WO1992007373A1 - Isolating switch - Google Patents
Isolating switch Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1992007373A1 WO1992007373A1 PCT/AT1991/000108 AT9100108W WO9207373A1 WO 1992007373 A1 WO1992007373 A1 WO 1992007373A1 AT 9100108 W AT9100108 W AT 9100108W WO 9207373 A1 WO9207373 A1 WO 9207373A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- contact
- semiconductor element
- auxiliary
- main
- main contact
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H31/34—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means with movable contact adapted to engage an overhead transmission line, e.g. for branching
- H01H31/36—Contact moved by pantograph
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/54—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switching device and for which no provision exists elsewhere
- H01H9/541—Contacts shunted by semiconductor devices
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/02—Details
- H01H33/59—Circuit arrangements not adapted to a particular application of the switch and not otherwise provided for, e.g. for ensuring operation of the switch at a predetermined point in the AC cycle
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/30—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
- H01H9/38—Auxiliary contacts on to which the arc is transferred from the main contacts
Definitions
- the invention relates to an isolating switch, in particular a single-column scissor isolating switch, which has two main contacts and two auxiliary contacts, one auxiliary contact being assigned to one main contact and the auxiliary contact opening at a time after the main contact.
- isolating switches are provided for switching almost without current. Furthermore, when the disconnector is open, there must be a visible one
- Separation distance must be recognizable.
- An assigned power switch ensures that the isolating switch is disconnected.
- Disconnectors are also used where, for example, different busbars are to be switched among themselves.
- switching operations which in principle have to be carried out without current, so-called commutation currents occur at low voltage.
- Displacement currents are also unavoidable in these almost currentless switching operations.
- switch-on and switch-off arcs due to the commutation currents and displacement currents described above.
- the isolating switch If the isolating switch is closed, it must be able to carry both high operating currents and short-circuit currents that occur for a short time until they are disconnected by an assigned circuit breaker. To meet these requirements The main contacts as well as the counter-contact pieces of such isolating switches must always be in perfect condition, for example they must not show any damage due to erosion. This damage caused by erosion leads to increased contact resistance between the mating contact piece and the main contact, as a result of which the required operational safety is severely impaired.
- Single-column scissor-type isolating switches are known in which the previously described requirements for isolating switches are solved in such a way that two auxiliary contacts are provided, which are arranged next to the two main contacts and only open after the main contacts.
- the two auxiliary contacts are connected in parallel to the main contacts.
- auxiliary contacts are located at a short distance from the main contacts, which, when the single-column scissor-type isolating switch is opened, can result in the Abri3 f arc not remaining in the area of the auxiliary contacts, but rather jumping over to the main contacts and there leads to damage by burning.
- DE 3210155 AI suggests the installation of a separate isolating contact, in the region of which the Abri arc is to occur.
- This isolating contact represents the actual isolating distance of the auxiliary contact.
- the isolating contact which is realized with two contact brackets, is arranged electrically between a main contact and an auxiliary contact. When opening the single-column scissor-type switch, the main contacts first lift off Counter contact piece. Then the isolating contact opens and only then the auxiliary contacts.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of realizing a circuit breaker, in particular single-column scissors circuit breaker, in which a high degree of operational reliability is ensured.
- the aim of simple means is to keep the arc duration very short, as a result of which the erosion on the contact surfaces of the auxiliary contact and of the counter-contact piece practically does not occur.
- the object is achieved by the invention.
- This is characterized in that in each case a semiconductor element, in particular a diode or a
- Thyristor is connected between the first or second main contact and the associated auxiliary contact such that the anode is conductively connected to one semiconductor element and the cathode is connected to the associated main contact in the other semiconductor element.
- Another embodiment of the invention provides for the use of semiconductor elements embodied in a wafer construction.
- a further development of the invention consists in that a tensioning device is placed on the outward-facing end of the main contact, the main contact being non-rotatably clamped between an insulated base plate and an electrically conductive intermediate plate, and the semiconductor element being between the electrically conductive one Intermediate plate and an electrically conductive clamping plate is tensioned, and that base plate and intermediate plate have bores aligned on both sides of the main contact for receiving screw connections consisting of screws and nuts, and that intermediate plate and clamping plate have bores aligned on both sides of the semiconductor element for receiving insulated inserts consisting of screws and Have nuts of existing screw connections.
- An advantage of this structure is the simple retrofittability, which requires little downtime of single-column scissor disconnectors that are already in operation.
- the base plate on the side of the main contact facing the auxiliary contact has a projection on which the outward end of the auxiliary contact can be fixed, and that the electrically conductive connection between the anode or cathode of the semiconductor elements and the respectively associated one Auxiliary contact is carried out by means of an electrically conductive connecting piece, preferably a copper cable, the connecting piece conductively connecting the clamping plate to the auxiliary contact.
- a special embodiment of the invention provides for the semiconductor element to be installed in the shielding ball.
- the shielding ball which acts as a Faraday cage, effectively remedies the strong electromagnetic fields occurring in the area of busbars. These fields could interfere with the very sensitive PN transitions of the semiconductor element or even put them out of operation.
- the shielding ball is hollow and consists of two parts, which are preferably connected with screw connections.
