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WO1992005422A1 - Procede de mesure de la densite de liquides - Google Patents

Procede de mesure de la densite de liquides Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1992005422A1
WO1992005422A1 PCT/EP1991/001808 EP9101808W WO9205422A1 WO 1992005422 A1 WO1992005422 A1 WO 1992005422A1 EP 9101808 W EP9101808 W EP 9101808W WO 9205422 A1 WO9205422 A1 WO 9205422A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
liquid
specific gravity
bodies
tested
urine
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP1991/001808
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Moh Samir Amer
Jean-Marie Brisset
André Ulmann
Jean-Pierre Delage-Toriel
Jacques Stemer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO1992005422A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992005422A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N9/00—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity
    • G01N9/10—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by observing bodies wholly or partially immersed in fluid materials

Definitions

  • This invention relates to means, including a method and apparatus or kit, for measuring or determining, accurately or approximately, the specific gravity of a liquid,
  • Specific gravity determination is one of the routine medical 'diagnostic tests carried out on several body fluids most notably urine.
  • body fluids most notably urine.
  • high specific gravity can be indicative of susceptibility to kidney stones, while low specific gravity can diagnose inability to concentrate urine which could, underlie other kidney problems.
  • the specific gravity of urine is inversely related to the urinary output. Maintenance of high urinary output is a therapeutic goal necessary to avoid occurrence of kidney stone disease and/or urinary tract infections. High urinary output reflects sufficient water intake needed to prevent dehydration, a frequent condition in people living in warm climates, frequent airline travelers and in older individuals. Renal stone disease, which is directly related to high urine density, accounts for about 7-10 of every 1000 hospital admissions in the United States.
  • Urine density can vary accordingly between about 1.001 and 1.030.
  • Another object of the invention is to provide such a method to determine whether such fluid or liquid has a specific gravity which is above, below or within acceptable maximum and minimum limits.
  • Still another object of this invention is the
  • testing material e.g. urine
  • fluid or liquid e.g. urine
  • testing material of predetermined specific gravity and immiscible with such fluid or liquid and observing whether such testing material floats, indicating the specific gravity of the liquid to be above (more or higher than) that of the testing material, or sinks, indicating the specific gravity of the liquid to be below (less or lower than) that of the testing
  • the method employs a first such body with a specific gravity below, and another such body with a specific gravity above, the expected or normal specific gravity of such liquid being tested.
  • the method employs at least 2 such bodies with specific gravities different from each other and above, and at least 2 such bodies with specific gravities different from each other and above, and at least 2 such bodies with specific
  • an apparatus, equipment, testing material or kit for conducting the methods of this invention comprising discrete, separate bodies of testing
  • the kit may contain a plurality of bodies, at least 2 with specific gravities different from each other and above, and at least 2 with specific gravities different from each other and below, the expected or normal specific gravity of the liquid being tested.
  • each body is visibly different or
  • the bodies employed in the methods ofthis invention may be liquid, e.g. drops or droplets, or solid, e.g. bodies of silicon, inorganic or organic plastic, or polymeric material or the like.
  • the testing material may be a solid or liquid immiscible with the liquid being tested.
  • Bodies of solid material may comprise any type of natural or synthetic material, wood, natural gums such as rosin, and desirably plastics which can by known means be prepared with any desired predetermined specific gravity.
  • the testing material may be natural or synthetic, organic or inorganic, thermosetting or thermoplastic, resins or polymers such as ABS
  • polyetherimides polyolefins such as polyethylene and polypropylene and their copolymers and alloys, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymers, polystyrenes, SAN copolymers, polycarbonates, SKA polycarbonate alloys, polyesters, thermoplastic elastomers of various types, polyurethanes, urea-, phenol- and melamine-formaldehyde resins, ⁇ ili ⁇ ones, and other plastics.
  • Solid bodies of testing material may be in any desired size, shape or color, e.g., beads, pellets, spheres, cubes, flakes, discs, pyramids, stars, round, square, or triangular rod sections, etc., of any convenient size suitable for floating or suspending in the amount of liquid available for testing, and of course large enough to be easily visible in the liquid being tested but not so large as to interfere with each other during testing or as to require a larger amount of liquid being tested than available for such testing.
  • the smallest dimension would be about 0.1 inch and the largest dimension could be about 1 inch.
  • the largest dimension could be much larger than 1 inch and as high as suitable, convenient or desired.
  • the bodies could have solid colors, or be variegated, marbleized, striated, or with other patterns,
  • decorations or intelligence providing insignia using any suitable pigments or other coloring material For convenience in describing this invention, solid bodies of testing material will be referred to hereafter as beads, and the liquid to be tested as urine.
