the fusible material forms a weld that is integral with each of said bodies.
  • the high energy density beam may be adapted to have a power density at the fusible material of between O.l /mm 2 and 500W/mm 2 .
  • the high energy density beam may comprise a particle beam.
  • the high energy density beam may comprise a beam derived from a light source and in particular may comprise the beam of a laser.
  • the laser may preferably be operated at a power within the range from 10-250 .
  • the laser may comprise a YAG laser which is operated in a continuous wave mode and pulsed with a pulse duration of upto 10 seconds.
  • the method may comprise the additional step of scanning the high energy density beam with respect to the fusible material.
  • the step of scanning the high energy density beam may include providing at least one moveable mirror in the path thereof, the oveable mirror preferably comprising a galvanometer mirror.
  • the method may comprise the additional step of focusing the high energy density beam on to the fusible material.
  • the method may comprise the additional step of controlling the rate at which the two bodies and the fusible material are allowed to cool.
  • the rate at which the two bodies and the .fusible material are allowed to cool may be controlled by the supply of additional heat.
  • this additional heat may be supplied by placing the two bodies and the fusible material within a furnace.
  • this additional heat may be supplied by irradiating the two bodies and the fusible material with a second high energy density beam.
  • the quantity of additional heat supplied to the two bodies and the fusible material may be controllably reduced by reducing the operating power of the second high energy density beam.
  • the quantity of additional heat supplied to the two bodies and the fusible material may be controllably reduced by de-focusing the second high energy density beam.
  • the quantity of additional heat supplied to the two bodies and the fusible material may be controllably reduced by actuating the second high energy density beam for progressively decreasing pulse durations.
  • the second high energy density beam may comprise a particle beam.
  • the second high energy density beam may comprise a beam derived from a light source and in particular may comprise the beam of a laser.
  • the laser beam should be at least partially absorbed in the material of the two bodies and so may preferably comprise the beam of a CO_ laser.
  • the first high energy density beam may be combined with the second high energy density beam such that the paths of the two beams are coincident, the two beams being combined upstream of any means to scan the first high energy density beam with respect to the fusible material.
  • the method may comprise the additional step of focusing the second high energy density beam at the interface of the two bodies independently of the first high energy density beam.
  • an apparatus for securing one body with respect to another comprising means for creating a high energy density beam to which at least one of the bodies is transparent and which is absorbed by fusible material provided at an interface therebetween, means for directing a high energy density beam through said at least one of the - -
  • the high energy density beam may have a power density at the fusible material of between 0.1W/mm 2 and 500 /mm 2 .
  • the means for creating the high energy density beam may comprise a particle beam source.
  • the means for creating a high energy density beam may comprise a light source and in particular may comprise a laser.
  • the laser may preferably have an operating power of within the range of 10-250W.
  • the laser may comprise a YAG laser which is operated in a continuous wave mode and pulsed with a pulse duration of upto 10 seconds.
  • this scanning means may include at least one moveable mirror disposed in the path of the high energy density beam, the moveable mirror preferably comprising a galvanometer mirror.
  • Advantageously means may be provided to focus the high energy density beam on to the fusible material.
  • the controlled cooling means may include means to heat the two bodies and the fused material.
  • this heating means may comprise a furnace or alternatively may comprise means for creating a second high energy density beam.
  • means may be provided to reduce the operating power of the second high energy density beam.
  • means may be provided to vary the extent to which the second high energy density beam is focused.
  • means may be provided to actuate the second high energy density beam to pulses of variable duration.
  • the means for creating the second high energy density beam may comprise a particle beam source.
  • the means for creating the second high energy density beam may comprise a light source and in particular may comprise a laser.
  • the laser beam should be at least partially absorbed in the material of the two bodies and so may preferably comprise the beam of a CO- laser.
