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WO1992014016A1 - Module structurel pliable/extensible a organe telescopique - Google Patents

Module structurel pliable/extensible a organe telescopique Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1992014016A1
WO1992014016A1 PCT/US1992/000447 US9200447W WO9214016A1 WO 1992014016 A1 WO1992014016 A1 WO 1992014016A1 US 9200447 W US9200447 W US 9200447W WO 9214016 A1 WO9214016 A1 WO 9214016A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
framework
rod elements
hubs
rod
hub
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US1992/000447
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Theodore R. Zeigler
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
World Shelters Inc
Original Assignee
World Shelters Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by World Shelters Inc filed Critical World Shelters Inc
Publication of WO1992014016A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992014016A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/343—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport
    • E04B1/344—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport with hinged parts
    • E04B1/3441—Structures characterised by movable, separable, or collapsible parts, e.g. for transport with hinged parts with articulated bar-shaped elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
    • B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
    • B64G99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
    • E04H12/18—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures movable or with movable sections, e.g. rotatable or telescopic
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
    • E04H15/18—Tents having plural sectional covers, e.g. pavilions, vaulted tents, marquees, circus tents; Plural tents, e.g. modular
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
    • E04H15/32—Parts, components, construction details, accessories, interior equipment, specially adapted for tents, e.g. guy-line equipment, skirts, thresholds
    • E04H15/322—Stretching devices
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
    • E04H15/32—Parts, components, construction details, accessories, interior equipment, specially adapted for tents, e.g. guy-line equipment, skirts, thresholds
    • E04H15/34—Supporting means, e.g. frames
    • E04H15/44—Supporting means, e.g. frames collapsible, e.g. breakdown type
    • E04H15/46—Supporting means, e.g. frames collapsible, e.g. breakdown type telescoping and foldable

