WO1992018001A1 - Use of terpenoid compounds in agriculture or horticulture and for preparing preparations for controlling whitefly species - Google Patents
Use of terpenoid compounds in agriculture or horticulture and for preparing preparations for controlling whitefly species Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1992018001A1 WO1992018001A1 PCT/NL1992/000074 NL9200074W WO9218001A1 WO 1992018001 A1 WO1992018001 A1 WO 1992018001A1 NL 9200074 W NL9200074 W NL 9200074W WO 9218001 A1 WO9218001 A1 WO 9218001A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- terpenoid
- terpenoid compounds
- ylang
- compounds
- horticulture
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N27/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing hydrocarbons
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
Definitions
- terpenoid compounds in agriculture or horticulture and for preparing preparations for controlling whitefly species.
- the invention relates to the use of terpenoid compounds in agriculture or horticulture and for preparing preparations for
- EP-A-O 266 822 discloses that famesene, in particular E- ⁇ - farnesene, influences hormonal processes in insects and Acarina. These processes relate in particular to the development, reproduction and morphogenesis. In the case of this hormonal use, the famesene in gas or vapour form is allowed to act on the animals to be controlled in a concentration which is higher than the concentration in which famesene acts as an alarm pheromone for aphids. A preferred concentration of at least 10 nanograms per ml of air is mentioned. The following are mentioned as examples of insects and Acarina which, according to
- EP-A-O 266 822 can be controlled via the hormonal mechanism of action: whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum), green peach aphid (Myzus persicael and in general the Homoptera, red spider mite (Tetranychus urticae), thrips (Thysanoptera), house fly (Musca domestica), fruit flies (Licosins sp.), lesser mealworm beetles (Alphitobius diaperinus), Diptera,
- Lepidoptera and Coleoptera for example the cacao moth (Ephestia elutella), the cigarette beetle (Lasioderma serricorne), the confused flour beetle (Tribolium confusum) and the khapra beetle (Trogoderms granarium).
- Cockroaches Dityoptera
- bugs Heteroptera
- ants Heymenoptera
- grasshoppers Orthoptera
- the invention therefore relates to the use of terpenoid compounds in agriculture or horticulture and for preparing preparations for controlling whitefly species, the terpenoid compounds having a structure of the formula (1) in which the broken lines indicate the positions of possible C-C bonds.
- the whiteflies belong to the entomological superfeasily of the Aleurodinae;
- the genera Bemisia and Trialeurodes. in particular Bezisia tabaci and Trialeurodes vaporariorum. are of interest.
- the whiteflies belong to the family of the Aleurodidae.
- terpenoid compounds which are used according to the invention:
- caryophyllene and ⁇ -humulene in particular are found to possess a rapid and effective action.
- ylang-ylang cil has a very low toxicity for mammals, including humans.
- the use thereof in the odour and flavouring industry is generally known, J. Agric. Food Chem. 1986, 34 , 481 -487 .
- the terpenoid compounds can be in the gas or vapour form.
- the active substance is converted to the vapour or gas form in horticultural greenhouses with the aid of a so-called time-release system. Automatic dosing takes place at intervals of, for example, 10 minutes.
- the invention also relates to a method for controlling whitefly, in which method an active substance is allowed to act on the habitat of the insects to be controlled, the active substance used being at least one terpenoid compound having a structure of formula (1)
- the terpenoid compounds preferably mentioned for the method according to the invention are those which have been reported as preferred compounds for this purpose, including the indicated ylang-ylang oil.
- the sesquiterpenes being in the gas or vapour form
- the concentration of the terpenoid compounds during the treatment is between 0.1 and 1000 nanograms per ml of air, that is to say that the concentration can even be up to the saturation concentration.
- the said amounts are measured under standard conditions, that is to say a pressure of 1 atmosphere and a temperature of 20°C.
- the said concentrations of active substance can easily be achieved with the aid of, for example, slow-release systems or the dosing system described above, using spray cans.
- the use in the gas or vapour form can take place analogously to the methods described in EP-A-0266822.
- the method according to the invention can be carried out both in horticulture (use inside and outside greenhouses) and in agriculture (in the open field), although in the case of use in the open field it will be more difficult to maintain effective vapour concentrations over a prolonged period of tine.
- the plants were placed in perspex tubes of approximately 5 covered at the top with nylon gauze. About 100 adult whiteflies were placed on one plant.
- a wooden stick holding a filter paper with 1, 10, 50 or 100 mg of substance to be tested without solvent was pushed into the soil adjacent to the plant.
- a filter paper was positioned in a similar manner without applying a substance thereto.
- Results of experiments using a ten times lower dosage are given in Table 2. In this case, the animals were monitored for 11 days in order to be able to detect any possible long- term effects .