  • Advantageously means nay be provided to combine the first high energy density beam with the second high energy density beam such that downstream of the combining means the paths of the two beams are coincident, the combining means being placed upstream of any means to scan the first high energy density beam with respect to the fusible material .
  • Advantageously means may be provided to control the focus of the second high energy density beam at the interface of the two bodies independent of the first high energy density beam.
  • a glass bottle having a fitment or closure also of glass, the glass fitment or closure being fixed in position with respect to the bottle by means of fused glass.
  • one or other of the fitment or closure and bottle is at least partially received within the other.
  • the bottle, fitment or closure may incorporate a non-return valve.
  • the fused glass may be integral with both the bottle and the fitment or closure.
  • the fused glass may provide a keying action which prevents the separation of the fitment or closure from the bottle.
  • the fused glass may be provided at intervals along the interface of the bottle and the fitment or closure.
  • the fused glass may constitute a frangible zone.
  • an assembly comprising two bodies having a fusible material at an interface therebetween of which only a portion has been fused, the fused portion extending between the two bodies and securing each with respect to the other.
  • one of the bodies is at least partially received within the other.
  • the fused portion may be integral with both of the bodies.
  • the fused portion may provide a keying action preventing relative movement of the two bodies in at least one direction.
  • the fused portion may constitute a plurality of fused regions distributed over the interface between the two bodies.
  • the fused portion may constitue a frangible zone.
  • one or both of the bodies may be of glass and a fusible material selected from a list comprising a glass frit, a solder glass, a silicate or an enamel in a low melting wax.
  • Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of two bodies to be secured with respect to one another having a layer of fusible material disposed therebetween;
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the two bodies of Figure 1 showing a high energy density beam impinging upon the fusible"material; ⁇
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the two bodies of Figure 1 showing the fusible material bridging a gap between the two bodies;
  • Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the two bodies of Figure 1 showing the fusible material diffusing into the two bodies
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the two bodies of Figure 1 showing the weld formed by the fusible material broken away from the two bodies at the periphery of the diffused regions;
  • Figure 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of two bodies secured with respect to each other by means of two "welds" similar to that shown in Figure 5;
  • Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the neck of a glass bottle having a glass cap secured thereto;
  • Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view of the glass bottle of Figure 7 taken along the line VIII-VIII;
  • Figure 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a glass bottle having a glass insert secured thereto;
  • Figure 10 is a schematic view of an apparatus for securing one body with respect to another;
  • Figure 11 is a schematic view of a further embodiment of an apparatus for securing one body with respect to another.
  • Figure 12 is a further embodiment of an apparatus for securing one body with respect to another.
  • FIG. 1 there is shown in sequence the various stages in the formation of a weld between two bodies 10 and 12.
  • a first of the bodies 10 is shown as being provided on an area of its surface with a layer of fusible material 14.
  • the second body 12 is spaced a short distance from the first body 10, typically 0.5mm, and in such a way that the fusible material 14 is interposed between the two.
  • a high energy density beam 16 is directed through the second body 12 to irradiate the fusible material 14 which fuses forming a molten globule is.
  • the fusible material 14 continues to be irradiated by the high energy density beam 16 the molten globule 18 grows in size drawing in further fusbile material from either side. Eventually the molten globule 18 bridges the small gap between the two bodies 10 and 12 as shown in Figure 3.
  • the high energy density beam 16 is then switched off and as the fusible material 14 cools it partially diffuses into the two bodies 10 and 12 forming diffused regions 20 and 22 as shown in Figure 4.
  • the resulting weld 24 is of sufficient strength to secure together the two bodies 10 and 12.
  • the second body 12 is of a material that does not substantially absorb the high energy density beam 16.
  • the second body 12 is of glass.
  • the high energy density beam 16 preferably comprises a beam of laser radiation produced by a Yittrium Aluminium Garnet laser (YAG laser) .
  • YAG laser produces laser radiation having a wavelength of 1.06 ⁇ m which is highly transmitted by virtually all types of glass unlike the Carbon Dioxide laser (CO. laser) which produces laser radiation having a wavelength of 10.6 ⁇ m which is highly absorbed by virtually all types of glasses.