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to structural modules that can be selectively expanded into three-dimensional frameworks and collapsed into compact bundles of rod elements.
  • Structural modules capable of being manipulated between a collapsed, bundled condition and an expanded, locked condition presenting a rigid, three-dimensional space-frame are described in my prior U.S. Patents No. 4,473,986; No. 4,689,932; No. 4,761,929; and No. 4,838,003.
  • the structures have sufficient structural integrity in the expanded form due to stresses induced in the framework incidental to expansion to render the structures self-supporting either with or without any extraneous locking means, such as split-hub locking assemblies.
  • the present invention permits the staged erection of large frameworks from the ground up, preferably using the frameworks including split-hub locking means described in the above-cited patents, by incorporating members having selectively adjustable lengths at predetermined locations in the framework.
  • the present invention provides a collapsible framework comprising a plurality of rod members, predetermined ones of which are selectively adjustable and self-locking.
  • the framework comprises a plurality of substantially half- octahedral forms joined by substantially tetrahedral forms, the bases of adjacent half-octahedrons being joined by common elements that form edges of the tetrahedrons and the peaks of predetermined adjacent half-octahedrons being joined by selectively adjustable elements that form other edges of the tetrahedrons.
  • Such a structural framework capable of being manipulated between a collapsed condition and an expanded, locked condition comprises a plurality of rod elements disposed generally in parallel with one another and in a bundle when said framework is in the collapsed condition, selected ones of the rod elements being extensible and including means for releasably locking the rod elements at respective predetermined lengths to impart a predetermined shape to the framework in the expanded condition.
  • the framework further includes a plurality of hubs, each hub being disposed at a respective end of each of the plurality of rod elements and pivotally joining the rod elements so that the rod elements expand into a framework and certain of the hubs defining split-hub assemblies, and means for locking the hubs defining the split-hub assemblies together to maintain the framework in the expanded condition.
  • FIGS. 1A, IB, and 1C show the general arrangement of half-octahedral and tetrahedral forms in one embodiment of the present invention
  • FIGS. 2A, 2B, and 2C show cross-sectional views of the central portions of a preferred embodiment of an extensible rod
  • FIGS. 3 , 3B, and 3C show another embodiment including two extensible rods of a curved framework in the bundled, partially erected, and fully erect conditions, respectively;
  • FIGS. 4A, 4B, and 4C show three exemplary structures;
  • FIGS. 5A-5G show the sequence of operations that could be used to raise the structure shown in FIG. 4C;
  • FIGS. 6A, 6B, and 6C show exemplary structures having different curvatures and horizontal extents.
  • FIGS. 7A and 7B show an embodiment of split-hub assembly for use in the structures.
  • FIGS. 1A - 1C illustrate the general arrangement of substantially half-octahedral and substantially tetrahedral forms in one embodiment of the present invention.
  • Rods or struts 10 - 13 are pivotally joined to respective hubs 14 - 17 and form the base of one half- octahedral module or body substantially in the manner shown in FIG. 3 of my prior U.S. Patents No. 4,473,986 and No. 4,761,929.
  • One end of each of rods 19 - 22 is pivotally joined to a peak hub 18, and the other ends of rods 19 and 20 are so joined to hubs 14 and 16, respectively.
  • rods 21 and 22 are pivotally connected to hubs 23 and 24, respectively, which form lockable split-hub assemblies or pairs with hubs 15 and 17, respectively.
  • peak hub 18 also forms one element of a split-hub configuration, and the configuration of the split-hub assemblies may be that disclosed in my prior patents that have been incorporated here by reference or the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 7A and 7B.
  • the rods 10 - 13 are preferably of equal length; that the rods 19 - 22 are also of equal length; and that the lengths of the two groups of rods are preferably, although not necessarily, equal.
  • the three hubs 15, 17, and 18 are disposed at one end of the bundle; the hubs 14, 16, 23, and 24 are disposed at the bundle's other end; and the rods are disposed generally in parallel with one another.
  • substantially half-octahedral modules are combined by arranging for the adjacent modules to share one side of their bases. Additional peak and base hubs are provided corresponding to those above-described.
  • the peak hubs of adjacent half-octahedral modules are joined by additional rods that have ends configured for forming split-hub assemblies, e.g., hubs 18 and 18-1 are joined by rod 26, and as noted in my earlier patents, the length of these additional rods determines the angle between the planes of adjacent modules.
  • an additional rod 27 is provided as shown in FIGS. 1A - 1C that is selectively extendable, is self-locking at a predetermined length, and includes an extension-limiting stop.
  • a straight, or uncurved, framework is provided. Setting the adjustable rod 27 at a second, longer extension provides a curved framework as illustrated in FIG.
  • FIGS. 2A - 2C cross-sectional views of the central portions of a preferred embodiment of the adjustable rod 27 are shown for three extensions that may be considered as generally corresponding to FIGS. 1A - 1C.
