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WO1993009947A1 - Lightweight sandwich panel - Google Patents

Lightweight sandwich panel Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1993009947A1
WO1993009947A1 PCT/DE1992/000953 DE9200953W WO9309947A1 WO 1993009947 A1 WO1993009947 A1 WO 1993009947A1 DE 9200953 W DE9200953 W DE 9200953W WO 9309947 A1 WO9309947 A1 WO 9309947A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
cover layers
sandwich
light
core
light sandwich
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1992/000953
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Frank Möller
Original Assignee
Moeller Frank
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Moeller Frank filed Critical Moeller Frank
Publication of WO1993009947A1 publication Critical patent/WO1993009947A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
    • B32B3/18—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by an internal layer formed of separate pieces of material which are juxtaposed side-by-side
    • B32B3/20—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by an internal layer formed of separate pieces of material which are juxtaposed side-by-side of hollow pieces, e.g. tubes; of pieces with channels or cavities
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/04—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B21/042—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of wood
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B21/00—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board
    • B32B21/14—Layered products comprising a layer of wood, e.g. wood board, veneer, wood particle board comprising wood board or veneer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/02—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising animal or vegetable substances, e.g. cork, bamboo, starch
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/042—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of wood
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/16—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products of fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
    • E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
    • E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
    • E04C2/10—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products
    • E04C2/24—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of wood, fibres, chips, vegetable stems, or the like; of plastics; of foamed products laminated and composed of materials covered by two or more of groups E04C2/12, E04C2/16, E04C2/20
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2317/00—Animal or vegetable based

