WO1992001363A1 - Rotary weeding machine with automatic adjustment for cleaning furrow cultures - Google Patents

Abstract

Rotary weeding machine for cleaning cultures in furrows, said weeder being towed or carried by a vehicle powered or not, being comprised of vertical tools and of protectors for the cultivated plants in order to avoid any deterioration of the latter. Said rotary weeder has rotary assemblies (1-2-3-4-5-6-7-8) driven by hydraulic or electric motors sliding on slide beams via needle roller bearings (16). Said assemblies are mounted on threaded shafts (63-65 and 67-69) at the right side of the machine rotating in the same direction by means of a hydraulic or electric motor (37). A hydraulic or electric motor (35) on the left side rotates said shafts (64-66 and 68-70) on the counter direction of motor (37) in order to allow the rotary assemblies to move closer to each other or away from each other, thereby allowing to adjust the machine according to the space of the plantations cultivated in the furrows. Said rotary weeder protects by means of its protectors the plants cultivated and pulls out so-called parasitic plants and eliminates them by crushing, thereby avoiding the use of any chemical product.

Description

 ROTARY TILLER WITH AUTOMATIC ADJUSTMENT FOR CLEANING CROP CROPS

 This rotary weeder allows:

 1 ° / To destroy the bad plants which hinder cultivated plants

(aeration).

 2 ° / To recover the mineral salts that plants called "parasites" can assimilate so that they benefit future crops. 3 ° / To decrease the content of nitrates or others in the waters of rivers, ground water etc ...

 Indeed it is possible to sow seeds of plants specialized in the intervals of cultures, having the faculty to digest salts or others (nitrates, phosphates ...). When these seeds have germinated they grow at the same time as the cultivated plant and the cleaning by the rotosarcleuse makes it possible to crush these parasitic plants which are reincorporated in the soil with elements which can be digested by the cultivated plant. These salts and others (nitrates, phosphates etc ... returned to the soil in this way will allow them to be assimilated by future crops.

 DESCRIPTION OF THE MACHINE

A - HYDRAULIC OR ELECTRICAL LOCKING AFTER ADJUSTMENT - BOARD I / I9 - Section D Of 1 horizontal represents the setting for cleaning crops at 80cm (for example corn) seen on hydraulic or electric motors and their supports 12-13- 14-15 and the dotted view of the rotary supports 19 of the tools 88 which suck up and destroy the weeds. View also of protectors 25 to 34.

Plate 2 / I9 "Section D D'2 represents the setting for cleaning crops sown at 60cm (for example beet). Horizontal section

 D ° Plate 1/19

PLATE 3 / I9 - Section D D '3 represents the setting for cleaning crops at 30cm (for example the carrot) horizontal section.

 D ° Plate 1/19

PLATE 4/19 - Section C C'I horizontal above the hydraulic motors for crop spacing at 0.80

 PLATE 5 / I9 - Section C C'2 horizontal above the hydraulic motors for crop spacing at 60cm.

BOARD 6 / I9 - Section C C'3 horizontal above the hydraulic motors qies for spacing of crops at 30cm.

 Plate 7 / I9 - Section G G 'I vertical of the device

 PIanche 8 / I9 - Section A A 'I vertical for crops at 80cm.

 Plate 9 / I9 - Section A A '2 vertical for crops at 60cm

 BOARD I0 / I9 - Section A A '3 vertical for crops at 30cm

 Plate I1 / I9 - Section B B'I vertical for crops at 80cm

 Plate I2 / I9 - Section B B '2 vertical for crops at 60cm

 Plate 13/19 - Section B B'3 vertical for crops at 30cm

 Plate I4 / I9 - Section A A 'I vertical represents only the automatic adjustment system with hydraulic distributor or electrical contactor for cultivation at 80cm.

 Plate I5 / I9 - Section A A'2 vertical d ° for culture at 60cm.

 Plate I6 / I9 - Section A A'3 vertical d ° for culture at 30cm.

 B - AUTOMATIC MECHANICAL LOCK - Plate I7 / I9 - Section E E'I horizontal of the device for cultivation at 80cm.

 Plate I8 / I9 - Section F F'I vertical for cultivation at 80cm.

 Plate I9 / I9 - Section H H'I vertical of the device.

 All the parts are placed on a metal support (beams 9-I0II-87-89-90 and 84-86-85 forming a rigid frame (see section G board 7 / I9 and sections AA 8 / I99 / I9 I0 / I9 On this chassis there will be placed sliding beams in groups of two either (I2-I3) (I4-I5) parallel supporting on each side hydraulic or electric motors I-2-34-5-6-7-8 These motors 6-7-8 are placed on the 2 rear beams I2I3 spaced to let the shafts of the said mobile motors pass.