- a special development of the invention consists in that a clamping device is provided in the lower shielding ball half for fixing the semiconductor element, and that the lower shielding ball half is screwed into the upper end of the main contact.
- the advantage of this development is that the conductive connection between the semiconductor element, shielding ball and main contact can be carried out in a simple and contact-safe manner.
- the contact between the semiconductor element and the auxiliary contact takes place via a contact piece which is connected to the conductive clamping plate, the conductive clamping plate being pressed against the contact surface of the semiconductor element by means of an insulating piece, clamping springs and two insulated clamping bolts.
- This feature has the advantage that only two simply designed elements are required for contacting between the semiconductor element and the auxiliary contact, as a result of which the number of connections of current-carrying parts is kept low. This results in an increase in Operational reliability and a low overall contact resistance. Another advantage is that the simple connecting elements are inexpensive.
- the insulating piece has a spherical shape on the side facing away from the semiconductor.
- the insulating piece takes over the function of the spherical cap normally used for clamping semiconductor elements, as a result of which the semiconductor element is clamped more easily and more reliably.
- the contact piece between the lower and upper shielding ball part is led out in an isolated manner and connected to the upper end of the auxiliary contact.
- This embodiment of the invention offers the advantage that, due to the insulation of the contact piece, the voltage distances to be maintained from the main contact can be kept low.
- Another embodiment of the invention provides that the lower half of the shielding ball has a recess at the point where the contact piece is led out.
- the small recess held in the lower half of the shielding ball is a very complex and thus expensive implementation unnecessary, and the recess does not interfere with the function of the Faraday cage.
- FIG. 1 shows a basic illustration of the single-column scissor-type circuit breaker according to the invention, while in FIG. 2 a clamping device for the assembly of a semiconductor element in disk construction is shown. 3 the principle of the single column
- the single column scissor disconnector is shown in the open position.
- the diodes 5, 6 are arranged such that the diode 5 with the anode on the main contact 1 and with the cathode on the auxiliary contact 3, but the diode 6 with the cathode is connected to the main contact 2 and with the anode to the auxiliary contact 4.
- the disconnector When the disconnector is opened, the main contacts 1, 2 first lift off from a mating contact piece 7. The current now flows from the mating contact piece 7, depending on the half-wave, via the auxiliary contact 3 or 4 and the associated diode 5 or 6 to the main contact 1 or 2 Formation of an arc, which depending on the half-wave between
- FIG. 2 shows the schematic representation of a clamping device for the mounting and contacting of a semiconductor element 5 on a main contact 1.
- An electrically conductive intermediate plate 28 is mounted on the main contact 1 by means of the clamping bolts 26 and an insulated base plate 27.
- the auxiliary contact 3 is mechanically fastened on a projection 32 of the insulated base plate 27.
- the electrically conductive intermediate plate 28 also takes over the contacting between the main contact 1 and the semiconductor element 5.
- the semiconductor element 5 is then also attached to this electrically conductive intermediate plate 28 conductive clamping plate 29 and the calotte and tension springs, not shown, mounted by means of insulated clamping bolts 30.
- the contact between the auxiliary contact 3 and the semiconductor element 5 is made via the electrically conductive clamping plate 29, to the projection 33 of which a conductive connecting piece 31, preferably a copper cable, is connected, the other end of which is conductively connected to the auxiliary contact 3.
- FIG. 3 is a highly schematic representation of the single-column scissor-type isolating switch according to the invention, with the difference that the semiconductor element 5, 6 is installed in the respectively assigned shielding ball 9, 10.
- This special development compared to FIG. 1 offers additional advantages, such as protection of the semiconductor element 5, 6 against weather influences and electromagnetic Fields caused by the nearby busbars.
- a shielding ball consisting of two parts of the same size is used.
- the semiconductor element 5 is installed in the lower shielding ball half 22 by means of a clamping device, the lower shielding ball half 22 being screwed into the upper end of the main contact 1.
- the conductive connection between semiconductor element 5, shielding ball and main contact 1 is thus established.
- the contact between the semiconductor element 5 and the auxiliary contact 3 takes place via a contact piece 25 which is connected to the conductive clamping plate 16.
- the conductive clamping plate 16 is pressed onto the contact surface of the semiconductor element 5 by means of an insulating piece 17, the tension springs 18 and two insulated clamping bolts 19.
- the contact piece 25 is isolated between the two shielding ball halves 22 and 23, which are connected by screw connections.
- the lower shielding ball half 22 has a recess at the point where the contact piece 25 is brought out. As a result, the contact piece 25 is then connected to the auxiliary contact, not shown here.
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Abstract
Description
TRENNSCHALTER DISCONNECTOR
Die Erfindung betrifft einen Trennschalter, insbe¬ sondere Einsäulen-Scherentrennschalter, der zwei Hauptkontakte und zwei Hilfskontakte aufweist, wobei jeweils ein Hilfskontakt einem Hauptkontakt zugeordnet ist und der Hilfskontakt zeitlich nach dem Hauptkontakt öffnet.The invention relates to an isolating switch, in particular a single-column scissor isolating switch, which has two main contacts and two auxiliary contacts, one auxiliary contact being assigned to one main contact and the auxiliary contact opening at a time after the main contact.