- Ylang-ylang oil was administered here in 100 mg. This amount of ylang-ylang oil contains ⁇ 0 mg of caryophyllene. Tne effects of ylang-ylang oil are, however, appreciably more powerful than those of the exclusive use of caryophyllene. 73% mortality is found after 1 day, while after 3 days all animals are dead. A separate experiment in small plastic cages of 0.5 1 was conducted to establish more precisely the effects of various dosages cf ⁇ -humulene on whitefly mortality. The results are shown in Table 3. A strong dose-effect relationship can be observed with strong and fast effects of even the smallest dose used here.
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the use of terpenoid compounds such as α- and β-humulene and (-)-β-caryophyllene for controlling whitefly species, the active substances, for example in the gas or vapour form, being allowed to act on the habitat of the insects to be controlled. The invention also relates to the use of the said compounds for preparing preparations suitable for use in agriculture and horticulture.
Description
Use of terpenoid compounds in agriculture or horticulture and for preparing preparations for controlling whitefly species.
The invention relates to the use of terpenoid compounds in agriculture or horticulture and for preparing preparations for
controlling whitefly species.
It is known that certain terpenoid compounds, for example the sesquiterpene (E)-β-famesene, cause an alarm reaction in aphids. It is also known that, when it is brought into contact in liquid form with aphids, (E)-β-farnesene exerts a lethal effect on these insects (compare EP-A-O 073 080).
EP-A-O 266 822 discloses that famesene, in particular E-β- farnesene, influences hormonal processes in insects and Acarina. These processes relate in particular to the development, reproduction and morphogenesis. In the case of this hormonal use, the famesene in gas or vapour form is allowed to act on the animals to be controlled in a concentration which is higher than the concentration in which famesene acts as an alarm pheromone for aphids. A preferred concentration of at least 10 nanograms per ml of air is mentioned. The following are mentioned as examples of insects and Acarina which, according to
EP-A-O 266 822, can be controlled via the hormonal mechanism of action: whitefly (Trialeurodes vaporariorum), green peach aphid (Myzus persicael and in general the Homoptera, red spider mite (Tetranychus urticae), thrips (Thysanoptera), house fly (Musca domestica), fruit flies (Licosins sp.), lesser mealworm beetles (Alphitobius diaperinus), Diptera,
Lepidoptera and Coleoptera, for example the cacao moth (Ephestia elutella), the cigarette beetle (Lasioderma serricorne), the confused flour beetle (Tribolium confusum) and the khapra beetle (Trogoderms granarium). Cockroaches (Dictyoptera), bugs (Heteroptera) and ants (Hymenoptera), and grasshoppers (Orthoptera) and Colorado beetles
(Coleoptera) are also mentioned.
It has now been found that certain terpenoid compounds, the structure of which is related to (E)-β-farnesene, can be used more successfully for controlling whitefly species.
The invention therefore relates to the use of terpenoid compounds in agriculture or horticulture and for preparing preparations for controlling whitefly species, the terpenoid compounds having a structure of the formula (1)
in which the broken lines indicate the positions of possible C-C bonds.
Within the framework of the present application, the whiteflies belong to the entomological superfeasily of the Aleurodinae;
specifically, the genera Bemisia and Trialeurodes. in particular Bezisia tabaci and Trialeurodes vaporariorum. are of interest. The whiteflies belong to the family of the Aleurodidae.
The following may be mentioned as terpenoid compounds which are used according to the invention:
(-)-β-caryophyllene.
Amongst these substances, caryophyllene and α-humulene in particular are found to possess a rapid and effective action.
It has been found that the essential ylang-ylang oil, which, inter alia, contains a number of terpenoid compounds, exerts a toxic action as well. This oil contains approximately 10% of caryophyllene. Reference is made to the following overview for a more complete composition:
Main components of ylang-ylang oil
8 % p-methylanisole 2 % δ-cadinene
19 % linalool 3 % γ-cadinene → α-farnesene
10 % (-)-β-caryophyllene 8 % geranyl acetate
4 % methyl benzoate 2 % geraniol
3 % α-humulene 2 % (E,E)-farnesyl acetate
10 % germacrene-D 1 % (E,E)-farnesol
5 % benzyl acetate 85% benzyl benzoate
2 % benzyl salicylate
However, it has been found that the action of ylang-ylang cil is more powerful than can be explained on the basis of the presence of caryophyllene only. This could indicate a synergistic effect of other components which are present in ylang-ylang oil and/or an effect of other toxic components. Ylang-ylang oil has a very low toxicity for mammals, including humans. The use thereof in the odour and flavouring industry is generally known, J. Agric. Food Chem. 1986, 34 , 481 -487 .