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a light sandwich panel with two cover layers and a core arranged between them according to the preamble of the main claim.
  • Sandwich constructions are mostly used in the aerospace industry. Common materials for the top layers of sandwich components are fiber-reinforced plastics (GFK, CFK, AFK) aluminum and tropical woods. Plastic hard foams, aramid honeycomb cores, aluminum honeycomb cores, plastic tube cores and balsa wood are used for the sandwich core. Sandwich core and top layers are mostly glued with synthetic resins.
  • the lightest sandwich constructions used so far consist of cover layers made of fiber-reinforced Plastics (epoxy resin matrix) and phenolic resin-soaked aramid honeycomb core (“Honeycomb") in between. There are also various reinforcement fabrics such as glass, aramid and carbon fibers.
  • the all-plastic sandwich construction with outer layers made of fiber-reinforced plastics and rigid foam cores predominates.
  • PVC, PE, PUR, PM1 and PMI rigid foams are used as the core material.
  • These highly crosslinked rigid foams are foamed in blocks and then sawn into plate-shaped core materials.
  • Glass fiber reinforced plastics with an epoxy or polyester resin matrix are generally used as cover layer materials.
  • the resin systems are both cold and warm curing.
  • the core foam is bonded to the cover layer material under pressure and with thermosetting resin systems additionally with temperature (Tarann and Budesku, 1981, and Yang and Chenn, 1991).
  • DE OS 31 00094 discloses a sandwich component with two cover layers made of metal, plywood or fiber-reinforced materials.
  • a support core made of balsa wood blocks is arranged in between.
  • the balsa wood blocks are cuboid or cube-shaped in order to be able to easily adapt to the bending radius of the curved sandwich component.
  • DE PS 30 35 323 a component made of several layers of offset and glued together wide strips of vegetable material is known.
  • the vegetable layers consist of continuous bamboo strips, the strips of one layer being arranged parallel to one another and the strips of adjacent layers being at a predetermined angle to one another. This arrangement of the strips is aimed at increasing the possible forces to be absorbed.
  • DE 3720371 C2 describes a sandwich building board intended for the interior lining of aircraft.
  • a honeycomb core with a foam filling between two cover layers.
  • the cover layers are made of fiber-reinforced plastic.
  • the foam filling consists of melamine foam.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a light, particularly inexpensive sandwich panel which has increased strength properties compared to conventional sandwich panels, is particularly light and at the same time permits environmentally friendly production and disposal.
  • the light sandwich panel according to the invention consists of two cover layers, between which there is a core formed by hollow plant stems arranged parallel to one another and at right angles to the cover layers. Since the core consists of a natural product, there are no disposal problems with the disposal of such panels, provided that the cover layers also consist of natural materials. The disposal of such sandwich panels is environmentally friendly.
  • the arrangement of hollow plant stems in such a way that they are perpendicular to the two cover layers means that the strength of the hollow plant stems is optimally utilized and such a plate is practically not compressible.
  • the light sandwich plate according to the invention has a high flexural strength, flexural strength and compressive strength. The high compressive strength is achieved by the force of the mutually supporting stems acting in the direction of the fibers.
  • cover layers can be used due to the light core with the same total weight. If wood or wood-based materials are also provided as cover layers, these are considerably lighter than plastic cover layers. As a result, they can also have a correspondingly greater thickness, which, as already explained above, contributes to increasing the strength of the entire plate.
  • the individual plant stalks which can either be packed tightly or spaced apart from one another between the cover layers, remain firmly connected to the cover layers, they are expediently glued to the cover layers.
  • gluing is only necessary on the contact surface with the cover layers: the capillary action causes the adhesive material to pull up on the cell walls, so that a fillet weld is formed and thus additionally strengthens the positioning of the individual armatures.
  • the flexural strength increases with a tight packing of the plant stems. If the plant stems are loosely arranged side by side, the bending strength decreases. If a particularly high bending strength of the sandwich panel is to be achieved, the individual plant stems can be glued to one another over their entire length.
  • the tensile strength and the rigidity of the plate according to the invention are independent of the packing density of the individual plant stems.
  • cover layers consist of wood or wood-based material.
  • a sandwich panel is made exclusively from natural materials, which means that neither environmental problems arise during manufacture nor during disposal.
  • plywood or wood veneer is used as the top layer. These materials show high strength, so that particularly thin cover layers can be used.
  • the core of the sandwich panel consists of straw. Straw has a very high strength in relation to its weight. However, bamboo stalks, Miskanthus stalks, papyrus and similar grasses or grass-like plants can also be used. Of course, these saucers are dried, i.e. stiff condition used.
  • the spatial density of such a sandwich panel according to the invention is approximately 0.15 g / cm.
  • the light sandwich plate according to the invention can also have a curved shape.
  • the manufacturing process of such a plate is just as simple as the manufacturing process of a plate with a two-dimensional expansion without spatial training.
  • the light sandwich panel according to the invention is shown in the drawings and explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the light sandwich panel, partially cut away.
  • FIG. 2 detail Z in an enlarged schematic representation.
  • the light sandwich panel has an upper cover layer 1, a lower cover layer 2 and a core arranged between them, formed by grass stems 3 formed parallel to one another and perpendicular to the two cover layers 1, 2.
  • the upper and lower cover layers 1, 2 are made of wood.
  • the hollow grass stems 3 are arranged at right angles to the two cover layers 1, 2.
  • the grass stems 3 are tightly packed. They are connected to the cover layers 1, 2 by gluing.
  • An adhesive layer 4 was applied to the upper and lower cover layers 1, 2.
  • Fig. 2 can be seen how the adhesive 4 is drawn into the spaces between the individual grass stems 3, so that not only a connection of the grass stems 3 to the cover layers 1, 2, but also an additional positioning of the individual grass stems in their perpendicular position to the cover layers 1, 2.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

Disclosed is a lightweight sandwich panel with two skin layers (1, 2) and a core layer. The core layer is between the skin layers and firmly attached to them. It is proposed that the core layer should be formed from parallel hollow plant stems (3) fixed perpendicularly to the skin layers.

