WO1991014052A1

WO1991014052A1 - Basin structure

Info

Publication number: WO1991014052A1
Application number: PCT/NO1991/000030
Authority: WO
Inventors: Ingvald Nyseth; Ivar Urke
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1990-03-12
Filing date: 1991-03-01
Publication date: 1991-09-19
Anticipated expiration: 1992-09-12
Also published as: NO173517B; NO900576D0; AU7316091A; NO173517C; NO900576L

Abstract

A basin or manhole structure having at least one channel section (10) for the transport of sewage or drainage water, wherein the channel section comprises a number of circle-sector-like elements (A-C) constituting a 360° element. The segments form two separate channel courses (17, 18) extending peripherally along a respective circumferential part of the element, one channel course (17) having a direction of flow which is anticlockwise, and the other a clockwise direction. An arbitrary directional change between the inlet (11 resp. 12) and the outlet (13 resp. 14) is achieved by a mutual variation of the lengths of the channel courses (17, 18). The channel courses can be connected to a pair of drainage pipes (21, 22 resp. 23, 24) at the same level. Connection to branch pipes is achieved by assembly of a pair of channel sections above each other, the upper section then having an open connection to the underlying channel course. The basin structure preferably includes an upper basin section for water pipe fittings, the basin section being used as a lid over the uppermost channel section, and further being provided with a hatch/grating for access to underlying channel courses and with wall inlets for water pipes.

Description

Basin structure

The invention relates to a basin or manhole structure having at least one channel section for the transport of sewage

5 or drainage water, which section comprises a number of circle- sector-like segments constituting a 360° element having at least one channel course giving a desired change of direction between inlet and outlet pipes communicating with an inlet to and an outlet from the channel course. o A channel section of the above-mentioned type is known from DE patent specification No. 3 028 093. This patent specification shows a building kit for the production of a sewage or drainage basin channel comprising finished-part sections in the form of circle-sector-like segments wherein each of a pair s of 90° segment parts has a radial channel course, and at least one additional 90° segment is divided into smaller segment parts. All of the segment parts at the apex debouch into a sector of a spherical segment so that, in assembled condition, they form a central bowl forming a connection between the two rectilinear o channel courses. A desired deviation or change of direction between the channel courses then may be achieved by a suitable assembly of the segment parts. The segment parts, which may be shaped as segment shells, are assembled in advance or at the site of use and are cast together by lightweight concrete or the like. 5 As one will appreciate, the above described known structure is restricted to basins for single-tube pipeline systems. As far as one knows, hitherto there has not been developed basin or manhole structures having channel courses enabling the use of a common channel section for two sewage or 0 drainage pipes (hereinafter called drainage pipes) at the same level where one may have an arbitrary change of direction between inlet and outlet. There has neither been developed a combination of channel sections for drainage pipes and a basin section for water pipe fittings enabling the use of common basins for water 5 supply pipes and drainage pipes. Today it is therefore necessary to use double basins to take care of the functions associated with systems and operation of water supply and drainage pipes, where one has two drainage pipes.

Thus, it is an object of the invention to provide a basin or manhole structure enabling the use of a common channel section for a pair of drainage pipes at the same level, and wherein one can have an arbitrary change of direction between the inlet and outlet of the section. Another object is to provide such a basin structure which also enables the use of separate channel sections for main drainage pipes and branch pipes assembled above each other.

An additional object is to provide a basin structure having channel sections which are adapted for single drainage 0 pipes or drainage pipes at different levels.

A still further object of the invention is to provide a basin structure which can be used as a common basin for water supply and drainage pipes.

For the achievement of the above-mentioned objects s there is provided a basin structure of the introductorily stated type which, according to the invention, is characterized in that the segments of the section form a pair of separate channel courses extending peripherally along a respective part of the circumference of the element outside of an inner limiting wall 0 of the element, the channel courses, when both are used in operation, having a direction of flow running clockwise and anticlockwise, respectively.

An advantageous embodiment of the basin structure according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises 5 a channel section wherein each of the two channel courses is formed from an inlet segment, an outlet segment and an inter¬ mediate segment portion, each of the inlet and outlet segments being a 45° segment and the intermediate segment portions of the two channel courses together constituting a 180° segment, the o change of direction between inlet and outlet being determined by the ratio between the peripheral lengths of the two segment portions.