  • CO. laser Carbon Dioxide laser
  • the first body 10 need not be so restricted in its composition. However, as before, in a preferred application of the present method the first body 10 is of glass.
  • the fusible material 14 must clearly be capable of absorbing sufficient energy from the high energy density beam 16 in order to fuse and form the molten globule 18, and in the preferred application must be capable of absorbing laser radiation having a wavelength of l.06 ⁇ m.
  • the fusible material i-i may however be capable of absorbing this energy either because of its composition or because of form, for example, in the case of the absorbtion of laser radiation, the fusible material 14 may be in the form of a powder having a multiplicity of surfaces making it highly absorbant to laser radiation.
  • the fusible material 14 should preferably also be capable of wetting the surfaces of the two bodies 10 and 12. Without this ability the molten globule 18 will form only a dry weld of insufficient strength to secure together the bodies concerned.
  • the fusible material 14 is preferably also one that has a low melting temperature. In this way it is possible to limit the energy density requirement of the high energy density beam 16.
  • the fusible material 14 is advantageously also capable of being easily applied to a first of the bodies 10.
  • the fusible material 14 is screen printed on to the desired surface in a layer 0.5mm thick while in another embodiment the fusible material 14 is applied to the first body 10 by means of a spraying operation.
  • the fusible material 14 is preferably heat cured (as distinct from being fired) prior to being irradiated by the high energy density beam 16.
  • the fusible material 14 comprises a diffused layer on a surface of the first body 10 while in yet another embodiment the fusible material 14 comprises a self supporting insert disposed between the two bodies 12 and 14.
  • the fusible material 14 prefably comprises a solder glass such as X88 or X49B .
  • the soider glass may be in the form of a frit comprising ground or powdered glass in a binder.
  • the fusible material 14 comprises a blue enamel dispersed in a low melting wax.
  • the fusible material 14 comprises a silicate.
  • the character of the high energy density beam 16 is at least partially dependant upon the composition of the second body 12. However within the constraints imposed by the composition of the second body 12 it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the high energy density beam 16 may comprise a particle beam.
  • the composition of the second body 12 at least partially determines the character of the high energy density beam 16 it is the absorbtion characteristics and melting temperature of the fusible material 14 that determines its required energy density.
  • the YAG laser of the preferred application may be operated in a contiuous wave (CW) mode as opposed to a pulsed mode.
  • the laser radiation produced by the YAG laser may require little or no focusing in order to achieve the necessary energy density.
  • a 36W CW YAG laser is used to generate a beam having a diameter of approximately 3mm by passing through a 50mm focal length lens placed some 78mm from the fusible material 14.
  • the ' resulting energy density of 5W/mm 2 has been found sufficient to raise the temperature of the solder glass to a point at which it may fuse, wet the surfaces of the two bodies 10 and 12 and form the desired weld all within a pulse duration of about l second.
  • the problem of cracking can be overcome completely by controlling the rate at which the weld 24 and the two bodies 10 and 12 cool once the high energy density beam 16 has been removed. It has been found that so long as the cooling rate is controlled through a critical annealing range it does not matter how rapidly the weld 24 and the two bodies 10 and 12 are cooled outside this range.
  • the welding of the two bodies 10 and 12 may take place within a furnace operating at a temperature above the upper limit of the annealing range.
  • a high energy density beam 16 is directed through one of the bodies 12 to irradiate the fusible material 14.
  • the temperature of the furnace may be gradually reduced until it is below the lower limit of the annealing range.
  • the two bodies 10 and 12 may be removed from the furnace and allowed to cool still further by some other mechanism.
  • the weld 24 and the two bodies 10 and 12 may be impinged by a second high energy density beam in addition to that which causes the fusing of the fusible material 14.
  • the second high energy density beam like the furnace of the previous arrangement, would serve to supply heat to the weld 24 and the two bodies 10 and 12 so as to control the rate at which they would otherwise cool through the annealing range.
  • the second high energy density beam must be one that is at least partially absorbed in glass.