  • beads of plastic material with the same or lower specific gravity could be used, and beads with increasing predetermined specific gravities prepared by addition of suitable proportions of
  • filler material to the melted or fluidized plastic.
  • Many types of such fillers may be employed, for example silica, sand, salts of barium, lead, tin, copper, iron and the like.
  • Increasing amounts of the same filler may be employed to make beads of increasing specific gravities.
  • Another method of preparing plastic beads with different specific gravities involves simply mixing 2 or more plastic polymeric materials of significantly different known specific gravities in predetermined proportions calculated to provide any specific gravity between the highest and lowest of the plastics being mixed.
  • the specific gravity of the urine is too high or too low, only a single bead need be used with a preset specific gravity at the upper or lower acceptable limit. For example, if the urine is suspected of having a specific gravity above 1.013, a bead with that specific gravity would be added to the urine. If it floats, the urine has a specific gravity above 1.013. If it sinks, the urine specific gravity is below 1.013, Similarly, a bead with a specific gravity of 1.001 sinking in urine would indicate a urine specific gravity below 1.001.
  • the patient or other testing person with an assemblage, kit, package or the like with at least two or more, preferably 3 or 4, still more preferably 5 or more beads, each with different specific gravities ranging from the lowest to the highest expected, which for urine would be between about 1.005 and about 1.025.
  • the beads need not actually be visibly different, in which case the specific gravity of the urine would be determined from the number of beads floating and/or sinking. For example, if the kit contains 5 beads ranging in
  • kits have different shapes and/or colors for each specific gravity.
  • a convenient form of kit or package comprises a pipette or ordinary kitchen baster with a flexible transparent bulb containing the 5 or so beads with increasing specific gravities as above described. The pipette or baster tube, with the bulb squeezed, is inserted in the container of urine being tested and the bulb pressure released to suck up sufficient urine to float at least one of the beads (e.g. half-way up the bulb), and observing the number and/or identity of the beads which float or remain submerged.
  • the testing material may be comprised in bodies, e.g. drops or droplets of urine- immiscible liquids having the same range of specific gravities as the above-discussed beads.
  • the kit or package supplied for this purpose may comprise 5 bottles, vials or other containers with droppers, each bottle containing a body of urine- immiscible liquid with different specific gravity and preferably differently colored from each other. Drops from any or all of the bottles may be deposited in the container of urine being tested and observing which drops float or sink.
  • liquids immiscible in the liquid being tested are known and readily available.
  • Non-limiting examples include benzonitrile, benzene, cyclopentane, oils, silicones and the like.
  • Examples of colors soluble or dispersible in the testing liquid include, without limitation, diacetyl amino azotoluene,
  • the final mix will have a ⁇ p. gr. of 1.012.
  • the use of vacuum is necessary to prevent the inclusion of a variable amount of air with unpredictable effects on the final specific gravity.
  • Different properties of A and B are employed to produce plastic beads with other desired specific gravities.
  • All 5 beads are added to the urine being tested. Floating of all beads indicates a high specific gravity urine (above 1.025) which may result from low water intake and cause kidney stones. Sinking of beads 1 and 2 establishes a specific gravity between 1.010 and 1.015 which may indicate normal kidney function and sufficient water intake. Sinking of all beads
  • Example 5 One or two drops of each liquid are added to the urine being tested, observing which drops float or sink, and thereby determining the specific gravity of the urine in the same manner as described with respect to plastic beads as in Example 2.
  • Example 5 One or two drops of each liquid are added to the urine being tested, observing which drops float or sink, and thereby determining the specific gravity of the urine in the same manner as described with respect to plastic beads as in Example 2.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé servant à déterminer la densité d'un liquide et comprenant le mélange avec ledit liquide d'un ou plusieurs corps discrets ou quantités discrètes de matériau solide ou liquide, servant à l'évaluation, immiscible avec ledit liquide et possédant des densités prédéterminées proches ou différentes de la densité du liquide évalué, ces corps pouvant, de préférence, se distinguer visiblement entre eux par leur dimension, leur forme ou leur couleur, leur densité étant différente; l'observation du ou des corps flottant(s) qui permet de déterminer si la densité du liquide évalué est au-dessus de ou supérieure à celle du ou des corps flottant(s), ainsi que l'observation des corps qui s'enfoncent ou qui sont submergés qui permet de déterminer si la densité du liquide est au-dessous de ou inférieure à celle du(des) corps noyé(s) ou submergés. L'invention concerne également un kit ou ensemble servant à mettre en application ledit procédé contenant le(les) corps de matériau servant à l'évaluation, de préférence avec des moyens servant à mélanger le(les) corps avec le liquide à évaluer, généralement de l'urine.
PCT/EP1991/001808 1990-09-24 1991-09-20 Procede de mesure de la densite de liquides Ceased WO1992005422A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US587,331 1984-03-07
US58733190A 1990-09-24 1990-09-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992005422A1 true WO1992005422A1 (fr) 1992-04-02