Entsprechend der für ihren Einsatz gültigen Vor¬ schriften sind Trennschalter zum annähernd strom¬ losen Schalten vorgesehen. Weiters mu3 im geöff- neten Zustand des Trennschalters eine sichtbareIn accordance with the regulations applicable to their use, isolating switches are provided for switching almost without current. Furthermore, when the disconnector is open, there must be a visible one
Trennstrecke erkennbar sein. Für das Freischalten des Trennschalters sorgt ein zugeordneter Lei¬ stungsschalter.Separation distance must be recognizable. An assigned power switch ensures that the isolating switch is disconnected.
Trennschalter kommen auch dort zum Einsatz, wo zum Beispiel verschiedene Sammelschienen untereinander umgeschaltet werden sollen. Bei diesen Umschalt¬ vorgängen, die prinzipiell stromlos erfolgen müssen, treten jedoch bei geringer Spannung soge- nannte Kommutierungsströme auf. Auch Verschie¬ bungsströme sind bei diesen nahezu stromlosen Schaltvorgängen nicht zu vermeiden. Also auch beim stromlos schaltenden Trennschalter treten, bedingt durch die zuvor beschriebenen Kommutierungsströme sowie Verschiebungsströme, nicht zu vermeidende Ein- und Ausschaltlichtbögen auf.Disconnectors are also used where, for example, different busbars are to be switched among themselves. In these switching operations, which in principle have to be carried out without current, so-called commutation currents occur at low voltage. Displacement currents are also unavoidable in these almost currentless switching operations. In the case of the isolating switch that switches off, there are unavoidable switch-on and switch-off arcs due to the commutation currents and displacement currents described above.
Ist der Trennschalter geschlossen, so mu3 er in der Lage sein sowohl hohe Betriebsströme als auch kurzzeitig, bis zur Freischaltung durch einen zugeordneten Leistungsschalter, auftretende Kurz¬ schlußströme zu führen. Um diese Anforderungen zu erfüllen müssen die Hauptkontakte sowie die Gegen¬ kontaktstücke solcher Trennschalter immer in einwandfreiem Zustand sein, dürfen also zum Bei¬ spiel keine Schädigung durch Abbrand aufweisen. Diese Schädigung durch Abbrand führt zu erhöhten Übergangswiderständen zwischen Gegenkontaktstück und Hauptkontakt, wodurch die geforderte Betriebs¬ sicherheit stark beeinträchtigt wird.If the isolating switch is closed, it must be able to carry both high operating currents and short-circuit currents that occur for a short time until they are disconnected by an assigned circuit breaker. To meet these requirements The main contacts as well as the counter-contact pieces of such isolating switches must always be in perfect condition, for example they must not show any damage due to erosion. This damage caused by erosion leads to increased contact resistance between the mating contact piece and the main contact, as a result of which the required operational safety is severely impaired.
Es sind Einsäulen-Scherentrennschalter bekannt, bei denen die zuvor beschriebenen Anforderungen an Trennschalter so gelöst sind, da3 zwei Hilfs¬ kontakte vorgesehen sind, die neben den beiden Hauptkontakten angeordnet sind und erst nach den Hauptkontakten öffnen. Die beiden Hilfskontakte sind parallel zu den Hauptkontakten geschaltet.Single-column scissor-type isolating switches are known in which the previously described requirements for isolating switches are solved in such a way that two auxiliary contacts are provided, which are arranged next to the two main contacts and only open after the main contacts. The two auxiliary contacts are connected in parallel to the main contacts.
Nachteilig bei dieser Ausführung ist, da3 die Hilfskontakte in geringem Abstand zu den Haupt- kontakten liegen, was beim Öffnen des Einsäulen- Scherentrennschalters dazu führen kann, da3 der Abri3f-Lichtbogen nicht im Bereich der Hilfskontakte verbleibt, sondern auf die Hauptkontakte über¬ springt und dort zu einer Schädigung durch Abbrand führt.A disadvantage of this design is that the auxiliary contacts are located at a short distance from the main contacts, which, when the single-column scissor-type isolating switch is opened, can result in the Abri3 f arc not remaining in the area of the auxiliary contacts, but rather jumping over to the main contacts and there leads to damage by burning.
Zur Lösung des oben beschriebenen Problems wird in der DE 3210155 AI der Einbau eines gesonderten Trennkontaktes, in dessen Bereich der Abri -Licht- bogen auftreten soll, vorgeschlagen. Dieser Trenn¬ kontakt stellt die eigentliche Trennstrecke des Hilfskontaktes dar. Der Trennkontakt, der mit zwei Kontaktbügeln realisiert ist, ist elektrisch zwischen einem Hauptkontakt und einem Hilfskontakt angeordnet. Beim Öffnen des Einsäulen-Scherentrenn- schalters heben zuerst die Hauptkontakte vom Gegenkontaktstück ab. Danach öffnet der Trennkontakt und dann erst die Hilfskontakte.To solve the problem described above, DE 3210155 AI suggests the installation of a separate isolating contact, in the region of which the Abri arc is to occur. This isolating contact represents the actual isolating distance of the auxiliary contact. The isolating contact, which is realized with two contact brackets, is arranged electrically between a main contact and an auxiliary contact. When opening the single-column scissor-type switch, the main contacts first lift off Counter contact piece. Then the isolating contact opens and only then the auxiliary contacts.