On the front, the I-2-3-4-5 motors are placed on the 2 front beams I4-I5 spaced to let the shafts of the so-called mobile motors pass. These motors are intended to cooperate on two lines. The rotary assemblies of the front line cooperate with the rear assembly to define a variable working width corresponding to a space between 2 cultivated lines. The rotary assemblies can move towards each other, in the event of an extreme (minimum space) be arranged on the same longitudinal line.

In the case of a larger space to be cleaned (corn, beets, etc.), the said rotary assemblies will move in the opposite direction from each other so that the rear rotor only works a part from the surface of the front assembly and this up to the maximum spacing where the 2 worked widths are adjacent, the rotary assemblies moving staggered.

 To ensure these movements, the hydraulic or electric rotary assemblies I and 2 as well as the protectors 25-26-27 will be placed on the shafts 64-66 on the threads 42 by means of a nut 46 and moving to the left towards the center (front view plate 4 / I9).

 The hydraulic or electric rotary assembly 5 and 8 as well as the protectors 32-33-34 will be placed on the shafts (63-65 67-69) on the threads 42 by means of nuts 46 and will move to the right towards the center.

 The hydraulic or electric rotary assembly 6 secured to the protectors 28 and 29 will be placed on the shafts 68-70 on the threads 43 by means of nut 47 and will move to the left towards the center.

 The hydraulic or electric rotary assembly 4 secured to the protectors 30 and 3I will be placed on the shafts 63-65 on the thread 43 by means of nut 47 and will move to the right towards the center.

 The hydraulic or electric rotary assembly 3 and 7 is not attached to any protector, the plants being protected by protectors 29 and 30.

The motor 3 is placed on the shafts 64 and 66 on the thread 44 by means of nut 48 and will move to the left.

The motor 7 is placed on the shafts 67 and 69 on the thread 44 by means of a nut 48 and will move to the right.

 To allow the driver to drive the machine well and avoid any destruction of the cultivated plant, a probe will be placed at the front of the tractor to warn him when the latter makes a wrong move by an audible warning and by a visual screen. on its dashboard near the steering wheel, these sensors act on induction coils which, by phase shift, open a circuit which can be audible or visual.

Explanation of a unitary motor assembly allowing the aspiration of the plant and the grinding.

The mobile motor (3) will be fixed on a motor support plate I7 which itself will be placed on the intermediate part I8 of well-defined shape to rest on the beams I4 and I5 which will include needle bearings I6 which will allow the motor to slide freely on the beams. The axis of the hydraulic or electric motor is fixed to a transmission shaft 22, the other end of which is fixed to a rotary support plate I9 by a reinforcing plate. This rotary assembly (shaft) and plate (19 is placed in a tube 23 centered by bearings 24 forming the support for the transmission element of the doors or tils. The rotary support 19 centered by the bearings 24 where several tool holders are placed and fixed 20 will receive a tool 88 at its ends having a helical shape allowing the aspiration of the plant to uproot and grind it.

 Between the plate 19 and the tool support 20, an oscillatory system 21 will be placed with a spring which will avoid the tool box when the latter hits a stone by modifying its rotation diameter.

 This rotating unitary unit which can move is integral with a protective plate 27 having a base 9I fixed at the rear by means of a support adjustable in height 50 by the screws 52. This mobile unit is moved manually by a crank 55 or by a hydraulic motor and on the front by a vertical sliding support I08 adjustable by the screw I09 manually by the crank I04 making it possible to adjust the height between the bottom of the protective sheet and the rotary tools 88. The crank. I04 can be replaced by a hydraulic motor.

 For a good understanding, a machine with 8 motors 4 ROWS has been designed. SEE BOARDS I / I9 to I6 / I9 for automatic horizontal adjustment with hydraulic locking and boards I7 / I9 to I9 / I9 for mechanical locking after automatic adjustment.

 Motors I and 2 are integral with protectors 25-26-27.

 Motors 5 and 8 are integral with No. 32-33-34.

The motor 6 is integral with the protectors 28 and 29.

The engine 4 D ° 30 and 3I.

 Motors 3 and 7 are not attached to any guard, the plants being protected by guards 29 and 30.

 The motors I and 5 will clean a I / 2 row on each opposite side of the machine and will each be joined with 2 protective sheets, i.e. hydraulic motor no. I sheet 25 and 26, MOTOR No. 5 of the sheet 33 and 34. In some cases these sheets may have a manual adjustment system for spacing between them (spacings between 25-26 and 33 - 34.).