Description

Leichte Sandwichplatte Light sandwich plate
Die Erfindung betrifft eine leichte Sandwichplatte mit zwei Decklagen und einem zwi¬ schen diesen angeordneten Kern gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Hauptanspruches.The invention relates to a light sandwich panel with two cover layers and a core arranged between them according to the preamble of the main claim.
Sandwichkonstruktionen werden meistens in der Luft- und Raumfahrt eingesetzt. Übliche Werkstoffe für die Decklagen von Sandwichbauteilen sind dabei faserverstärkte Kunststoffe (GFK, CFK, AFK) Aluminium und Tropenhölzer. Für den Sandwichkem werden Kunststoffhartschäume, Aramidwabenkerne, Aluminiumwa¬ benkerne, Tubuskerne aus Kunststoffen sowie Balsaholz eingesetzt. Sandwichkern und Decklagen werden meist mit Kunstharzen verklebt. Die leichtesten, bisher ver¬ wendeten Sandwichkonstruktionen, bestehen aus Decklagen aus faserverstärkten Kunststoffen (Epoxidharzmatrix) und dazwischenliegenden phenolharzgetränkten Aramidwabenkemen ("Honeycomb"). Hierzu kommen verschiedene Verstärkungsgewebe wie Glas-, Aramid- und Kohlefaser. In der Fahrzeug- und Kli¬ matechnik überwiegt die Vollkunststoffsandwichbauweise mit Deckschichten aus faserverstärkten Kunststoffen und Hartschaumkernen. Als Kernstoff dienen PVC, PE, PUR, PM1 und PMI- Hartschäume. Diese hochvernetzten Hartschäume werden in Blöcken geschäumt und anschließend zu plattenförmigen Kernstoffen zersägt. Als Decklagenwerkstoffe werden In der Regel glasfaserverstärkte Kunststoffe mit Epoxid- oder Polyesterharzmatrix verwendet. Die Harzsysteme sind sowohl kalt als auch warm aushärtend. Die Verklebung des Kernschaumes mit dem Decklagenwerkstoff erfolgt unter Druck und be warmaushärtenden Harzsystemen zusätzlich mit Tempe¬ ratur (Tarann und Budesku, 1981, und Yang und Chenn, 1991).Sandwich constructions are mostly used in the aerospace industry. Common materials for the top layers of sandwich components are fiber-reinforced plastics (GFK, CFK, AFK) aluminum and tropical woods. Plastic hard foams, aramid honeycomb cores, aluminum honeycomb cores, plastic tube cores and balsa wood are used for the sandwich core. Sandwich core and top layers are mostly glued with synthetic resins. The lightest sandwich constructions used so far consist of cover layers made of fiber-reinforced Plastics (epoxy resin matrix) and phenolic resin-soaked aramid honeycomb core ("Honeycomb") in between. There are also various reinforcement fabrics such as glass, aramid and carbon fibers. In vehicle and climate technology, the all-plastic sandwich construction with outer layers made of fiber-reinforced plastics and rigid foam cores predominates. PVC, PE, PUR, PM1 and PMI rigid foams are used as the core material. These highly crosslinked rigid foams are foamed in blocks and then sawn into plate-shaped core materials. Glass fiber reinforced plastics with an epoxy or polyester resin matrix are generally used as cover layer materials. The resin systems are both cold and warm curing. The core foam is bonded to the cover layer material under pressure and with thermosetting resin systems additionally with temperature (Tarann and Budesku, 1981, and Yang and Chenn, 1991).
Alle diese Stoffe verbrauchen bei ihrer Produktion erhebliche Energiemengen und setzen bei der Verarbeitung Schadstoffe frei. Die Entsorgung derartiger Bauteile nach Gebrauch ist ebenfalls problematisch, ein Recycling ist nicht möglich. Ein großer an¬ wendungstechnischer Nachteil bei Sandwichbauteilen mit Kunststoff- oder Alumini¬ umdeckschichten besteht außerdem in der geringen Druckfestigkeit der Sandwichplatte bei punktueller, rechtwinklig zur Plattenoberfiäche wirkenden Druck¬ kraft. Die aus Gewichtsgründen dünn gehaltenen Deckschichten können leicht eingedrückt werden. Bei der im Bootsbau üblichen Tropenholzsandwichbauweise werden zum Verkleben und Versiegeln des Balsaholzkernes erhebliche Mengen Epo¬ xidharz verwendet. Auch hier sind Verarbeitung und Entsorgung problematisch und wenig umweltverträglich.All of these substances consume considerable amounts of energy in their production and release pollutants during processing. The disposal of such components after use is also problematic, recycling is not possible. A major technical disadvantage in the case of sandwich components with plastic or aluminum cover layers is also the low compressive strength of the sandwich panel with punctual compressive force acting at right angles to the panel surface. The cover layers, which are kept thin for reasons of weight, can be pressed in easily. In the tropical wood sandwich construction customary in boat building, considerable amounts of epoxy resin are used to glue and seal the balsa wood core. Here too, processing and disposal are problematic and not very environmentally friendly.