  • the second high energy density beam may comprise a particle beam in a preferred embodiment the second high energy density beam comprises a beam of laser radiation produced by a CO_ laser operating at a wavelength of 10.6 m. By defocusing the beam so as to have a diameter of approximately 10mm heat may be supplied to the whole of the area surrounding the weld 24.
  • the first high energy density beam may be reduced by either reducing the power of the C0_ laser or defocusing the beam still further.
  • the C0_ laser may be actuated for progressively decreasing pulse durations.
  • the second high energy density beam may also be switched off.
  • secondary heat sources such as the furnace and CO_ laser described, is that less heat need be generated by the first high energy density beam 16. This in turn can be translated into a shorter pulse length, a reduction in the power requirement of the YAG laser or a negation of the requirement to focus the beam.
  • the cracking of the weld 24 may be used to advantage.
  • the cracking results in the formation of a spigot whose opposite ends 20 and 22 are received within one of a respective pair of recesses 26 or 28 formed in the opposing surfaces of the two bodies 10 and 12.
  • the spigot consequently has a keying or wedge-like action which, depending on the configuration of the two bodies 10 and 12 and on the number and configuration of other "welds" 24, may be sufficient to secure together the bodies concerned.
  • This method of securing two bodies together is particularly advantageous when one of the bodies 10 is received within the other 12 as shown in Figure 6.
  • the provision of one or more "welds" 24 between pairs of diametrically opposed surfaces is sufficient to secure the two bodies together.
  • a glass cap 30 may be "welded" to the neck 32 of a glass bottle 34.
  • the cap 30 may comprise a generally circular disc 36 of sufficient size to overlie a mouth 38 of the bottle 34 having a central bore 41 and a depending skirt 40 capable of receiving the neck 32.
  • the bottle 34 on the other hand may be provided on an external surface of the neck 32 with a " screen printed layer 44 of the solder glass X88.
  • the glass cap 30 may be placed over the mouth 38 taking care not to scratch the screen printed layer 44 with the depending skirt 40. This is made easier by the partial curing of the screen printed layer prior to filling of the bottle 34.
  • a beam of a partially focused YAG laser is then directed through the depending skirt 40 of the cap 30 to irradiate a small area of the screen printed layer 44.
  • the laser radiation has substantially no effect on the material of the cap 30 but is highly absorbed by the solder glass.
  • the solder glass fuses forming a molten globule that first wets the opposed surfaces of the neck 32 and the depending skirt 40 before then bridging the gap between the two and forming a weld 48.
  • the laser is switched off and the cap 30, the bottle 34 and the weld 48 all begin to cool during which time the solder glass diffuses into both the neck 32 and the depending skirt 40.
  • stresses are set up in the material of both the cap 30 and the bottle 34 which eventually results in the fracturing of the weld 48 at the periphery of the regions in both the neck 32 and the depending skirt 40 in which the solder glass has diffused.
  • the cap and bottle 30 and 34 are rotated with respect to the laser and the process repeated irradiating another small area of the screen printed layer 44 and forming a second weld 48 which again is allowed to fracture once the laser has been switched off.
  • the cap 30 need not be secured to the bottle 34 by means of a plurality of "spot welds" but may be secured by means of an elongate weld should the laser beam be scanned at an appropriate rate around the screen printed layer 44.
  • spot welds provide a frangible zone that will break if tampered with and so provide evidence of mishandling.
  • an elongate weld would result in a cap that could rotate with respect to the bottle. Such a cap may be used to mechanically stress the neck of the bottle and so be eased off.
  • a glass plug 50 may be "welded" in position within the neck 52 of a second glass bottle 54.
  • the bottle 54 is provided with an annular flange 56 that projects from an inner surface of the neck 52.
  • the glass plug 50 on the other hand is provided with a central bore 58 and is so sized as to be capable of being received within the neck 52 and engaging the annular flange 56.
  • An external surface of the plug 50 is provided with a layer 62 of the solder glass X49B .
  • the glass plug 50 is inserted into the neck 52 so that it abuts the annular flange 56.
  • care is taken not to scratch the layer 62 upon insertion of the plug 50 although this layer 62 may be made more robust by being partially cured prior to the filling of the bottle 54.
  • a beam from a partially focsed YAG laser is then directed through the neck 52 to irradiate a small spot on the layer of solder glass 62. As before the laser radiation has substantially no affect on the material through which it is directed but is highly absorbed by the solder glass.
  • the solder glass fuses and forms a molten globule before then wetting the opposed surfaces this time of the plug 50 and the neck 52 and bridging the gap between the two to form a " weld 64.
