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WO1992004581A1 - Step switching for electric heaters - Google Patents

Step switching for electric heaters Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1992004581A1
WO1992004581A1 PCT/EP1991/001720 EP9101720W WO9204581A1 WO 1992004581 A1 WO1992004581 A1 WO 1992004581A1 EP 9101720 W EP9101720 W EP 9101720W WO 9204581 A1 WO9204581 A1 WO 9204581A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
resistors
tap changer
voltage
inputs
switch
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP1991/001720
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Rohit Vepari
Daniel Korbas
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HASCHKAMP ERNESTINE
HASCHKAMP WOLFGANG
Original Assignee
HASCHKAMP ERNESTINE
HASCHKAMP WOLFGANG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by HASCHKAMP ERNESTINE, HASCHKAMP WOLFGANG filed Critical HASCHKAMP ERNESTINE
Publication of WO1992004581A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992004581A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C15/00—Details
    • F24C15/10—Tops, e.g. hot plates; Rings
    • F24C15/102—Tops, e.g. hot plates; Rings electrically heated
    • F24C15/106—Tops, e.g. hot plates; Rings electrically heated electric circuits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a tap changer for a plurality of electrical consumer resistors which can be connected individually or in series and / or in parallel to a voltage source for setting the power.
  • the invention relates to a tap changer for the heating resistors of the hotplates built into, for example, electric cookers.
  • Such tap changers have a simple mechanical structure and do not require additional electronic scarf ⁇ obligations such as those required in the continuous switches which are working with phase angle control or pull method, and also used for the control of hotplates.
  • the tap changers currently used are designed as seven-stroke circuits, as described for example in DE-PS 12 39 034.
  • three heating ⁇ resistors are connected to four outputs of the tap changer, which provide in parallel the power level 100%, and individually or in series and parallel connection, the setting of another five power levels enable (the OFF ⁇ position is the seventh position of the switch).
  • the invention has for its object to provide a tap changer that allows a narrower power Unterteilu._g.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a tap changer in conjunction with the four Inputs of a hotplate equipped with three resistance heating elements can be used. "This requirement is important because the hotplate manufacturers cannot be expected to produce hotplates with changed heating resistance inputs and the tap changer according to the invention must be interchangeable with the conventional seven-cycle tap changers.
  • the heating plates with either the Phasen ⁇ voltage of 220 volts or with the line voltage from 380 volts to operate, and using three heating resistors maximum of seven switching stages (including zero ⁇ position and full load) could be achieved.
  • the invention there are numerous other possible combinations even when using the conventional hotplates equipped with four inputs, which ensure a very narrow level of power division.
  • the invention is not only suitable for setting the power of hotplates, but can also be used with other heating resistors and, moreover, also with other consumer resistors in which a corresponding power distribution is required.
  • the tap changer according to the invention can also be used for direct current operation of small and large powers.
  • the invention is illustrated below using exemplary embodiments. The drawing shows:
  • FIG. 1 shows a circuit diagram of a conventional seven-cycle step switch which feeds the three heating resistors of a hotplate; the power levels for the seven cycles are also shown;
  • FIG. 2 shows a tap changer according to the invention with a tap changer, likewise provided with four outputs, which feeds a hotplate provided with four inputs, which has the same heating resistors as in FIG. 1;
  • Fig. 3-6 different, non-limiting embodiments of tap changers or tap changers with heating elements switched on, which can be set to different power levels.
  • tap changers or tap changers with heating elements switched on which can be set to different power levels.
  • Figure 3 shows a ten-stroke tap changer to which the three usual heating resistors Nl, N2, N3 of a hotplate are connected. The percentages represent the power share in percent of the maximum heating power (resistors connected in parallel).
  • FIG. 4 shows a twelve-cycle stage circuit for a hotplate with three heating resistors N1, N2, N3.
  • FIG. 5 shows a ten-stage circuit when using only two heating resistors L and R.
  • FIG. 6 shows a tooth clock circuit for two heating resistors L and R using a diode known per se.
  • Figures 3 to 6 show the individual positions of the tap changer, which lead to a parallel or series connection, with the corresponding power level.
  • the dimensioning the resistors are made in a conventional manner so that compatibility with conventional switches and heating plates is ensured.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Electric Stoves And Ranges (AREA)

Abstract

The steps of a step switching, in particular for the cooking plates of electric cookers, can be further refined by applying two input voltages, to which the resistance combinations of the cooking plate can be selectively connected. The use of two different input voltages allows already a plurality of combination possibilities to be obtained, that result in many more steps as the seven usual switching steps of the state of the art. The available input voltages are the 380 volt mesh voltage present in threephase current supply terminals and the 230 volt phase voltage.