Aus der DE OS 31 00094 ist ein Sandwichbauelement bekannt mit zwei aus Metall, Sperrholz oder faserverstärkten Werkstoffen bestehenden Deckschichten. Dazwi¬ schen ist ein Stützkern aus Balsaholz-Klötzchen angeordnet. Die Balsaholzklötzchen sind quader- oder würfelförmig ausgebildet, um sich leicht dem Biegeradius des gewölbten Sandwichbauelementes anpassen zu können. Daneben ist aus der DE PS 30 35 323 ein Bauelement aus mehreren Schichten versetzter und miteinander verleimter breiter Streifen aus pflanzlichem Material be¬ kannt. Die pflanzlichen Schichten bestehen aus durchgehenden Bambusstreifen, wobei die Streifen einer Schicht parallel zueinander angeordnet sind und die Streifen benachbarter Schichten in einem vorgegebenen Winkel zueinander verlaufen. Durch diese Anordnung der Streifen wird eine Erhöhung der möglichen aufzunehmenden Kräfte angestrebt.DE OS 31 00094 discloses a sandwich component with two cover layers made of metal, plywood or fiber-reinforced materials. A support core made of balsa wood blocks is arranged in between. The balsa wood blocks are cuboid or cube-shaped in order to be able to easily adapt to the bending radius of the curved sandwich component. In addition, from DE PS 30 35 323 a component made of several layers of offset and glued together wide strips of vegetable material is known. The vegetable layers consist of continuous bamboo strips, the strips of one layer being arranged parallel to one another and the strips of adjacent layers being at a predetermined angle to one another. This arrangement of the strips is aimed at increasing the possible forces to be absorbed.
Aus der DE 3720371 C2 ist eine für Innenverkleidungen von Flugzeugen bestimmte Sandwichbauplatte beschrieben. Dabei befindet sich zwischen zwei Deckschichten ein Wabenkern mit einer Schaumstoffüllung. Die Deckschichten bestehen, wie der Wabenkern, aus faserverstärktem Kunststoff. Die Schaumstoffüllung besteht aus Me- laminschaum.DE 3720371 C2 describes a sandwich building board intended for the interior lining of aircraft. There is a honeycomb core with a foam filling between two cover layers. Like the honeycomb core, the cover layers are made of fiber-reinforced plastic. The foam filling consists of melamine foam.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, eine leichte, besonders kostengünstige Sandwichplatte anzugeben, welche gegenüber herkömmlichen Sandwichplatten erhöhte Festigkeitseigenschaften aufweist, besonders leicht ist und gleichzeitig eine umweltfreundliche Herstellung und Entsorgung erlaubt.The object of the present invention is to provide a light, particularly inexpensive sandwich panel which has increased strength properties compared to conventional sandwich panels, is particularly light and at the same time permits environmentally friendly production and disposal.
Diese Aufgabe ist durch den im Anspruch 1 angegebenen Gegenstand gelöst. Unteranprüche stellen vorteilhafte Weiterbildungen dar.This object is achieved by the subject matter specified in claim 1. Sub-claims represent advantageous developments.
Die erfindungsgemäße leichte Sandwichplatte besteht aus zwei Decklagen, zwischen denen sich ein durch parallel zueinander und rechtwinklig zu den Decklagen angeord¬ nete hohle Pflanzenstiele gebildeter Kern befindet. Da der Kern aus einem Naturpro¬ dukt besteht, treten bei der Entsorgung derartiger Platten, vorausgesetzt, daß die Decklagen ebenfalls aus Naturstoffen bestehen, keine Entsorgungsprobleme auf. Die Entsorgung derartiger Sandwichplatten ist umweltfreundlich. Durch die Anordnung von hohlen Pflanzenstielen derart, daß sie senkrecht auf die beiden Decklagen ste¬ hen, ist die Festigkeit der hohlen RIanzenstiele optimal ausgenutzt und eine derartige Platte ist praktisch nicht zusammendrückbar. Die erfindungsgemäße leichte Sand¬ wichplatte weist eine hohe Biegefestigkeit, Biegesteifigkeit und Druckfestigkeit auf. Die hohe Druckfestigkeit ist durch die in Faserrichtung wirkende Kraft der