[go: up one dir, main page]

WO1992020154A1 - Barrage photoelectrique a fourche - Google Patents

Barrage photoelectrique a fourche Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1992020154A1
WO1992020154A1 PCT/EP1992/000845 EP9200845W WO9220154A1 WO 1992020154 A1 WO1992020154 A1 WO 1992020154A1 EP 9200845 W EP9200845 W EP 9200845W WO 9220154 A1 WO9220154 A1 WO 9220154A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
guides
receiver
fork
transmitter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP1992/000845
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Klaus Hoffmann
Georg Schmidt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Daimler Benz AG
Original Assignee
Daimler Benz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Daimler Benz AG filed Critical Daimler Benz AG
Publication of WO1992020154A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992020154A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
    • H03K17/00—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking
    • H03K17/94—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated
    • H03K17/941—Electronic switching or gating, i.e. not by contact-making and –breaking characterised by the way in which the control signals are generated using an optical detector
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
    • G01P3/42—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means
    • G01P3/44—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed
    • G01P3/48—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage
    • G01P3/481—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals
    • G01P3/486—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals delivered by photo-electric detectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4201—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details
    • G02B6/4202—Packages, e.g. shape, construction, internal or external details for coupling an active element with fibres without intermediate optical elements, e.g. fibres with plane ends, fibres with shaped ends, bundles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
    • G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
    • G02B6/42—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements
    • G02B6/4295—Coupling light guides with opto-electronic elements coupling with semiconductor devices activated by light through the light guide, e.g. thyristors, phototransistors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fork light barrier with a light-emitting surface in a solid light guide and a light-receiving surface arranged at a distance and parallel to it in a second solid light guide, the light guides each having elongated, parallel longitudinal axes and each rigid at one end at least via an intermediate piece connected to one another and at the other end by flat surfaces which are inclined at an angle of forty-five degrees to the longitudinal axes, which are located on the sides of the light guide facing away from one another and are arranged at the same level with respect to the longitudinal axes, one facing away from the inclined surface
  • a transmitter is arranged at the end of one light guide, which feeds light predominantly in the direction of the longitudinal axis, and at the end of the other light guide facing away from the inclined surface, a receiver is provided for the light reflected from the inclined surfaces n is.
  • the distance between the light-transmitting and light-receiving surface forms an optical channel, which is interrupted by opaque or largely opaque objects.
  • An interruption is detected in a receiving circuit, which contains a photoelectric receiver and a signal evaluation circuit, and is used to control processes.
  • a light sensor is known from EP-B1-187299, in which a light-emitting surface is aligned with a light-receiving surface.
  • the light path starts from a transmitter and can be interrupted by an object on the way to the receiver. This object moves between two parallel light-guiding posts, between the ends of which the light path runs. For this purpose, the light at each end of the post is redirected once by total reflection.
  • the posts are embedded in a substrate that contains both the transmitter and the receiver.
  • the electrical wiring of this sensor is very simple since the transmitter and receiver are very close to one another.
  • the disadvantage of this arrangement is the complicated structure, it also being provided that the light-conducting posts can be rotated. Adjustment can therefore be difficult.
  • the invention has for its object to develop a fork light barrier that is structurally very simple and requires no adjustment of the optical beam path.
  • a fork light barrier of the type described in the introduction in that the light guides are integrally connected to one another at one end via a yoke and in that holes are provided in the light guides at their ends facing away from the inclined surfaces, in each of which a light transmitter or light receiver is used.
  • the optical path is formed by the two light guides and the distance between the light guides.
  • the light emitted by the transmitter is reflected on the inclined surface and emerges on one long side of the light guide. If there is no object in the path between the two light guides, the light enters one longitudinal side of the other light guide and reaches the inclined surface, where it is reflected to the receiver. Due to the rigid connection of the light guides, the inclined surfaces are firmly aligned with each other so that no adjustment at the installation site is necessary.
  • this fork light barrier is its high mechanical stability.
  • the light barrier is also insensitive to certain deviations of the elongated light guides with respect to the parallelism of the longitudinal axes. This means that sudden mechanical stresses, which can cause vibrations of the light guide, have no influence on the perfect function.
  • the light guides are integrally connected to each other at one end via a yoke.
  • no adjustment is required.
  • the unit can in one operation, in particular by injection molding, d. H. be produced particularly economically.
  • the light guides preferably have approximately parallel, flat side walls which are rectangular in the longitudinal direction.
  • a unit with such a simple geometric shape can be manufactured inexpensively.
  • the light guides can taper conically in the direction of the inclined surfaces. Such a shape is particularly suitable for the injection molding process.
  • the light guides are cylindrical in the longitudinal direction. With such a fork light barrier, objects with small dimensions can also be recognized. This property is due to a certain focusing of the light beam between the light guides through the cylindrical wall.
  • the light guides also form holders for the transmitting and receiving elements.
  • the bottoms of the holes are expediently designed to be flat. This is favorable for the yield, i. H. the proportion of light that reaches the receiver.
  • the light receiver has, in particular, a lens that guides the incident light to a light-sensitive layer. This measure increases the responsiveness.
  • the fork light barrier described above can also be used as a speed sensor or angle encoder. While the beam path is periodically interrupted and released by a speed-dependent element when used as a speed sensor, a certain adjustment is necessary for a rotation angle sensor.
  • An angle encoder is preferably constructed such that an angle scale is rotatably mounted on a cylinder between the light guides.
  • optical fiber bundles can be provided, the other ends of which illuminate the angular division of a scale.
  • an adjustable screen with recesses surrounding the middle light guide it is also possible to determine the direction of rotation.
  • Fig. 1 is a fork light barrier in side view, partially in
