WO1993005197A1 - Procede de metallisation de pieces en matiere plastique - Google Patents
Procede de metallisation de pieces en matiere plastique Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1993005197A1 WO1993005197A1 PCT/FR1992/000842 FR9200842W WO9305197A1 WO 1993005197 A1 WO1993005197 A1 WO 1993005197A1 FR 9200842 W FR9200842 W FR 9200842W WO 9305197 A1 WO9305197 A1 WO 9305197A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- laser
- layer
- support
- plastic
- irradiation
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C18/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating
- C23C18/16—Chemical coating by decomposition of either liquid compounds or solutions of the coating forming compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating; Contact plating by reduction or substitution, e.g. electroless plating
- C23C18/18—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C18/20—Pretreatment of the material to be coated of organic surfaces, e.g. resins
- C23C18/28—Sensitising or activating
- C23C18/30—Activating or accelerating or sensitising with palladium or other noble metal
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method of surface metallization of plastic parts, typically parts of polymeric material.
- - optical properties reflectivity, to make a mirror, color, semi-transparency, to make a filter.
- the type of metal, the thickness and the morphology of the film deposited are important parameters which must be specifically optimized. In general, this optimization tends to bring the physical properties of the manufactured film closer to those of the solid material of the same corresponding species. This is usually achieved by heat treatment. It makes it possible to increase the size of the crystallites which form the structure of the film. For this, it is imperative that the support on which the film is deposited can withstand the thermal regime imposed on the film. The latter consists, for example, in heating the film at 400 ° C for 30 minutes. It is obvious that such a heat treatment is limited by the thermodynamic properties of the film and of the support (heat capacity, diffusion of heat).
- a support For certain applications, it may be necessary to deposit on a support a thick metallic film, of thickness greater than 5 micrometers for example. It may be, among other examples, to increase the service life of a ductile surface, with respect to mechanical friction.
- the support is then an electrical insulator, therefore thick.
- the adhesion of such a film depends on the thickness of the film. The greater the thickness, the greater the mechanical tensions between film and support. This phenomenon originates from the dissimilarity of the atomic networks of the metallic film on the one hand and of the support on the other hand.
- the atomic networks can then be three-dimensional (case of metals) or one-dimensional (case of a polymer for example). There is therefore a need to treat either the surface of the plastic before it is covered, or the entire film and the support.
- the nature of the latter very low molecular structure and melting point (maximum 400 ° C) prohibits any chemical, even mechanical thermal process. This is notably the situation encountered on either side of an interface between metallic film and plastic support.
- the dissimilarity of the networks present is sufficiently great then to make practically impossible the attachment (that is to say the adhesion) of a metal film on the surface of the plastic and this, even for film thicknesses. less than 0.1 microns.
- the invention aims to solve this kind of difficulty. To this end, it relates to a process for metallizing the surface of plastic parts, typically of parts made of polymeric material, this process being characterized by the fact that the metal deposition is carried out in at least two main stages, including:
- a first main step which consists in carrying out a metallic undercoat of preparation by incorporating on the surface of the plastic support to be metallized, and up to a certain depth in this support, a high concentration of metal ions, thereby forming, and on this depth compositepartiellementmétallrise an underlayer, said underlayer preparation being carried out by depositing on said surface a layer of an organometallic substance, typically of r FEAA iron acetylacetonate, and then irradiating the layer with a laser beam; and
- a second main step which consists in depositing on this preparation sublayer, and possibly by very conventional chemical and / or electrochemical means, the thick metal layer.
- Figures 1 to 1C schematize the essential phases of this process with a first form of laser beam irradiation.
- Figures 2A to 2C schematize these same phases with another form of laser beam irradiation.
- FIGS. 3A to 3C show three possible forms of selective irradiation by laser beam, with displacement of the part to be metallized.
- Figure 4 is a perspective view of a mechanical and electrical coupling jumper made using this method.
- a layer of an organometallic substance is spread over the surface of the plastic support 1 to be metallized.
- This support is for example made of polyethylene terephthalate called "PETP".
- the organometallic substance chosen is preferably iron acetyl acetonate FeAA, a cheap product, and the aforementioned layer is for example obtained by depositing on the surface 1, for example using a brush or a pad. , one or more drops of a solution of Iron acetylacetonate in a solvent consisting for example of acetone. It is for example a solution produced in the proportions of 50 grams of FeAA for a liter of acetone. Of course, another type of solvent such as chloroform can be used.