Der Nachteil dieser in der DE 3210155 AI beschrie- benen Ausführung mit einem gesonderten Trennkontakt besteht darin, da3 einerseits durch Umweltein¬ flüsse, wie zum Beispiel Verschmutzung, und ande¬ rerseits durch Witterungseinflüsse, wie zum Bei¬ spiel Seitenwind oder Vereisung, die Funktion des Trennkontaktes häufig gestört ist. Der Lichtbogen steht in diesem Fall dann zwischen Hilfskontakt und Gegenkontaktstück. Dies führt zu unerwünschtem Abbrand an den Kontaktflächen des Hilfskontaktes und des Gegenkontaktstückes. Durch diesen Umstand können hohen Anforderungen an die Betriebssicher¬ heit eines Trennschalters nicht erfüllt werden.The disadvantage of this embodiment described in DE 3210155 AI with a separate isolating contact is that the function of the. On the one hand by environmental influences, such as pollution, and on the other hand by weather influences, such as cross winds or icing Disconnect contact is often disturbed. In this case, the arc is between the auxiliary contact and the counter contact piece. This leads to undesired erosion on the contact surfaces of the auxiliary contact and the counter contact piece. Due to this fact, high demands on the operational safety of a disconnector cannot be met.
Der Erfindung liegt somit die Aufgabe zugrunde einen Trennschalter, insbesondere Einsäulen-Scheren trennschalter, zu verwirklichen, bei dem ein hohes Maß an Betriebssicherheit gewährleistet ist. Mit einfachen Mitteln soll erreicht werden, daß die Lichtbogendauer sehr kurz gehalten wird, wodurch der Abbrand an den Kontaktflächen des Hilfs- kontaktes und des Gegenkontaktstückes praktisch nicht auftritt.The invention is therefore based on the object of realizing a circuit breaker, in particular single-column scissors circuit breaker, in which a high degree of operational reliability is ensured. The aim of simple means is to keep the arc duration very short, as a result of which the erosion on the contact surfaces of the auxiliary contact and of the counter-contact piece practically does not occur.
Die Aufgabe wird durch die Erfindung gelöst. Diese ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeweils ein Halb- leiterelement, insbesondere eine Diode oder einThe object is achieved by the invention. This is characterized in that in each case a semiconductor element, in particular a diode or a
Thyristor, zwischen dem ersten bzw. zweiten Haupt¬ kontakt und dem zugeordneten Hilfskontakt derart geschaltet ist, da3 bei dem einen Halbleiterelement die Anode, und bei dem anderen Halbleiterelement die Katode mit dem jeweils zugehörigen Hauptkontakt leitend verbunden ist. Mit der Erfindung ist es erstmals möglich, auch bei starker und häufiger Beanspruchung und unabhängig von den Umwelt- und Witterungseinflüssen, einen Abriß des Lichtbogens beim jeweils nächsten Span- nungs-Nulldurchgang zu sichern. Damit wird eine sehr kurze Lichtbogendauer erreicht, wodurch sodann eine Schädigung des Hilfskontaktes und des Gegen¬ kontaktstückes durch Abbrand praktisch nicht auftritt.Thyristor, is connected between the first or second main contact and the associated auxiliary contact such that the anode is conductively connected to one semiconductor element and the cathode is connected to the associated main contact in the other semiconductor element. With the invention, it is possible for the first time to ensure that the arc is torn off at the next voltage zero crossing even under heavy and frequent use and regardless of the environmental and weather influences. A very short arc duration is thus achieved, as a result of which damage to the auxiliary contact and the counter-contact piece due to erosion practically does not occur.
Eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, in Scheibenbauweise ausgeführte Halbleiterelemente einzusetzen.Another embodiment of the invention provides for the use of semiconductor elements embodied in a wafer construction.
Der Vorteil dieser Variante besteht darin, daß damit die jeweiligen spezifischen Netzverhältnisse besser berücksichtigt werden können.The advantage of this variant is that it allows better consideration of the specific network conditions.
Eine Weiterbildung der Erfindung besteht darin, daßauf dem nach au3en weisenden Ende des Hauptkon¬ taktes eine Spannvorrichtung aufgesetzt ist, wobei der Hauptkontakt zwischen einer isolierten Grund¬ platte und einer elektrisch leitenden Zwischen¬ platte unverdrehbar geklemmt ist, und wobei das Halbleiterelement zwischen der elektrisch leitenden Zwischenplatte und einer elektrisch leitenden Spannplatte gespannt ist, und da3 Grundplatte und Zwischenplatte beidseitig vom Hauptkontakt fluch¬ tende Bohrungen zur Aufnahme von aus Schrauben und Muttern bestehenden Schraubverbindungen aufweisen, und da3 Zwischenplatte und Spannplatte beidseitig vom Halbleiterelement fluchtende Bohrungen zur Aufnahme isoliert eingesetzter, aus Schrauben und Muttern bestehender Schraubverbindungen aufweisen.A further development of the invention consists in that a tensioning device is placed on the outward-facing end of the main contact, the main contact being non-rotatably clamped between an insulated base plate and an electrically conductive intermediate plate, and the semiconductor element being between the electrically conductive one Intermediate plate and an electrically conductive clamping plate is tensioned, and that base plate and intermediate plate have bores aligned on both sides of the main contact for receiving screw connections consisting of screws and nuts, and that intermediate plate and clamping plate have bores aligned on both sides of the semiconductor element for receiving insulated inserts consisting of screws and Have nuts of existing screw connections.