In the above embodiment, the inlet and outlet segments for each channel course may be arranged for connection to inlet 5 and outlet pipes, respectively, of a respective main drainage pipe, the two main drainage pipes being located at the same level. In another variant, the inlet segments for the two channel courses may be arranged for connection to respective inlet ends of substantially parallelly extending branch pipes, whereas each of the outlet segments has an outlet in the form of a bottom opening for the connection to an associated channel course in an underlying channel section.

The channel sections of the basin structure according to the invention advantageously may be made of concrete, but also other castable materials may be mentioned, such as suitable plastics materials. In the manufacture, there may advantageously be used a cassette framework system consisting of framework elements being shaped in accordance with the various segments or segment portions forming the channel courses. The individual framework elements, consisting of e.g. a top framework and a bottom framework enabling disassembly after casting, then may cover respective ones of the segments of the channel section, and for example at the inner, outer and upper sides of the channel courses be provided with radially extending flanges which are adapted to be attached to corresponding flanges on the adjacent elements, for example by bolting. By the assembly of suitably chosen framework elements, which may be available in a suitable, possibly standardized selection, one may then in a simple manner form the framework for a channel structure with a desired shape which is taylor-made for the use in question.

The basin structure according to the invention is based on a roundabout principle having two-way roundabout in periphe¬ ral, concentric channel courses, and wherein a desired change of direction is obtained by means of mutual variation of the length of the channel courses. This structure brings about a number of substantial practical advantages. These may be summarized in that the structure enables the use of common water and drainage basins for the most current trench sections; enables the use of common drainage basins for all current trench sections; enables an arbitrarily desired angular change in basins without the use of bends for drainage pipes; - enables a rectilinear extension of drainage pipes without any spreading-out towards or away from basins; enables 100% prefabrication of basins; and enables a rational production of basins by means of a limited amount of forming equipment. The invention will be further described below in connection with exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawings, wherein

Figs. 1 and 2 show examples of cross-sections of s trenches for water and drainage pipes, the trench section in Fig.

1 showing a pair of drainage pipes at the same level, and Fig.

2 showing a pair of drainage pipes at different levels;

Fig. 3 shows a sectioned plan view of a channel section according to the invention, for a pair of main pipes at the same o level;

Fig. 4 shows a cross-section along the line IV-IV in Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 shows a sectioned plan view of a channel section for a pair of parallel branch pipes; s Fig. 6 shows a cross-section along the line VI-VI in

Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 shows a cross-section of a basin section for water pipe fittings along the line VII-VII in Fig. 8;

Fig. 8 shows a section along the line VI11-VI11 in Fig. o 7;

Fig. 9 shows a section through a basin structure alon the line IX-IX in Fig. 10, consisting of a channel section fo a pair of main pipes and a basin section for water pipe fittings;

Fig. 10 shows a plan view of the basin structure i 5 Fig. 9, with connected pipes and tubes;

Fig. 11 shows a section through a basin structure alon the line XI-XI in Fig. 12, consisting of two channel sections fo main pipes and branch pipes, respectively, and a basin sectio for water pipe fittings; o Fig. 12 shows a plan view of the basin structure i

Fig. 11, with connected pipes and tubes;

Fig. 13 shows a sectioned plan view of a channe section having a blind channel course and a single channel cours for use in connection with a single drainage pipe; 35 Fig. 14 shows a section along the line XIV-XIV in Fig

13;

Fig. 15 shows a sectioned plan view of a channe section similar to that in Fig. 13, but wherein the singl channel course has an opposite direction of flow; Fig. 16 shows a section along the line XVI-XVI in Fig. 15;

Fig. 17 shows a section through a basin structure along the line XVII-XVII in Fig. 18, consisting of two channel sections for respective single drainage pipes and a basin section for water pipe fittings; and

Fig. 18 shows a plan view of the basin structure in Fig. 17, with connected pipes and tubes.

In the different embodiments shown in the drawings, corresponding parts and elements are designated by the same reference numerals.

Figs. 1 and 2 show representative trench sections, as they may be found in practice, and wherein the present basin structure can be adapted for use. Thus, Fig. 1 shows a pair of s main drainage pipes 1 and 2 having different dimensions and lying with their underside at the same level at a mutual distance b, and a water supply pipe 3 at a height h above the pipe 2. Fig. 2 shows a pair of drainage pipes 4 and 5 having a lateral distance b and lying at different levels with a mutual height 0 difference h₂, and a water supply pipe 6 located at a height h_x above the upper drainage pipe 5.

