WO1992005299A1 - Verfaharen zur herstellung von halogenierten acrylsäuren - Google Patents
Verfaharen zur herstellung von halogenierten acrylsäuren Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1992005299A1 WO1992005299A1 PCT/EP1991/001738 EP9101738W WO9205299A1 WO 1992005299 A1 WO1992005299 A1 WO 1992005299A1 EP 9101738 W EP9101738 W EP 9101738W WO 9205299 A1 WO9205299 A1 WO 9205299A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- electrolysis
- electrolyte
- salts
- cell
- undivided
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B3/00—Electrolytic production of organic compounds
- C25B3/20—Processes
- C25B3/25—Reduction
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
- C25B11/055—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the substrate or carrier material
- C25B11/057—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the substrate or carrier material consisting of a single element or compound
- C25B11/065—Carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/08—Supplying or removing reactants or electrolytes; Regeneration of electrolytes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B3/00—Electrolytic production of organic compounds
- C25B3/20—Processes
- C25B3/23—Oxidation
Definitions
- Acrylic acid derivatives have a very wide range of applications as organic intermediates. They allow access to a variety of useful compounds, but they are particularly suitable for the production of plastics.
- Halogenated and deuterated acrylic and methacrylic acid derivatives have been of particular interest for some time, since such substances are suitable for the production of special plastics with special properties.
- ⁇ -Haloacrylic acid ester used for the production of radiation-sensitive protective layers in resist technology.
- ⁇ -fluoroacrylic acid esters are suitable for the production of plastic glasses for aviation technology and are also suitable starting materials for polymer optical fibers, with deuterated derivatives being of particular interest because of their better optical properties.
- 3-chloro-2-fluoroacrylic acid and its derivatives are used, for example, to improve the
- 3-chloro-2-fluoroacrylic acid is formed when 2-bromo 3-chloro-2-fluoropropionic acid or 2,3-dichloro-2-fluoropropionic acid esters with 40% potassium hydroxide solution at 60-70 ° C in yields of 73-76%.
- the pyrolysis of 2,3-dichloro-2-fluoropropionic acid chloride is achieved by passing it through a quartz tube heated to 440 ° C. and filled with activated carbon.
- the problem with this process is the complex synthesis of the selectively chlorinated or chlorinated and brominated 2-fluoropropionic acid derivatives, which are required as starting materials.
- the invention thus relates to a process for the preparation of compounds of the formula (I)
- R 1 represents a fluorine atom, a methyl or deuteromethyl group, in particular a fluorine atom
- R ⁇ and R J are the same or different and are a fluorine, chlorine, hydrogen or deuterium atom, preferably a chlorine, hydrogen or deuterium atom, and
- Alkaline earth metal or NH A ion means by electrolytic reduction of compounds of the formula (II)
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 have the meaning given above and R ° represents a chlorine atom or compounds of the formula (III)
- R, R 4 and R ° have the meaning given above, in a divided or undivided cell in an electrolysis liquid consisting of - in each case based on the total amount of the electrolyte in the undivided cell or of the catholyte in the divided cell - 0 to 100% by weight.
- deuterium oxide or water 100 to 0 wt .-% of one or more organic solvents at a temperature in the range of -10 ° C to the boiling point of the electrolyte liquid, at a pH below 6 and current densities of 10 to 500 mA / cm , in the presence of iron salts, which are present in the electrolyte at a concentration of 1 to 5000 ppm, on a carbon cathode.
- the method according to the invention is carried out in divided or undivided cells.
- the anode and cathode compartments use the usual diaphragms made of polymers, preferably perfluorinated polymers, or other organic or inorganic materials, such as glass or ceramics, but preferably ion exchange membranes, which are stable in the electrolyte.
- Preferred ion exchange membranes are cation exchange membranes made of polymers, preferably perfluorinated polymers with carboxyl and / or sulfonic acid groups. The use of stable anion exchange membranes is also possible.
- the electrolysis can be carried out in all customary electrolysis cells, for example in beaker or plate and frame cells or cells with a fixed bed or
- Fluid bed electrodes Both the monopolar and the bipolar circuit of the electrodes can be used.
- Preferred anolyte liquids are aqueous mineral acids or solutions of their salts, such as, for example, dilute sulfuric acid, concentrated hydrochloric acid, sodium sulfate or sodium chloride solutions and solutions of hydrogen chloride in alcohol.
