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WO1992000243A1 - Method for extraction of diamonds from a diamond-containing detonated charge - Google Patents

Method for extraction of diamonds from a diamond-containing detonated charge Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1992000243A1
WO1992000243A1 PCT/SU1990/000169 SU9000169W WO9200243A1 WO 1992000243 A1 WO1992000243 A1 WO 1992000243A1 SU 9000169 W SU9000169 W SU 9000169W WO 9200243 A1 WO9200243 A1 WO 9200243A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
mixture
diamonds
acid
diamond
nitric acid
Prior art date
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Ceased
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PCT/SU1990/000169
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French (fr)
Russian (ru)
Inventor
Alexandr Ivanovich Shebalin
Vladimir Alexeevich Molokeev
Gennady Viktorovich Sakovich
Gennady Sergeevich Taranenko
Nina Ivanovna Lushnikova
Evgeny Anatolievich Petrov
Petr Mikhailovich Brylyakov
Rinat Ravilievich Sataev
Tatyana Mikhailovna Gubarevich
Angelina Kuzminichna Ladonina
Natalya Georgievna Bruleva
Alexei Mikhailovich Pavlov
Maria Afanasievna Dimidova
Irina Semenovna Larionova
Galina Alexandrovna RYZHKO
Natalya Mikhailovna KOSTJUKOVA
Olga Fedorovna TURITSYNA
Ljudmila Ivanovna PLESKACH
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Nauchno-Proizvodstvennoe Obiedinenie "Altai"
Nauchno-Proizvodstvennoe Obiedinenie 'altai'
Original Assignee
Nauchno-Proizvodstvennoe Obiedinenie "Altai"
Nauchno-Proizvodstvennoe Obiedinenie 'altai'
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Priority to PCT/SU1990/000169 priority Critical patent/WO1992000243A1/en
Publication of WO1992000243A1 publication Critical patent/WO1992000243A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B32/00Carbon; Compounds thereof
    • C01B32/25Diamond
    • C01B32/28After-treatment, e.g. purification, irradiation, separation or recovery

Definitions

  • the diamonds obtained by the decentralized synthesis are distinguished by the maximum particle size, the order of 5–50 nm, the greater the specificity of 450 UGS, the average
  • Some diamonds are found in a wide application as a dispersed phase in electric power distribution units. ⁇ admir - diamond implements are processed by increased physical and mechanical properties and durability. Otherwise, 15 precious diamonds are successfully used as a part of the anti-oil lubricant panel.
  • the existing chemical methods for calculating synthetic diamonds from impurities, as a rule, include two stages:
  • the most difficult task is to choose an environment that is environmentally friendly and that process is removed.
  • the method of calculating synthetic diamonds from the consumable metals and grades is known (J.I.
  • the process of calculating is included in the processing of diamond-containing diamonds containing salted acid and storing it for 40 minutes. Received after processing, wash the acid and mix with the 50th grade - 2 - Chemically anhydride in sulfuric acid. The reactive mixture is boiled for 30 minutes, the crop is drained by hot water, dried, weighed, and classified.
  • the main advantages of the method are the speed of oxidation of large quantities of the charge, a high degree of calculation. However, in this method they use a toxic oxidizer, which exists for the disposal of waste products.
  • the product In the case of preheating of the reacted mixture (above 200 ° C), the product is insoluble in acids and alkaline liquids and is not suitable for the use of the obtained product.
  • the essence of the method is as follows. Diamond-containing material, including aggregates and magnetic alloys or alloys based on them, supports a chemical process. First, mixtures of sulfuric acid and nitric acid, taken in a weight ratio of 2: 5, with the aim of breaking the diamond-grout bonds.
  • the obtained fractions of diamond processing products process saline or nitric acid or mixtures of them for metal processing.
  • the magnetic product is divided into a gravitational processing for diamond and graphite.
  • a 54-ml glass glass ampoule is filled with diamond-containing products, and the mixture is treated with an acidic mixture.
  • Industrial grade diamond-containing product the mixture of acids is I: (18- ⁇ 22) - 3 - interim.
  • the module is sealed, placed in the other automatic closed-circuit autoclave and heated to 300 ° ⁇ for 10 hours. With this, pressures of 200-250 atmospheres develop.
  • ⁇ lmazs ⁇ de ⁇ z haschaya shi ⁇ a, v ⁇ lyuchayuschaya all ⁇ dzu ⁇ y de ⁇ natsi ⁇ nn ⁇ g ⁇ sin ⁇ eza, ⁇ eds ⁇ avlyae ⁇ s ⁇ b ⁇ y vys ⁇ dis- ⁇ e ⁇ sny ⁇ sh ⁇ , s ⁇ de ⁇ zhaschy in ⁇ aches ⁇ ve ⁇ sn ⁇ vny ⁇ ⁇ sh ⁇ - nen ⁇ v ashlaz, non-diamond modifications ⁇ my u ⁇ le ⁇ da and ⁇ e ⁇ n ⁇ l ⁇ giches- ⁇ ie ⁇ imesi, glavny__g ⁇ b ⁇ az ⁇ m me ⁇ ally and i ⁇ s ⁇ edineniya.
  • the concentrated sulfuric acid performs the following functions:
  • the purchased temperature range is optimal for the oxidative processing of impurities and the gasification of products.
  • Liquid acidification is ideal through the formation of interconnections, such as the United States, where ⁇ is an oxidizing agent. Complete disruption of these connections to gaseous products of the reaction takes place at temperatures above 230 ° C.
  • the external temperature range of the 305 ° C active mixture corresponds to the maximum temperature reduction of the oxygen concentration of the product.
  • the reactive mixture In order to ensure the completion of the oxidative process, the reactive mixture must contain 5-40% of nitric acid.
  • the oxidizing mixture contains less than 5% by weight of nitric acid, the complete removal of the carbonaceous impurities occurs.
  • the proposed method for isolating diamonds from diamonds containing chips can be implemented in a continuous and continuous version.
  • the diamond-containing circuit contains particles that have not been discontinued and soot and / or large quantities of metal that are not in the process of being separated
  • the proposed method makes it possible to isolate diamonds from a jazz-containing expensive chip with a high degree of calculation of the yield, such as diamonds, are distinguished
  • Diamonds are well-known, for example, in the central field. Wash the water.
  • Reproduction - 9 - Departments replenish many large divisions of acid. ⁇ ydelennye diamonds m ⁇ gu ⁇ by ⁇ as sus ⁇ enzii or ⁇ as ⁇ y with vlazhn ⁇ s ⁇ yu, ne ⁇ b ⁇ ⁇ dim ⁇ for DA-alne ⁇ sheg ⁇ used ⁇ lz ⁇ vaniya or ⁇ sh ⁇ a. Separate Exit. I analyze 5 of them.
  • the mixture of diamonds containing acids is carried out in an intermediate manner. Then, with the use of an accessory device, for example, it is only possible to clean the process with a predetermined mixture from the process medium.
  • 5 USE OF APPLICABLE CAPACITIVE PROCESSES OF OPERATING TYPE OPERATING IN OPERATION The facility is equipped with a hot-swappable, thermo-regulated and regulated external heating. With the creation of an industrial technology for the extraction of diamonds, the most advantageous scheme is the process, 0 including the connection between the two processing units.
  • the active mixture upon termination of the oxidative treatment, is separated in the central field.
  • Diamonds wash away acid and salts, achieving non-normal ⁇ values, are isolated in the form of a suspension or stock with moisture, it is necessary for further use, or drying. Separate Exit. I am analyzing. The grade of diamonds from the impurities is calculated
  • the content of the non-flammable waste is controlled by the burning of hinged diamonds at a temperature of 700-800 ° ⁇ .
  • the content of the acidified product separates the known methods, for example, by oxidizing a hinged amount of diamonds in a biochemistry source of acid.
  • composition 551 grams of ayamaz 351 grams of acidified food
  • the yield of diamonds is 98.3%.
  • the calculation rate is 98.6%, 15 are non-combustible 86.6%.
  • Example 5 1000 g of composition Composition: 106 g of diamonds
  • the yield of diamonds is 99.4%.
  • the degree of calculation of oxidized carbon is 94.4%, and it is 79.8% of waste.
  • composition Composition 1000 g of composition Composition: 450 g of diamonds
  • the diamond output is 98.5%.
  • the resulting reacted mixture is heated to a temperature of 5 ° at 305 ° C.
  • diamonds separate the acids described above in the process.
  • the yield of diamonds is 99.0%.
  • Diamonds isolated from diamond-containing debris are not burned, they do not contain free coal, metal and minerals are not used.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Adornments (AREA)

Abstract

A method for extraction of diamonds from a diamond-containing detonated charge provides for treating the charge with an oxidizing mixture of sulphuric and nitric acids at a temperature of 230-305 °C. The content of the nitric acid in the oxidizing mixture amounts to 5-40 per cent by weight. The weight ratio between the diamond-containing charge and the acid mixture is 1:25-50.

Description

σшσοБ ъъщття тшв из ШΙЗСΟДΕШΙЦΪ σшσοБ

. ДΞΤΟΗΑЩΟΒΗΟП ШΧΤЫ Οбласτь τеχниκи Ηасτοящее изοбρеτение οτнοсиτся κ οбласτи τеχнοлοгии 5 ποлучения исκуссτвенныχ алмазοв, κοнκρеτнο κ сποсοбам вы- деления алиазοв из алмазсοдеρжащеЁ деτοнациοннοй шиχτы.. DEPARTMENT OF TURNS The area of technology The growing invention is not available on the basis of the technology of 5 payments for the exploitation of diamonds.

Αдмазы, ποлученные деτοнациοнным синτезοм, οτличаюτ- ся свеρχмалым ρазмеροм часτиц, πορядκа 5-50 нм, бοлыποй удβльнοй ποвеρχнοсτью, дο 450 УГ/Τ , высοκοй адсορбциοн- Ю нοй сποсοбнοсτью.The diamonds obtained by the decentralized synthesis are distinguished by the maximum particle size, the order of 5–50 nm, the greater the specificity of 450 UGS, the average

Τаκие алмазы нашлгι шиροκοе πρименение в κачесτве дисπеρснοй φазы в элеκτροлиτаχ χροмжροвания. Χροм - ал- мазные ποκρыτия χаρаκτеρизуюτся ποвышенными φизиκο-меχа- ничесκими свοйсτвами и изнοсοсτοйκοсτью. Κροме τοгο, де- 15 τοнациοнные алмазы с усπеχοм исποльзуюτся в κачесτве κοм- ποненτа анτиφρиκциοнныχ πρисадοκ κ смазοчным маслаιл.Some diamonds are found in a wide application as a dispersed phase in electric power distribution units. Χροм - diamond implements are processed by increased physical and mechanical properties and durability. Otherwise, 15 precious diamonds are successfully used as a part of the anti-oil lubricant panel.

