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WO1992019357A1 - Milieu filtrant pour filtres ou laveurs biologiques et procede pour sa preparation - Google Patents

Milieu filtrant pour filtres ou laveurs biologiques et procede pour sa preparation Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1992019357A1
WO1992019357A1 PCT/AT1992/000064 AT9200064W WO9219357A1 WO 1992019357 A1 WO1992019357 A1 WO 1992019357A1 AT 9200064 W AT9200064 W AT 9200064W WO 9219357 A1 WO9219357 A1 WO 9219357A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
compost
weight
filter medium
filter
biofilter
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/AT1992/000064
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ernst Wawerka
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ecce Technisches Buero fur Verfahrenstechnik GmbH
Original Assignee
Ecce Technisches Buero fur Verfahrenstechnik GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ecce Technisches Buero fur Verfahrenstechnik GmbH filed Critical Ecce Technisches Buero fur Verfahrenstechnik GmbH
Publication of WO1992019357A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992019357A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/84—Biological processes
    • B01D53/85—Biological processes with gas-solid contact
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
    • Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a filter medium for use in biofilters or bio-washers (trickling filter systems) in which gaseous organic and / or inorganic substances from the exhaust gases are biodegraded, consisting essentially of compost.
  • Undesirable gaseous organic and / or inorganic substances are to be understood as all substances which are contained in the exhaust gas or in the exhaust air from commercial or industrial processes and which are to be separated on the basis of their smell, their concentration or other undesirable properties. For example, it is solvent vapors from paint shops or printers or odor-polluting substances contained in the exhaust air from the food industry.
  • the degradation process in bio-filters is a biological oxidation (combustion) with atmospheric oxygen, the compounds to be degraded being converted to carbon dioxide and water, provided that no other elements than carbon, hydrogen and Oxygen are included.
  • biofilters or bio scrubbers can only be used if none of the kr ⁇ organisms which cause degradation, toxic substances are present in a concentration that could harm 'anismen the Mikroorg.
  • the biodegradation of pollutants in the gas takes place in such a way that the pollutant or pollutants are initially sorbed, whereupon diffusion and the biodegradation reaction occur, and finally the reaction products of the biological reaction are released again by desorption to the gas flowing through the biofilter .
  • the biological exhaust air cleaning is divided into three basic types, namely bio-washers, bioreactors (trickling filter bio-systems) and biofilters.
  • the present invention relates primarily to filter media which can be used in biofilters and form the fixed bed in the bio filter.
  • the filter media according to the invention can advantageously also be used in trickling filter systems.
  • the raw gas is conditioned before it is fed into the biofilter in order to achieve sufficient moisture in the raw gas, dedusting and degreasing.
  • the cleaning of exhaust gas in biofilters proceeds as follows: According to the version, the exhaust air originating from various exhaust air sources is conducted to the biofilter system by a fan and by delivery lines. There, the exhaust air is conditioned, as stated above, and becomes a biofilter in which the biodegradation reaction then takes place. The clean gas then emerges from the biofilter.
  • the filter material used in the biofilter must meet the requirements for low odor, a high proportion of organic substances, a large surface area, good water retention and a loose structure.
  • compost it is also known to use compost as a filter medium in biofilters.
  • compost in biofilters tends to show marginalization and channel formation.
  • a bed of compost does not have a uniform porosity. After all, compost can only be poured to a limited extent. This ensures that the biofilter does not flow evenly through the edges and through the channels formed.
  • DE-OS 3 414 044 shows the use of biomass, which may also be in pelletized form, as a filter medium.
  • the impurities to be separated off should react chemically, biologically or physically with the biomass of the filter particles and thereby form a liquid or solid substance. It is also provided that the exhausted filter particles are then used energetically by burning or gasifying "or the like".
  • Trickling filter systems consist of packing elements with a large specific surface, over which the wash water to be cleaned is applied.
  • the efficiency of the trickling filter depends on the size of the biological lawn and is given in m 2 surface area per m 3 installation volume.
  • a uniform irrigation of all packing is particularly important in order to avoid dry corners and lumps.
  • the sprinkling density plays a role only for the transfer of the pollutants into the wash water, but not for the biological degradation.
  • the invention is based on the object of entering a filter medium which does not have the disadvantages described and which can be used effectively in biofilters as a fixed bed material or in bio-washers as packing.