  • the rod 27 advantageously is formed of two telescoping tubes 271 and 272 made of a metal such as steel or aluminum and having specially shaped ends. As described above, the other ends of the rod 27 are pivotally joined to hubs for engaging in split-hub assemblies the peak hubs of adjacent half-octahedral bodies.
  • the special shaping of the ends of the tubes 271 and 272 provides the above-described features needed for erecting large structural frameworks.
  • the ends of the tubes 271 and 272 can be formed by conventional metal working processes, and for applications in which low weight is particularly desirable, the tubes could be formed of other materials, including plastics and composites. Whatever the material selected, it should have sufficient strength after forming to prevent the tube 272 from being completely extracted from the tube 271.
  • the end of tube 271 preferably includes a depression 273, which may or may not extend completely around its circumference, that, in cooperation with a correspondingly dimensioned flared portion 274 on the end of tube 272, acts as an extension-limiting stop for the adjustable rod 27, thereby preventing the complete withdrawal of tube 272 from tube 271 as shown in FIG. 2B.
  • the inner diameter of the end of tube 271 is also preferably reduced to approach the outer diameter of the tube 272, thereby limiting the amount of axial misalignment of the tubes.
  • FIGS. 2A - 2C One embodiment of a means for locking the adjustable rods at a predetermined extension is also shown in FIGS. 2A - 2C.
  • the end of tube 272 includes a spring locking member 275 that may be separately formed and disposed within the tube 274.
  • the locking member 275 advantageously comprises a narrow strip of folded spring steel including a buttonhead 276 formed at one end.
  • a buttonhead 276 Such a device is commercially available as part no. A-130 from Valley Tool & Die Co., N. Royalton, Ohio. Buttonhead 276 projects through tu ⁇ .
  • the hubs on the ends of rod 27 limit rotation of the tubes 271 and 272 with respect to each other, thereby permitting reliable engagement of the locking mechanism, and by selecting the location of the aperture, the extension of the adjustable rod can be selected. It will be further appreciated that the locking mechanism can be disengaged and the extensible rod and structure collapsed by simply forcing the buttonhead 276 back through the aperture in the tube 271.
  • the locking mechanism may include more than one buttonhead (and the tube a corresponding number of apertures therefor) for ensuring the mechanism's engagement.
  • FIGS. 3A - 3C show another embodiment including two adjustable rod members 27 of a curved framework in the bundled, partially erected, and fully erect conditions, respectively.
  • the other rod members and hubs of the framework may advantageously be those described in my prior U.S. patents that have been incorporated by reference above or the hubs described herein.
  • six split-hub assemblies are forme.d by engaging predetermined ones of the hubs, indicated as fully blackened circles, with appropriate other hubs, indicated as open circles.
  • the combined split-hub assemblies are indicated in FIG. 3C by the six partially blackened circles.
  • the adjustable rods 27 render the framework curved in one direction (substantially from left to right in FIG. 3C) and straight in the orthogonal direction.
  • rigid rod members 26 shown in FIG. 3C could be replaced by adjustable rods to obtain a framework curved in both directions.
  • rod members both rigid and adjustable
  • tension cables 28 connecting diagonally opposed half-octahedral base hubs and indicated by the dotted lines.
  • the cables 28 provide additional strength and structural rigidity to the half-octahedrons.
  • cables 28 are not illustrated in the other figures.
  • the rigidity provided by tension cables 28 can instead be provided by suitably strengthened hubs, but the cables have the advantage of being flexible, thereby facilitating collapse of the framework into a bundle.
  • other forms of tension member could be provided, for example, hinged rod members.
  • FIGS. 4A - 4C show three exemplary structures that could be used as aircraft or vehicle shelters or for other purposes.
  • the collapsed and expanded structural frameworks are illustrated on the left sides of the figures, and the same frameworks covered by a flexible fabric or other shell material are illustrated on the right sides of the figures.
  • FIGS. 4A - 4C show three exemplary structures that could be used as aircraft or vehicle shelters or for other purposes.
  • the collapsed and expanded structural frameworks are illustrated on the left sides of the figures, and the same frameworks covered by a flexible fabric or other shell material are illustrated on the right sides of the figures.
  • one of the great advantages provided by the extensible rod element described above is that they can easily be constructed from the ground up.
  • the present structures are pre-assembled and require no additional components, which could be misplaced.
  • FIG. 5A - 5G show the sequence of operations that could be used to raise the structure shown in FIG. 4C.
  • FIG. 5A shows the structural framework in a collapsed condition in which the lengths of four fixed rods 26 and ten extensible rods 27 are substantially equal and correspond generally to the condition illustrated in FIG. 2A as indicated by the A legend.
  • FIG. 5B shows the framework expanded into a linear state such as that illustrated in FIG. 1A, and the lengths of the extensible members are still as in FIG. 5A.
  • the split-hub assemblies can be formed with the structural framework conveniently located on the supporting surface and without the need for cranes or other equipment.