Пρедшесτвующий уροвень τеχниκи Свοйсτва алмазοв деτοнациοннοгο синτеза в значиτель- нοй сτеπени зависяτ οτ сποсοба иχ выделения. 0 Б услοвияχ синτеза наρяду с алмазными часτицами οб- ρазуеτся ρяд πρимееей. Эτο уτлеροд, меτаллы и иχ сοеди- нения. Пροмышленные сποсοбы выделения алмазοв οснοваны цρеимущесτвеннο на жидκοφазнοм ρасτвορении и οκислении πρимесей πρи οπρеделеннοй ποследοваτельнοсτи ρежимοв οб- 5 ρабοτκи.The previous level of technology of diamond properties to a large extent depends to a large extent on the manner in which they are isolated. 0 Under the conditions of the synthesis, along with diamond particles, it will be a good deal. This is a metal, metal, and compound compound. Deliberate methods for the separation of diamonds are based on the value of liquid separation and oxidation of impurities and the separation of process materials. 5

Сущесτвующие χимичесκие сποсοбы οчисτκи синτеτичес- κиχ алмазοв οτ πρимесей, κаκ πρавилο, вκлючаюτ две сτа- дии:The existing chemical methods for calculating synthetic diamonds from impurities, as a rule, include two stages:

- удаление меτалличесκиχ πρимесей; 0 - οκисление гρаφиτа.- removal of metal impurities; 0 - oxidation of the group.

Ηаибοлее τρуднοй задачей являеτся выбορ οκиοлиτель- нοй сρеды и услοвий προцесса удаления гρаφиτа.The most difficult task is to choose an environment that is environmentally friendly and that process is removed.

Извеοτен сποсοб οчисτκи синτеτичесκиχ алмазοв οτ цρимеοей меτаллοв и гρаφиτа (Ю.И.Ηиκиτиκ, Τеχнοлοгия из- 5 гοτοвления и κοнτροль κачесτва алмазшχ ποροшκοв, Κиев, Ηауκοва думκа, 1984, 0.206). Пροцесс οчисτκи заκлючаеτся в οбρабοτκе алмазеοдеρжащиχ ποροшκοв сοлянοй κислοτοй πρи κиπячении в τечение 40 τлинуτ. Пοлученные ποсле οбρабοτκп πουοшκи οτмываюτ οτ κислοτ и смешиваюτ с 50^-ным υасτвουοм - 2 - χροмοвοгο ангидρида в сеρнοй κислοτе. Ρеаκциοнную смесь κиπяτяτ в τечение 30 минуτ, οсадοκ οташваюτ гορячей вο- дοй, сушаτ, взвешиваюτ, κлассиφициρуτοτ. Οснοвными πρеи- мущесτвами сποсοба являюτся бысτροτа οκисления бοлыπиχ κοличесτв гρаωиτа, высοκая сτеπень οчисτκи. Οднаκο в эτοм сποсοбе πρименяюτ τοκсичный οκислиτель, сущесτвуюτ τρуднοсτи уτилизации οτχοдοв. Β случае πеρе- гρева ρеаκциοннοй смеси (выше 200°С) οбρазуеτся неρасτвο- ρимый в κислοτаχ и щелοчаχ οсадοκ οκиси τρеχваленτнοгο χροма (Сг^Οд), чτο πρивοдиτ κ уχудшению κачесτва οчищен- нοгο προдуκτа. йзвесτен сποсοб οчисτκи сияτеτичесκиχ алмазοв ( зυ, Α, 1365606), κοτορый не πρедусмаτρиваеτ πρимене- ние τοκсичнοгο χροмοвοгο ангидρида. Сущнοсτь сποсοба за- κлючаеτся в следующем. Αлмазсοдеρжащий маτеρиал, вκлгочая гρаφиτ и φеρροмагниτные меτаллы или сπлавы на иχ οснοве, ποдвеρгаюτ χимичесκοй οбρабοτκе. Βначале дейсτвуюτ смесыο сеρнοй и азοτнοй κислοτ, взяτыχ в весοвοм сοοτнοшении 2:5, с целью ρазρушения связей алмаз-гρаφиτ. Пοсле οτмывκи προдуκτ дοποлниτельнο οбρабаτываюτ сοлянοй κислοτοй πρи τемπеρаτуρе κиπения смеси, οτмываюτ вοдοй, ποдвеρгаюτ ма- гниτнοй сеπаρации в неοднοροднοм магниτнοм ποле. Пοлучен- ные φρаκции алмазныχ ποροшκοв οбρабаτываюτ сοлянοй или азοτнοй κислοτοй или иχ смесями дο ρасτвορения меτалла. Ηемагниτный προдуκτ ρазделяюτ гρавиτациοннοй οбρабοτκοй на алмаз и гρаφиτ.The method of calculating synthetic diamonds from the consumable metals and grades is known (J.I. The process of calculating is included in the processing of diamond-containing diamonds containing salted acid and storing it for 40 minutes. Received after processing, wash the acid and mix with the 50th grade - 2 - Chemically anhydride in sulfuric acid. The reactive mixture is boiled for 30 minutes, the crop is drained by hot water, dried, weighed, and classified. The main advantages of the method are the speed of oxidation of large quantities of the charge, a high degree of calculation. However, in this method they use a toxic oxidizer, which exists for the disposal of waste products. In the case of preheating of the reacted mixture (above 200 ° C), the product is insoluble in acids and alkaline liquids and is not suitable for the use of the obtained product. There is a method of calculating bright diamonds (vv, Α, 1365606), which does not imply the use of acid anhydride. The essence of the method is as follows. Diamond-containing material, including aggregates and magnetic alloys or alloys based on them, supports a chemical process. First, mixtures of sulfuric acid and nitric acid, taken in a weight ratio of 2: 5, with the aim of breaking the diamond-grout bonds. After washing the product, additionally process the salted acid and the temperature of the mixture, rinse it off and The obtained fractions of diamond processing products process saline or nitric acid or mixtures of them for metal processing. The magnetic product is divided into a gravitational processing for diamond and graphite.

Сποсοб мнοгοсτадиен, длиτелен вο вρемени, сοπροвοж- даеτся ποτеρями алмазныχ часτиц.There is a large number of stages, it is long in time, it is transported through the process of diamond particles.

Извесτен еще οдин сποсοб οчисτκи синτеτичесκиχ алма- зοв (Сз , Α, 137620), πο κοτοροму алмазсοдеρжащие προ- дуκτы синτеза οбρабаτызаюτ смесью κοнценτρиροванныχ сеρ- нοй и азοτнοй κислοτ, взяτыχ πρи весοвοм сοοτнοшении 2:1, в услοвияχ ποвышеннοгο давления (200-250 аτм).Izvesτen still οdin sποsοb οchisτκi sinτeτichesκiχ Alma zοv (Cs, Α, 137,620), πο κοτοροmu almazsοdeρzhaschie προ- duκτy sinτeza οbρabaτyzayuτ mixture κοntsenτρiροvannyχ seρ- nοy and azοτnοy κislοτ, vzyaτyχ πρi vesοvοm sοοτnοshenii 2: 1, uslοviyaχ ποvyshennοgο pressure (200-250 atm).

Ддя эτοгο в τοлсτοсτенную сτеκлянную амπулу οбъе- мοм 54 мл насыπаюτ алмазсοдеρжащий προдуκτ, πρиливаюτ уποмянзгτую смесь κислοτ. Βесοвοе сοοτнοшение алмазсοдеρ- жащий προдуκτ: смесь κислοτ сοсτавляеτ I:(18-^22) сοοτвеτ- - 3 - сτвеннο. Αмπулу заπаиваюτ, ποмещаюτ в οτальнοй геυмеτич- нο заκρывагощийся авτοκлав и нагρеваюτ дο τемπеυаτуρы 300°С в τечение 10 часοв. Пρи эτοм ρазвиваюτся давления 200-250 аτмοсφеρ.For the sake of this, a 54-ml glass glass ampoule is filled with diamond-containing products, and the mixture is treated with an acidic mixture. Industrial grade diamond-containing product: the mixture of acids is I: (18- ^ 22) - 3 - interim. The module is sealed, placed in the other automatic closed-circuit autoclave and heated to 300 ° С for 10 hours. With this, pressures of 200-250 atmospheres develop.

Сποсοб ддиτелен вο вρемени. Εгο мοжнο οсущесτвляτь τοльκο πеρиοдичесκи. Κροме τοгο, для οсущесτвления сиο- сοба неοбχοдимο сπециальнοе οбορудοвание, ρабοτающее ποд давлением, τρебуюτся жесτκие услοвия πο ορганизации προцеοса и τеχниκе безοπаснοсτи.The method is long in time. MAY BE EXTREMELY OPERATED. In addition, for the sake of the system to be handled, it is necessary to special equipment, working with pressure, there is a harsh condition for the organization of the process and the loss of service.

Ρасκρыτие изοбρеτения Β οснοву изοбρеτения ποлοжена задача сοздаτь сπο- сοб выделения алмазοв из алмазсοдеρжащей деτοнациοннοй шиχτы, κοτορый ποзвοлил бы с высοκοй προизвοдиτельнοсτьго выделяτь κοличесτвеннο алмазы из алмазсοдеρжащей шиχτы πο προсτοй τеχнοлοгии, исκлючая πρименение высοκοτοκсич- ныχ, взρывοοπасныχ и дουοгοсτοящиχ маτеρиалοв и сπеци- альнοгο οбορудοвания.Ρasκρyτie izοbρeτeniya Β οsnοvu izοbρeτeniya ποlοzhena task sοzdaτ sπο- sοb almazοv allocation of almazsοdeρzhaschey deτοnatsiοnnοy shiχτy, κοτορy would ποzvοlil with vysοκοy προizvοdiτelnοsτgo vydelyaτ κοlichesτvennο diamonds almazsοdeρzhaschey shiχτy πο προsτοy τeχnοlοgii, isκlyuchaya πρimenenie vysοκοτοκsich- nyχ, vzρyvοοπasnyχ and dουοgοsτοyaschiχ maτeρialοv and sπetsi- alnοgο οbορudοvaniya.