In the different embodiments of channel sections shown in plan view in Figs. 3, 5, 13 and 15, the different circle- sector-like segments or segment portions constituting together 5 a 360° element in each embodiment, are designated by the reference letters A to G with associated subscripts 1 or 2, corresponding segments or segment portions in the different Figures being designated by the same letter, but by different subscripts for corresponding elements in the same embodiment o (Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, respectively), or for corresponding elements in two different embodiments (Figs. 13 and 15). This notation contributes to facilitating the understanding of the fundamental construction of the structure, and to facilitating the survey of the functional connection between the segment portions forming 5 part of the different embodiments. The meaning of the different letter symbols will be further discussed later.

The channel section 10 shown in Figs. 3 and 4, is divided into six segments A₁ B_x, C_, A₂, B₂, C₂, more specifically a pair of inlet segments 11 and 12, a pair of outlet segments 13 and 14, and a pair of intermediate segments 15 and 16 which together form a 360° element. As shown, the segments form two separate channel courses 17 and 18, respectively, extending along a respective peripheral part of the element outside of an inner limiting wall 19 defining a central opening 20. The section 10 is intended for connection of a pair of main drainage pipes at the same level, and in Fig. 3 an inlet pipe 21 and an outlet pipe 22 of e.g. a waste water pipe are shown to be connected to the channel course 17, whereas an inlet pipe 23 and an outlet pipe 24 of e.g. a surface water pipe are connected to the channel course 18. Thus, in operation, the channel courses 17 and 18 will have directions of flow running anticlockwise and clockwise, respectively.

The channel section 30 shown in Figs. 5 and 6 is also divided into six segments A_x, B_{l r} C_, A₂, B₂, C₂, more specifically a pair of inlet segments 31 and 32, a pair of outlet segments 33 and 34, and a pair of intermediate segments 35 and 36 forming together a 360° element. As shown, the segments form two separate channel courses 37 and 38, respectively, extending along a respective peripheral part of the element outside of an inner limiting wall 39 defining a central opening 40. This section is intended for connection of a pair of substantially parallelly extending branch pipes, and in Fig. 5 a branch pipe 41 is shown connected to the channel course 37, whereas a branch pipe 42 is connected to the channel course 38. Each of the outlet segments 33, 34 in this embodiment has an outlet in the form of a bottom opening 43 and 44, respectively, for connection to an associated channel course in an underlying channel section of the type shown in Figs. 3 and 4. Also here the channel courses 37 and 38 have directions of flow running anticlockwise and clockwise, respecti¬ vely.

For the embodiments in Figs. 2-6, and to the proper extent also for the embodiments shown in Figs. 13-16, it generally applies that the segments A_x and A₂ are fixed segments constituting inlet parts having a suitably dimensioned pipe socket in the basin wall and a transition channel or passage fro a variable circular to a fixed oviform bottom cross-section as shown in Figs. 4 and 6. A_x and A₂ together constitute a 90° segment. The segments B_x and B₂ have a fixed curvature and a fixed oviform bottom cross-section for all pipe dimensions, and a variable length. They constitute together a 180° segment, and a change of direction between the inlet and outlet of a channel section is undertaken by mutual variation of the lengths of B_ and B₂, from 0° to 180°.

The segments C_ and C₂ are fixed segments constituting outlet parts having a suitably dimensioned pipe socket in the basin wall and a transition channel or passage from a fixed oviform bottom cross-section to a variable circular cross-section for the main pipe channel section 10, and having an open hole in the bottom for the branch pipe section 30. C_ and C₂ constitute together a 90° segment.

As regards the height of the channel sections, this is dependent on the largest pipe dimension to be connected.

As appears from Figs. 4 and 6, the channel sections 10 and 30 have planar upper and lower sides, and the section 10 on its upper side is provided with inner and outer encircling grooves 45 and 46, respectively, whereas the section 30 on its underside is provided with corresponding, encircling ribs 47 and 48, respectively, engaging in said grooves when the section 30 is placed onto the section 10. In this manner, possibly in combination with gaskets, there is established a sealing means between the sections to prevent inward leakage of ground water and outward leakage of drainage water.