- This solution is spread over the surface of the plastic support 1 so that its thickness is constant, this spreading being for example obtained by rapid rotation of the support 1 on a rotary table.
- the acetone gradually evaporates, leaving a layer 2 of organometallic FeAA sedimented on the support 1, the thickness of this layer 2 being typically of the order of a micron. Larger thicknesses are obtained if necessary by repeating this procedure.
- the solvent used to prepare the solution is advantageously both a solvent for the organometallic compound and a solvent for the plastic substrate 1.
- the plastic substrate is therefore attacked, which is a side effect sought here, this attack being nevertheless limited by one simultaneous evaporation of the solvent.
- the molecules of the compound which condense on the surface during evaporation then advantageously penetrate (o
- the preparation layer 2, or “bonding layer”, thus deposited is then irradiated by a laser beam 3 which is concentrated locally (beam 4) by means of an optical system 5 comprising for example a cylindrical lens.
- the irradiating source used is an ionized gas laser with Argon Ar + ions, which works continuously. It emits its radiation in the visible, more precisely in the blue-green. This radiation is very well absorbed by the acetylacetonate of Iron of which the bonding layer 2 is composed, and it is not at all by the plastic support 1 made of PETP, so that the irradiation of the latter by the concentrated laser beam 4 remains of no consequence.
- the fluence of the laser that is to say the power density that it delivers on the surface of the support 1 and of the sedimented film 2 is adjusted so as to produce the decomposition of this film by thermal effect, following the optical coupling between the film and photons from the laser source.
- This power depends on the amount of sedimented material encountered by the laser beam at its impact on the film.
- the parameters which allow this adjustment are the dimension of the laser spot on the surface after focusing (4), the energy of the laser source, as well as, if as will be seen below, this spot moves on the surface, its movement speed.
- the resulting metallic film is then weakly adherent to the support.
- it is chosen to further increase the fluence of the laser so as not only to decompose the organic molecules, but also and simultaneously to melt the surface of the support 1, which is made possible by the fact that the melting temperature PETP is 250 ° C.
- the decomposition of organic molecules allows the released atoms to diffuse in the support until a variable depth which depends in particular on the speed of scanning of the laser beam, or the speed of displacement of the support, according to that respectively it is the support or the laser beam which is kept fixed relative to the other.
- the thickness of the surface layer 6 (FIG.
- the non-irradiated organometallic material can advantageously be recovered in its solvent and reintegrated with the organometallic solution prepared at the origin.
- the preparation sublayer, or bonding sublayer thus produced will now serve as a catalyst during the deposition, by conventional chemical or electrochemical means, of a thick metal film 7 on this bonding layer.
- the final deposition is carried out by an autocatalytic bath, either copper or silver - nickel - gold, followed by an electrolytic bath or an electrolysis with auto-contact.
- the conductivity of the thick film 7 thus obtained depends on the conditions of the autocatalytic bath, in particular on its temperature and its composition. A conductivity of the order of 10 4 ohms / cm is thus easily obtained. Its final thickness depends on the immersion time. It can exceed 100 microns without loss of adhesion.
- FIGS 2A to 2C show, similarly to Figures 1A to î
- the preliminary metallic film 2 is deposited on a quartz plate 8, of thickness 1 millimeter for example.
- This deposition is done by vacuum evaporation, either by Joule effect, or by bombardment of a metal target with an electron gun.
- the quartz plate 8 is then applied to the plastic support 1, the metal film 2 being in contact with the plastic support. This contact should not be rigorous as long as the plastic support is maintained parallel to the quartz plate.
- An excimer laser beam 9 emitted by the pulsed source is then used to irradiate the metallic film through the quartz plate.
- the excimer laser works in the ultraviolet for example at 248nm. Its energy is therefore not absorbed by the quartz 8 (absorption threshold at 190nm) but only by the film 2.
- the fluence of the laser ie the energy of the beam at the source 9 and its concentration by the lens 5 according to the beam 10 on the target 1,2,8, it is possible to induce in the film a significant heat flux and produce the evaporation of the film.
- This laser operating only in pulsed regime (pulse of the order of 20n / sec), the evaporation rate by pulse depends on the energy of the beam, its concentration and the thickness of the irradiated film. The total amount of material evaporated is therefore counted as the rate of evaporation by pulsation multiplied by the number of pulsations.
- a metallic film 100nm thick Cu for example
- part of the photons of the laser beam 10 pass through the film 2 whose thickness decreases and arrive at the surface of the plastic support 1.
- the latter absorbs electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet.
- PETP absorbs radiation for any wavelength less than or equal to 310nm.