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the terpenoid compounds can be in the gas or vapour form. For example, the active substance is converted to the vapour or gas form in horticultural greenhouses with the aid of a so-called time-release system. Automatic dosing takes place at intervals of, for example, 10 minutes.
This is continued for a few days, after which the greenhouse is aired. If necessary, parasites such as ichneumonid wasps can be employed after the treatment with the terpenoid compound. Usually, this type of rounding-off of the control of the whitefly is not necessary. However, it should be pointed out that the use of the terpenoid compounds can readily be combined with biological control techniques.
The invention also relates to a method for controlling whitefly, in which method an active substance is allowed to act on the habitat of the insects to be controlled, the active substance used being at least one terpenoid compound having a structure of formula (1)
in which the broken lines indicate the positions of possible C-C bonds..
The terpenoid compounds preferably mentioned for the method according to the invention are those which have been reported as preferred compounds for this purpose, including the indicated ylang-ylang oil.
In an embodiment of the method according to the invention, the sesquiterpenes being in the gas or vapour form, it is preferable that the concentration of the terpenoid compounds during the treatment is between 0.1 and 1000 nanograms per ml of air, that is to say that the concentration can even be up to the saturation concentration. The said amounts are measured under standard conditions, that is to say a pressure of 1 atmosphere and a temperature of 20°C. The said concentrations of active substance can easily be achieved with the aid of, for example,
slow-release systems or the dosing system described above, using spray cans. The use in the gas or vapour form can take place analogously to the methods described in EP-A-0266822. The method according to the invention can be carried out both in horticulture (use inside and outside greenhouses) and in agriculture (in the open field), although in the case of use in the open field it will be more difficult to maintain effective vapour concentrations over a prolonged period of tine.
It should be emphasized that killing of whitefly is also possible by direct spraying with the terpenoid compounds, for example by using a mist of very fine droplets of the substances. Tests have shown that all animals are killed in the case of direct spraying.
Examples
In all experiments greenhouse whiteflies (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) were cultured on large tobacco plants (Kicotiana xanthi). Approximately one week old adult whiteflies were collected from this mother culture and transferred to small tobacco plants. The animals were then used in various experiments. All experiments were carried out at a temperature of 18-20ºC and a light regime of 18 hours light and 6 hours dark. Small tobacco plants were grown from seed in small flowerpots having a diameter of 10 cm, under the light of a high-pressure mercury vapour lamp. The light regime was identical to that just described.
Unambiguous and reproducible results were obtained in experiments with greenhouse whiteflies on the small tobacco plants already mentioned.
For this purpose, the plants were placed in perspex tubes of approximately 5 covered at the top with nylon gauze. About 100 adult whiteflies were placed on one plant.
A wooden stick holding a filter paper with 1, 10, 50 or 100 mg of substance to be tested without solvent was pushed into the soil adjacent to the plant. In the control group a filter paper was positioned in a similar manner without applying a substance thereto.
It can be seen from Table 1 that caryophyllene is toxic for whiteflies and paralysis occurs amongst the animals, from which they do not recover anymore. After 1 day 82% are already dead. (E)-β-farnesene, used for comparison, is also toxic (see Table 1). In this case we find 74% mortality after 2 days. The substance α-humulene has a similar effect: three days after application of 100 mg a high mortality of 94 % was observed.
Table 1
Terpenoid Mortality ( % ) after
(100 mg) 1 day 2 days 3 days 4 days
(E)-β-farnesene - 74 - -
(-)-β-caryophyllene 82 - - 100 α-humulene 3 - 94
no treatment 0 0 18 18
Results of experiments using a ten times lower dosage are given in Table 2. In this case, the animals were monitored for 11 days in order to be able to detect any possible long- term effects .
Table 2
Terpenoid Mortality (%) after day
(10 mg) 1 2 3 5 6 8 9 11
(E)-β-farnesene 15 15 - 24 - - 37 41 ( -)-β-caryophyllene 18 - 24 - 27 31 - - ylang-ylang oil* 73 - 100 - - - - - no treatment 3 10 - 10 21 29 - -
100 mg of this oil were administered.
At a dosage of 10 mg, the effects fall far short of being-as powerful as those at 100 mg. Moreover, the mortality is also found to increase slowly in the untreated group. It is evident that (-)-β-caryophyllene, but especially ylang-ylang oil, has a more rapid action than the famesene used for comparison.
Ylang-ylang oil was administered here in 100 mg. This amount of ylang-ylang oil contains Ϊ0 mg of caryophyllene. Tne effects of ylang-ylang oil are, however, appreciably more powerful than those of the exclusive use of caryophyllene. 73% mortality is found after 1 day, while after 3 days all animals are dead.
A separate experiment in small plastic cages of 0.5 1 was conducted to establish more precisely the effects of various dosages cf α-humulene on whitefly mortality. The results are shown in Table 3. A strong dose-effect relationship can be observed with strong and fast effects of even the smallest dose used here.