  • the laser is switched off and the plug 50, the bottle 54 and the weld 64 are allowed to cool during which time the solder glass diffuses into both the plug 50 and neck 52.
  • the weld 64 cracks leaving a spigot of solder glass to retain the plug 50 within the neck 52.
  • the process may be repeated to provide a plurality of "spot welds" between the plug 50 and the bottle 54. As before this provides a way in which a plug 50 may be fixed in the neck of a filled bottle.
  • an apparatus for securing two bodies together may be seen in Figure 10 to comprise means 66 for creating a high energy density beam 68 to which at least one of the bodies 70 or 72 is transparent and which is absorbed by a fusible material 74 interposed between the two, and means 76 for directing the high energy density beam 68 through said at least one of the bodies 70 to irradiate the fusible material 74 and cause the fusible material to fuse and join the two bodies 70 and 72.
  • the means 66 for creating the high energy density beam 68 may comprise a particle beam source, however in the embodiment shown the means 66 for creating the high energy density beam 68 comprises a laser. If the body 70 through which the beam 68 is directed is of glass the laser 66 preferably comprises a YAG laser although clearly if this body 70 is not of glass an alternative laser 66 may be more appropriate. Assuming the two bodies to be secured together 70 and 72 are of glass the laser 66 preferably has a power within the range from 10 to 250 Watts and operates in CW mode for a pulse duration of up to 10 seconds.
  • the means 76 for directing the high energy density beam 68 through said at least one of the bodies 70 may comprise one or more mirrors 78 and in particular may comprise at least one moveable mirror 80.
  • the provision of a moveable mirror 80 within the path of the high energy density beam 68 enables the apparatus to adjust for any misalignment between the bodies to be secured and the means 66 for creating the high energy density beam 68 whilst at the same time enabling the creation of an elongate weld should this be desired.
  • the at least one moveable mirror 80 may comprise a galvanometer mirror.
  • any suitable means may be provided to control the movement of the moveable mirror 80, such as the use of a servo motor or a manual joystick, the use of a galvanometer mirror combines a speed of response with an ease of control that represents a significant advantage over alternative control means.
  • the high energy density beam 68 may pass through a focusing means 82 before impinging upon the fusible material 74 in which case the focusing means 82 may comprise at least one lens element 84.
  • the degree to which the high energy density beam 68 is focused provides a means of controlling its power density.
  • the power density required to cause a typical fusible material 74 to fuse may be in the range from 0.1W/mm 2 to 500W/mm 2 and so a laser 66 having a power within the preferred range may require little or no focusing.
  • 70 and 72 may be housed within a furnace 86 as shown in Figure 11.
  • the furnace 86 may be of sufficient size to enclose not only the two bodies 70 and 72 but also the means 66 for creating the high energy density beam 68 and the means 76 for directing the high energy density beam 68 through said at least one of the bodies 70.
  • the means 66 for creating the high energy density beam 68 and the means 76 for directing the high energy density beam 68 are disposed externally of the furnace 86 and the furnace 86 provided with either an opening or a transparent window 88 to allow the high energy density beam 68 to irradiate the fusible material 74 interposed between the two bodies 70 and 72.
  • the furnace 86 is preferably provided with means 90 to monitor and control the temperature of the two bodies 70 and 72 as they pass through the annealing range.
  • this second high energy density beam source 92 preferably comprises a CO, laser whose resulting radiation 94 is directed so as to irradiate the area of the two bodies 70 and 72 immediately surrounding the weld produced as a result of the first high energy density beam 68.
  • the two high energy density beams 68 and 94 are superimposed using a beam combiner 96 upstream of the means 76 for directing the first high energy density beam 68. In this way the radiation 94 emitted by the CO. laser 92 may be constrained to follow the path of the first high energy density beam 68 irrespective of any deflections caused by the mirror 78 or 80.
  • the radiation 94 emitted by the C0 2 laser 92 passes through an independent focusing means 98 before impinging upon the beam combiner 96.
  • the energy density of the second high energy density beam 94 may be controlled independently of the first 68 in order to provide a change in its heating effect.
  • means 100 are provided to monitor and control the temperature of the two bodies 70 and 72 as they pass through the annealing range.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Containers Having Bodies Formed In One Piece (AREA)
  • Laser Beam Processing (AREA)