These motor sets and mobile protectors, automatically adjusted, make it possible to obtain a modification of the width of the parts to be cleaned while preserving the cultivated plant which is protected, that is to say the always regular space for protecting cultivated plants between the protective plates 26- 27 28-29 30-3I 32-33. The mobility of the hydraulic motor and motorized rotary tool assemblies is achieved by transmission shafts, in this case either 63-6564-66 67-69 68-70 in this case have threads 42-43 and 44.

 These shafts will be threaded with different pitches on different diameters depending on the movement of the rotary assemblies required for the different spacings of the crop to be cleaned. The motors will be placed on one or two or more transmission rods. According to the case of the drawing for explanation there are two of them, that is to say that the motors will be placed astride the two. Each mobile assembly (motor and tool) will be fixed by nuts of the same thread as the threaded shafts of each side allowing a regular and parallel movement on the threaded shafts.

 These threaded shafts (63-65) (64-66) (67-69) (68-70) will be fixed to the frame by means of sealed bearings or bearings and will be flattened in parallel 71 to 76 - 92 - 114 to I30-I35 - I44.

 Boards 1 / I9 (maize setting) 2 / I9 (beet setting) 3 / I9 (carrot setting) section D (see board 7 / I9) show the motors I-2-3-4-56-7-8.

 The protective sheets are represented by the following parts 25-2627-28-29-30-3I-32-33 and 34.

 The boards 4 / I9 Corn setting 5 / I9 beet setting 6/19 carrots setting each represent the different positions given as an example allowing cleaning between the cultivated rows.

The section CC '(see plate 4/19) shows the arrangement of the motors and the adaptation to the threaded shafts 42-43-44 by nuts 46-47-48 corresponding to a thread size and the shaft pitch threaded. (The nuts 46-47-48 are integral with the motors.).

 These dimensions make it possible to obtain the necessary displacement of the motor according to the adjustment according to the cultivated plants. To obtain this movement, the threaded shafts must be rotated in the direction indicated by the hydraulic or electric motors 35 and 37 which are alirrentës by a hydraulic or electric power station and which are identical (same rotation in revolutions per minute).

 Section A - Plate 8 / I9 9 / I9 I0 / I9 (see section 7 / I9)

Coqpe B - - - 11/19 I2 / I9 I3 / I9 (see cutting board 7 / I9) Motor 37 will rotate the threaded shafts 63-65-67-69 all in the same direction.

Motor 35 will rotate the threaded shafts 64-66-68-70 all in the Same direction. The motor 35 will rotate the threaded shafts 64-66-68-70 all in the same direction but unlike the motor 37.

 To obtain a precise and rapid adjustment, distributors or contactors III - II3 will be placed.

 Plate Section A / I4 / I9 I5 / I9 I6 / I9.

 The distributors or contactors III-II3 are placed to be controlled by an arm II2 placed on each motor which will come to bear to effect the opening of the by-pass circuit of the circuit supplying the motors 35 and 37 for the maximum and minimum adjustment of crop cleaning. To obtain the adjustment of the intermediate spacings, distributors or contactors will be placed on a slide and can thus be moved manually or automatically by a jack allowing precise adjustments between the maximum and the minimum of the possible widths, for example between the adjustment of corn and carrots. and where appropriate for beet.

 When the adjustment is carried out either automatically or manually, the mobile rotary working elements must be locked to be precise and avoid any vibration. The blocking can be achieved in 3 ways I ° / Hydraulically and automatically for all the working elements by a simple operation using a distributor supplying a jack on each mobile element. Each mobile element has a small jack 59 which, once supplied, presses on the chassis and blocks the mobile element when it receives oil pressure through a line 83 (this line can be taken from the hydraulic outlet of the tractor or the like ( boards 8 / I99 / I9 11/19 I2 / I9 I3 / I9 section AA 'BB') 2 ° / Mechanically manual locking to each moving element I / by screwing 2 / by pressure (cams).

 3 ° / Mechanical blocking see boards I7 / I9 I8 / I9 I9 / I9.

Mechanically and automatically the blocking of all the mobile working elements is done by a simple operation.

 Each mobile working element is provided with an operating arm for locking 93 and which causes a locking eccentric 95 to pivot pivoting about an axis 94 bearing on I2-I3-I4-I5.

A movable control bar 97 sliding and pivoting in fasteners 96 having forks 98 to allow the arms 93 to be pushed. This control bar 97 can pivot and pivot in advance by the screw pitch I03. This set of mechanisms is controlled by a jack 99 pushed by a shaft I00 fixed by a pivot I0I on an eccentric disc I02 secured to the control bar 97.