Ein Vorteil dieses Aufbaues ist die einfache, nur wenig Ausfallszeit beanspruchende, Nachrüstbarkeit von bereits im Betrieb befindlichen Einsäulen- Scherentrennschaltern.An advantage of this structure is the simple retrofittability, which requires little downtime of single-column scissor disconnectors that are already in operation.
Im Rahmen der Erfindung weist die Grundplatte auf der dem Hilfskontakt zugewandten Seite des Haupt¬ kontaktes eine Ausladung auf, auf welcher das nach au3en weisende Ende des Hilfskontaktes fixierbar ist, und da3 die elektrisch leitende Verbindung zwischen Anode bzw. Katode der Halbleiterelemente und dem jeweils zugehörigen Hilfskontakt mittels eines elektrisch leitenden Verbindungsstückes, vorzugsweise eines Kupferseiles, durchgeführt ist, wobei das Verbindungsstück die Spannplatte mit dem Hilfskontakt leitend verbindet.In the context of the invention, the base plate on the side of the main contact facing the auxiliary contact has a projection on which the outward end of the auxiliary contact can be fixed, and that the electrically conductive connection between the anode or cathode of the semiconductor elements and the respectively associated one Auxiliary contact is carried out by means of an electrically conductive connecting piece, preferably a copper cable, the connecting piece conductively connecting the clamping plate to the auxiliary contact.
Vorteilhaft bei dieser erfindungsgemäßen Ausführung sind die präzise Kontaktierung und die einfache und somit wirtschaftliche Montage des Halbleiter¬ elementes. Durch die besonders günstige Anordnung des Halbleiterelementes am Hauptkontakt beim oberen Ende des Hilfskontaktes genügt eine besonders kurze Leitungsführung.Advantageous in this embodiment according to the invention are the precise contacting and the simple and thus economical assembly of the semiconductor element. Due to the particularly favorable arrangement of the semiconductor element on the main contact at the upper end of the auxiliary contact, a particularly short cable routing is sufficient.
Eine spezielle Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor das Halbleiterelement in die Abschirmkugel einzubauen.A special embodiment of the invention provides for the semiconductor element to be installed in the shielding ball.
Der Vorteil dieser speziellen Ausgestaltung besteht darin, daß die als Faradayscher Käfig wirkende Abschirmkugel wirksam Abhilfe schafft gegenüber den, im Bereich von Sammelschienen auftretenden, starken elektromagnetischen Feldern. Diese Felder könnten die sehr empfindlichen PN-Übergänge des Halbleiterelementes stören oder sogar außer Funk- tion setzen. Eine andere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, daß die Abschirmkugel hohl ausgebildet ist und aus zwei Teilen besteht, die vorzugsweise mit Schraubverbindungen verbunden sind.The advantage of this special embodiment is that the shielding ball, which acts as a Faraday cage, effectively remedies the strong electromagnetic fields occurring in the area of busbars. These fields could interfere with the very sensitive PN transitions of the semiconductor element or even put them out of operation. Another embodiment of the invention provides that the shielding ball is hollow and consists of two parts, which are preferably connected with screw connections.
Der Vorteil dieser Ausgestaltung besteht darin, daß sich die Montage sowie eine eventuelle Überprüfung des Halbleiterelementes sehr einfach und somit kostengünstig gestaltet.The advantage of this configuration is that the assembly and any checking of the semiconductor element is very simple and therefore inexpensive.
Eine spezielle Weiterbildung der Erfindung besteht darin, daß zur Fixierung des Halbleiterelementes in der unteren Abschirmkugelhälfte eine Spannvorrich¬ tung vorgesehen ist, und daß der untere Abschirm- kugelhälfte in das obere Ende des Hauptkontaktes eingeschraubt ist.A special development of the invention consists in that a clamping device is provided in the lower shielding ball half for fixing the semiconductor element, and that the lower shielding ball half is screwed into the upper end of the main contact.
Der Vorteil dieser Weiterbildung besteht darin, daß damit die leitende Verbindung zwischen Halbleiter- element, Abschirmkugel und Hauptkontakt auf ein¬ fache und kontaktsichere Art durchführbar ist.The advantage of this development is that the conductive connection between the semiconductor element, shielding ball and main contact can be carried out in a simple and contact-safe manner.
Gemäß einem weiteren Merkmal der Erfindung erfolgt die Kontaktierung zwischen Halbleiterelement und Hilfskontakt über ein Kontaktstück, welches an die leitende Spannplatte angeschlossen ist, wobei die leitende Spannplatte mittels eines Isolierstückes, Spannfedern und zweier isolierter Spannbolzen an die Kontaktfläche des Halbleiterelementes gepreßt ist.According to a further feature of the invention, the contact between the semiconductor element and the auxiliary contact takes place via a contact piece which is connected to the conductive clamping plate, the conductive clamping plate being pressed against the contact surface of the semiconductor element by means of an insulating piece, clamping springs and two insulated clamping bolts.