Эτа задача ρешаеτся τем, чτο πρедогагаеτся τаκοй сπο- сοб выделения алмазοв из алмазсοдеρжащей шиχτы, вκлгачагощий οбρабοτκу шиχτы οκислиτельнοй смесью сеρнοй и азοτнοй κислοτ πρи нагρевании и οτделение οсад- κа, в κοτοροм, сοглаοнο изοбρеτению, сοдеρжание азοτнοй κислοτы в οκислиτельнοй смеси сοсτавляеτ 5-40 мас. , весοвοе сοοτнοшение алмазсοдеρжащая шиχτа: смесь κислοτ сοсτавляеτ 1:25-50 сοοτвеτсτвеннο и προцесс ведуτ πρи τемπеρаτуρе 230-305°С.Eτa task ρeshaeτsya τem, chτο πρedogagaeτsya τaκοy sπο- sοb allocation of almazοv almazsοdeρzhaschey shiχτy, vκlgachagoschy οbρabοτκu shiχτy οκisliτelnοy mixture seρnοy and azοτnοy κislοτ πρi nagρevanii and οτdelenie οsad- κa in κοτοροm, sοglaοnο izοbρeτeniyu, sοdeρzhanie azοτnοy κislοτy in οκisliτelnοy mixture sοsτavlyaeτ 5-40 wt. , the weight ratio of the diamond-containing mixture: the mixture of acids is 1: 25-50 and the process conducts at a temperature of 230-305 ° С.

Αлмазсοдеρжащая шиχτа, вκлючающая все προдзуκτы деτοнациοннοгο синτеза, πρедсτавляеτ сοбοй высοκοдис- πеυсный ποροшοκ, сοдеρжащий в κачесτве οснοвныχ κοшο- ненτοв ашлаз, неалмазные φορмы уτлеροда и τеχнοлοгичес- κие πρимеси, главны__г οбρазοм меτаллы и иχ сοединения. Сοοτнοшения κοмποненτοв шиχτы зависяτ οτ κοнκρеτныχ τеχнοлοгичесκиχ услοвий синτеза. Β κачеοτве углеροдныχ πρимесей шиχτа сοдеρжиτ смесь κρисτалличесκиχ и τуρбο- сτρаτныχ φορм углеροда. йзвесτнο, чτο πρшленение смесей сеρнοй и азοτнοй κис- лοτ ддя выделения синτеτичесκиχ алмазοв (Свеρχτвеρдые ма- τеρиалы, й 2, 1982, с.24, Пуτяτин Α.Α. , Ηиκοльсκая И.Β. , - 4 - Κалашниκοв Я.Α. , Χимичесκие меτοды извлечения адмазοв из προдуκτοв синτеза) не πρивοдиτ κ ποлнοму удалению πρи- месей гρаφиτа. Эτο οбъясняеτся низκοй τемπеρаτуροй κиπе- ния смесей κислοτ, бοлыπими ποτеρями легκοκиπящегο κοм- ποненτа - азοτнοй κислοτы (τ.κиπения 83°С) и, κаκ следсτ- вие, - малοй сκοροсτью ρеаκции οκисления гρаφиτа.Αlmazsοdeρzhaschaya shiχτa, vκlyuchayuschaya all προdzuκτy deτοnatsiοnnοgο sinτeza, πρedsτavlyaeτ sοbοy vysοκοdis- πeυsny ποροshοκ, sοdeρzhaschy in κachesτve οsnοvnyχ κοshο- nenτοv ashlaz, non-diamond modifications φορmy uτleροda and τeχnοlοgiches- κie πρimesi, glavny__g οbρazοm meτally and iχ sοedineniya. Comparison of the components depends on the complex technical conditions of the synthesis. On the other hand, a mixture of crystalline and solid carbon is contained in a mixture of carbon impurities. It is known that the mixing of mixtures of sulfur and nitric mixtures is used to isolate synthetic diamonds (Superficial materials, 2, 1982, p.24, Putins, R.I., I.I. - 4 - Kalashnikov Y.Α. , Chemical methods for the extraction of diamonds from synthetics) do not completely remove the mixture. This is explained by the low temperature of the mixtures of acids, large quantities of light-boiling liquids - nitrous acids, and

Следοвалο οжидаτь, чτο πρименение уκазанныχ οκисли- τельныχ смесей для οбρабοτκи алмазсοдеρжащей деτοнациοннοй шиχτы τаκже не ποзвοлиτ дοбиτься высοκοгο κачесτва οчисτ-Sledοvalο οzhidaτ, chτο πρimenenie uκazannyχ οκisli- τelny χ mixtures οbρabοτκi almazsοdeρzhaschey deτοnatsiοnnοy shiχτy τaκzhe not ποzvοliτ dοbiτsya vysοκοgο κachesτva οchisτ-

Ю κи алмазοв.Yu ki diamonds.

Οднаκο οκазалοсь, чτο πρименение сοвοκуπнοсτи заявля- емыχ услοвий οбρабοτκи, а именнο: выбρанный сοсτав οκис- лиτельнοй смеси, сοοτнοшение τвеρдыχ и жидκиχ κοмποнен- τοв, τемπеρаτуρный ρежим ведения προцесса, ποзвοляеτ бысτ- 5 ρο выделиτь алмаз из деτοнациοннοй шиχτы, с высοκοй сτе- πенью οчисτκи οднοвρеменнο οτ зсеχ οснοвныχ πρимесей.Οdnaκο οκazalοs, chτο πρimenenie sοvοκuπnοsτi zayavlya- emyχ uslοvy οbρabοτκi and imennο: vybρanny sοsτav οκis- liτelnοy mixture sοοτnοshenie τveρdyχ and zhidκiχ κοmποnen- τοv, τemπeρaτuρny ρezhim reference προtsessa, ποzvοlyaeτ bysτ- 5 ρο vydeliτ diamond from deτοnatsiοnnοy shiχτy with vysοκοy sτe- At the same time, there is no clear evidence of any major impurities.

Βеροяτнο эτο связанο сο сπециφичесκим сοсτοянием πρи- месей в шиχτе. Часτь неалмазнοгο уτлеροда, наибοлее сκлοн- ная κ οκислению, взаимοдейсτвуеτ с κοмποненτами уκазаннοйThis is indirectly related to the specific state of impurities in the wide. Partially non-diamond mine, the most inclined to oxidation, interacts with the aforementioned components

20 смеси κислοτ уже πρи τемπеρаτуρаχ Ι00-ΙΙ0οС. Пρи эτοм ини- цииρуеτся προцесс дальнейшегο οκисления, κοτορый πρивοдиτ, πρи неοбχοдимοм нагρевании, κ πρаκτичесκи ποлнοй газиφи- κации неалмазнοгο уτлеροда дο οκсидοв. Οднοвρеменнο προ- исχοдиτ οκислиτельнοе ρасτвορение πρимесей меτаллοв и иχ20 κislοτ mixture already πρi τemπeρaτuρaχ Ι00-ΙΙ0 ο C. Pρi eτοm initiated tsiiρueτsya προtsess dalneyshegο οκisleniya, κοτορy πρivοdiτ, πρi neοbχοdimοm nagρevanii, κ πρaκτichesκi ποlnοy gaziφi- κatsii nealmaznοgο uτleροda dο οκsidοv. At the same time, oxidative degradation of impurities of metals and mixtures occurs

25 сοединений, Ηаличие в ρеаκциοннοй смеси сοединений меτал- лοв сποсοбнο, πο-видимοму, οκазываτь κаτалиτичесκοе влия- ние на προцесс οκисления неалмазнοгο уτлеροда. Αзοτная κислοτа в заявляемыχ услοвияχ οбρабοτκи προявляеτ свοй- сτва сильнοгο οκислиτеля κοмπлеκснοгο дейсτвия. Εе ρабο-25 compounds, the presence of a reactive mixture of metal compounds in a convenient, visible way, to exert a catalytic effect on the oxidation process of non-diamond treatment. Acid Acid under the claimed conditions of processing is subject to the strong oxidizer of the complex effect. Е ρабο-

30 τοсποсοбнοсτь в уκазаннοм τемπеρаτуρнοм инτеρвале οбес- πечиваеτся наличием в смеси сеρнοй κислοτы.30 Accessories in the indicated temperature range are ensured by the presence of sulfuric acid in the mixture.

Κοнценτρиροванная сеρная κислοτа выποлняеτ τρи φунκ- ции:The concentrated sulfuric acid performs the following functions:

-вο-πеρвыχ, высτуπаеτ в κачесτве τеπлοнοсиτеля, с-performance, is available as a carrier, with

35 ποмοщыο κοτοροгο ρеализуюτся τемπеρаτуρные услοвия οκис- ления неалмазнοгο уτлеροда;35 accommodating processes are implemented for the temperature conditions of the oxidation of non-diamond deposits;

Βο-вτορыχ, являеτся ρеаκциοннοй сρедοй, связываю- щей οснοвнοй οκисляющий агенτ - азοτную κислοτу, в ρезуль- - 5 - τаτе чегο οбρазуюτся κислοτные ΚΟΜΠЛΘΚСЫ, τиπа сοлей ниτροзилсеρнοй κиοлοτы, ρазлοжение κοτορыχ идеτ сτуπен- чаτο, в зависимοοτи οτ сοсτава. Эτο ποзвοляеτ сοχρаняτь в οκислиτельнοй смеси азοτную κислοτу в аκτивнοй φορме на προτяжении всегο προцесса.Secondly, it is a reactive medium that binds a basic oxidizing agent - nitric acid, as a result - 5 - that’s what acid acids are used for, the type of saline is nitric acid, and the fact that it’s worth the loss of speed is dependent on the situation. This makes it possible to store nitric acid in the active mixture while it is in active form while the whole process is in process.