Abstract

On décrit un procédé de fixation d'un corps (12) par rapport à un autre (10) consistant à ménager un matériau fusible (14) à l'interface de deux corps (12, 10), à diriger un faisceau à densité d'énergie élevée (16) dans un premier corps (12) sans pratiquement susciter de changement notable dans la majeure partie de celui-ci, et à irradier le matériau fusible (14) avec le faisceau à densité d'énergie élevée (16) de façon à ce que le matériau fusible (14) fonde et fixe les deux corps (12, 10) l'un par rapport à l'autre. On décrit notamment un procédé de fixation de garniture en verre ou fermeture par rapport à une bouteille de verre. On décrit également un dispositif de fixation d'un corps par rapport à un autre comportant des moyens créant un faisceau à densité d'énergie élevée auquel au moins un des corps est transparent, et ce faisceau est absorbé par le matériau fusible situé à l'interface des deux corps; ce dispositif comprend également des moyens pour diriger les faisceaux à densité d'énergie élevée à travers au moins un des corps de façon à irradier le matériau fusible et à le faire fondre pour relier les deux corps, ainsi que des moyens pour contrôler la vitesse de refroidissement des deux corps et du matériau fondu. On décrit d'autre part un ensemble comprenant deux corps pourvus d'un matériau fusible à leur interface dont une partie seulement a été fondue. La partie fondue s'étend entre les deux corps et les fixe l'un par rapport à l'autre. On décrit en particulier une bouteille de verre pourvue d'une garniture ou fermeture également en verre, cette garniture en verre ou fermeture étant fixée par rapport à la bouteille au moyen de verre fondu.
PCT/GB1992/002301 1991-12-12 1992-12-11 Procede et appareil de fixation d'un corps par rapport a un autre WO1993012049A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9410716A GB2276377A (en) 1991-12-12 1994-05-27 Method and apparatus for securing one body with respect to another

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB919126370A GB9126370D0 (en) 1991-12-12 1991-12-12 Securing of bodies
GB9126370.7 1991-12-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1993012049A1 true WO1993012049A1 (fr) 1993-06-24

Family

ID=10706118

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1992/002301 WO1993012049A1 (fr) 1991-12-12 1992-12-11 Procede et appareil de fixation d'un corps par rapport a un autre