  • FIG. 3 shows a fork light barrier with cylindrical light guides from the front;
  • Fig. 4 is a fork light barrier with a display element in
  • FIG. 5 Side view, partially in section and Fig. 5 is a rotary encoder in longitudinal section.
  • a forked light barrier 1 contains, as the light-emitting part 2, an elongated, solid light guide 3, which has parallel side walls, not designated in any more detail.
  • the light guide 3 has rectangular cross sections.
  • An elongated, solid light guide 5 with parallel side walls, not shown, is provided as the light-receiving part 4.
  • a yoke 6 connects the light guides 3, 5 at one end each.
  • the yoke 6 is made of the same material as the light guides 3, 5 and is made in one piece with them.
  • the walls of the light guide 3, 5 parallel to each other "substantially.
  • the longitudinal axes 7, 8 which run through the center of the light guides 3, 5 and are shown in dash-dot lines in FIG. 1 likewise run parallel to one another.
  • the light guides 3, 5 each have a flat surface 9, 10.
  • the surfaces 9, 10 are inclined against the longitudinal axes 7, 8 each at 45 °.
  • the bevelling of the ends by the surfaces 9, 10 does not affect the mutually facing surfaces of the light guides 3, 5.
  • the surfaces 9, 10 are therefore directed outwards.
  • the lengths of the two light guides 3, 5 are the same.
  • the surfaces 9, 10 have the same level, i. H. the distances from the ends are the same.
  • the areas of the two areas 9, 10 projected onto the planes through the longitudinal axes 7, 8 are therefore congruent.
  • a light transmitter 15 in the form of a transmitting diode for infrared radiation is inserted into one bore 11.
  • the transmitter diode can have a lens. However, this is not absolutely necessary.
  • a suitable transmitter diode is e.g. B. the transmitter diode manufactured and sold under the type TSHA 5203 by Telefunken Electronic GmbH in Heilbronn.
  • a photoelectric receiver diode is used as the light receiver 16.
  • the light receiver preferably has a lens 17.
  • the receiver diode can be a receiver diode manufactured and sold under the BPW 77A type by Telefunken Electronic GmbH in Heilbronn.
  • the fork light barrier 1 is constructed symmetrically with respect to the light guides 3, 5, the yoke 6 and the bores 11, 12. Therefore, the light transmitter 15 and the light receiver 16 can also be arranged vice versa in the bores 12 and 11, respectively.
  • the light guides 3, 5 and the yoke 6 are made in particular of acrylic or polycarbonate. But they can also consist of inorganic glass. Any transparent material with a refractive index greater than " ⁇ 2 is suitable.
  • Acrylic glass e.g. B. Plexiglas or Makrolon, has a good permeability to infrared radiation.
  • Fig. 1 a part of the beam path of the light between light transmitter 15 and light receiver 16 is shown.
  • Beams 18 emanating from the light transmitter 15 propagate in the longitudinal direction of the light guide 3 and impinge on the surface 9, from which they are reflected onto the surface 9 at the angle of incidence to the normal. There is a total reflection.
  • the wavelength of the light and the optical properties of the light guide material are matched to one another in such a way that total reflection can take place on the surfaces 9, 10.
  • Rays 19 which are reflected by the surface 9 change their direction by 90 °, emerge from the inner longitudinal wall of the light guide 3 and pass through the space 20 between the light guides 3, 5. If there is no object in this space, then the rays 19 strike the light guide 5 and enter it.
  • the rays 19 reach the surface 10, where they are reflected in the direction of the light receiver 16.
  • a large part of the light emitted by the light transmitter 15 reaches the light receiver in particular when the latter is provided with a converging lens 17.
  • light that is reflected on the side walls of the light guide and then only hits surface 9 also reaches the light receiver.
  • the one-piece unit consisting of the light guides 3, 5 and the yoke 6 is accommodated at one end in a practical embodiment in a housing 21, from the openings of which the light guides 3, 5 protrude.
  • a printed circuit board 22 is attached on the side facing away from the light guides 3, 5, on which the light transmitter 11 and the light receiver 16 as well as further electronic components, e.g. B. a threshold discriminator 23 are attached.
  • the unit consisting of the light guides 3, 5 and the yoke 6 is preferably produced as an injection molded part.
  • the walls of the light guides 3, 5 can be adapted to the production-technical conditions for injection molded parts and have a slightly conical shape. Because of the simple geometric shapes, an inexpensive injection molding tool can already be produced for the parts described above.
  • the electronic parts, such as light transmitter 15, light receiver 16, threshold discriminator 23, rectifier, etc., are attached to the circuit board 22.
  • the circuit board 22 is then connected to the yoke 6 by inserting the light transmitter 15 into the bore 11 and the light receiver 16 into the bore 12. Adjustment and adjustment work for the optical elements is not necessary.
  • the light guides 3, 5 it is not necessary for the light guides 3, 5 to have rectangular cross sections.
  • the cross-sectional shape determines the shape of the surfaces 9, 10 and thus the shape of the light beam in the air gap.
  • a circular cross section is advantageous if small objects are to be detected.
  • 3 shows cylindrical light guides 24, 25, the inclined surfaces of which are elliptical.
  • the light barrier shown in FIG. 4 is suitable for applications in which an indication of the state of the fork light barrier is desired.
  • this fork light barrier 26 in addition to the light guides 27, 28 for guiding the beams between light transmitter 30 and light receiver 31 and the yoke 29 has a projection 32 of the yoke 29, the end of which has an angled section 33.
  • a luminescence diode 35 is inserted in a bore, which is not designated in any more detail and which is fastened together with light transmitter 30 and light receiver 31 and further electronic parts on a printed circuit board 36.
  • the LED 35 shows z. B. on whether the fork light barrier 26 has responded to an object.
  • light receivers 16, 31 in cylindrical housings instead of light receivers 16, 31 in cylindrical housings, differently designed light receivers can also be used.
  • FIG. 5 shows a further developed fork light barrier which is designed as a rotary position sensor 37.
  • a light guide 38 is connected via fastening means 39 to a rotatable body, which is not shown.
  • the light guide 38 is rotatably supported in a manner not shown.
  • a stationary light transmitter feeds light into an end face of the light guide 38.
  • the other end of the light guide has two surfaces 42, 41 inclined at 45 ° to the longitudinal axis.
  • the light guide 38 is arranged centrally in a stationary pot-shaped body 43 made of light-conducting material.
  • the body 43 At the upper edge of the body 43 there is a ring of inclined surfaces 44 of the same size. Below the surfaces 44, 43 photo elements 45 are provided on the bottom of the body. A certain angular position of the light guide 38 is assigned to each photo element 45. When the light guide 38 is in the appropriate position, light arrives from the light transmitter 40 via the light guide 38, the distance between the light guide 38 and the body 43 and the side walls of the body 43 to the respective light receiver 45. The rotational position can be displayed on a scale, the display elements, which are fed by the photo elements 45.
  • the light guide 38 is at least partially surrounded concentrically by a cylinder 46 which has wall passages 47.
  • the cylinder 46 is stationary and can then be used due to the unequal spacing between the wall openings to indicate the direction of rotation in addition to the speed.