  • this object is achieved with a filter medium, which is characterized in that the compost, as is known per se, is in pelletized form, that the filter material contains additives, in particular mineral additives such as bentonite, zeolite and / or clay for stabilizing the pellets, where the content of additives is a maximum of 50% by weight.
  • additives in particular mineral additives such as bentonite, zeolite and / or clay for stabilizing the pellets, where the content of additives is a maximum of 50% by weight.
  • the invention also relates to a particularly favorable method for producing filter material which can be used in bio filters or bio washers and which essentially consists of compost.
  • this process is carried out in such a way that the compost is mixed with a mineral additive, such as, for example, bentonite, zeolite and / or clay, in an amount of up to 50% by weight, based on the compost, and the compost in one Pelletizing pressure between 20 and 200 bar.
  • a mineral additive such as, for example, bentonite, zeolite and / or clay
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that pelleting compost makes it possible, on the one hand, to provide the microorganisms with a source of nutrients which is effective for a long time, and, on the other hand, to make the bed in the fixed bed very uniform and thus channel formation and marginal movement avoid.
  • the compost pellets which are used according to the invention as a filter medium for biofilters, are produced by pressing. It is essential that the pellets remain stable in water, otherwise the bed of the biofilter will not remain granular.
  • the pressing pressure used during pelleting must not be too low, so that sufficiently stable and manageable pellets are obtained.
  • the compression pressure must not be chosen too high, since otherwise the pores in the pellets will be closed and the effective surface would be greatly reduced.
  • a pressure between 20 and 200 bar has proven to be advantageous.
  • mineral aggregates can be mixed in up to 50% by weight.
  • An addition of bentonite and / or zeolite has proven to be advantageous. Due to their extraordinarily high water retention capacity, bentonite and zeolite act as moisture buffers and thus support the water balance of the biofilter. In addition, bentonite, zeolite and * clay, which can be used as an additive, have a positive effect on the stability of the pressed pellets.
  • a common pelletizer e.g. a commercially available press (extruder) can be used.
  • a device suitable for producing the filter medium according to the invention is designed in the manner of a pan mill and has a preferably funnel-shaped vessel in which rollers are provided which rotate around the vertical axis of the vessel. The rollers run in a circular path on the bottom of the vessel. In the area of the path of the rollers, openings are provided in the bottom through which the material fed into the vessel from above is pressed out of the vessel in the form of strands downwards.
  • pellets can be produced, for example, consisting of six month old green compost (70% by weight) and 30% by weight bentonite.
  • a defined harmful gas was generated in the laboratory system and passed through the biofilter.
  • the composition of the filter medium in the laboratory tests waste compost 70% by weight, bentonite 20% by weight, clay 10% by weight.
  • the hydrocarbon concentration was measured before and after the biofilter with an FID (flame ionization detector).
  • a compressed air stream was first brought to about 90% relative humidity by passing it through two containers with water.
  • the pollutant gas was then produced in a further container by passing the air stream over the pollutant to be broken down and thus contaminating it.
  • a simple mixing device via two three-way cocks and a needle valve enables the pollutant concentration in the raw gas to be set.
  • the contaminated raw gas was now fed into the biofilter.
  • the filter medium was inoculated with a bacterial culture which was isolated from earth. Repeated sterile inoculation and the fermentation conditions used ensured that this culture could grow with the respective pollutant as the only carbon source.
  • the cleaned gas appeared at the top End of the reactor in the clean gas line, in which the clean gas measurements were carried out.
  • Degradation of o-cresol The concentration of o-cresol in the raw gas was chosen to be lower (approx. 350 mg C / m 3 ) because cresol has a very low vapor pressure at room temperature. Degradation rates of up to 68 g / m 3 h with a conversion of 95-100% could be demonstrated. The concentration in the clean gas was consistently below 15 mg C / m 3 . (Table 2).
  • the attached drawing shows schematically a biofilter system with two biofilters (B1, B2) connected in parallel.
  • Exhaust air is passed through a blower VI to a washer Kl, through which washing water is circulated with a pump Pl.
  • the conditioned exhaust air passes from the washer Kl into the biofilters Bl and / or B2.
  • the temperature, the relative humidity, the pollutant gas concentration and the flow velocity are measured at the points of the biofilter system designated by Q in order to record the data essential for the control of the biofilter system.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)