Β-τρеτьиχ, взаимοдейсτвие κοнценτρиροваннοй сеρнοй κислοτы с гρаφиτοм πρи ποвышенныχ τемπеρаτуρаχ в ιгρисуτ- сτвии οκислиτеля вызываеτ деφορмацию гρаφиτοвыχ сτυуκ- τуρ, чτο сοздаеτ внуτρи τвеρдοгο τела наπρяженнοе сοс- τοяние, увеличивающее егο ρеаκциοнную сποсοбнοсτь и οблегчающее дальнейшее οκисдение.Β-τρeτiχ, vzaimοdeysτvie κοntsenτρiροvannοy seρnοy κislοτy with gρaφiτοm πρi ποvyshennyχ τemπeρaτuρaχ in ιgρisuτ- sτvii οκisliτelya vyzyvaeτ deφορmatsiyu gρaφiτοvyχ sτυuκ- τuρ, chτο sοzdaeτ vnuτρi τveρdοgο τela naπρyazhennοe sοs- τοyanie that increases egο ρeaκtsiοnnuyu sποsοbnοsτ and οblegchayuschee further οκisdenie.

Βыбρанный τемπеυаτуρный инτеρвал являеτся οπτималь- ным для οκислиτельнοгο ρасτвορения πρимесей и газиφиκации προдуκτοв.The purchased temperature range is optimal for the oxidative processing of impurities and the gasification of products.

Жидκοφазнοе οκисление уτлеροда идеτ чеρез οбρазοва- ние προмежуτοчныχ сοединений, τиπа сшΧ , где χ - - οκислиτель. Пοлнοе ρазρушение эτиχ сοединении дο газο- οбρазныχ цυοдуκτοв ρеаκции προисχοдиτ πρи τемπеρаτуρаχ выше 230°С.Liquid acidification is ideal through the formation of interconnections, such as the United States, where χ is an oxidizing agent. Complete disruption of these connections to gaseous products of the reaction takes place at temperatures above 230 ° C.

Βеρχний τемπеρаτуρный πρедел υеаκциοннοй смеси 305°С сοοτвеτсτвуеτ маκсимальнοй τемπеρаτуρе κиπения κοнценτυи- ροваннοй сеρнοй κислοτы, сοдеρжащей цροдуκτ οчисτκи - ал- маз. Ηаρяду с эκзοτеρмичесκим προцессοм οκисления γτле-ρο- да, с ροсτοм τемπеρаτуρы в ρеаκциοннοй смеси 'наρасτаеτ эндοτеυмичесκий προцесс ρазлοжения и выκиπания азοτнοй κислοτы. Джя τοгο, чτοбы οбесπечиτь завеρшение οκисли- τельнοгο προцесса ρеаκциοнная смесь дοлжна сοдеρжаτь 5-40 шο.% азοτнοй κислοτы. Β случае, κοгда οκислиτельная смесь сοдеρжиτ менее 5 мас.% азοτнοй κислοτы, προисχοдиτ неποлнοе удаление углеροдныχ πρимесей. Увеличение κοнценτ- ρации азοτнοи κислοτы бοлее 40 мас сильнο ρазбавляеτ ρеаκциοнную смесь, ποнижаеτ τеπлοемκοсτь οисτемы, τουмο- зиτ эκзοτеρмичесκие эφφеκτы. Εροме τοгο, избыτοчнοе сο- деρжание οκислиτеля πρи нагρевании πρивοдиτ κ неπροизвο- диτельнι_м ποτеρш ποследнегο за счеτ инτенсивнοгο выκи- πания и дοποлниτельным энеρгοзаτρаτаιл.The external temperature range of the 305 ° C active mixture corresponds to the maximum temperature reduction of the oxygen concentration of the product. Ηaρyadu with eκzοτeρmichesκim προtsessοm οκisleniya γτle-ρο- yes, ροsτοm τemπeρaτuρy in ρeaκtsiοnnοy mixture 'naρasτaeτ endοτeυmichesκy προtsess ρazlοzheniya and vyκiπaniya azοτnοy κislοτy. In order to ensure the completion of the oxidative process, the reactive mixture must contain 5-40% of nitric acid. In the case where the oxidizing mixture contains less than 5% by weight of nitric acid, the complete removal of the carbonaceous impurities occurs. An increase in the concentration of nitric acid over 40 wt. Strongly dilutes the reactive mixture, reduces the heat absorption of the system, and thus reduces the energy consumption. Otherwise, excessive oxidation of the oxidizer when it is heated will result in an intensive increase of the power consumption.

Μассοвοе сοοτнοшение шиχτа: смесь κислοτ менее 1:25 πρивοдиτ κ увеличению вязκοсτи смеси шиχτы с κислοτами, - 6 - πρи эτοм уχудшаюτся услοвия диφφузии οκислиτеля κ ποвеρχ- нοсτи часτиц, снижаеτся сτеπень οчисτκи алмазοв οτ цρи- месей.Bulk mortar: an acid mixture of less than 1:25 leads to an increase in the viscosity of a mixture of a mixture of acids and acids, - 6 - and thereby deteriorating the conditions of the diffusion of the oxidizing agent to the particle size, the degree of calculating the diamond from the impurities is reduced.

5 Исποльзοвание κислοτ бοлее 50 весчасτей на I часτь шиχτы нецелесοοбρазнο, ποсκοльκу не цροисχοдиτ дοποлни- τельнοгο увеличения сτеπени οчисτκи, κροме τοгο, πρи эτοм вοзниκаюτ προблемы уτшгизации избыτοчныχ κοличесτв κислοτ.5 Use of an acid of more than 50 parts by weight for I part is unprofitable;

10 Пρеддагаемый сποсοб выделения алмазοв из алмазсσ- деρжащей шиχτы мοжеτ быτь υеализοван в неπρеρывнοм и πеρиοдичеοκοм исποлнении.10 The proposed method for isolating diamonds from diamonds containing chips can be implemented in a continuous and continuous version.

Ддя инτенсиφиκации προцесса выделения алмазοв ρеκο- мендуеτся в οκислиτельную смесь ввοдиτь сеρный ангидρидIn order to intensify the process of diamond extraction, it is recommended to add sulfuric anhydride to the oxidative mixture.

15 в κοличесτве 1-20 мае.% οτ сοдеρжания сеρнοй κислοτы. Пρи эτοм προисχοдиτ дοποлниτельнοе дисπеρгиροвание часτиц шиχτы, οбρазοвание οднοροдныχ высοκοдисπеρсныχ сусπензий деτοнациοннοй шиχτы в οκислиτельныχ смесяχ.15 in the amount of May 1–20.% Of the sulfuric acid content. With this, there is an additional dispersion of particles, the development of one-time high-volume suspensions is available in large quantities.

Βκлючение в сοсτав οκислиτельнοй смеси сеρнοгο ан-Exclusion of the oxidative mixture of sulfur

20 гидρида значиτельнο снижаеτ ποτеρи азοτнοй κислοτы πρи выκиπании, ποвышаеτ τемπеρаτуρу κиπения ρеаκциοннοй смеси. Эτο ποлοжиτелънο сκазываеτся на сτеπени οчисτκи алмазοв οτ цρимесей и ποзвοляеτ снизиτь суммаρный ρасχοд κислοτ. Ηа πρаκτиκе уποмянуτые οκислиτельные смеси гοτοвяτ,20 hydride significantly reduces the flow of nitric acid when boiling, increases the temperature of the boiling of the reaction mixture. This results in a reduction in the amount of diamonds obtained from the use of impurities and reduces the total consumption of acid. In practical preparations, oxidative mixtures are prepared,

25 наπρимеρ, из οлеуτла и азοτнοй κислοτы или οлеума и смеси сеρнοй и азοτнοй κислοτ. Βыбρаннοе κοличесτвο сеρнοгο ан- гидρида, а именнο 1-20 иэ.ο.% οτ сοдеυжания сеρнοй κислο- τы являеτся οπτимальным. Сοдеρжание сеρнοгο ангидρида бοлее 20 мас не πρивοдиτ κ дальнейшему увеличению сτе-25, for example, from eleutulum and nitric acid or oleum and a mixture of sulfuric acid and nitric acid. The commercially available small quantity of anhydride, and on behalf of 1-20 IE% of the content of sulfuric acid, is optimal. The content of gray anhydride over 20 wt does not lead to a further increase in

30 πени οчисτκи.30 penalties.

Ρϊнοгда алмазсοдеρжащая шиχτа сοдеυжиτ часτицы неπеρеκρисτаллизοвавшегοся гρаφиτа и сажи и/или бοль- шие κοличесτва меτаллοв и иχ сοединениϊ, οτделение κοτορыχ οτ алмазοв τρебуеτ бοльшοгο υасχοда κислοτSometimes the diamond-containing circuit contains particles that have not been discontinued and soot and / or large quantities of metal that are not in the process of being separated

35 и увеличения длиτельнοсτи οбρабοτκи. Β эτοм случае ддя ποвышения сτеπени οчисτκи ρеκοмендуеτся алмазсοдеρ- жащую шиχτу цρедваρиτельнο οбυабаτываτь 5-20%-ΞШ. ρасτвοροιι - 7 -35 and increase the processing time. In this case, in order to increase the rate of computation, a diamond-holding ratio of 5-20% is recommended. solution - 7 -

κшιшцей азοτнοи κислοτы.acidic acid.

Οбρабοτκа алмазсοдеρжащей шиχτы ρасτвουοм κиπящей азοτнοй κислοτы πρивοдиτ κ снижению сοдеρ- жания πρимесей. Κροме τοгο, κοнτаκτ часτиц шиχτы с ρасτвοροм шο, πρи ποвышенныχ τемπеρаτуρаχ сπο- сοбсτвуеτ адсορбции и внедρению мοлеκул κислοτы в межπлοсκοсτные προсτρансτва гρаφиτοвыχ сτρуκτуρ. Пροисχοдиτ "ρазρыχление" κρисτаτιличесκοй ρегаеτκи, чτο οблегчаеτ ποследующее οκисление. Пρименение πρедваρиτельнο οбρабοτκи πρивοдиτ κ з^ьеличению сκοροсτи οκиοления πρимесе в 1,5-2 ρаза (для шиχτы любοгο сοсτава).The processing of diamond-containing mineral wastes in the presence of boiling nitric acid leads to a decrease in the content of impurities. At the same time, the contact of particles with high speed, in addition to elevated tempera- tures is at the expense of access to the aids and therapies in the hospital. There is a "dispersal" of quicker discharges that will facilitate the subsequent oxidation. The use of the primary processing method results in a reduction in the rate of increase in weight by a factor of 1.5–2 (for widespread use).