sich gegen¬ seitig stützenden Stiele erreicht. Außerdem können durch den leichten Kern bei glei¬ chem Gesamtgewicht dickere Decklagen eingesetzt werden. Sind außerdem als Decklagen Holz bzw. Holzwerkstoffe vorgesehen, so sind diese, verglichen mit Kunststoffdecklagen, wesentlich leichter. Dadurch können sie auch eine entspre¬ chend höhere Dicke aufweisen, was, wie oben bereits ausgeführt, zur Steigerung der Festigkeit der gesamten Platte beiträgt.The light sandwich panel according to the invention consists of two cover layers, between which there is a core formed by hollow plant stems arranged parallel to one another and at right angles to the cover layers. Since the core consists of a natural product, there are no disposal problems with the disposal of such panels, provided that the cover layers also consist of natural materials. The disposal of such sandwich panels is environmentally friendly. The arrangement of hollow plant stems in such a way that they are perpendicular to the two cover layers means that the strength of the hollow plant stems is optimally utilized and such a plate is practically not compressible. The light sandwich plate according to the invention has a high flexural strength, flexural strength and compressive strength. The high compressive strength is achieved by the force of the mutually supporting stems acting in the direction of the fibers. In addition, thicker cover layers can be used due to the light core with the same total weight. If wood or wood-based materials are also provided as cover layers, these are considerably lighter than plastic cover layers. As a result, they can also have a correspondingly greater thickness, which, as already explained above, contributes to increasing the strength of the entire plate.
Damit die einzelnen Pfianzenstiele, welche entweder dicht gepackt oder mit Abständen zueinander zwischen den Decklagen angeordnet sein können, mit den Decklagen fest verbunden bleiben, werden sie zweckmäßigerweise mit den Deckla¬ gen verklebt. Dabei ist eine Beleimung nur an der Berührungsfläche zu den Deckla¬ gen notwendig: Durch die Kapillarwirkung zieht sich das Klebematerial an den Zellwänden hoch, so daß sich eine Kehlnaht ausbildet und so zusätzlich die Positio¬ nierung der einzelnen RIanzenstiele verfestigt. Mit einer dichten Packung der Pflan¬ zenstiele nimmt die Biegefestigkeit zu. Sind die Pfianzenstiele locker nebeneinander angeordnet, nimmt die Biegefestigkeit ab. Soll eine besonders hohe Biegefestigkeit der Sandwichplatte erreicht werden, so können die einzelnen Pfianzenstiele unterein¬ ander über ihre gesamte Länge verklebt werden. Die Zugfestigkeit und die Steifigkelt der erfindungsgemäßen Platte ist jedoch von der Packungsdichte der einzelnen Pflanzenstiele unabhängig.So that the individual plant stalks, which can either be packed tightly or spaced apart from one another between the cover layers, remain firmly connected to the cover layers, they are expediently glued to the cover layers. In this case, gluing is only necessary on the contact surface with the cover layers: the capillary action causes the adhesive material to pull up on the cell walls, so that a fillet weld is formed and thus additionally strengthens the positioning of the individual armatures. The flexural strength increases with a tight packing of the plant stems. If the plant stems are loosely arranged side by side, the bending strength decreases. If a particularly high bending strength of the sandwich panel is to be achieved, the individual plant stems can be glued to one another over their entire length. However, the tensile strength and the rigidity of the plate according to the invention are independent of the packing density of the individual plant stems.
Vorteilhaft ist, wenn dem Sandwichkern noch andere, zusätzliche Materialien zuge¬ geben werden. Dabei kann es sich um Flammschutzmittel, Insektizide oder festigkeitserhöhende Mittel handeln.It is advantageous if other additional materials are added to the sandwich core. These can be flame retardants, insecticides or strength-increasing agents.