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AU (1) AU3092192A (fr)
GB (2) GB9126370D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1993012049A1 (fr)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0610556A1 (fr) * 1993-02-09 1994-08-17 Rutgers, The State University Procédé pour l'émaillage localisé de la surface d'objets en céramique
EP1046620A3 (fr) * 1999-04-23 2001-05-02 Institut für Angewandte Photovoltaik Méthode de soudage de surfaces de matériaux
US6960027B1 (en) 1999-04-28 2005-11-01 Tyco Electronics Logistics Ag Method of fixing a ferrule to an optical waveguide
US6998776B2 (en) 2003-04-16 2006-02-14 Corning Incorporated Glass package that is hermetically sealed with a frit and method of fabrication
FR2876083A1 (fr) * 2004-10-06 2006-04-07 Shiseido Internat France Soc P Flacon en verre et procede de fabrication d'un tel flacon.
US7344901B2 (en) 2003-04-16 2008-03-18 Corning Incorporated Hermetically sealed package and method of fabricating of a hermetically sealed package
US7537504B2 (en) 2005-12-06 2009-05-26 Corning Incorporated Method of encapsulating a display element with frit wall and laser beam
US7597603B2 (en) 2005-12-06 2009-10-06 Corning Incorporated Method of encapsulating a display element
US8448468B2 (en) 2008-06-11 2013-05-28 Corning Incorporated Mask and method for sealing a glass envelope
US8823163B2 (en) 2012-08-30 2014-09-02 Corning Incorporated Antimony-free glass, antimony-free frit and a glass package that is hermetically sealed with the frit
US20150079148A1 (en) * 2012-04-18 2015-03-19 Drexel University Thixotropic Processing of Magnesium Composites with a Nanoparticles-Haloed Grain Structure for Biomedical Implant Applications

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3120433A (en) * 1960-02-05 1964-02-04 Owens Illinois Glass Co Method of joining glass components by radiant energy
GB2019387A (en) * 1978-04-15 1979-10-31 Plessey Co Ltd Methods of and apparatus for joining glass objects
WO1989005209A1 (fr) * 1987-12-02 1989-06-15 Otic Fischer & Porter S.A. Procede de soudage au moyen d'un faisceau laser, notamment applicable au soudage de pieces en verre

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS58104047A (ja) * 1981-12-14 1983-06-21 Nec Corp ガラスの溶着方法
JPS63129209A (ja) * 1986-11-18 1988-06-01 Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd 流動層ボイラ−灰の利用法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3120433A (en) * 1960-02-05 1964-02-04 Owens Illinois Glass Co Method of joining glass components by radiant energy
GB2019387A (en) * 1978-04-15 1979-10-31 Plessey Co Ltd Methods of and apparatus for joining glass objects
WO1989005209A1 (fr) * 1987-12-02 1989-06-15 Otic Fischer & Porter S.A. Procede de soudage au moyen d'un faisceau laser, notamment applicable au soudage de pieces en verre

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS, vol. 109, no. 22, 28 November 1988, Columbus, Ohio, US; abstract no. 195897x, page 362 ; & JP,A,63 129 045 (TOSHIBA CORP.) 1 June 1988 *
DATABASE WPIL Section Ch, Week 8330, 1983 Derwent Publications Ltd., London, GB; Class L, AN 83-720701; & JP,A,58 104 047 (NIPPON ELECTRIC K.K.) 21 June 1983 *