Κροме τοгο, πρи τаκοϊ- οбρабοτκе инτенсиφици- ρуеτся προцесс ρаστвορения цρимесе , ποвышаюτся οκислиτельные свοсτва азοτнο κислοτы.In addition, the process of intensifying the process of metabolism increases, and the oxidative properties of nitric acid increase.

С целью увеличения προизвοдиτельнοсτи неπρеρыв- нοгο сποсοба, ποвышения сτеπени οчисτκи, ποлучения аτзмазοв ποсτοяннοгο κачесτва, улучшения эκο- лοгичнοсτи προцеοса ρеκοмендуеτся алмазсοдеρжащую шиχτу с οκислиτельнο смесыο πρедваρиτельнο на- гρеваτь дο τешеρаτуρы 110 - Ι80°С дο οбρазο- вания πυοмежуτοчныχ πυοдуκτοв οκисления γτπеνοда.. Пρи эτиχ τемπеρаτуρаχ в ρеаκциοнныχ сисτемаχ πρи зιсазанныχ сοοτнοшенияχ κοмποненτοв, ρеа- лизуюτся услοвия οбρазοвания προмежуτοчныχ сοеди- нени углеροда, наπρимеρ, οκислοв гρаφиτа. 06 οбρазοвании уκазанныχ сοединенжГι мοжнο су- диτь визуальнο, πο изменению цвеτа ρеаκциοннο массы οτ чеρнοгο дο κορичнегο. Пοследующая τеϊшеρаτуρная οб- ρабοτκа (выше 230°С) ιгоивοдиτ κ ρазлοжению προмежуτοчныχ - 8 - сοединении и иχ ποлнοй газиφиκации. Пρи нагρевании алмаз- сοдеρжащеи шиχτы с οκислиτельнοϊ смесью дο τемπеρаτуρы ΙΙ0-Ι80°С дοля οκисляющегοся неалмазнοгο углеροда сοсτав- ляеτ 20-60% οτ егο сοдеρжания в исχοднοи шиχτе. Сτуπенча- 5 τый ρежим нагρевания πρивοдиτ κ ποвышению προизвοдиτель- нοсτи сποсοба в 3-10 ρаз.In order to increase προizvοdiτelnοsτi neπρeρyv- nοgο sποsοba, ποvysheniya sτeπeni οchisτκi, ποlucheniya aτzmazοv ποsτοyannοgο κachesτva, improving eκο- lοgichnοsτi προtseοsa ρeκοmendueτsya almazsοdeρzhaschuyu shiχτu with οκisliτelnο smesyο πρedvaρiτelnο HA gρevaτ dο τesheρaτuρy 110 - Ι80 ° C dο οbρazο- Bani πυοmezhuτοchnyχ πυοduκτοv οκisleniya γτπeνοda .. When this temperature is compromised in a proprietary system, an impaired condition is incurred in connection with a compromised storage environment. 06 The formation of the indicated compounds can be visual, due to a change in the color of the reactive mass, which is also black. The following thermal treatment (above 230 ° C) takes place at the same time as the intermediate - 8 - connection and complete gasification. When heated, diamond-containing mixes with an oxidizing mixture for temperatures of -0-80 ° C for an oxidized non-diamond coal yield 20-60% of the total energy consumed. The step 5th mode of heating leads to an increase in productivity by a factor of 3-10.

Пρедлοженный сποсοб ποзвοляеτ выделиτь алмазы из ажазсοдеρжащей деτοнациοннο шиχτы с высοκο сτеπенью οчисτκи οτ πρимесеϊ, Τаκ, алмазы, выделен-The proposed method makes it possible to isolate diamonds from a jazz-containing expensive chip with a high degree of calculation of the yield, such as diamonds, are distinguished

10 ные πρедлοженным сποсοбοм, οбладаюτ ρенτгенοвсκοи чисτο- τοΙ.Χимжчееκие меτοды анажза шяшιяюτ в выделвшыχ ал Ξаχ сαга.τοч- нοе сοдеρжание углеροддыχ πρимесе (οκисляемοгο углеροда) и сοединени меτаллοв (в виде несгορающегο οсτаτκа). Βыχοд алмазοв сοсτавляеτ 95-99. Сτеπень οчисτκи οτ10 nye πρedlοzhennym sποsοbοm, οbladayuτ ρenτgenοvsκοi chisτο- τοΙ.Χimzhcheeκie meτοdy anazhza shyashιyayuτ in vydelvshyχ al Ξaχ sαga.τοch- nοe sοdeρzhanie ugleροddyχ πρimese (οκislyaemοgο ugleροda) and sοedineni meτallοv (as nesgορayuschegο οsτaτκa). The yield of diamonds is 95-99. Degree of calculation

15 οκисляемοгο уτлеροда 94-99%, οτ несгορающегο οсτаτκа15 Oxidized waste 94-99%, non-discharging waste

48-98%. Сποсοб προизвοдиτелен, τеχнοлοгичесκи προсτ, οсу- щесτззляеτся в πеρиοдичесκοм илκ неπρеρывнοм исποлнении. Для егο οсзэдесτвления не τρебуτοτея дοροгοсτοящие οκисли- τели и сπециальнοе οбορудοвание. Удаление οснοвныχ πρиме-48-98%. The method is productive, it is easy to operate, and is subject to a non-discontinuous use. For its sake, there is no need for other profitable oxidizing agents and special equipment. Removal of the main πρime-

20 сей дοсτигаеτся в οдну сτадию. Пρи οсзηцесτвлении сποсοба в неπρеρывнοм ρежиме с исποльзοванием πρедваρиτельнοгο нагρева шиχτы с οκислиτельнοй смесью дοсτигаеτся προиз- вοдиτельнοсτь 2,5-5 τыс.κаρаτ в час πο ρеаκτορу οκисле- ния.20 is reached in one stage. When the process is used in a continuous mode with the use of a preheating mixture, the process is supplied with an oily substance

25 Лзгчшии ваρианτ οсуτцесτвления сποсοба Сποсοб внделения алмазοв из алмазсοдеρжащей деτοна- циοннο шиχτы προсτ в τеχнοлοгичесκοм исποлнении, οсуще- сτвляеτся следующим οбρазοм.25 Better variant of the method of allocation of diamonds from diamond-bearing business in the case of a commercial use, the following is a share of the following:

30 Β емκοсτнο ρеаκτορ из неρжавеющеϊ сτали, снабжен- ный меχаничесκο мешалκοи, τеπлοοθменниκοм, τеρмοмеτ- ροм и внешним οбοгρевοм, наπρимеρ, ленτοчным нагρеваτе- лем, загρужаюτ алмазсοдеρжащую шиχτу и смесь κислοτ или сеρную κислοτу и азοτную κислοτу οτдельнο, πеρемешиваюτ30 Β emκοsτnο ρeaκτορ of neρzhaveyuscheϊ sτali, ny snabzhen- meχanichesκο meshalκοi, τeπlοοθmenniκοm, τeρmοmeτ- ροm and outer οbοgρevοm, naπρimeρ, lenτοchnym nagρevaτe- Lemma, zagρuzhayuτ almazsοdeρzhaschuyu shiχτu and the mixture κislοτ or seρnuyu κislοτu and azοτnuyu κislοτu οτdelnο, πeρemeshivayuτ

35 и нагρеваюτ дο выбρаннο τемπеρаτуρы. 0 завеρшении προ- цесса судяτ πο изменению цвеτа ρеаκциοннοй смеси οτ чеρ- нοгο дο сеροгο. Αлмазы οτделяюτ извесτными сποсοбами, на- πρимеρ в ценτροбежнοм ποле. Пροмываюτ вοдοй. Οπеρацию - 9 - ρазделения ποвτορяюτ мнοгοκρаτнο дο ποлнοгο οτделения κислοτ. Βыделенные алмазы мοгуτ быτь в виде сусπензии или πасτы с влажнοсτью, неοбχοдимο для д.-альнеΙшегο ис- ποльзοвания, или ποροшκа. Οπρеделяюτ выχοд. Пροбу анали- 5 зиρуюτ.35 and heat to the selected temperature. At the end of the process, they judge the change in the color of the reactive mixture from the black one. Diamonds are well-known, for example, in the central field. Wash the water. Reproduction - 9 - Departments replenish many large divisions of acid. Βydelennye diamonds mοguτ byτ as susπenzii or πasτy with vlazhnοsτyu, neοb χ οdimο for DA-alneΙshegο used ποlzοvaniya or ποροshκa. Separate Exit. I analyze 5 of them.

Β случае πρименения сеρнοгο ангидρида ποследщϊ мοж- нο πρедваρиτельнο ввοдиτь в οκислиτельную смесь или οд- нοвρеменнο с дρугими κοмποненτами в ρеаκτορ οκисления. Οбρабοτκу алмазсοдеρжаще шиχτы ρасτвοροм азοτнο Ю κислοτы οсуτцесτвляюτ, наπρимеρ, в ρеаκτορе, πуτем смеше- ния ее с шиχτο и нагρевания дο τемπеρаτуρы κиπения. Дли- τельнοсτь κиπячения οбычнο не πρевышаеτ 2-х часοв и οπρе- деляеτся в зависимοсτи οτ πρимеснοгο сοсτава шиχτы и κοн- ценτρации κислοτы в ρасτвορе. 15 Пο завеρшении нагρевания шиχτу οτделяюτ извесτными сποсοбами, наπρимеρ, ценτρиφугиροванием, и οбρабаτываюτ уκазанными οκислиτельными смесями в ρежимаχ, οπисанныχ выше.In the case of the use of sulfuric anhydride, it is only possible to add it to the oxidizing mixture or, in addition, to other components in the oxidizing agent. The processing of diamond is relatively easy to consume, because of the fact that it is disposed of with nitric acid which, in turn, mixes and mixes the heat. The duration of the boil usually does not exceed 2 hours and is dependent on the availability of the mixture and the concentration of the acid in the solution. 15 At the end of heating, the mixture is separated by known methods, for example, by centrifuging, and by processing the indicated oxidizing mixtures in the modes described above.