  • FIG. 5C shows the framework after the central portion has been raised from ground level.
  • the central two extensible rods 27 are locked in position at lengths such as those illustrated in FIG. 2C as indicated by the C legend.
  • the extensible rods 27 located at the transition from the raised to ground levels have extended lengths such as those illustrated in FIG. 2B as indicated by the B legend.
  • FIG. 5D As the central portion increases in height (FIG. 5D) , the lengths of those extensible members decrease until they are locked into place at lengths C as the adjacent rods 27 extend to length B.
  • the sequence of extension and contraction continues (FIGS. 5E - 5G) until the structural framework is completely erected.
  • the extensible rods 27 should now be appreciated as permitting the structural framework to be erected from the ground up with a minimum of support equipment. Indeed, for sufficiently lightweight framework elements, the structure can be erected by hand without leaving the ground.
  • the above-described self- actuating locking mechanisms enable the extensible rod elements to lock themselves in position without requiring additional effort, which might otherwise have required an elevated platform.
  • the expandability (to length B) and contractibility (to length C) of the rods 27 also facilitates ground-up erection by permitting a low-stress transition between raised and ground-level portions of the structure (see, e.g., FIG. 5B) .
  • the extensible rod's extension-limiting stop prevents over- extending (and potentially disassembling) the telescoping rod elements.
  • the shape of the erected framework is determined, and thus can be selected, by the position of the extensible rods 27 as seen from the above-described figures and from FIGS. 6A - 6C.
  • FIG. 6A a structure having a continuous curvature is obtained by including no rigid rod elements 26;
  • FIGS. 6B and 6C illustrate how the height and horizontal extent of the erected structure can be selected by varying the number and position of extensible and rigid rod elements 27 and 26, respectively, as well as the amount of extension of the former.
  • FIGS. 7A and 7B show side and top views, respectively, of another embodiment of a lockable split- hub assembly that is preferred for use in large structural frameworks such as an aircraft hangar as a result of certain advantages over the split-hub designs disclosed in my prior U.S. patents.
  • the split-hub assembly 180 comprises an upper hub
  • FIG. 7A also shows a rod member 126 and a tension cable 128 pivotally joined to the upper hub 181 (only one rod member and one cable are shown for clarity) and a means 130 for attaching a fabric or other covering 132 to the assembly 180.
  • hubs 181 and 182 are preferably sheet metal or other material and have substantially similar cruciform shapes that permit the two hubs to interlock when assembled, thereby preventing rotation of one relative to the other.
  • the pivotable connections of rod members 126 to the hubs 181 and 182 are conveniently established by pins 127 or similar means, and tension cables 128 may be conveniently pivotably attached to the hubs by lugs 129 engaging the same pins.
  • the hubs preferably permit substantially unrestricted rotation of the rods about the pin axes to facilitate assembly and disassembly of the framework.
  • a prototype of the hubs has been assembled from commercially available wall-shelving brackets comprising stamped sheet steel approximately 3/64-inch thick and 2 and 7/8-inches wide that were modified as illustrated in the figures and pivotally joined by pins to aluminum tubes of approximately 3/4-inch outside diameter and 1/16-inch diameter spun steel tension cables. Using such components, a 58-foot-long arched beam has been successfully constructed. It will thus be appreciated that pivotally joining the rods to the hubs in this way reduces the cost and complexity of these elements in comparison to the blade-type pivotable hub connections described in my prior U.S. patents. Besides the ease of making such connections, the adaptability of the framework is enhanced because larger rods may be used within the same space and the size of the rods may be changed with little difficulty.
  • the hub locking mechanism 183 (seen most clearly in FIG. 7A) advantageously comprises a metal tube 184 for disposition through central holes in the hubs 181 and 182 and a resilient lock member 185 disposed within the tube 184.
  • Member 185 preferably comprises a shaped spring steel member having opposed buttonheads 186 and opposed retaining ears 187 that protrude through correspondingly dimensioned apertures in the tube 184.
  • the operation of member 185 is substantially similar to that of the rod locking mechanism 275 described above.
  • the tube 184 may be permanently fastened to one or the other of the hubs, or alternatively the outer surface of the tube 184 may have a circumferential lip 188 limiting its motion into the hubs and permitting free actuation of the buttonheads 186.
  • the locking mechanism 183 releasably retains the hubs 181 and 182 in the interlocked position shown in FIG. 7A.
  • the split-hub assembly 180 have the capability of releasably attaching a fabric or other covering 132 to the framework.
  • the tube 184 be dimensioned so that a means 130 for attaching the fabric may releasably engage the tube 184.
  • Such a means 130 advantageously comprises a hub-like disc having an upstanding, bifurcated stub presenting headed tips 133 for releasably engaging the tube 184 substantially in the manner described in my U.S. Patent No. 4,473,986 that has been incorporated by reference.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Tents Or Canopies (AREA)