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Optical Transform (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)
  • Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention a pour objet un barrage photoélectrique à fourche (1) dans lequel une surface émettrice de lumière, dans une première partie, est orientée vers une surface réceptrice de lumière, espacée par rapport à la première, dans une deuxième partie. La première et la deuxième parties (2, 3) sont des prolongations de forme allongée du guide de lumière réalisé en une seule pièce, prolongations qui ont des axes longitudinaux (7, 8) parallèles. Les autres extrémités des guides de lumière sont fermées par des surfaces planes (9, 10) inclinées par rapport aux axes longitudinaux (7, 8) selon un angle de 45°. Ces surfaces sont disposées sur le même niveau sur les côtés, orientés l'un vers l'autre, des guides de lumière (3, 5), relativement aux axes longitudinaux (7, 8). A chacune des extrémités reliées entre elles des guides de lumière (3, 5) sont disposés un émetteur, qui transmet la lumière principalement en direction de l'axe longitudinal (7), et un récepteur, qui reçoit la lumière réfléchie par les surfaces (9, 10). Pour permettre un ajustement facile, l'émetteur et le récepteur sont disposés dans des orifices (11, 12).
PCT/EP1992/000845 1991-04-26 1992-04-15 Barrage photoelectrique a fourche Ceased WO1992020154A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19914113720 DE4113720C2 (de) 1991-04-26 1991-04-26 Gabellichtschranke
DEP4113720.5 1991-04-26