 When the jack 99 is supplied, the latter pushes the arm I00, rotates the disc I02 which makes the control bar 97 rotate by a quarter of a turn, the latter by the screw pitch I03 advances and thereby the forks of relay 98 act on the arms 93 which rotate the eccentric 95 which blocks the mobile working assembly on the sliding frame I2-I3-I4-I5. AUTOMATIC HYDRAULIC OR ELECTRICAL LOCKING VERSION) This machine, being all hydraulic, allows the driver's position of the towed machine to be adjusted automatically. It can clean all crops sown in furrows with a spacing of 0.20 to I.00ML. or more depending on the size of the machine. The advantages of this machine thus constructed are to allow mechanical cleaning without the use of deoerbial products which are I ° / poisons for man 2 ° / which prevent the so-called parasitic plants from germinating which can digest elements in the soil or in fertilizers that the cultivated plant is not always able to digest. It is therefore necessary that certain so-called parasitic and bad plants exist because they alone can digest these elements. These so-called "parasite" plants put in small particles by the so-called machine (ROTOSARCLEUSE) having predigested the mineral salts and others allow the cultivated plant to be able to assimilate them and therefore are not found in streams and rivers, not being more washed away by runoff because some nitrates and phosphates from waste and fertilizers have elements that cannot be assimilated by cultivated plants.

 LIST OF ADDITIONAL PARTS TO FACILITATE THE EXPLANATION: Plate 7 / I9.

 39 - Axis of the anti-projection sheet 38 to flatten the soil after weeding.

 40 - Bearing for rear sliding of the protective sheet in the 4I slide.

 45 - Support plate for each protective plate on the front.

 49 - Oil return from hydraulic motors.

 5I - Transmission shaft to turn the threaded rod 52 to the right or to the left to raise or lower the sheet 27

53 - Fixed nut on movable sheet 50. 54 - Fixing on each sheet on protective sheet 25 to 34.

 56 - Gear or pulley fixed to the crank or electric or hydraulic motor.

 57 - Chain or belt.

 I05 - Fixing of the crank and control pin.

 I06 - Conical return.

 I07 - Backstage

 I08 - Sliding guide

 II0 - Screw drive pinion.

 58 - Fixing on movable plate I8 on each assembly of the blocking jack 59.

 59 - Hydraulic blocking cylinder after automatic adjustment.

 Rotating tiller under the tiller. (not shown).

 60 - Flexible hydraulic supply tube connected to the hydraulic lift of the tractor or other vehicle by means of the tube 83 for jack 59 for locking each movable rotary assembly.

 6I - Oil supply under pressure by flexible hose from hydraulic motors.

 62 - Support for hooking to maintain the hydraulic lift of the tractor.

 Plate 8 / I9.

 77 - Hydraulic or electric motor axis 37.

 78 - Gear wheel or pulley.

 79 - Chain or belt.

 80 - Gear wheel or pulley on shaft 63-65-67-69

I37 - Hydraulic or electric motor axis 35.

I38 - Gear wheel or pulley

I39 - Chain or belt

I40 - Gear wheel or pulley on shaft 64-66-68-70

 8I - Hydraulic or electric power supply connected to a hydraulic or electric central operating by the mechanical PTO of the tractor or other known system. Motor supply.

 82 - Oil return from hydraulic or electric motors.

 83 - Supply of blocking cylinders 59 or electromagnet.

 84-85-86 Assembly bars of the perpendicular steel frame.

 Planks I4 / I9 I5 / I9 I6 / I9 section AA'I AA'2 AA'3.

Stop stop valve operating with II2 stops for adjustment automatic (tap by pressure) A / II3 by stopper II2 for a minimum of width B / III by stopper for an iraximum of width controlled by the control rods II2.

 Solid control rod placed on all hydraulic motors (II2).

 To obtain an intermediate adjustment distributors III and II3 can be moved on rail adjusted by a jack and at a distance from the driver's place to obtain all intermediate adjustments between the minimum and the maximum depending on the position of distributors III and II3 or other connected serial.

 Automation of the rotary hoeing machine operator's seat from one field to another from one crop to another sown in furrow with different spaces by a distributor or a multiple control switch.

Normally this rotary hoe is towed, carried or dragged by a tractor or any other motorized machine, it can also be dragged by animals (horses or others). To obtain a good functioning in this last case it is necessary to place an internal combustion engine equipped with a hydraulic or electric power on the machine which allows to obtain the same results.

 In general, short-cycle plants seem all indicated for the elimination of excess minerals in non-fixable form (certain domestic plants or weeds).

Obviously nature itself does what is necessary because the soil for its balance will regulate and select by itself the plants that will bring it the most regeneration.