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5427825A (en) * 1993-02-09 1995-06-27 Rutgers, The State University Localized surface glazing of ceramic articles
US5595583A (en) * 1993-02-09 1997-01-21 Rutgers, The State University Apparatus for localized surface glazing of ceramic articles
EP0610556A1 (fr) * 1993-02-09 1994-08-17 Rutgers, The State University Procédé pour l'émaillage localisé de la surface d'objets en céramique
EP1046620A3 (fr) * 1999-04-23 2001-05-02 Institut für Angewandte Photovoltaik Méthode de soudage de surfaces de matériaux
JP2002053348A (ja) * 1999-04-23 2002-02-19 Inst Fuer Angewandte Photovoltaik Gmbh 材料の表面を溶接する方法
US6960027B1 (en) 1999-04-28 2005-11-01 Tyco Electronics Logistics Ag Method of fixing a ferrule to an optical waveguide
US7407423B2 (en) 2003-04-16 2008-08-05 Corning Incorporated Glass package that is hermetically sealed with a frit and method of fabrication
US6998776B2 (en) 2003-04-16 2006-02-14 Corning Incorporated Glass package that is hermetically sealed with a frit and method of fabrication
US7602121B2 (en) 2003-04-16 2009-10-13 Corning Incorporated Glass package that is hermetically sealed with a frit and method of fabrication
US7344901B2 (en) 2003-04-16 2008-03-18 Corning Incorporated Hermetically sealed package and method of fabricating of a hermetically sealed package
WO2006037889A1 (fr) * 2004-10-06 2006-04-13 Shiseido International France Flacon en verre et procede de fabrication d'un tel flacon
FR2876083A1 (fr) * 2004-10-06 2006-04-07 Shiseido Internat France Soc P Flacon en verre et procede de fabrication d'un tel flacon.
US7537504B2 (en) 2005-12-06 2009-05-26 Corning Incorporated Method of encapsulating a display element with frit wall and laser beam
US7597603B2 (en) 2005-12-06 2009-10-06 Corning Incorporated Method of encapsulating a display element
EP1958228A4 (fr) * 2005-12-06 2010-07-07 Corning Inc Procede pour realiser une enveloppe de verre
US8448468B2 (en) 2008-06-11 2013-05-28 Corning Incorporated Mask and method for sealing a glass envelope
US9399594B2 (en) 2008-06-11 2016-07-26 Corning Incorporated Mask and method for sealing a glass envelope
US20150079148A1 (en) * 2012-04-18 2015-03-19 Drexel University Thixotropic Processing of Magnesium Composites with a Nanoparticles-Haloed Grain Structure for Biomedical Implant Applications
US8823163B2 (en) 2012-08-30 2014-09-02 Corning Incorporated Antimony-free glass, antimony-free frit and a glass package that is hermetically sealed with the frit

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU3092192A (en) 1993-07-19
GB9126370D0 (en) 1992-02-12
GB2276377A (en) 1994-09-28
GB9410716D0 (en) 1994-07-20

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO1993012049A1 (fr) Procede et appareil de fixation d'un corps par rapport a un autre
US8490430B2 (en) Process for fusing glass
Bachmann et al. Laser welding of polymers using high-power diode lasers
US6501044B1 (en) Method for welding the surfaces of materials
US10280108B2 (en) Device and method for cutting out contours from planar substrates by means of laser
JPS60214931A (ja) 異種合成樹脂材料の接合方法
CN106232283A (zh) 使用不同波长和/或脉冲持续时间的多个激光束的多光束激光加工
JPH0951016A (ja) 回路モジュールの製造方法
JP2000218698A (ja) レ―ザ―による樹脂の接合方法及びその装置
US6103988A (en) Apparatus and method for bonding optical elements by non-contact soldering
US11573379B2 (en) Laser welding of optical fibers in perforated elements and associated optical elements
JP3515003B2 (ja) レーザ融着方法
CN113227001A (zh) 用于借助于ukp激光射束对接焊接两个工件的方法以及所属的光学元件
US20200030917A1 (en) Separation and release of laser-processed brittle material
CA2371417A1 (fr) Composants de soudage par laser a un micro-banc optique
US5275328A (en) Methods of joining components
JP2002336983A (ja) 異種金属の接合方法
CN114556163A (zh) 结合基材以及通过结合部分离所结合的基材的一部分的方法，例如制造液体透镜阵列以及将阵列分离为独立的液体透镜
GB2259882A (en) Apparatus and method for laser joining of superconducting tapes
KR20240031412A (ko) 적어도 2개의 접합 파트너를 접합하기 위한 방법
JP6584796B2 (ja) 接合方法と接合装置、及び接合体
JP2004026585A (ja) 板ガラスの接合方法および矩形ガラス枠の製造方法
JPS6244429A (ja) 合成樹脂材料の接合方法
JP2585653B2 (ja) セラミックスの接合方法
Bachmann et al. Laser welding of polymers using high-power diode lasers

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AU CA GB JP US

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IE IT LU MC NL PT SE

DFPE Request for preliminary examination filed prior to expiration of 19th month from priority date (pct application filed before 20040101)
122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase
NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: CA