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992020154A1 true WO1992020154A1 (fr) 1992-11-12

Family

ID=6430455

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1992/000845 Ceased WO1992020154A1 (fr) 1991-04-26 1992-04-15 Barrage photoelectrique a fourche

Country Status (2)

Country Link
DE (1) DE4113720C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1992020154A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0890842A1 (fr) * 1997-07-08 1999-01-13 Alps Electric Co., Ltd. Codeur optique
EP2568469A1 (fr) * 2011-09-09 2013-03-13 Pepperl + Fuchs GmbH Bloc à ultrasons et capteur d'ultrasons

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4309773A1 (de) * 1993-03-25 1994-09-29 Kaltenbach & Voigt Lichtschranke, insbesondere für eine Ablageeinrichtung für ärztliche oder zahnärztliche Handinstrumente
DE19529007B4 (de) * 1994-08-05 2005-06-30 Funai Electric Co., Ltd., Daito Spulensensor
DE4437348C2 (de) * 1994-10-19 2003-11-06 Schleicher & Co Int Ag Dokumentenvernichter mit einem Schneidwerk und einer Lichtschranke
DE19614895A1 (de) * 1996-04-16 1997-10-23 Laser Sorter Gmbh Profil-Prüfvorrichtung
DE19855220A1 (de) * 1998-11-30 2000-05-31 Sick Ag Opto-elektronischer Sensor und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung
DE10021250A1 (de) 2000-04-22 2001-10-25 Francotyp Postalia Gmbh Anordnung zur Poststückdetektierung
DE102004018106B4 (de) * 2004-04-14 2008-08-07 Markus Guggenmos Hochgenauer optischer Positionsdetektor für Galvanometer-Drehantiebe
DE102006042873A1 (de) * 2006-09-13 2008-03-27 Ford Global Technologies, LLC, Dearborn Sensor zur Bestimmung einer Position eines beweglichen Objekts
DE102009037777B3 (de) * 2009-08-18 2011-03-03 Gigaset Communications Gmbh Optisches Umschaltungssystem für einen Fernsprechapparat, Fernsprechapparat und Verfahren zum Einbau eines Umschaltungssystems in einen Fernsprechapparat
EP2555020A1 (fr) 2011-08-03 2013-02-06 3M Innovative Properties Company Dispositif capteur
DE102018119436A1 (de) * 2018-08-09 2020-02-13 PSZ electronic GmbH Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Vorrichtung zur Erfassung von entnommenen Gebrauchsgegenständen