Dieses Merkmal hat den Vorteil, daß für die Kon¬ taktierung zwischen Halbleiterelement und Hilfs- kontakt nur zwei einfach gestaltete Elemente notwendig sind, wodurch die Anzahl der Verbindungen von stromführenden Teilen geringgehalten ist. Daraus ergibt sich eine Erhöhung der Betriebssicherheit und e n niedriger Gesamtüber- gangεwiderstand. Ein weiterer Vorteil besteht in der Kostengünstigkeit der einfachen Verbindungselemente.This feature has the advantage that only two simply designed elements are required for contacting between the semiconductor element and the auxiliary contact, as a result of which the number of connections of current-carrying parts is kept low. This results in an increase in Operational reliability and a low overall contact resistance. Another advantage is that the simple connecting elements are inexpensive.
Gemäß einer zusätzlichen Weiterbildung der Erfin¬ dung weist das Isolierstück an der halbleiterab- gewandten Seite eine ballige Ausformung auf.According to an additional development of the invention, the insulating piece has a spherical shape on the side facing away from the semiconductor.
Vorteilhaft bei dieser Weiterbildung ist es, daß das Isolierstück die Funktion der für das Spannen von Halbleiterelementen ansonsten üblicherweise verwendeten Kalotte übernimmt, wodurch das Halb¬ leiterelement einfacher und kontaktsicherer ge- spannt ist.It is advantageous in this development that the insulating piece takes over the function of the spherical cap normally used for clamping semiconductor elements, as a result of which the semiconductor element is clamped more easily and more reliably.
In einer weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist das Kontaktstück zwischen unterem und oberem Abschirmkugelteil isoliert herausgeführt und an das obere Ende des Hilfskontaktes angeschlossen.In a further embodiment of the invention, the contact piece between the lower and upper shielding ball part is led out in an isolated manner and connected to the upper end of the auxiliary contact.
Diese Ausgestaltung der Erfindung bietet den Vorteil, daß, bedingt durch die Isolierung des Kontaktstückes, die einzuhaltenden Spannungsab- stände zum Hauptkontakt gering gehalten werden können.This embodiment of the invention offers the advantage that, due to the insulation of the contact piece, the voltage distances to be maintained from the main contact can be kept low.
Eine weitere erfindungsgemä e Ausgestaltung sieht vor, daß der untere Abschirmkugelhälfte an der Stelle der Herausführung des Kontaktstückes eine Ausnehmung aufweist.Another embodiment of the invention provides that the lower half of the shielding ball has a recess at the point where the contact piece is led out.
Vorteilhaft bei dieser erfindungsgemäßen Aus¬ gestaltung ist es, daß die kleine gehaltene Aus- nehmung in der unteren Abschirmkugelhälfte eine sehr aufwendige und somit teure Durchführung unnötig macht, und die Ausnehmung die Funktion des Faradayschen Käfigs nicht stört.It is advantageous with this embodiment according to the invention that the small recess held in the lower half of the shielding ball is a very complex and thus expensive implementation unnecessary, and the recess does not interfere with the function of the Faraday cage.
In der Folge wird die Erfindung anhand von Ausfüh- rungsbeispielen näher erläutert. Fig. 1 zeigt eine prinzipielle Darstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Einsäulen-Scherentrennschalters, während in Fig. 2 eine Spannvorrichtung für die Montage eines Halbleiterelementes in Scheibenbauweise dargestellt ist. In Fig. 3 ist das Prinzip des Einsäulen-The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of exemplary embodiments. FIG. 1 shows a basic illustration of the single-column scissor-type circuit breaker according to the invention, while in FIG. 2 a clamping device for the assembly of a semiconductor element in disk construction is shown. 3 the principle of the single column
Sσherentrennschalters mit Einbau der Halbleiter¬ elemente in die Abschirmkugeln und in Fig. 4 der mechanische Einbau eines Halbleiterelementes in die Abschirmkugel dargestellt.Safety isolating switch with installation of the semiconductor elements in the shielding balls and in FIG. 4 the mechanical installation of a semiconductor element in the shielding ball.