- the catholyte fluid consists of or can contain water or deuterium oxide.
- the catholyte liquid can also consist of organic solvents, which can contain water or deuterium oxide.
- organic solvents are short-chain aliphatic alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanols or butanols, diols such as ethylene glycol, Propanediol but also polyethylene glycols and their ethers, ethers such as tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, amides such as diethylformamide, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, nitriles such as acetonitrile, ketones such as acetone or other solvents.
- the proportion of organic solvents in the catholyte liquid is 0% by weight in the case of electrolysis in water or in deuterium oxide, or 100% by weight if electrolysis is carried out without water.
- the proportion of organic solvents is 5 to 95% by weight, preferably 10 to 90% by weight, of the catholyte liquid.
- the salts of iron contained in the electrolyte solutions according to the invention can be present in oxidation states 2+ and 3+, also side by side.
- the type of anion is unproblematic, but preference is given to using iron salts with the anions halide, S0 4 2 -, HS0 4 * , N0 3 " , BF 4 " and CH 3 C00 ⁇ .
- the concentrations of the iron salts in the electrolysis solutions are 1 to 5000 ppm, preferably 10 to 3000 ppm, in particular 100 to 1000 ppm.
- the electrolysis is carried out at pH values below 6, preferably below 5, in particular at pH values below 3.
- dissociating compounds for example inorganic or organic acids, preferably acids such as salt, boron or phosphorus, can be added to the catholyte in the divided cell or the electrolyte in the undivided cell -, Sulfuric or tetrafluoroboric acid and / or formic, acetic or citric acid and / or their salts.
- Tetraalkylammonium salts such as, for example, are also particularly suitable for increasing the conductivity Tetramethyl, tetraethyl, tetrapropyl and tetrabutylammonium salt with halide, sulfate, hydrogen sulfate, tetrafluoroborate, nitrate or acetate anions.
- the salts should be selected so that there is no formation of poorly soluble compounds.
- the electrolysis is carried out at current densities of 10 to 500 A / cm, preferably at current densities of 20 to 400 mA / cm, in particular at 50 to 300 mA / cm.
- salts of metals with a hydrogen overvoltage of at least 0.25 V can be added to the electrolyte in the undivided cell or the catholyte in the divided cell mainly the soluble salts of Cu, Ag, Au, Zn, Cd, Hg, Sn, Pb, Tl, Ti, Zr, Bi, V, Ta, Cr or Ni, preferably the soluble Pb-, Zn-, Cd- , Cu and Sn salts, especially the soluble lead salts.
- the preferred anions of these salts are CI ⁇ , S0 4 ⁇ , N0 3 "and CH 3 C00 ⁇ .
- the salts can be added directly to the electrolysis solution or, e.g. by adding oxides, carbonates etc. - in some cases also the metals themselves (if soluble) - in the solution.
- the salt concentration in the catholyte of the divided cell is expediently set to about 0.1 to 5000 ppm, preferably 10 to 1000 ppm.
- Examples are lead, lead oxide on lead or other carriers, platinum or titanium dioxide on titanium doped with noble metal oxides, for example platinum oxide or ruthenium dioxide, or other materials for developing chlorine from aqueous alkali metal chloride or aqueous or alcoholic hydrogen chloride solutions
- the electrolysis temperature is in the range from -10 ° C to the boiling point of the electrolyte liquid, preferably from 10 to 90 ° C, in particular from 15 to 80 ° C.
- the electrolysis product is worked up in a known manner, e.g. by distillation or extraction of the products.
- the compounds added to the catholyte can thus be returned to the process.
- the process according to the invention can still be carried out even at high current densities and low pH values, without any appreciable development of hydrogen at the cathode being observable.
- the high selectivity of the reaction is retained even under these conditions. An increase in the current efficiency and the selectivity of the reaction and thus the economy of the process when carrying out the electrolysis in the presence of iron salts was in no way to be expected in the prior art.
- the electrolysis was carried out in divided plates and frame cells (Sigri, Meitingen, Germany) electrode area: 1000 cm 2 electrode distance: 4 mm cation exchange membrane: ®Nafion 423,
- Tetrafluoroethylene turbulence amplifier polyethylene etze anolyte: 20% HC1 in water flow rate: 800 1 / h
- Electrolytic cell 2
- Electrode area 200 cm 2
- Anode Titanium electrode coated with Ti0 and activated with Ru0 2 .