Es ist besonders vorteilhaft, wenn die Decklagen aus Holz oder Holzwerkstoff beste¬ hen. Wie oben bereits erläutert, ist eine derartige Sandwichplatte ausschließlich aus Naturstoffen hergestellt, wodurch weder bei der Herstellung noch bei der Entsorgung umwelttechnische Probleme entstehen. Dabei ist es besonders günstig, wenn als Decklagen Sperrholz oder Holzfurniere verwendet werden. Diese Werkstoffe weisen hohe Festigkeit auf, so daß auch besonders dünne Decklagen eingesetzt werden können.It is particularly advantageous if the cover layers consist of wood or wood-based material. As already explained above, such a sandwich panel is made exclusively from natural materials, which means that neither environmental problems arise during manufacture nor during disposal. It is particularly advantageous if plywood or wood veneer is used as the top layer. These materials show high strength, so that particularly thin cover layers can be used.
Gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausführungsform besteht der Kern der Sandwichplatte aus Stroh. Stroh weist auf sein Gewicht bezogen eine sehr hohe Festigkeit auf. Jedoch können gleichfalls Bambusstiele, Miskantusstiele, Papyrus und ähnliche Gräser oder grasähnliche Pflanzen verwendet werden. Selbstverständlich werden diese RIanzen¬ stiele in getrocknetem, d.h. steifem Zustand eingesetzt. Die Raumdichte einer derarti¬ gen erfindungsgemäßen Sandwichplatte beträgt ca. 0,15g/cm .According to an advantageous embodiment, the core of the sandwich panel consists of straw. Straw has a very high strength in relation to its weight. However, bamboo stalks, Miskanthus stalks, papyrus and similar grasses or grass-like plants can also be used. Of course, these saucers are dried, i.e. stiff condition used. The spatial density of such a sandwich panel according to the invention is approximately 0.15 g / cm.
Die erfindungsgemäße leichte Sandwichplatte kann auch eine gewölbte Form aufwei¬ sen. Der Herstellungsprozeß einer solchen Platte ist genauso einfach wie der Her¬ stellungsprozeß einer Platte mit einer flächigen Ausdehnung ohne räumliche Ausbildung.The light sandwich plate according to the invention can also have a curved shape. The manufacturing process of such a plate is just as simple as the manufacturing process of a plate with a two-dimensional expansion without spatial training.
Die erfindungsgemäße leichte Sandwichplatte ist in den Zeichnungen dargestellt und anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert.The light sandwich panel according to the invention is shown in the drawings and explained in more detail using an exemplary embodiment.
Es zeigen:Show it:
Fig. 1 Eine schematische perspektivische Darstellung der leichten Sandwichplatte, teilweise aufgeschnitten.Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the light sandwich panel, partially cut away.
Fig. 2 Detail Z in einer vergrößerten schematischen Darstellung.Fig. 2 detail Z in an enlarged schematic representation.
Die leichte Sandwichplatte weist eine obere Deckschicht 1 , eine untere Deckschicht 2 und einen dazwischen angeordneten, durch parallel zueinander und senkrecht auf die beiden Deckschichten 1 ,2 stehende angeordnete Gräserstiele 3 gebildetenen Kern auf. Die obere und die untere Deckschicht 1 ,2 bestehen aus Holz. Die hohlen Gräserstiele 3 sind rechtwinklig zu den beiden Deckschichten 1 ,2 angeordnet. Die Gräserstiele 3 sind dicht gepackt. Sie sind durch Kleben mit den Decklagen 1,2 ver¬ bunden. Eine Klebeschicht 4 wurde auf die obere und die untere Decklage 1 ,2 aufge¬ tragen. Der Fig. 2 ist entnehmbar, wie sich der Kleber 4 in die Räume zwischen den einzelnen Gräserstielen 3 einzieht, so daß nicht nur eine Verbindung der Gräserstiele 3 zu den Decklagen 1 ,2, sondern auch eine zusätzliche Positionierung der einzelnen Gräserstiele in ihrer senkrechten Lage zu den Deckschichten 1 ,2 entsteht. The light sandwich panel has an upper cover layer 1, a lower cover layer 2 and a core arranged between them, formed by grass stems 3 formed parallel to one another and perpendicular to the two cover layers 1, 2. The upper and lower cover layers 1, 2 are made of wood. The hollow grass stems 3 are arranged at right angles to the two cover layers 1, 2. The grass stems 3 are tightly packed. They are connected to the cover layers 1, 2 by gluing. An adhesive layer 4 was applied to the upper and lower cover layers 1, 2. Fig. 2 can be seen how the adhesive 4 is drawn into the spaces between the individual grass stems 3, so that not only a connection of the grass stems 3 to the cover layers 1, 2, but also an additional positioning of the individual grass stems in their perpendicular position to the cover layers 1, 2.