In Fig. 1 sind, stark schematisiert, die Haupt¬ kontakte 1, 2 und die Hilfskontakte 3, 4 eines Einsäulen-Scherentrennεchalters, sowie die Einbin¬ dung der Dioden 5, 6 ersichtlich. Der Einsäulen- Scherentrennschalter ist in geöffneter Stellung dargestellt. Zwischen den Hauptkontakten 1, 2 und den Hilfskontakten 3, 4 sind die Dioden 5, 6 so angeordnet, daß die Diode 5 mit der Anode an den Hauptkontakt 1 und mit der Katode an den Hilfs- kontakt 3, jedoch die Diode 6 mit der Katode an den Hauptkontakt 2 und mit der Anode an den Hilfs- kontakt 4 angeschlossen ist. Beim Öffnen des Trennschalters heben zuerst die Hauptkontakte 1, 2 von einem Gegenkontaktstück 7 ab. Der Strom flie3t nun vom Gegenkontaktstück 7, je nach Halbwelle, über den Hilfskontakt 3 bzw. 4 und der zugeordneten Diode 5 bzw. 6 zum Hauptkontakt 1 bzw. 2. Danach heben die Hilfskontakte 3, 4 vom Gegenkontaktstück 7 ab, dabei kann es zur Ausbildung eines Licht- bogens kommen, der je nach Halbwelle zwischen1 shows, highly schematized, the main contacts 1, 2 and the auxiliary contacts 3, 4 of a single-column scissor-type isolating switch, as well as the integration of the diodes 5, 6. The single column scissor disconnector is shown in the open position. Between the main contacts 1, 2 and the auxiliary contacts 3, 4, the diodes 5, 6 are arranged such that the diode 5 with the anode on the main contact 1 and with the cathode on the auxiliary contact 3, but the diode 6 with the cathode is connected to the main contact 2 and with the anode to the auxiliary contact 4. When the disconnector is opened, the main contacts 1, 2 first lift off from a mating contact piece 7. The current now flows from the mating contact piece 7, depending on the half-wave, via the auxiliary contact 3 or 4 and the associated diode 5 or 6 to the main contact 1 or 2 Formation of an arc, which depending on the half-wave between
Gegenkontaktstück 7 und dem jeweiligen Hilfskontakt 3, 4 mit der nachgeschalteten Diode 5, 6 steht. Beim nächsten Spannungs-Nulldurchgang reißt dann der Lichtbogen ab.Mating contact piece 7 and the respective auxiliary contact 3, 4 with the diode 5, 6 connected downstream. The arc breaks off at the next zero voltage crossing.
Fig. 2 zeigt die schematisierte Darstellung einer Spannvorrichtung für die Montage und Kontaktierung eines Halbleiterelementes 5 an einem Hauptkontakt 1. Dabei sind, der besseren Übersichtlichkeit halber, die bei der Montage von Scheiben-Halbleiter¬ elementen ohnehin selbstverständlich zu verwendende Bauteile, nämlich Kalotte und Spannfedern, wegge¬ lassen. Am Hauptkontakt 1 wird mittels der Spann¬ bolzen 26 und einer isolierten Grundplatte 27 eine elektrisch leitende Zwischenplatte 28 montiert. Auf einer Ausladung 32 der isolierten Grundplatte 27 erfolgt die mechanische Befestigung des Hilfskon¬ taktes 3. Die elektrisch leitende Zwischenplatte 28 übernimmt auch die Kontaktierung zwischen Haupt¬ kontakt 1 und Halbleiterelement 5. Auf diese elektrisch leitende Zwiεchenplatte 28 wird dann das Halbleiterelement 5 mit einer ebenfalls leitenden Spannplatte 29 und der nicht dargestellten Kalotte und Spannfedern mittels isolierter Spannbolzen 30 montiert. Die Kontaktierung zwischen Hilfskontakt 3 und Halbleiterelement 5 erfolgt über die elektrisch leitende Spannplatte 29, an deren Ausladung 33 ein leitendes Verbindungsstück 31, vorzugsweise ein Kupferseil, angeschlossen ist, deren anderes Ende mit dem Hilfskontakt 3 leitend verbunden ist.FIG. 2 shows the schematic representation of a clamping device for the mounting and contacting of a semiconductor element 5 on a main contact 1. For the sake of clarity, the components that are to be used anyway when mounting disk semiconductor elements, namely spherical cap and tension springs, are included , omitted. An electrically conductive intermediate plate 28 is mounted on the main contact 1 by means of the clamping bolts 26 and an insulated base plate 27. The auxiliary contact 3 is mechanically fastened on a projection 32 of the insulated base plate 27. The electrically conductive intermediate plate 28 also takes over the contacting between the main contact 1 and the semiconductor element 5. The semiconductor element 5 is then also attached to this electrically conductive intermediate plate 28 conductive clamping plate 29 and the calotte and tension springs, not shown, mounted by means of insulated clamping bolts 30. The contact between the auxiliary contact 3 and the semiconductor element 5 is made via the electrically conductive clamping plate 29, to the projection 33 of which a conductive connecting piece 31, preferably a copper cable, is connected, the other end of which is conductively connected to the auxiliary contact 3.
Fig. 3 ist ebenso wie Fig.1 eine stark schemati¬ sierte Darstellung des erfindungsgemä en Einsäulen- Scherentrennschalter mit dem Unterschied, daß das Halbleiterelement 5, 6 in die jeweils zugeordnete Abschirmkugel 9, 10 eingebaut ist. Diese besondere Weiterbildung gegenüber Fig. 1 bietet zusätzliche Vorteile, wie Schutz des Halbleiterelementes 5, 6 vor Witterungseinflüssen und elektromagnetischen Feldern, verursacht durch die naheliegenden Sam¬ melschienen.3, like FIG. 1, is a highly schematic representation of the single-column scissor-type isolating switch according to the invention, with the difference that the semiconductor element 5, 6 is installed in the respectively assigned shielding ball 9, 10. This special development compared to FIG. 1 offers additional advantages, such as protection of the semiconductor element 5, 6 against weather influences and electromagnetic Fields caused by the nearby busbars.