Abstract

Structure pliable comprenant une pluralité de barres (10 à 13) dont certaines sont sélectivement réglables en longueur et sont autobloquantes. Dans sa forme la plus simple, ladite structure comprend une pluralité de formes semi-octaédriques jointes par des formes tétraédriques, les bases des semi-octaèdres adjacents étant jointes par des éléments communs formant les arêtes des tétraèdres, les sommets de semi-octaèdres adjacents prédéterminés étant joints par des éléments sélectivement réglables formant d'autres arêtes des tétraèdres. Le cadre structurel peut passer d'un état plié à un état déployé verrouillé et inversement, il comprend une pluralité de barres disposées généralement en parallèle les unes par rapport aux autres et en une botte lorsque ladite structure est pliée, certaines des barres étant extensibles et comprenant des dispositifs (275) permettant de verrouiller de manière libérable les barres à des longueurs prédéterminées respectives afin de donner à la structure une forme prédéterminée lorsqu'elle est déployée. La structure comprend également une pluralité de moyeux (14 à 17), chaque moyeu étant disposé à une extrémité respective de chacune des barres et reliant de manière pivotante lesdites barres de manière que ces dernières s'étendent pour former une structure avec certains des moyeux définissant des ensembles moyeux fendus, ainsi que des dispositifs permettant de bloquer ensemble les moyeux définissant les ensembles moyeux fendus afin de maintenir la structure déployée.
PCT/US1992/000447 1991-02-01 1992-01-31 Module structurel pliable/extensible a organe telescopique Ceased WO1992014016A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US649,031 1984-09-10
US64903191A 1991-02-01 1991-02-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992014016A1 true WO1992014016A1 (fr) 1992-08-20

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Family Applications (1)

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PCT/US1992/000447 Ceased WO1992014016A1 (fr) 1991-02-01 1992-01-31 Module structurel pliable/extensible a organe telescopique

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WO (1) WO1992014016A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2951207A1 (fr) * 2009-10-09 2011-04-15 Spantech France Poutre treillis repliable, ferme et construction incluant une telle poutre
CN105464466A (zh) * 2015-01-23 2016-04-06 马赛英 一种新型轿车户外多用途篷帐产品及制作方法
CN114802815A (zh) * 2022-05-13 2022-07-29 南京航空航天大学 一种面向在轨组装的基于菱角锁对接的剪铰式通用化模块

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2855617A (en) * 1953-03-12 1958-10-14 Broms Karl Gustaf Arne Bridge supporting structure
FR1582040A (fr) * 1968-03-21 1969-09-26
US4069832A (en) * 1976-08-18 1978-01-24 Bingham Andrew M Collapsible rod and joint structure forming a tetrahedral or similar frame
DE3123482A1 (de) * 1981-06-13 1982-12-30 Josef 7100 Heilbronn Serwe Knotenverbindung fuer ein raumtragwerk
US4655022A (en) * 1984-07-12 1987-04-07 Japan Aircraft Mfg. Co., Ltd. Jointed extendible truss beam
US4791761A (en) * 1982-09-30 1988-12-20 John Goudie Associates, Inc. Lockable display frame
US4809471A (en) * 1988-06-03 1989-03-07 William J. Wichman Diagonal assembly for folding display frames

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2855617A (en) * 1953-03-12 1958-10-14 Broms Karl Gustaf Arne Bridge supporting structure
FR1582040A (fr) * 1968-03-21 1969-09-26
US4069832A (en) * 1976-08-18 1978-01-24 Bingham Andrew M Collapsible rod and joint structure forming a tetrahedral or similar frame
DE3123482A1 (de) * 1981-06-13 1982-12-30 Josef 7100 Heilbronn Serwe Knotenverbindung fuer ein raumtragwerk
US4791761A (en) * 1982-09-30 1988-12-20 John Goudie Associates, Inc. Lockable display frame
US4655022A (en) * 1984-07-12 1987-04-07 Japan Aircraft Mfg. Co., Ltd. Jointed extendible truss beam
US4809471A (en) * 1988-06-03 1989-03-07 William J. Wichman Diagonal assembly for folding display frames

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2951207A1 (fr) * 2009-10-09 2011-04-15 Spantech France Poutre treillis repliable, ferme et construction incluant une telle poutre
WO2011051587A1 (fr) * 2009-10-09 2011-05-05 Spantech France (Societe A Responsabilite Limitee) Poutre treillis repliable, ferme et construction incluant une telle poutre
US8851096B2 (en) 2009-10-09 2014-10-07 Crescential Collapsible lattice beam, truss and construction including such a beam
CN105464466A (zh) * 2015-01-23 2016-04-06 马赛英 一种新型轿车户外多用途篷帐产品及制作方法
CN114802815A (zh) * 2022-05-13 2022-07-29 南京航空航天大学 一种面向在轨组装的基于菱角锁对接的剪铰式通用化模块
CN114802815B (zh) * 2022-05-13 2024-05-24 南京航空航天大学 一种面向在轨组装的基于菱角锁对接的剪铰式通用化模块

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