Family

ID=24349372

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1991/001808 Ceased WO1992005422A1 (fr) 1990-09-24 1991-09-20 Procede de mesure de la densite de liquides

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU8508091A (fr)
WO (1) WO1992005422A1 (fr)

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2825698A (en) * 1955-12-27 1958-03-04 Dow Chemical Co Method for the preparation of density gradients
GB1343309A (en) * 1971-12-13 1974-01-10 Mulwhiteson Dev Co Device for measuring specific gravity of fluids
JPS59112251A (ja) * 1982-12-20 1984-06-28 Terumo Corp 尿比重測定片
US4590800A (en) * 1983-09-22 1986-05-27 Nissho Corporation Specific gravity indicator
JPS61262630A (ja) * 1985-05-16 1986-11-20 Konde Kk 液体比重測定用具
US4702109A (en) * 1986-04-21 1987-10-27 Parker Hannifin Corporation In-line hydrometer
US4736628A (en) * 1987-05-27 1988-04-12 Lin Victoria S Testing device for car battery and radiator

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2825698A (en) * 1955-12-27 1958-03-04 Dow Chemical Co Method for the preparation of density gradients
GB1343309A (en) * 1971-12-13 1974-01-10 Mulwhiteson Dev Co Device for measuring specific gravity of fluids
JPS59112251A (ja) * 1982-12-20 1984-06-28 Terumo Corp 尿比重測定片
US4590800A (en) * 1983-09-22 1986-05-27 Nissho Corporation Specific gravity indicator
JPS61262630A (ja) * 1985-05-16 1986-11-20 Konde Kk 液体比重測定用具
US4702109A (en) * 1986-04-21 1987-10-27 Parker Hannifin Corporation In-line hydrometer
US4736628A (en) * 1987-05-27 1988-04-12 Lin Victoria S Testing device for car battery and radiator

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN ,vol. 8, no. 237 (P-310)(1674) 30 October 1984:& JP,A,59 112 251 ( TERUMO K.K. ) 26 June 1984 see abstract *
PATENT ABSTRACTS OF JAPAN . vol. 11, no. 116 (P-566)(2563) 11 April 1987;& JP,A,61 262 630 ( KONDE K.K. ) 20 November 1986 see abstract *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU8508091A (en) 1992-04-15

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