- the wavelength of the excimer radiation used is 248nm.
- the irradiation time is too short to allow a heat exchange with the ambient medium during the irradiation and does not allow to reach a thermodynamic equilibrium between support and medium.
- the support is not degraded by irradiation but, on the contrary, tends to be ordered.
- the deposition, on the support 1, of the metal atoms coming from the film 2 spread on the quartz plate 8 is therefore effected on a plastic support 1 being restructured. These atoms then integrate into the polymer network as soon as they reach the surface of the support 1, allowing its impregnation to a variable depth, which is a function of the number of pulses delivered by the radiation source.
- the preparation layer 2 thus obtained covers the entire irradiated surface. This can reach 1 cm2 without scanning by the beam, the section of which represents approximately 1 cm2 at constant energy density, before focusing by optics 5. It is possible to interpose between the target (quartz plate 8 and support 1) and the laser source 9, a mask 11 delimiting a particular drawing area. By passing through this mask, the radiation then allows the transfer of the material and its implantation on the plastic support 1 along a surface reproducing faithfully and at the desired scale (by focusing 10) the design of the mask.
- the plastic part 1 is then cleaned, in order to keep only the preparation or "bonding" layer 6 (FIG. 2B), after which the deposit of the metal layer ⁇ 0
- thick 7 (FIG. 2C) is produced by conventional chemical and / or electrochemical means, as described above.
- FIGS. 3a to 3C show very schematically this mode of scanning by displacement of the insulating parts 1 in front of a laser beam without associated optics (FIG. 3A), with associated divergence optics (FIG. 3B), and with reflective mirror. 12 allowing double-sided metallization (FIG. 3C).
- FIG. 4 An example of a plastic part 1 partially metallized by the process according to the invention is shown in FIG. 4. It is in this case a semi-rigid plastic jumper intended for the mechanical coupling of two boxes of remote control switches .
- a conductive metallic layer 7 has been deposited, by the aforementioned method, on a flexible part 13 provided for molding on the internal face 14 of this coupling part, which allows, when the part connects, after clipping, these two housings, also ensuring their interconnection by close contact of the respective electrical pads of these two boxes against the part 13, that is to say in fact against the thick metallic layer 7.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP92919304A EP0602146A1 (fr) | 1991-09-06 | 1992-09-04 | Procede de metallisation de pieces en matiere plastique |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9111134A FR2681078B1 (fr) | 1991-09-06 | 1991-09-06 | Procede de metallisation de pieces en matiere plastique. |
| FR91/11134 | 1991-09-06 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1993005197A1 true WO1993005197A1 (fr) | 1993-03-18 |
Family
ID=9416777
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/FR1992/000842 Ceased WO1993005197A1 (fr) | 1991-09-06 | 1992-09-04 | Procede de metallisation de pieces en matiere plastique |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0602146A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR2681078B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO1993005197A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2168189C1 (ru) * | 1999-10-11 | 2001-05-27 | Открытое акционерное общество "Ракетно-космическая корпорация "Энергия" им. С.П. Королева" | Многослойное покрытие |
| EP2955981A1 (fr) | 2014-06-13 | 2015-12-16 | Irepa Laser | Méthode de réalisation d'un dépôt de surface sélectif mettant en oeuvre une radiation pulsée |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0260516A1 (fr) * | 1986-09-15 | 1988-03-23 | General Electric Company | Procédé de métallisation photosélective |
-
1991
- 1991-09-06 FR FR9111134A patent/FR2681078B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1992
- 1992-09-04 WO PCT/FR1992/000842 patent/WO1993005197A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 1992-09-04 EP EP92919304A patent/EP0602146A1/fr not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0260516A1 (fr) * | 1986-09-15 | 1988-03-23 | General Electric Company | Procédé de métallisation photosélective |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| IBM TECHNICAL DISCLOSURE BULLETIN vol. 31, no. 9, Février 1989, US page 247 'seeding with metal-organic compounds via laser pyrolysis' * |
| IBM TECHNICAL DISCLOSURE BULLETIN vol. 33, no. 9, Février 1991, US pages 418 - 421 'surface activation of dielectrics for electroless plating' * |
| JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY vol. 134, no. 11, Novembre 1987, US pages 2707 - 2713 SAUSA 'laser decomposition of metallo-organic films for electroless copper plating' * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2681078A1 (fr) | 1993-03-12 |
| FR2681078B1 (fr) | 1995-01-13 |
| EP0602146A1 (fr) | 1994-06-22 |
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