Description

STUFENSCHALTUNG FÜR ELEKTRISCHE HEIZUNGEN STEP BY STEP FOR ELECTRIC HEATERS

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Stufenschaltung für mehrere elektrische Verbraucherwiderstände, die zur Leistungseinstellung einzeln oder in Reihe und/oder parallel an eine Spannungsquelle anschaltbar sind. Insbesondere bezieht sich die Erfindung auf eine Stufenschaltung für die beispielsweise in Elektroherden eingebauten Heizwiderstände der Kochplatten.The invention relates to a tap changer for a plurality of electrical consumer resistors which can be connected individually or in series and / or in parallel to a voltage source for setting the power. In particular, the invention relates to a tap changer for the heating resistors of the hotplates built into, for example, electric cookers.

Derartige Stufenschalter haben einen einfachen mechanischen Aufbau und benötigen keine zusätzlichen elektronischen Schal¬ tungen, wie sie bei den stufenlosen Schaltern erforderlich sind, die mit Phasenanschnittsteuerung oder im Taktverfahren arbeiten und ebenfalls zur Ansteuerung von Kochplatten benutzt werden. Die gegenwärtig benutzten Stufenschaltungen sind als Siebentaktschaltungen ausgebildet, wie sie beispielsweise in der DE-PS 12 39 034 beschrieben sind. Hierbei sind drei Heiz¬ widerstände an vier Ausgänge des Stufenschalters angeschlossen, die in Parallelschaltung die Leistungsstufe 100% erbringen und einzeln bzw. in Reihen- und Parallelschaltung die Einstellung von fünf weiteren Leistungsstufen ermöglichen (die Ausschalt¬ stellung ist die siebente Stellung des Schalters). Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Stufenschaltung anzugeben, die eine engstufigere Leistungsunterteilu._g ermöglicht.Such tap changers have a simple mechanical structure and do not require additional electronic scarf ¬ obligations such as those required in the continuous switches which are working with phase angle control or pull method, and also used for the control of hotplates. The tap changers currently used are designed as seven-stroke circuits, as described for example in DE-PS 12 39 034. Here, three heating ¬ resistors are connected to four outputs of the tap changer, which provide in parallel the power level 100%, and individually or in series and parallel connection, the setting of another five power levels enable (the OFF ¬ position is the seventh position of the switch). The invention has for its object to provide a tap changer that allows a narrower power Unterteilu._g.

Gelöst wird die gestellte Aufgabe durch die im Kennzeichnungε- teil des Patentanspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmale. Durch die Erfindung wird erreicht, daß bei einer gleichen Zahl von Heiz- widerständen eine weitaus höhere Zahl von unterschiedlichen Leistungsstellstufen erreicht werden kann.The stated object is achieved by the features specified in the characterizing part of patent claim 1. It is achieved by the invention that a much higher number of different power setting stages can be achieved with the same number of heating resistors.

Insbesondere liegt der Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Stufenschaltung zu schaffen, die in Verbindung mit den vier Eingängen einer mit drei Widerstandsheizkörperπ ausgestatteten Kochplatte benutzbar ist." Diese Forderung ist deshalb wichtig, weil den Kochplattenherstellern die herstellung von Kochplatten mit geänderten Heizwiderstandseingängen nicht zugemutet werden kann und der erfindungsgemäße Stufenschalter mit den herkömm¬ lichen Siebentakt-Stufenschaltern austauschbar sein muß.In particular, the invention has for its object to provide a tap changer in conjunction with the four Inputs of a hotplate equipped with three resistance heating elements can be used. "This requirement is important because the hotplate manufacturers cannot be expected to produce hotplates with changed heating resistance inputs and the tap changer according to the invention must be interchangeable with the conventional seven-cycle tap changers.

Die unterschiedlichen Wechselspannungen könnten unter Verwendung eines Transformators oder eines anderen Spannungswandlers erhalten werden. Dies stellt jedoch einen- erheblichen zusätz¬ lichen Aufwand dar, der für die Leistungseinstellung bei Elektroherden kaum sinnvoll sein dürfte. Bei dieser Anwendung zur Leistungseinstellung bei Elektroherden bietet sich die Benutzung der bei vierpoligem Drehstromanschluß zur Verfügung stehenden verketteten Spannung und der Phasenspannung an, die sich um den Faktor von -/3 unterscheiden.The different AC voltages could be obtained using a transformer or other voltage converter. However, this represents a considerable additional effort, which should hardly make sense for setting the power in electric cookers. In this application for setting the power in electric cookers, it is advisable to use the phase-to-phase voltage available with a four-pole three-phase connection and the phase voltage, which differ by a factor of - / 3.