- Anolyte 2% D 2 S0 4 in 300 g D 2 0 or 5% H 2 S0 4 in H 2 0 flow rate: 300 1 / h
- CC1 2 CFC00CH 3
- CD 2 CFC00D 1.2 (7.2
- CD 2 CFC00CH 3
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Image Processing (AREA)
- Editing Of Facsimile Originals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR1019930700768A KR930702555A (ko) | 1990-09-13 | 1991-09-12 | 할로겐화된 아크릴산의 제조방법 |
| JP91514886A JPH05506273A (ja) | 1990-09-13 | 1991-09-12 | ハロゲン化アクリル酸の製法 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4029068A DE4029068A1 (de) | 1990-09-13 | 1990-09-13 | Verfahren zur herstellung von halogenierten acrylsaeuren |
| DEP4029068.9 | 1990-09-13 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1992005299A1 true WO1992005299A1 (de) | 1992-04-02 |
Family
ID=6414186
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP1991/001738 Ceased WO1992005299A1 (de) | 1990-09-13 | 1991-09-12 | Verfaharen zur herstellung von halogenierten acrylsäuren |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0548141A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JPH05506273A (de) |
| KR (1) | KR930702555A (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2092693A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE4029068A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1992005299A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110438523B (zh) * | 2019-09-05 | 2021-12-03 | 南京大学 | 一种以重水为氘源的无催化剂电化学氘代方法 |
| EP4253605A1 (de) * | 2022-03-28 | 2023-10-04 | Evonik Operations GmbH | Elektrochemische oxidation von cycloalkenen zu alpha,omega-dicarbonsäuren und ketocarbonsäuren |
| EP4253602A1 (de) * | 2022-03-28 | 2023-10-04 | Evonik Operations GmbH | Elektrochemische oxidation von cycloalkenen und cycloalkanen zu alpha,omega-dicarbonsäuren oder ketocarbonsäuren und cycloalkanon-verbindungen |
| EP4253604A1 (de) * | 2022-03-28 | 2023-10-04 | Evonik Operations GmbH | Elektrochemische oxidation von fettsäuren und fettsäureestern zu monocarbonsäuren und alpha,omega-dicarbonsäuren |
| EP4253603A1 (de) * | 2022-03-28 | 2023-10-04 | Evonik Operations GmbH | Elektrochemische oxidation von cycloalkanen zu cycloalkanon-verbindungen |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE848807C (de) * | 1942-03-12 | 1952-09-08 | Lech Chemie Gersthofen | Verfahren zur elektrolytischen Reduktion von Chlor- oder Bromessigsaeuren |
| US4482437A (en) * | 1984-04-05 | 1984-11-13 | Reilly Tar & Chemical Corp. | Electrochemical reductions of cyanopyridine bases |
| EP0308838A1 (de) * | 1987-09-23 | 1989-03-29 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Herstellung von fluorierten Acrylsäuren und ihren Derivaten |
-
1990
- 1990-09-13 DE DE4029068A patent/DE4029068A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1991
- 1991-09-12 CA CA002092693A patent/CA2092693A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-09-12 JP JP91514886A patent/JPH05506273A/ja active Pending
- 1991-09-12 WO PCT/EP1991/001738 patent/WO1992005299A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1991-09-12 EP EP91915957A patent/EP0548141A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1991-09-12 KR KR1019930700768A patent/KR930702555A/ko not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE848807C (de) * | 1942-03-12 | 1952-09-08 | Lech Chemie Gersthofen | Verfahren zur elektrolytischen Reduktion von Chlor- oder Bromessigsaeuren |
| US4482437A (en) * | 1984-04-05 | 1984-11-13 | Reilly Tar & Chemical Corp. | Electrochemical reductions of cyanopyridine bases |
| EP0308838A1 (de) * | 1987-09-23 | 1989-03-29 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zur Herstellung von fluorierten Acrylsäuren und ihren Derivaten |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR930702555A (ko) | 1993-09-09 |
| JPH05506273A (ja) | 1993-09-16 |
| CA2092693A1 (en) | 1992-03-14 |
| DE4029068A1 (de) | 1992-03-19 |
| EP0548141A1 (de) | 1993-06-30 |
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