Figs. 7 and 8 show a basin section 50 for the assembly of fittings for water supply pipes, and which is intended for placing on top of a channel section, to constitute the uppermost section of a basin structure where this is practically desirable, and then simultaneously form a lid for the underlying channel section. The basin section 50 in the bottom is provided with openings 51 and 52 for access to channel courses in the under¬ lying section, which openings are shown to be covered by a lid 53 and a grating 54, respectively. On the underside the basin section is provided with encircling inner and outer ribs 55, 56 for engagement in corresponding grooves in the underlying section, to form a seal thereagainst, if necessary in connection with gaskets placed in the grooves. In the upper edge of the basin wall there is shown to be provided a groove 57 for receiving a rib on a lid or cover (not shown) for the basi section.

In Fig. 7 a topical water pipe fitting 58 is shown wit dashed lines. This may be fixed by means of suitable holding down bolts. The wall of the basin section further is provide with necessary wall inlets 59 for water pipes.

In Figs. 9 and 10 there is shown an example of a basi structure consisting of a channel section 10 according to Fig. 3 and a basin section 50 placed thereon. In the plan view o Fig. 10, there is shown an incoming and an outgoing water pip 60 and 61, respectively. Further, there is indicated that th basin section is covered by a lid 62 having a suitable acces opening or shaft 63.

Figs. 11 and 12 show an additional example of a basi structure consisting of a pair of channel sections 10 and 3 according to Figs. 3 and 5 and a basin section 50. In thi example, an additional water pipe 64 is connected to the basi section, this pipe then being placed in the same trench as th branch pipes 41 and 42. Figs. 13 and 14 show a channel section 70 which i adapted for use in connection with a single drainage pipe and fo drainage pipes (surface and waste water pipes) at differen levels, like the drainage pipes 4 and 5 in Fig. 2. The channe section forms a 360° element and is, as shown, divided into te segments of the types A_, B_{l r} C₁, D_x and E_, F_lf G_, there bein three B-_L segments and two O_ segments. The segment h_ constitute and inlet segment 71, the segment C_ constitutes an outle segment 72, the five segments of the types B_ and D_x constitut a first intermediate segment portion 73, and the segments E_1# F₁ G_ constitute a second intermediate segment portion 74. Th segments 71-73 form a channel course 75, whereas the segment 7 forms a channel course 76. The channel courses extend along respective peripheral part of the element outside of an inne limiting wall 77 defining a central opening 78. in this embodiment only the channel course 75 i utilized as a horizontal through-flow passage (clockwis direction of flow), and in Fig. 13 an inlet pipe 79 and an outle pipe 80 of the associated drainage pipe are shown to be connecte to this channel course. The segment portion 74 forming th channel course 76, however, is a blind segment, and is without any inlet or outlet for pipes. As shown in Fig. 14, this channel course is provided with a bottom 81 if the channel section 70 is the only or lowermost section of a basin structure, but is without a bottom (or has a suitable bottom opening) if the section is used as an upper channel section (see Fig. 17).

As appears from Fig. 13, the intermediate segment portion 73 is provided with two additional inlet segments 82, 83 (the segments D_x) for connection of additional main or branch o pipes 84 and 85.

Figs. 15 and 16 show a channel section 70' correspon¬ ding structurally to the channel section 70 in Figs. 13 and 14, apart from the fact that the through-flow channel course in this embodiment has an opposite direction of flow, viz. anticlockwise. s The corresponding parts therefore are designated by the same reference numerals, but provided with an apostrophy.

The meaning of the symbols A-G in Figs. 13 and 15 has been mentioned before with respect to the symbols A, B and C. For the remaining symbols, the following applies: o The segments D₁ and D₂ are fixed segments constituting inlet parts having a suitably dimensioned pipe socket in the basin wall for the connection of main or branch pipes. O_ and D₂ each constitutes a 45° segment. The channel course in these segments has the same curvature and the same bottom cross-section 5 as the segments B_ and B₂.

The segments E_{l f} E₂ and G_x, G₂ constitute fixed blind segment portions of the channel course which is not utilized, and they constitute each a 45° segment.

The segments F_x and F₂ are variable blind segment o portions for the channel course which is not utilized, wherein the angular extension may be from 0° to 180°.

Figs. 17 and 18 show an example of a basin structure consisting of two channel sections 70 and 70' according to Figs. 13 and 15 and an upper basin section 50 for water pipe fittings. 5 As shown in Fig. 18, to the basin section 50 in this example there are connected four water pipes 86, 87, 88 and 89 which extend parallelly to respective drainage pipes associated with the underlying channel sections, and which in practice will be buried in the same trenches as the drainage pipes, in accordance with the trench section in Fi . 2.