Bisher war es üblich, die Heizplatten entweder mit der Phasen¬ spannung von 220 Volt oder mit der verketteten Spannung von 380 Volt zu betreiben, wobei unter Verwendung von drei Heiz- widerständen maximal sieben Schaltstufen (einschließlich Null¬ stellung und Vollaststellung) erreicht werden konnten. Durch Anwendung der Erfindung ergeben sich auch bei Verwendung der herkömmlichen mit vier Eingängen ausgestatteten Kochplatten zahlreiche weitere Kombinationsmöglichkeiten, die eine sehr engstufige Leistungsunterteilung gewährleisten.It has been customary, the heating plates with either the Phasen¬ voltage of 220 volts or with the line voltage from 380 volts to operate, and using three heating resistors maximum of seven switching stages (including zero ¬ position and full load) could be achieved. By using the invention, there are numerous other possible combinations even when using the conventional hotplates equipped with four inputs, which ensure a very narrow level of power division.

Die Erfindung ist nicht nur zur Leistungseinstellung von Kochplatten geeignet, sondern auch bei anderen Heizwiderständen und darüber hinaus auch für andere-Verbraucherwiderstände-an¬ wendbar, bei denen eine entsprechende Leistungsaufteilung erforderlich ist. Die erfindungsgemäße Stufenschaltung kann auch für Gleichstrombetrieb kleiner und großer Leistungen Anwendung finden. Nachstehend wird die Erfindung anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen veranschaulicht. In der Zeichnung zeigen:The invention is not only suitable for setting the power of hotplates, but can also be used with other heating resistors and, moreover, also with other consumer resistors in which a corresponding power distribution is required. The tap changer according to the invention can also be used for direct current operation of small and large powers. The invention is illustrated below using exemplary embodiments. The drawing shows:

Fig. 1 ein Schaltbild eines herkömmlichen Siebentakt-Stufen- schalters, der die drei Heizwiderstände einer Kochplatte speist; daneben sind die Leistungsstufen bei den sieben Takten angegeben;1 shows a circuit diagram of a conventional seven-cycle step switch which feeds the three heating resistors of a hotplate; the power levels for the seven cycles are also shown;

Fig. 2 eine erfindungsgemäße Stufenschaltung mit einem ebenfalls mit vier Ausgängen versehenen Stufenschalter, der eine mit vier Eingängen versehene Kochplatte speist, die die gleichen Heizwiderstände wie bei Fig. 1 aufweist;2 shows a tap changer according to the invention with a tap changer, likewise provided with four outputs, which feeds a hotplate provided with four inputs, which has the same heating resistors as in FIG. 1;

Fig. 3-6 verschiedene, nicht beschränkende Ausführungsbeispiele von Stufenschaltungen bzw. Stufenschaltern mit angeschalteten Heizelementen, die auf verschiedene Leistungsstufen einstellbar sind. Im einzelnen zeigen:Fig. 3-6 different, non-limiting embodiments of tap changers or tap changers with heating elements switched on, which can be set to different power levels. In detail show:

Figur 3 einen Zehntakt-Stufenschalter, an den die drei üblichen Heizwiderstände Nl, N2, N3 einer Kochplatte angeschaltet sind. Die Prozentzahlen geben den Leistungsanteil in Prozenten der maximalen Heizleistung (parallelgeschaltete Widerstände) wider.Figure 3 shows a ten-stroke tap changer to which the three usual heating resistors Nl, N2, N3 of a hotplate are connected. The percentages represent the power share in percent of the maximum heating power (resistors connected in parallel).

Figur 4 zeigt eine Zwölftaktstufenschaltung für eine Kochplatte rnit drei Heizwiderständen Nl, N2, N3.FIG. 4 shows a twelve-cycle stage circuit for a hotplate with three heating resistors N1, N2, N3.

Figur 5 eine Zehnstufenschaltung bei Verwendung von nur zwei Heizwiderständen L und R.5 shows a ten-stage circuit when using only two heating resistors L and R.

Figur 6 eine Zahntaktschaltung für.zwei Heizwiderstände L und R unter Verwendung einer an sich bekannten Diode.FIG. 6 shows a tooth clock circuit for two heating resistors L and R using a diode known per se.

Die Figuren 3 bis 6 lassen die einzelnen Stellungen des Stufen¬ schalters erkennen, die zu einer Parallel- oder Reihenschaltung führen, mit den entsprechenden Leistungsstufe . Die Bemessung der Widerstände erfolgt in herkömmlicher Weise, so daß eine Kompatibilität mit herkömmlichen Schaltern und Heizplatten gewährleistet ist. Figures 3 to 6 show the individual positions of the tap changer, which lead to a parallel or series connection, with the corresponding power level. The dimensioning the resistors are made in a conventional manner so that compatibility with conventional switches and heating plates is ensured.