Claims

P A T E N T A N S P R Ü C H E PATENT CLAIMS
1.Leichte Sandwichplatte mit zwei Decklagen und einem Sandwichkern, wobei der Sandwichkern zwischen den Decklagen angeordnet und mit diesen fest verbunden ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Sandwichkem durch parallel zueinander und rechtwinklig zu den Decklagen (1 ,2) angeordente hohle Pflanzenstiele (3) ge¬ bildet ist.1.Light sandwich plate with two cover layers and a sandwich core, the sandwich core being arranged between the cover layers and firmly connected to them, characterized in that the sandwich core is arranged by hollow plant stems (3) arranged parallel to one another and at right angles to the cover layers (1, 2). is formed.
2. Leichte Sandwichplatte nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Decklagen (1,2) mit den hohlen Pflanzenstielen (3) verklebt sind.2. Light sandwich panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the cover layers (1,2) are glued to the hollow plant stems (3).
3. Leichte Sandwichplatte nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mindestens eine Decklage (1 ,2) aus Holz oder Holzwerkstoff besteht.3. Light sandwich panel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least one cover layer (1, 2) consists of wood or wood-based material.
4. Leichte Sandwichplatte nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Holzwerkstoff Sperrholz ist.4. Light sandwich panel according to claim 3, characterized in that the wood material is plywood.
5. Leichte Sandwichplatte nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Holzwerkstoff Holzfurnier ist. 5. Light sandwich panel according to claim 3, characterized in that the wood material is wood veneer.
6. Leichte Sandwichplatte nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die hohlen RIanzenstiele (3) Stroh sind.6. Light sandwich plate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hollow Rielstiele (3) are straw.
7.Leichte Sandwichplatte nach einem der vorangegangenen Anspruche.dadurch ge¬ kennzeichnet, daß die Pflanzenstiele (3) nebeneinander dicht gepackt sind.7.Light sandwich plate according to one of the preceding claims. Characterized ge indicates that the plant stems (3) are packed tightly next to each other.
8. Leichte Sandwichplatte nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die RIanzenstiele (3) miteinander verklebt sind.8. Light sandwich panel according to claim 7, characterized in that the edge stems (3) are glued together.
9. Leichte Sandwichplatte nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem aus Pflanzenstielen (3) bestehenden Sandwichkem zusätzlich andere Materialien zugegeben sind.9. Light sandwich plate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sandwich core consisting of plant stems (3) are additionally added other materials.
10. Leichte Sandwichpfatte nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Sandwichplatte gewölbt ist.10. Light sandwich plate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sandwich plate is curved.
11. Leichte Sandwichplatte nach einem der vorangegangenen Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ihr Raumgewicht etwa 0,15g/cm beträgt.11. Light sandwich plate according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that its density is about 0.15g / cm.
12. Verwendung von hohlen Pflanzenstielen zur Herstellung einer leichten Sandwich¬ platte, bei der die hohlen Pflanzenstiele parallel zueinander angeordnet senkrecht auf die Decklagen stehen. 12. Use of hollow plant stems for the production of a light sandwich plate, in which the hollow plant stems are arranged parallel to one another and are perpendicular to the cover layers.
PCT/DE1992/000953 1991-11-15 1992-11-14 Lightweight sandwich panel WO1993009947A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9114254U DE9114254U1 (en) 1991-11-15 1991-11-15 Lightweight natural material sandwich panel
DEG9114254.7U 1991-11-15