 By cultivating the land in this way we eliminate weedkillers and synthetic fertilizers, in addition we eliminate most pesticides and achieve a healthy and economical crop which is very much sought after now to obtain runoff and groundwater less loaded with water. 'impurities and synthetic minerals and other poisons.

Claims

-REVENDICAT IONS - - I - Rotary weeder for cleaning crops in furrow carried or dragged by motorized or non-motorized vehicle of the type having movable and lockable rotary assemblies each with a hydraulic or electric motor I-2-3-4-5-6 -7-8 driving tool supports with vertical axes cooperating with lateral protectors for cultivated plants avoiding any deterioration thereof characterized in that the rotary assemblies are slidably mounted on beams with parallel slides placed on 2 lines behind each other the others for the smallest spaces and which can move by deviating from the beams I2-I3 I4-I5 staggered so as to clean larger spaces and in that at least one set torque is disposed on the front line the other on the rear line each being connected to drive means in opposite directions so as to bring the said assemblies from a position of minimum spacing to work where the two assemblies are one behind the other on a median line to a position of maximum spacing where the two rotors work two adjacent bands, a protector being arranged on one side of the front assembly and a protector on the opposite side of the rear assembly, the left side of the machine and the right side always moving in opposite directions. the assemblies are provided with nuts cooperating with threaded shafts such that on one side the front assemblies 4-5 are driven by the shafts 63-65 having threads (42) (43) of different pitches and diameters over their length, and the rear assemblies 7 and 8 are driven by threaded shafts (67) (69) comprising threads (42) (44) of different pitches and diameters, these assemblies are driven in the same direction by a hydraulic or electric motor ( 37) On the other side of the machine the rotary assemblies I-2-3 in front are driven by the shafts (64) (66) comprising on their length threads 4244 of different pitch and diameter. On the rear part the rotary assembly 6 is driven by shafts 68 - 70 comprising a thread (43) The said assemblies I-2-3 are driven by a hydraulic or electric motor 35 rotating opposite to the motor 37 and in that moreover the rotary assemblies (I) (2) are mounted movable with protectors (25) (26) (27) the assemblies (5) and (8) are mounted movable with protectors (32) (33) ( 34) the assembly 6 is mounted movable with protectors (28) (29) and the assembly (4) with protectors (30) and (3I) placed on either side so as to obtain a distance or a bringing together of said rotary assemblies, thus making it possible to automatically adjust the machine according to the space between the cultivated furrow plantations and to obtain always regular distances between the protectors of the cultivated plants between the spaces of the protective sheets (26) (27) - (28) (29) - (30) (3I) - (32) (33).  - 2 - Rotary weeder according to claim I characterized in that all the movable rotary elements are blocked automatically by means of hydraulic cylinders (59) or by electromagnets.  - 3 - Rotary weeder according to all of claims I and 2 characterized in that each movable rotary assembly is provided with a stop II2 making it possible to obtain an automatic control by relying on distributors or contactors III and II3 stopping the by-pass of motors 35 and 37 stopping the movement of mobile assemblies by stopping threaded shafts (63-65) (67-69) (64-65) and (68-70) to obtain the minima and maxima .  - 4 - Rotary weeder according to claim 3 characterized in that the distributors 111 and 113 are slidably mounted on slides animated by a jack allowing the intermediate adjustments between the minimum and maximum spaces.  - 5 - Rotary weeder according to all the preceding claims characterized in that the two protective sheets at each end (25 - 26) and (33-34) have a manual adjustment allowing to vary the size of the interval between them.  - 6 - Rotary weeder according to all of claims I to 5 characterized in that each set is equipped with a plate receiving tool holders 20 having the tools (88) of helical shape allowing the suction of the plant to uproot it and grinding it Each mobile assembly being fixed by nuts to a threaded rod to which it is integral. - 7 - Rotary weeder according to claim 6 characterized in that it is placed between the plate I9 and the tool holder 20 an oscillatory system 21 with a spring to change the diameter of rotation when the tool finds an obstacle. - 8 - Weeder according to claim I characterized in that the blocking is effected by cams 95 pivoting on an axis 94 Controlled by an operating arm 93, this assembly being placed on all the mobile assemblies, the operating arms of each element is com mandated by forks 98 fixed on a control bar 97 controlled by a jack 99 rotating an eccentric disc I02 integral with the bar 97 which has a thread I03 which, by pivoting advances and pushes the locking operating arms 23 blocking the cams on the chassis (replacing the hydraulic or electro-magnet cylinder 59.  - 9 - Weeder according to the preceding claims I to 8 characterized in that it can have a manual locking by pressure cams with eccentric for manual unitary collective control of each rotary assembly.