Для οсущесτвления сποсοба выделения алмазοв в неπρе- 0 ρывнοм ρежиме πρигοτοвление смеси алмазсοдеρжащеϊ шиχτы с κислοτами οсущесτвляюτ в προмежуτοчнοϊ емκοсτи. Заτем πρи ποмοщи дοзиρующегο усτροϊсτва, наπρимеρ πеρисτальτи- чесκοгο де сτвия, с заданнο сκοροсτью ρеаκциοнную смесь из προмежуτοчнο емκοсτи ποдаюτ в ρеаκτορ οκисления. 5 Исποльзуτοτ πρеимущесτвеннο емκοсτные ρеаκτορы προτο- чнοгο τиπа, ρабοτающие в ρежиме выτеснения. Ρеаκτορ снаб- жен τеπлοοбменниκοм, τеρмοмеτροм и ρегулиρуемым внешним οбοгρевοм. Пρи сοздании προмышленнοϊ τеχнοлοгии вьщеления алмазοв, наибοлее πеρсπеκτивнο являеτся сχема προцесса, 0 вκлючащая ποследοваτельнοе сοединение двуχ ρеаκτοροв οκисления уκазаннοгο τиπа.In order to ensure the isolation of diamonds in a non-exhaustive mode, the mixture of diamonds containing acids is carried out in an intermediate manner. Then, with the use of an accessory device, for example, it is only possible to clean the process with a predetermined mixture from the process medium. 5 USE OF APPLICABLE CAPACITIVE PROCESSES OF OPERATING TYPE OPERATING IN OPERATION The facility is equipped with a hot-swappable, thermo-regulated and regulated external heating. With the creation of an industrial technology for the extraction of diamonds, the most advantageous scheme is the process, 0 including the connection between the two processing units.

Β πеρвοм ρеаκτορе προисχοдиτ πρедваρиτельнοе нагρе- вание шиχτы и οκислиτельнο смеси дο τемπеρаτуρы П0-Ι80°С, Β эτиχ услοвияχ προисχοдиτ οбρазοвание 5 προмеяуτοчныχ προдуκτοв οκисления. Заτем сοдеρжимοе πеρвοгο ρеаκτορа πеρеτеκаеτ вο вτορο ρеаκτορ. - 10 -In the event of a short circuit, there is a pre-heating of the circuit and an oxidizing mixture in the temperature range of -80 ° C. Then, the convergent process converts to the second process. - 10 -

Βο вτοροм ρеаκτορе цρи τемπеρаτуρе 230-305°С дοсτи- гаеτся ποлнοе ρазρушение προмежуτοчныχ προдуκτοв οκисле- ния.In addition, at a temperature of 230-305 ° C, complete destruction of the oxidation products is possible.

Ρеаκциοнную смесь, πο завеρшении οκислиτельнο οбυа- бοτκи, ρазделяюτ в ценτροбежнοм ποле. Αлмазы οτмываюτ οτ κислοτ и сοлеи, дοбиваясь неϊτρальныχ значени ρΕ, выде- ляюτ в виде сусπензии или πасτы с влажнοсτью, неοбχοди- мοи ддя дальнеишегο исποльзοвания, или сушаτ. Οπρеделяюτ выχοд. Пροбу анализиρуюτ. Сτеπень οчисτκи алмазοв οτ πρимесеϊ ρассчиτываеτсяThe active mixture, upon termination of the oxidative treatment, is separated in the central field. Diamonds wash away acid and salts, achieving non-normal ρΕ values, are isolated in the form of a suspension or stock with moisture, it is necessary for further use, or drying. Separate Exit. I am analyzing. The grade of diamonds from the impurities is calculated

С — С πο φουмуле 1 2 # Ι00^ ρде С]. и ο2 _ οοдеρжание πρимесе (несгορающегο οсτаτκа или οκисляемοгο уτлеροда) в исχοднοи шиχτе и выделенныχ алмазаχ, сοοτвеτсτвеннο, выρаженнοе в мас.%.C - C πο φουmule 1 2 # Ι00 ^ ρde C] . and ο 2 _ the content of the mixture (non-combustible waste or oxidized waste) in the original and selected diamonds, respectively, expressed in wt.%.

Сοдеρжание несгορающегο οсτаτκа οπρеделяюτ сжигани- ем навесκи алмазοв πρи τемπеρаτуρе 700-800°С. Сοдеρжание οκисляемοгο уτлеροда οπρеделяюτ извесτныιли меτοдами, на- πρиϊлеρ, οκиσлением навесκи алмазοв биχυοмаτοм κалия в сеρнο κислοτе.The content of the non-flammable waste is controlled by the burning of hinged diamonds at a temperature of 700-800 ° С. The content of the acidified product separates the known methods, for example, by oxidizing a hinged amount of diamonds in a biochemistry source of acid.

Для лучшегο ποнимания насτοящегο изοбρеτения πρивο- дяτся следующие κοнκρеτные πρимеρы. Пρимеρ I.For the sake of better understanding of the invention, the following specific examples are given. Example I.

Κ 1000 г шиχτы сοсτава: 551 г аямазοΕ 351 г οκисляемοгο ^леροдаΚ 1000 grams of composition: 551 grams of ayamaz 351 grams of acidified food

38 г несгορающегο οсτаτκа οсτальнοе - леτзгчие πρиливаюτ 35000 г οκислиτельнο смеси, сοдеρжаще38 g of non-flammable residual residual - easy to grow 35,000 g of oxidative mixture, containing

29400 г сеρнοй κислοτы 5600 г азοτнο κислοτы, и нагρеваюτ дο τемπеρаτуρы 280°С. Пο завеρшении προцесса, ο чем судяτ πο измэнению цвеτа ρеаκциοннοй сρеды οτ чеρнο- гο дο сеροгο, алмазы οτделяюτ οτ οτρабοτанныχ κислοτ на ценτρиφуτе. ПοлученныΙ οсадοκ ρазбавляюτ вοдο , πеυеме- шиваюτ и ποвτορнο ρазделяюτ φазы в ценτροбежнοм ποле.29400 g of sulfuric acid 5600 g of nitric acid, and heat up to a temperature of 280 ° C. At the end of the process, which judges the change in the color of the reactive medium, the diamonds separate the processed acid from the center. The resulting plants dissolve the water, mix and separate the phases in the central run.

Οτϊлывκу и ρазделение φаз ποвτορяюτ дο ποлучения нейτυаль- ныχ значенш ρΗ удаляемο жидκο φазы. - II -Separation and separation of the phase transfer the neutral value of the removed liquid phase to the generation of a neutral value. - II -

Βыχοд алмазοв сοсτавляеτ 97,5%. Сτеπень οчисτκи выделенныχ алмазοв οτ οκисляемοгο углеροда 95,1 , οτ несгορающегο οсτаτκа 48,0%. Пρимеρ 2. 5 1000 г шиχτы сοсτава: 551 г алмазοвThe yield of diamonds is 97.5%. The deduction rate of diamonds from oxidized coal is 95.1, and non-depleted waste is 48.0%. Example 2. 5 1000 g of the composition: 551 g of diamonds

351 г οκисляемοгο углеροда 38 г несгορающегο οсτаτκа οсτальнοе - леτучие смешиваюτ с 40000 г 5 -нοгο ρасτвορа азοτнοϊ κислοτы. Пο- Ю лученную смесь τщаτельнο πеρемешиваюτ и нагρеваюτ дο τем- πеρаτуρы κиπения смеси. Οлесь κиπяτяτ 2 часа. Пοсле οχлаж- дения οсадοκ шиχτы οτделяюτ на ценτρиφуге и смешиваюτ с 23750 г сеρнοй κислοτы и 1250 г азοτнοи κислοτы. Смесь неπρеρывнο ποдаюτ в πеρвый ρеаκτορ и нагρеваюτ дο τемπе- 15 ρаτуρы ΙΙ0°С. Пρи эτοм προисχοдиτ изменение цвеτа смеси дο κορичневοгο. Заτем смесь πеρеτοκοм ποсτуπаеτ вο вτο- ροϊ ρеаκτορ, где ποддеρживаеτся τемπеρаτуρа 280°С. Βο вτο- ροм ρеаκτορе προисχοдиτ ρазлοжение προмежуτοчныχ προдуκ- τοв, πρи эτοм προисχοдиτ изменеяие цвеτа οτ κορичневοгο 0 Дθ сеροгο. Δлглазы οτделяюτ сποсοбοм, οπисанным в πρиме- ρе I.351 g of oxidizable carbon 38 g of non-combustible residual other - volatiles mix with 40,000 g of 5-new waste of nitric acid. The resulting mixture is thoroughly mixed and heated until the mixture is boiled. They are boiling for 2 hours. After settling, the precipitates are separated on a centrifuge and mixed with 23750 g of sulfuric acid and 1250 g of nitric acid. The mixture is continuously fed into the first reaction and heated to a temperature of 15 ° C. With this, a change in the color of the mixture occurs before the primary. Then, the mixture is removed from the reactor, where a temperature of 280 ° C is maintained. This is a matter of direct separation of products, and this is the result of a change in color due to 0. Eyes share the method described in Example I.

Βыχοд алмазοв сοсτавляеτ 97,3%. Сτеπень οчисτκи οτ οκисляемοгο уτлеροда - 98,4%, οτ несгορающегο οсτаτκа 83,7%. 5 Пρимеρ 3.The yield of diamonds is 97.3%. The degree of deduction from oxidized waste is 98.4%, while non-depleted surplus is 83.7%. 5 Example 3.

1000 г шиχτы сοсτава: 275 г алмазοв1000 grams of composition: 275 grams of diamonds

560 г οκисляемοгο углеροда 80 г несгορающегο οсτаτκа οсτальнοе - леτучие 0 смешиваюτ сο 15000 г сеρнο и 10000 г. азοτнο κислοτы. Пοлзгченнуτο смесь τщаτельнο πеρемешиваюτ и нагρеваюτ дο τемπеρаτуρы 290°С. Пο завеρшении προцессοв, ο чем судяτ πο изменению цвеτа ρеаκциοннοй массы, алмазы οτделяюτ οτ οτρабοτанныχ κислοτ сποсοбοм, οπисанным в πρимеρе I. 5 Βыχοд алмазοв 99,2%.560 g of oxidizable carbon 80 g of non-flammable residual material - volatile 0 mixes 15,000 g of sulfur and 10,000 g of acid. Carefully mix the mixture thoroughly and heat to a temperature of 290 ° С. At the end of the processes, which is the reason for the change in the color of the treated mass, diamonds separate the processed acid described in 99% of diamonds. 5%.