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1993009947A1 true WO1993009947A1 (en) 1993-05-27

Family

ID=6873337

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/DE1992/000953 WO1993009947A1 (en) 1991-11-15 1992-11-14 Lightweight sandwich panel

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Country Link
AU (1) AU2902392A (en)
DE (1) DE9114254U1 (en)
WO (1) WO1993009947A1 (en)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6139487A (en) * 1997-04-02 2000-10-31 Impella Cardiotechnik Ag Intracardiac pump device
WO2012076455A1 (en) * 2010-12-07 2012-06-14 Wassilij Grod Composite arrangement consisting of at least two parallel cover plates with spacer and reinforcing means
CN103144181A (en) * 2013-04-07 2013-06-12 张文巨 Straw composite board and manufacturing method thereof
CN103978537A (en) * 2013-02-07 2014-08-13 富朗投资管理集团(香港)有限公司 Formaldehyde-free composite sheet and its processing technology

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4339849A1 (en) * 1993-11-23 1995-05-24 Georg Dipl Ing Hoehn Environmentally friendly, heat insulating building board suitable as plaster base
CN2268608Y (en) * 1995-11-30 1997-11-26 周宁 Bamboo sectional material with symmetrical structure
DE19615505C2 (en) * 1996-04-19 2001-09-06 Bluemle Blueco Technik Double plate body
DE10081253D2 (en) * 1999-05-08 2001-09-13 Gunter Tannhaeuser Quick-build and formwork panel and method for preparing such and method and device for their production
DE202017000543U1 (en) 2017-02-01 2017-04-25 Werner Ehrich Construction element made of pressed straw with frame

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE880931C (en) * 1947-02-13 1953-06-25 Folke Roland Werner Werneskog Component, in particular building board, and method for their production
SE303025B (en) * 1964-11-21 1968-08-12 N Lundstad

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE880931C (en) * 1947-02-13 1953-06-25 Folke Roland Werner Werneskog Component, in particular building board, and method for their production
SE303025B (en) * 1964-11-21 1968-08-12 N Lundstad

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6139487A (en) * 1997-04-02 2000-10-31 Impella Cardiotechnik Ag Intracardiac pump device
WO2012076455A1 (en) * 2010-12-07 2012-06-14 Wassilij Grod Composite arrangement consisting of at least two parallel cover plates with spacer and reinforcing means
CN103978537A (en) * 2013-02-07 2014-08-13 富朗投资管理集团(香港)有限公司 Formaldehyde-free composite sheet and its processing technology
CN103144181A (en) * 2013-04-07 2013-06-12 张文巨 Straw composite board and manufacturing method thereof
CN103144181B (en) * 2013-04-07 2015-07-08 张文巨 Straw composite board and manufacturing method thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU2902392A (en) 1993-06-15
DE9114254U1 (en) 1992-01-23

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