Claims

Patentansprüche Claims 1. Stufenschaltung für mehrere elektrische Verbraucherwider¬ stände, die zur Leistungseinstellung einzeln oder in Reihe und/oder parallel an eine Spannungsguelle anschaltbar sind, insbesondere für Heizwiderstände z.B. in Elektroherden dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Spannungsguelle wenigstens zwei unterschiedliche Spannungen aufweist.1. Step circuit for several electrical consumer resistors that can be connected individually or in series and / or in parallel to a voltage source for power setting, in particular for heating resistors e.g. in electric stoves characterized in that the voltage source has at least two different voltages. 2. Stufenschaltung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Spannungsquelle eine verkettete Spannung von 380 V= und eine Phasenspannung von ca. 230 V= auf eist.2. Step circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that the voltage source is a chained voltage of 380 V = and a phase voltage of about 230 V = on. 3. Stufenschaltung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die beiden Spannungen an die drei Eingänge einess dreipoligen Umschalters angeschaltet sind, an dessen vier Ausgängen drei Heizwiderstände angeschaltet sind.3. tap changer according to claim 2, characterized in that the two voltages are connected to the three inputs of a three-pole switch, at whose four outputs three heating resistors are connected. 4. Stufenschaltung nach den Ansprüchen 2 und 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zwischen zwei ersten Eingängen (R,S) des Umschalters die verkettete Spannung 380 V anliegt, daß zwischen zwei zweiten Eingängen (S,T) des Umschalters eine Phasenspannung 230 V anliegt und zwischen zwei dritten Eingängen (R,T) des Umschalters die Phasenspannung 230 V anliegt.4. tap changer according to claims 2 and 3, characterized in that between two first inputs (R, S) of the switch, the chained voltage 380 V is present, that between two second inputs (S, T) of the switch, a phase voltage 230 V is present and the phase voltage 230 V is present between two third inputs (R, T) of the switch. 5. Stufenschaltung nach den Ansprüchen i bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schaltungsanordnung zehnstufig gemäß Fig. 3 ausgebildet ist.5. stage circuit according to claims i to 4, characterized in that the circuit arrangement is formed in ten stages according to FIG. 3. 6. Stufenschaltung nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schaltungsanordnung zwölfstufig mit drei Widerständen gemäß Fig. 4 ausgebildet ist. 6. tap changer according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the circuit arrangement is designed in twelve stages with three resistors according to FIG. 4. 7. Stufenschaltung nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schaltungsanordnung zehnstufig mit zwei Widerständen gemäß Fig. 5 ausgebildet ist.7. tap changer according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the circuit arrangement is formed in ten stages with two resistors according to FIG. 5. 8. Stufenschaltung nach den Ansprüchen 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schaltungsanordnung zwölfstufig mit zwei Widerständen und einem lodenzweig gemäß Fig. 6 ausgebildet ist. 8. stage circuit according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the circuit arrangement is formed in twelve stages with two resistors and an iodine branch according to FIG. 6.
PCT/EP1991/001720 1990-09-12 1991-09-10 Step switching for electric heaters Ceased WO1992004581A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19904028954 DE4028954A1 (en) 1990-09-12 1990-09-12 STEP-BY-STEP FOR ELECTRIC HEATERS
DEP4028954.0 1990-09-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1992004581A1 true WO1992004581A1 (en) 1992-03-19

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ID=6414115

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1991/001720 Ceased WO1992004581A1 (en) 1990-09-12 1991-09-10 Step switching for electric heaters

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DE (1) DE4028954A1 (en)
WO (1) WO1992004581A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4224666C2 (en) * 1992-07-25 1999-05-06 Ako Werke Gmbh & Co Circuit of a radiant heater
GB2312570B (en) * 1996-04-26 2000-04-19 Ceramaspeed Ltd Radiant electric heater arrangement
US6365988B1 (en) 1998-12-04 2002-04-02 Dreefs Gmbh Schaltgerate Und Systeme Power controller for setting the power of the electrical loads of an electrical appliance
DE29821663U1 (en) 1998-12-04 1999-05-20 Dreefs Gmbh Schaltgeraete Und Power controller for setting the power of the electrical consumers of an electrical device

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR758635A (en) * 1933-03-08 1934-01-20 Rheinisch Westfalisches Elek C Device for electric heating
DE664707C (en) * 1934-06-09 1938-09-02 Voigt & Haeffner Akt Ges Electrically heated hotplate with large heat capacity with two heating conductors, the heating output of which can be regulated by means of series parallel connection
FR1315694A (en) * 1962-02-23 1963-01-18 Thomson Houston Comp Francaise Electric heater

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR758635A (en) * 1933-03-08 1934-01-20 Rheinisch Westfalisches Elek C Device for electric heating
DE664707C (en) * 1934-06-09 1938-09-02 Voigt & Haeffner Akt Ges Electrically heated hotplate with large heat capacity with two heating conductors, the heating output of which can be regulated by means of series parallel connection
FR1315694A (en) * 1962-02-23 1963-01-18 Thomson Houston Comp Francaise Electric heater

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Publication number Publication date
DE4028954A1 (en) 1992-03-19

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