Bei dem in Fig. 2 dargestellten Beispiel ist eine aus zwei gleichgro3en Teilen bestehende Abschirm¬ kugel verwendet. Das Halbleiterelement 5 ist mittels einer Spannvorrichtung in die untere Ab¬ schirmkugelhälfte 22 eingebaut, wobei die untere Abschirmkugelhalfte 22 in das obere Ende des Hauptkontaktes 1 eingeschraubt ist. Damit ist die leitende Verbindung zwischen Halbleiterelement 5, Abschirmkugel und Hauptkontakt 1 hergestellt. Die Kontaktierung zwischen Halbleiterelement 5 und Hilfskontakt 3 erfolgt über ein Kontaktstück 25, welches an die leitende Spannplatte 16 angeschlos¬ sen ist. Die leitende Spannplatte 16 ist mittels eines Isolierstückes 17, den Spannfedern 18 und zweier isolierter Spannbolzen 19 an die Kontakt¬ fläche des Halbleiterelementes 5 gepreßt. Das Kontaktstück 25 ist isoliert zwischen den beiden Abschirmkugelhälften 22 und 23, die mit Schraub¬ verbindungen verbunden sind, herausgeführt. Die untere Abschirmkugelhälfte 22 weist eine Ausnehmung an der Stelle der Herausführung des Kontaktstückes 25 auf. In der Folge ist dann das Kontaktstück 25 an den hier nicht dargestellten Hilfskontakt angeschlossen. In the example shown in FIG. 2, a shielding ball consisting of two parts of the same size is used. The semiconductor element 5 is installed in the lower shielding ball half 22 by means of a clamping device, the lower shielding ball half 22 being screwed into the upper end of the main contact 1. The conductive connection between semiconductor element 5, shielding ball and main contact 1 is thus established. The contact between the semiconductor element 5 and the auxiliary contact 3 takes place via a contact piece 25 which is connected to the conductive clamping plate 16. The conductive clamping plate 16 is pressed onto the contact surface of the semiconductor element 5 by means of an insulating piece 17, the tension springs 18 and two insulated clamping bolts 19. The contact piece 25 is isolated between the two shielding ball halves 22 and 23, which are connected by screw connections. The lower shielding ball half 22 has a recess at the point where the contact piece 25 is brought out. As a result, the contact piece 25 is then connected to the auxiliary contact, not shown here.
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ATA2062/90 | 1990-10-12 | ||
| AT206290A ATA206290A (en) | 1990-10-12 | 1990-10-12 | DISCONNECTOR |
| AT218790A ATA218790A (en) | 1990-10-30 | 1990-10-30 | HIGH VOLTAGE DISCONNECTOR |
| ATA2187/90 | 1990-10-30 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1992007373A1 true WO1992007373A1 (en) | 1992-04-30 |
Family
ID=25597552
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/AT1991/000108 Ceased WO1992007373A1 (en) | 1990-10-12 | 1991-10-10 | Isolating switch |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1061488A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1992007373A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104282479A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-01-14 | 湖南长高高压开关集团股份公司 | Middle joint structure for single pole vertical telescopic isolation switch and isolation switch |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP2823499B1 (en) * | 2012-03-06 | 2017-06-14 | ABB Schweiz AG | Arc-jump circuit breaker and method of circuit breaking |
| DE102016214372B4 (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2020-01-09 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Contact arm for single column disconnector and its use |
| EP3494588B1 (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2024-04-10 | Hitachi Energy Ltd | Disconnector and manufacturing method |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE638981C (en) * | 1932-07-05 | 1936-11-26 | Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges | Arrangement for switching off AC circuits |
| DE1439250A1 (en) * | 1963-06-25 | 1968-11-28 | Siemens Ag | High performance rectifier on semiconductor basis for momentary load |
| FR2436489A1 (en) * | 1978-09-14 | 1980-04-11 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Single column scissors disconnect switch - has sprung contact rods acting as arcing contacts opening after main contacts |
| DE3210155A1 (en) * | 1982-03-19 | 1983-09-29 | Ruhrtal Elektrizitätsgesellschaft Hartig GmbH & Co, 4300 Essen | Interruptor switch, especially a single-column pantograph interruptor switch |
| US4459629A (en) * | 1981-11-23 | 1984-07-10 | General Electric Company | Electric circuit breaker utilizing semiconductor diodes for facilitating interruption |
-
1991
- 1991-10-10 WO PCT/AT1991/000108 patent/WO1992007373A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1991-10-12 CN CN 91110812 patent/CN1061488A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE638981C (en) * | 1932-07-05 | 1936-11-26 | Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges | Arrangement for switching off AC circuits |
| DE1439250A1 (en) * | 1963-06-25 | 1968-11-28 | Siemens Ag | High performance rectifier on semiconductor basis for momentary load |
| FR2436489A1 (en) * | 1978-09-14 | 1980-04-11 | Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie | Single column scissors disconnect switch - has sprung contact rods acting as arcing contacts opening after main contacts |
| US4459629A (en) * | 1981-11-23 | 1984-07-10 | General Electric Company | Electric circuit breaker utilizing semiconductor diodes for facilitating interruption |
| DE3210155A1 (en) * | 1982-03-19 | 1983-09-29 | Ruhrtal Elektrizitätsgesellschaft Hartig GmbH & Co, 4300 Essen | Interruptor switch, especially a single-column pantograph interruptor switch |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104282479A (en) * | 2014-10-27 | 2015-01-14 | 湖南长高高压开关集团股份公司 | Middle joint structure for single pole vertical telescopic isolation switch and isolation switch |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1061488A (en) | 1992-05-27 |
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