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0187299A1 (fr) * 1984-12-12 1986-07-16 Hitachi, Ltd. Photodétecteur
US4607160A (en) * 1982-09-21 1986-08-19 Omron Tateisi Electronics Co. Non-contact switching device
EP0379732A2 (fr) * 1988-12-29 1990-08-01 Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. Interrupteur optique

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATA43689A (de) * 1989-02-28 1991-05-15 Siemens Ag Oesterreich Vorrichtung zur leitung von elektromagnetischen wellen
US5038031A (en) * 1989-06-22 1991-08-06 Optec D.D. Melco Laboratory Co., Ltd. Optical rotary encoder having large and small numerical aperture fibers

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4607160A (en) * 1982-09-21 1986-08-19 Omron Tateisi Electronics Co. Non-contact switching device
EP0187299A1 (fr) * 1984-12-12 1986-07-16 Hitachi, Ltd. Photodétecteur
EP0379732A2 (fr) * 1988-12-29 1990-08-01 Fuji Electric Co., Ltd. Interrupteur optique

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0890842A1 (fr) * 1997-07-08 1999-01-13 Alps Electric Co., Ltd. Codeur optique
EP2568469A1 (fr) * 2011-09-09 2013-03-13 Pepperl + Fuchs GmbH Bloc à ultrasons et capteur d'ultrasons

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE4113720C2 (de) 1996-01-11
DE4113720A1 (de) 1992-10-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
DE3513671C2 (fr)
EP0843180B1 (fr) Télémétrie
WO1992020154A1 (fr) Barrage photoelectrique a fourche
AT500056A1 (de) Optikelement für verkehrszeichen, anzeigetafeln oder dgl.
DE2508366A1 (de) Optische vorrichtung zur erzeugung eines lichtvorhanges
DE202005018197U1 (de) Laser-Entfernungsmessungsvorrichtung
DE102005033349A1 (de) Optischer Sensor
DE19933641A1 (de) Sensoreinrichtung zur Erfassung einer Benetzung auf einer Scheibe
EP2157449B1 (fr) Barrière lumineuse
DE3609211A1 (de) Optischer winkelgeber
DE60018065T2 (de) Kontinuierlich verlängerte optische quellen und empfänger und optische barriere mit solchen quellen und empfänger
DE102019208841A1 (de) Lötfähiges, insbesondere einstückiges optisches Lichtleitmodul zur Streulichtrauchdetektion sowie Rauchdetektionsblock, Rauchdetektionsmodul und Streulichtrauchmelder
DE2518828C3 (de) Lichtschranke
DE4217696C2 (de) Optoelektronischer Signalgeber
DE3446354C2 (fr)
DE212013000245U1 (de) Optischer Winkeldetektor
DE102019124265B4 (de) Optoelektronischer Sensor und Verfahren zum Erfassen von Objekten in einem Überwachungsbereich
DE69009592T2 (de) Vorrichtung zur gegenseitigen Ausrichtung von verschieden farbigen Strahlbündeln und Visiereinrichtung, die diese Vorrichtung enthält.
EP0237470A1 (fr) Dispositif pour la mesure incrémentielle de longueurs
DE202007015653U1 (de) Optoelektronische Sensoranordnung
EP2843446B1 (fr) Capteur optique
DE10120937C2 (de) Optosensor
DE9302324U1 (de) Gabellichtschranke
EP3792668B1 (fr) Capteur optoélectronique et procédé de détection des objets dans une zone de surveillance
EP0484270A2 (fr) Photostyle ou barrière photoélectrique

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): US

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IT LU MC NL SE