Abstract

Milieu filtrant utilisable dans des filtres ou des laveurs biologiques (lits bactériens) et constitué d'un maximum de 70% en poids, par exemple, de compost et de 30% en poids, par exemple, d'un additif minéral comme la bentonite. Le milieu filtrant se présente sous forme de pastilles. L'additif minéral a pour effet de stabiliser les pastilles.
PCT/AT1992/000064 1991-05-06 1992-05-05 Milieu filtrant pour filtres ou laveurs biologiques et procede pour sa preparation Ceased WO1992019357A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT940/91 1991-05-06
AT0094091A AT395684B (de) 1991-05-06 1991-05-06 Filtermedium fuer biofilter oder biowaescher und verfahren zum herstellen desselben

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992019357A1 true WO1992019357A1 (fr) 1992-11-12

Family

ID=3503343

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/AT1992/000064 Ceased WO1992019357A1 (fr) 1991-05-06 1992-05-05 Milieu filtrant pour filtres ou laveurs biologiques et procede pour sa preparation

Country Status (3)

Country Link
AT (1) AT395684B (fr)
CA (1) CA2086834A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1992019357A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0670176A1 (fr) * 1994-03-04 1995-09-06 Grontmij Advies & Techniek B.V. Filtre biologique comprenant un matériau de support biologiquement actif de compost granulé
EP0798033A1 (fr) * 1996-03-26 1997-10-01 Funder Industrie Gesellschaft M.B.H. Procédé et installation pour la purification d'air d'échappement

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2809357A1 (de) * 1978-03-04 1979-09-13 Heinz Hoelter Biologische sorption ueber erdfilter, vorzugsweise fuer kraftwerksabgase
EP0142872A1 (fr) * 1983-08-31 1985-05-29 Clair Tech B.V. Procédé et dispositif pour le traitement biologique des gaz de fumée
EP0147721A2 (fr) * 1983-12-20 1985-07-10 DECHEMA Deutsche Gesellschaft für chemisches Apparatewesen e.V. Procédé de séparation de matières gazeuses nocives, organiques, même présentes en traces, à partir de gaz d'échappement, par oxydation biologique utilisant des bactéries
EP0414095A1 (fr) * 1989-08-22 1991-02-27 OTTO LUFT- und KLIMATECHNIK GmbH & Co. KG Procédé pour nettoyage de gaz d'échappement et dispositif pour réaliser le procédé

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3414044A1 (de) * 1983-12-16 1985-06-27 Mannesmann Veba Umwelttechnik GmbH, 4690 Herne Verfahren zur entfernung von verunreinigungen aus gasstroemen und filter zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2809357A1 (de) * 1978-03-04 1979-09-13 Heinz Hoelter Biologische sorption ueber erdfilter, vorzugsweise fuer kraftwerksabgase
EP0142872A1 (fr) * 1983-08-31 1985-05-29 Clair Tech B.V. Procédé et dispositif pour le traitement biologique des gaz de fumée
EP0147721A2 (fr) * 1983-12-20 1985-07-10 DECHEMA Deutsche Gesellschaft für chemisches Apparatewesen e.V. Procédé de séparation de matières gazeuses nocives, organiques, même présentes en traces, à partir de gaz d'échappement, par oxydation biologique utilisant des bactéries
EP0414095A1 (fr) * 1989-08-22 1991-02-27 OTTO LUFT- und KLIMATECHNIK GmbH & Co. KG Procédé pour nettoyage de gaz d'échappement et dispositif pour réaliser le procédé

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0670176A1 (fr) * 1994-03-04 1995-09-06 Grontmij Advies & Techniek B.V. Filtre biologique comprenant un matériau de support biologiquement actif de compost granulé
NL9400328A (nl) * 1994-03-04 1995-10-02 Grontmij Advies & Techniek Bv Biologisch filter voorzien van een biologisch actief compost dragermateriaal en werkwijze voor het vervaardigen van een biologisch actief compost dragermateriaal.
US5578114A (en) * 1994-03-04 1996-11-26 Grontmij Advies & Techniek Bv Biological filter provided with a pelletized biologically active compost carrier material and method for the production of a pelletized biologically active compost carrier material
EP0798033A1 (fr) * 1996-03-26 1997-10-01 Funder Industrie Gesellschaft M.B.H. Procédé et installation pour la purification d'air d'échappement

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2086834A1 (fr) 1992-11-07
AT395684B (de) 1993-02-25
ATA94091A (de) 1992-07-15

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