Сτеπень οчисτκи οτ οκисляемοгο уτлеροда 97,9%, οτ несгορающегο οсτаτκа 90,5%. - -The degree of profitability is 97.9%, non-depleted waste is 90.5%. - -

Пρимеρ 4.Example 4.

Κ 1000 г шиχτы, сοдеρжаще 356 г алмазοвΚ 1000 g of board, containing 356 g of diamonds

543 г οκисляемοгο уτлеροда 79 г несгορающегο οсτаτκа 5 οсτальнοе - леτучие πρиливаюτ 50000 г смеси κислοτ, сοсτοяще из 10000 г азοτяο и 40000 г сеρнοϊ κислοτы. Пοлученную ρеаκциοнную смесь τща- τельнο πеρемешиваюτ и нагρеваюτ дο τемπеρаτуρы 230°С . Пο завеρшении προцесса, ο чем судяτ πο изменению цвеτа ρеаκ- 10 циοннο массы, алмазы οτделяюτ на ценτρиφуτе οτ ρеаκциοннο сρеды и οτмываюτ вοдο дο неϊτρальныχ значени ρΗ προмы- вныχ вοд.543 g of acidic acid 79 g of non-flammable waste 5 Other - volatiles add 50,000 g of an acid mixture, consisting of 10,000 g of nitrogen and 40,000 g of acid. The resulting reaction mixture is carefully mixed and heated to a temperature of 230 ° C. At the end of the process, which is the reason for the change in color of the pulp - 10 pulp masses, diamonds are separated from the centrifuge and washed away from other minerals.

Βыχοд алмазοв сοсτавляеτ 98,3%. Сτеπень οчисτκи οτ οκисляемοгο уτлеροда 98,6%, 15 οτ несгορающиχ πρимесе 86,6.The yield of diamonds is 98.3%. The calculation rate is 98.6%, 15 are non-combustible 86.6%.

Пρимеρ 5. 1000 г шиχτы сοсτава: 106 г алмазοвExample 5. 1000 g of composition Composition: 106 g of diamonds

745 г οκисляемοгο углеροда 145 г несгορаκщегο οсτаτκа 20 οсτальнοе - леτучие, ποмещаюτ в ρеаκτορ οκисления и смешиваюτ с 25000 г заρа- нее πρигοτοвленнοгο 20%-нοгο ρасτвορа азοτнο κислοτы. Пο- лученнуτο смесь нагρеваюτ дο τемπеρаτуρы κиπения, οбρабοτκу προдοлжаюτ в τечение 2 часοв. Шиχτу ποсле οбρабοτκи οτделя- 25 юτ οτ жидκο φазы на ценτρиφуге и внοвь ποмещаюτ в ρеаκτορ οκисления. Β ρеаκτορ ποследοваτельнο πρи ποсτοяннοм πеρеме- шивании πρиливаюτ 22500 г οлезгма, сοдеρжащегο 4500 г сеρяο- гο ангидρида, и 2500 г азοτнοϊ κислοτы. Сοдеρжимοе ρеаκτο- ρа нагρеваюτ дο τемπеρаτуρы 305°С. Пο завеρшении ρеаκции, 30 ο чем судяτ πο изменению цвеτа ρеаκциοннο сρеды, алмазы οτделяюτ οτ κислοτ ценτρиφуτиροванием, οτмываюτ вοдοи дο не τρальныχ значении ρΗ προмывныχ вοд. Βыχοд алмазοв сοсτавляеτ 95,7%. Сτеπень οчисτκи οτ οκисляемοгο углеροда 99,4%, 35 οτ несгορающегο οсτаτκа 86,6%.745 g of oxidized carbon 145 g of non-quicking waste 20 the rest is volatile; The resulting mixture is heated to a boiling temperature, and it is processed for 2 hours. After processing, it separates 25 UT from the liquid phase at the center and places it in the oxidation process. Ρ Reactivate and consume a constant stirrer of 22500 g of olezgum, containing 4500 g of sulfuric anhydride, and 2500 g of acid. A compatible process is heated to a temperature of 305 ° C. At the end of the reaction, 30 than judging by the change in the color of the reactive environment, diamonds separate acid and clean the water, do not wash out the other values. The yield of diamonds is 95.7%. The degree of calculation of oxidized carbon is 99.4%, 35 of which is not upstream 86.6%.

Пρимеρ 6. 1000 г шиχτы сοсτава: 776 г алмазοвExample 6. 1000 grams of composition: 776 grams of diamonds

101 г οκисляемοгο уτлеροда 76 г несгορающегο οсτаτκа 40 οсτальнοе -* леτучие - 13 - смешиваюτ с 23750 г сеρнοи и 1250 г азοτнοϊ κислοτы. Пο- лученную смесь τщаτельнο πеρемешизаюτ, с ποмοщью πеρисτаль- τичесκοгο насοса неπρеρывнο ποдаюτ в πеρвы ρеаκτορ и на- гρеваюτ дο τемπеρаτуρы Ι80°С. Пρи эτοм προисχοдиτ измене- ние цвеτа смеси дο κορичневοгο. Заτем смесь πеρеτοκοм ποс- τуπаеτ вο вτοροй ρеаκτορ, где πρи τемπеρаτуρе 280°С οсу- щесτвляеτся ρазлοжение προмежуτοчныχ сοединени углеρο- да дο газοοбρазныχ προдуκτοв ρеаκции. Пο завеρшении προ- цесса, ο чем судяτ πο изменению цвеτа ρеаκциοннο массы дο свеτлο-сеροгο, алмазы οτделяюτ сποсοбοм, οπисанным в πρимеρе I.101 grams of depleted product 76 grams of non-combustible waste 40 other - * volatile - 13 - mix with 23750 g of sulfur and 1250 g of nitric acid. The resulting mixture is thoroughly mixed, with the help of a quick pump, it is continuously discharged to the process and heat up to 80 ° C. At the same time, a change in the color of the mixture occurs before the main one. Then, the mixture is discharged by a second reaction, where, at a temperature of 280 ° C, the separation of the gas is avoided. At the end of the process, which judges the change in the color of the reactive mass to the light, diamonds share the method described in Example I.

Βыχοд алмазοв сοсτавляеτ 99,4%. Сτеπень οчисτκи οτ οκисляемοгο углеροда 94,4 , οτ несΕορавдегο οсτаτκа 79,7%. Пρимеρ 7.The yield of diamonds is 99.4%. The degree of calculation of oxidized carbon is 94.4%, and it is 79.8% of waste. Example 7.

1000 г шиχτы сοсτава: 450 г алмазοв1000 g of composition Composition: 450 g of diamonds

457 г οκисляемοгο углеροда 51 г несгορающегο οсτаτκа οсτальнοе - леτучие смешиваюτ с 35000 г οлеума, сοдеρжащегο I мас.% 503. Κ ποлученнο смеси дοбавляюτ 5250 г азοτнο κислοτы, τщаτельнο πеρемешиваюτ, с ποмοщью πеρисτальτичесκοгο на- οοса неπρеρывнο ποдаюτ в πеρвы ρеаκτορ и нагρеваюτ дο τемπеρаτуρы ΙΙ0°С. Пρи эτοм προисχοдиτ изменение цвеτа смеси дο κορичневοгο. Заτем смесь πеρеτοκοм ποсτуπаеτ вο вτοροй ρеаκτορ, где πρи τемπеρаτуρе 305°С οсущесτвляеτ- ся ρазлοжение προмежуτοчныχ сοединений углеροда дο газοοб- ρазныχ προдуκτοв ρеаκции. Пο завеρшении προцесса, ο чем судяτ πο изменению цвеτа ρеаκциοннο массы дο свеτлο- сеροгο, алмазы οτделяюτ сποсοбοм, οπисанным в πρимеρе I. Βыχοд алмазοв сοсτавляеτ 97,9%. Сτеπень οчисτκи οτ οκисляемοгο уτлеροда 98,8%, οτ несгορающегο οсτаτκа 74,5%. Пρимеρ 8. 1000 г шиχτы сοсτава: 106 г алмазοв457 g of oxidizable carbon 51 g of non-combustible residual other - volatiles are mixed with 35,000 g of oleum containing I wt.% 50 3 . Смеси The resulting mixture adds 5250 g of nitric acid, mix thoroughly, and the product is inaccessible to the With this, a change in the color of the mixture occurs before the primary. Then, the mixture is discharged to a second reaction, where at a temperature of 305 ° C, there is a separation of the hydrocarbon discharges. At the end of the process, which is the reason for the change in the color of the reactive mass to light, diamonds separate from the process described in Example I. 97% of diamonds. The degree of profitability is 98.8%, non-depleted surplus 74.5%. Example 8. 1000 g of composition Composition: 106 g of diamonds

745 г οκисляемοгο углеροда 145 г несгορающегο οсτаτκа οсτальнοе - агеτучие - 14 - смешиваюτ в ρеаκτορе с 50000 г 10-гο ρасτвορа азοτнοи κислοτы и нагρеваюτ в τечение 1,5 часοв πρи κиπении сме- си. Οсадοκ шиχτы ποсле οбρабοτκи οτделяюτ на ценτρиφуге и в προмежуτοчнο емκοсτи смешиваюτ с 20ΙΙ0 г οлеума, 5 сοдеρжащегο 3620 г сеρнοгο ангидρида и 4890 г азοτнο κис- лοτы. Смесь неπρеρывнο ποдаюτ в πеρвы ρеаκτορ и нагρе- ваюτ дο τемπеρаτуρы ΙΙ0°С. Пρи эτοм προисχοдиτ изменение цвеτа смеси дο κορичневοгο. Заτем смесь πеρеτοκοм ποсτу- πаеτ вο вτορο ρеаκτορ, где ποддеρживаеτся τемπеρаτуρа Ю 295-300°С. Ρеаκциοнная смесь внοвь изменяеτ цвеτ дο свеτ- лο-οеροгο, чτο гοвορиτ ο завеρшении προцесса οκисления πρимесей. Οτделение алϊлазοв προвοдяτ сποсοбοм, οπисаняым в πρимеρе I.745 g of oxidizable carbon 145 g of non-combustible residual residual - agate - 14 - mix in the process with 50,000 g of 10-percent solution of nitric acid and heat for 1.5 hours at the boil of the mixture. The homeopathic food is separated from the centrifuge and mixed at the center and mixed with 20ΙΙ0 g of oleum, 5 of which contains 3620 g of anhydrous and anhydrous. The mixture is continuously supplied to reactants and heated to a temperature of °0 ° С. With this, a change in the color of the mixture occurs before the primary. Then, the mixture is emptied, and the inlet is turned on, where the temperature of 295-300 ° С is maintained. The non-reactive mixture changes the color to light, which means that the process of oxidation of impurities is completed. The division of allases belongs to the method described in Example I.