Claims

Patent Claims

1. A basin structure having at least one channel section (10; 30; 70) for the transport of sewage or drainage water, which section comprises a number of circle-sector-like segments constituting a 360° element having at least one channel course (17, 18; 37, 38; 75, 76) giving a desired change of direction between inlet and outlet pipes (21-24; 41, 42; 79, 80) communica¬ ting with an inlet to and an outlet from the channel course, CHARACTERIZED IN that the segments of the section (10; 30; 70) form a pair of separate channel courses (17, 18; 37, 38; 75, 76) extending peripherally along a respective part of the circumfe¬ rence of the element outside of an inner limiting wall (19; 39; 77) of the element, the channel courses (17, 18; 37, 38), when both are used in operation, having a direction of flow running clockwise and anticlockwise, respectively.

2. A basin structure according to claim 1, CHARACTERIZED IN that it comprises at least two channel sections (10; 30) arranged to be assembled on top of each other, the sections o their mutually adjacent sides being provided with interengagin means (45, 46, 47, 48) forming a leakage-preventing seal betwee the sections.

3. A basin structure according to claim 1 or 2, CHARACTE RIZED IN that it comprises a channel section (10) wherein eac of the two channel courses (17, 18) is formed from an inle segment (11 resp. 12), an outlet segment (13 resp. 14) and a intermediate segment portion (15 resp. 16), each of the inlet an outlet segments (11, 12, 13, 14) being a 45° segment and th intermediate segment portions (15, 16) of the two channel course (17, 18) together constituting a 180° segment, the directiona change between inlet and outlet being determined by the rati between the peripheral lengths of the two segment portions (15, 16).

4. A basin structure according to claim 3, CHARACTERIZE IN that the inlet and outlet segments (11, 12 resp. 13, 14) fo each channel course (17 resp. 18) are arranged for connection t inlet and outlet pipes (21, 23 resp. 22, 24), respectively, o a respective main drainage pipe, the two main drainage pipe lying at the same level. 5. A basin structure according to claim 2 and 3, CHARACTE¬ RIZED IN that the inlet segments (31, 32) of the two channel courses (37, 38) are arranged for connection to respective inlet ends of substantially parallelly extending branch pipes (41, 42),

5 whereas each of the outlet segments (33, 34) has an outlet in the form of a bottom opening (43 resp. 44) for connection to an associated channel course in an underlying channel section.

6. A basin structure according to claim 1 or 2, CHARACTE¬ RIZED IN that one channel course (76) is formed from a blind ιo segment (74) which has no inlet or outlet for pipes, and which is with or without a bottom (81), whereas the other channel course (75) is formed from an inlet segment (71), an outlet segment (72) and an intermediate segment portion (73) having a suitable sector extension for the desired directional change is between the inlet and the outlet.

7. A basin structure according to claim 6, CHARACTERIZED IN that the intermediate segment portion (73) includes one or more additional, preferably equal inlet segments (82, 83) for the connection of an associated pipe (84 resp. 85).

20 8. A basin structure according to any of the claims 1-4 or 6, CHARACTERIZED IN that the channel course (17 resp. 18; 37 resp. 38; 75) in the intermediate segment portion (15 resp. 16; 35 resp. 36; 73) has a fixed curvature and a fixed essentially oviform bottom cross-section, whereas the inlet segments (11, 12;

25 31, 32; 71) and possibly the outlet segments (13, 14; 72) have a variable curvature and a bottom cross-section having a transition from an oviform bottom cross-section to a circular cross-section adapted to the pipe dimension in question.

9. A basin structure according to claim 6 or 7, CHARACTE- 3o RiZED IN that it comprises two channel sections (70, 70') assembled on top of each other and arranged for connection of various types of drainage pipes (79, 80, 84, 85; 79', 80', 84', 85'), the blind segment (74 or 74') in the upper section (70 or 70' ) having an open bottom for connection to the lowermost 35 channel section (75' or 75).

10. A basin structure according to any of the claims 2-9, CHARACTERIZED IN that it comprises an upper basin section (50) for water pipe fittings (58), the upper section (50) forming a lid for the underlying channel section or sections (10, 30) and in its bottom having a hatch (53) and/or a grating (54) for access to underlying channel courses (17, 18 or 37, 38).