Claims
1. Use of terpenoid compounds in agriculture or horticulture and for preparing preparations for controlling whitefly species, the terpenoid compounds having a structure of the formula (1)
in which the broken lines indicate the positions of possible C-C bonds.
2. Use according to Claim 1, the terpenoid compounds being chosen from α-humulene, β-humulene and (-)-β-caryophyllene.
3. Use according to Claim 1 or 2, the terpenoid compounds being in the form of ylang-ylang oil.
4. Use according to Claims 1-3, the terpenoid compounds being in the gas or vapour form.
5. Method for controlling whitefly species, in which method an active substance is allowed to act on the habitat of the insects to be controlled, the active compound used being at least one terpenoid compound having a structure of formula (1) 
in which the broken lines indicate the positions of possible C-C bonds.
6. Method according to Claim 5. characterised in that the terpenoid compounds are chosen from α-humulene, β-humulene and (-)-β-caryophyllene.
7. Method according to Claim 5 or 6, the terpenoid compound being in the form of ylang-ylang oil.
8. Method according to Claims 5-7. the terpenoid compounds being in the gas or vapour form.
9- Method according to Claim 8, the concentration of the terpenoid compounds being between 0.1 and 1000 nanograms per ml.
10. Method according to Claims 5-8, the insects being sprayed directly with the terpenoid compound or a preparation which contains such a compound.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP4509296A JPH06506462A (en) | 1991-04-19 | 1992-04-15 | Use of terpenoid compounds in agriculture or horticulture and in the manufacture of preparations for controlling white fly species |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NL9100688A NL9100688A (en) | 1991-04-19 | 1991-04-19 | USE OF TERPENOID COMPOUNDS IN AGRICULTURAL OR GARDEN CONSTRUCTION AND FOR THE PREPARATION OF PREPARATIONS FOR THE CONTROL OF WHITE FLY SPECIES. |
| NL9100688 | 1991-04-19 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1992018001A1 true WO1992018001A1 (en) | 1992-10-29 |
Family
ID=19859158
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/NL1992/000074 Ceased WO1992018001A1 (en) | 1991-04-19 | 1992-04-15 | Use of terpenoid compounds in agriculture or horticulture and for preparing preparations for controlling whitefly species |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0583315A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH06506462A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL9100688A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1992018001A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0843965A1 (en) * | 1996-11-22 | 1998-05-27 | Abion Corporation Co. Ltd. | A method of protecting agricultural products |
| WO2006037194A1 (en) | 2004-10-01 | 2006-04-13 | Aché Laboratórios Farmacêuticos S.A. | Use of caryophyllenes in the manufacture of medicaments and treatment of bodily conditions of inflammation and inflammatory pain |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0266822A1 (en) * | 1986-10-16 | 1988-05-11 | Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno | Use of farnesene in agriculture or horticulture or in the protection of stocks, or for the preparation of products, and also method for controlling insects and acarids by using farnesene |
-
1991
- 1991-04-19 NL NL9100688A patent/NL9100688A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
1992
- 1992-04-15 JP JP4509296A patent/JPH06506462A/en active Pending
- 1992-04-15 EP EP19920909692 patent/EP0583315A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1992-04-15 WO PCT/NL1992/000074 patent/WO1992018001A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0266822A1 (en) * | 1986-10-16 | 1988-05-11 | Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno | Use of farnesene in agriculture or horticulture or in the protection of stocks, or for the preparation of products, and also method for controlling insects and acarids by using farnesene |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| Biological Abstracts, vol. 69, no. 11, 1980, (Philadelphia, PA, US), H.M. FLINT et al.: "Caryophyllene: an attractant for the green lacewing", see abstract no. 70815, & ENVIRON. ENTOMOL. 8(6): 1123-1126, 1979[RECD. 1980], see abstract * |
| Chemical Abstracts, vol. 102, no. 25, 24 June 1985, (Columbus, Ohio, US), J.A. PICKETT et al.: "Pheromones in the management of beneficial insects", see page 233, abstract no. 216796m, & PROC. - BR. CROP. PROT. CONF.--PESTS DIS. 1984, (1), 247-54, see abstract * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0843965A1 (en) * | 1996-11-22 | 1998-05-27 | Abion Corporation Co. Ltd. | A method of protecting agricultural products |
| WO2006037194A1 (en) | 2004-10-01 | 2006-04-13 | Aché Laboratórios Farmacêuticos S.A. | Use of caryophyllenes in the manufacture of medicaments and treatment of bodily conditions of inflammation and inflammatory pain |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NL9100688A (en) | 1992-11-16 |
| EP0583315A1 (en) | 1994-02-23 |
| JPH06506462A (en) | 1994-07-21 |
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