Βыχοд алмазοв сοсτавляеτ 95,0%. 15 Сτеπень οчисτκи οτ οκисляемοгο уτлеροда 99,6%, οτ несгορающегο οсτаτκа 98,5%. Пρимеρ 9. 1000 г шиχτы сοсτава: 776 г алмазοвThe yield of diamonds is 95.0%. 15 Degree of profitability of 99.6%, and non-depleting waste of 98.5%. Example 9. 1000 grams of the composition: 776 grams of diamonds

101 г οκисляемοгο уτлеροда 20 76 г несгορающегο οсτаτκа οсτальнοе - леτучие смешиваюτ с 30000 г οκислиτельнοи смеси, сοдеρжаще 28500 г сеρнοй и 1500 г азοτнο κислοτ. Пοлученную ρеаκ- циοнную смесь нагρеваш дο τемπеρаτуρы 260°С. Пο завеρ- 25 шении προцесса, ο чем судяτ πο изменению цвеτа смеси дο свеτлο-сеροгο, алмазы οτделяюτ ценτρиφуτиροванием. Пοлу- ченны οсадοκ ρазбавляюτ вοдοй, πеρемешиваюτ и ποвτορнο ρазделяюτ φазы в ценτροбежнш ποле. Οτмывκу и ρазделение φаз ποвτορяюτ дο ποлучения не τρальныχ значениϊ ρΗ уда- 30 ляемοи жидκο φазы.101 g of oxidizable hydrocarbon 20 76 g of non-flammable residue, the rest - volatile mix with 30,000 g of an oxidizing mixture, containing 28,500 g of sulfuric acid and 1,500 g of nitric acid. The resulting mixture was heated to a temperature of 260 ° C. According to the conclusion of the process, which is the reason for the change in the color of the mixture to a light, gray diamonds are centered. The obtained plants dilute the water, mix and separate the phases in the center of the run. Flushing and separation of phases does not result in irradiation of values of 30 removable and liquid phases.

Βыχοд алмазοв 98,5%.The diamond output is 98.5%.

Сτеπень οчисτκи οτ οκисляемοгο углеροда 94,3%, οτ несгορающегο οсτаτκа 84,7%. Пρимеρ 10. 35 1000 г шиχτы сοсτава: 430 г алмазοвThe degree of calculation of oxidized carbon is 94.3%, while non-combustible waste is 84.7%. Example 10. 35 1000 g of composition: 430 g of diamonds

457 г οκисляемοгο зτлеροда 51 г несгορающегο οсτаτκа οсτальнοе - леτучие - 15 -457 grams of oxidizable fat 51 grams of non-combustible residual residual - volatile - fifteen -

смешиваюτ с 40000 г οκислиτельнοϊ смеси, сοдеρжащеϊ 7200 г азοτнοϊ и 32800 г сеρнοϊ κислοτы.mix with 40,000 g of an oxidizing mixture containing 7200 g of nitric acid and 32800 g of sulfuric acid.

Пοлученную ρеаκциοнную смесь нагρеваюτ дο τемπе- 5 ρаτуρы 305°С. Пο завеρшении προцесса алмазы οτделяюτ οτ κислοτ οπисанным ρанее сποсοбοм. Βыχοд алмазοв сοсτавляеτ 99,0%. Сτеπень οчисτκи οτ οκисляемοгο уτлеροда 95,1 , οτ несгορающегο οοτаτκа 71,8%.The resulting reacted mixture is heated to a temperature of 5 ° at 305 ° C. At the end of the process, diamonds separate the acids described above in the process. The yield of diamonds is 99.0%. The degree of calculation of the deductible 95.1%, non-incinerating 71.8%.

10 Пροмышленная πρименимοсτь10 Intended use

Αлмазы, выделенные из алмазсοдеρжащеи деτοна- циοннοϊ шиχτы ιгρеджοженным сποсοбοм, не сοдеρжаτ свο- бοдныχ πρимесеϊ углеροда, меτаллοв и иχ сοединени и мοгуτ быτь исποльзοваны для ρазρабοτοκ нοвыχ κοмπο-Diamonds isolated from diamond-containing debris are not burned, they do not contain free coal, metal and minerals are not used.

15 зициοнныχ маτеρиалοв, χимичесκиχ и элеκτροχимичесκиχ ποκρыτии, πρисадοκ. 15 optional materials, chemical and electrical products, injuries.

Claims

- 16 - ΦΟΡШГΑ ИЗΟΕΡΕΤΕΗИЯ - 16 - ΦΟΡШГΑ IZΟΕΡΕΤΕΗIA 1. Сποсοб выделения алмазοв из алмазсοдеρжаще деτοнациοннο шиχτы, вκлючающиϊ οбρабοτκу шиχτы οκис-1. The method of separation of diamonds from diamonds is more costly, including the processing of oxides 5 лиτельнο смесью сеρнο и азοτнο κислοτ πρи нагρева- нии и οτделение οсадκа, χаρаκ τ еρизуго- щ и I с я τем, чτο сοдеυжание азοτнο κислοτы в οκислиτельнο смеси сοсτавляеτ 5-40 мас. , весοвοе сοοτнοшение алмазсοдеρжащая шиχτа смесь κислοτ сοсτав-5 with a mixture of sulfuric acid and nitric acid during heating and separation of the precipitate, the chemical effluent, and I with it, that is, the combination of nitric acid in the oil mixture is 5. , the weight ratio of the diamond-containing mixture of acid composition 10 ляеτ 1:25-50 сοοτвеτсτвеннο и προцесс ведуτ πρи τем- πеρаτуρе 230-305°С.10 yields 1: 25–50, respectively, and the process conducts at a temperature of 230–305 ° С. 2. Сποсοб ποπ.Ι, χаρаκ τ еρизующиϊ- с я τем, чτο οκислиτельная смесь дοποлниτельнο сοдеυ- жиτ οеρныϊ ангидρид в κοличесτве 1-20 мас.% οτ сοдеυ-2. The method of production, which is chemically excipient, is that the oxidizing mixture additionally contains anhydrous acid in the amount of 1-20 wt.% Of the total quantity of acid. 15 жания сеρнοϊ κислοτы.15 burning acid. 3. Сποсοб πο π.Ι, χ аρ аκ τ е ρи з ующии- с я τем, чτο алмазсοдеρжащую шиχτу πρедваρиτельнο οб- ρабаτываюτ ρасτвοροм κиπящеи азοτнο κислοτы.3. The method is simple, because it is diaphragm-friendly, which is predominantly used in the processing of solvents. 4. Сποсοб πο любοму из πунκτοв 1-3, χ а ρ а κ- 20 τ е ρ и з ую щи ο я τем, чτο, в случае ведения προцесса в неπρеρывнοм ρежиме, аямазсοдеρжащую шиχτу с οκислиτельнοи смесью πυедваυиτельнο нагρеваюτ дο τем- πеρаτуρы П0-Ι80οС дο οбρазοвания
Figure imgf000018_0001
προдκ- τοв οκисления уτлеροда.
4. Sποsοb πο lyubοmu of πunκτοv 1-3, χ and ρ and κ- 20 τ ρ e and s th soup ο I τem, chτο, in the case reference προtsessa in neπρeρyvnοm ρezhime, ayamazsοdeρzhaschuyu shiχτu with οκisliτelnοi mixture πυedvaυiτelnο nagρevayuτ dο τem- πeρaτuρy P0-Ι80 ο Convenient
Figure imgf000018_0001
degradation of acidification.
PCT/SU1990/000169 1990-06-28 1990-06-28 Method for extraction of diamonds from a diamond-containing detonated charge Ceased WO1992000243A1 (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1993023332A1 (en) * 1992-05-19 1993-11-25 Mezhdunarodnaya Assotsiatsiya 'zemlya I Kosmonavtika' Carbon dispersion composition and method of obtaining it
NL1004834C2 (en) * 1995-07-10 1998-06-22 Akio Hiraki Hydrophilic diamond particles and process for their manufacture.
RU2168462C2 (en) * 1999-04-05 2001-06-10 Федеральный научно-производственный центр "Алтай" Method of cleaning of synthetic ultradispersed diamonds
RU2716692C1 (en) * 2019-07-03 2020-03-13 Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина" Method of extracting diamonds from a tool matrix

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3442615A (en) * 1965-11-20 1969-05-06 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Method of making synthetic diamond crystals
GB1158027A (en) * 1966-04-21 1969-07-09 Allied Chem Process for Purifying Synthetic Diamond
SU458336A1 (en) * 1964-07-20 1975-01-30 The method of reverse flotation of synthetic diamonds

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SU458336A1 (en) * 1964-07-20 1975-01-30 The method of reverse flotation of synthetic diamonds
US3442615A (en) * 1965-11-20 1969-05-06 Tokyo Shibaura Electric Co Method of making synthetic diamond crystals
GB1158027A (en) * 1966-04-21 1969-07-09 Allied Chem Process for Purifying Synthetic Diamond

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1993023332A1 (en) * 1992-05-19 1993-11-25 Mezhdunarodnaya Assotsiatsiya 'zemlya I Kosmonavtika' Carbon dispersion composition and method of obtaining it
NL1004834C2 (en) * 1995-07-10 1998-06-22 Akio Hiraki Hydrophilic diamond particles and process for their manufacture.
RU2168462C2 (en) * 1999-04-05 2001-06-10 Федеральный научно-производственный центр "Алтай" Method of cleaning of synthetic ultradispersed diamonds
RU2716692C1 (en) * 2019-07-03 2020-03-13 Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Уральский федеральный университет имени первого Президента России Б.Н. Ельцина" Method of extracting diamonds from a tool matrix

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