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WO1991011697A1 - Dispositif pour la mesure de proprietes de refraction de systemes optiques - Google Patents

Dispositif pour la mesure de proprietes de refraction de systemes optiques Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1991011697A1
WO1991011697A1 PCT/DE1991/000093 DE9100093W WO9111697A1 WO 1991011697 A1 WO1991011697 A1 WO 1991011697A1 DE 9100093 W DE9100093 W DE 9100093W WO 9111697 A1 WO9111697 A1 WO 9111697A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
holes
optical system
light
measuring
measured
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE1991/000093
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Karl-Heinz Wilms
Adolf Triller
Original Assignee
G. Rodenstock Instrumente Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19904003144 external-priority patent/DE4003144A1/de
Application filed by G. Rodenstock Instrumente Gmbh filed Critical G. Rodenstock Instrumente Gmbh
Publication of WO1991011697A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991011697A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
    • G01M11/02—Testing optical properties
    • G01M11/0228—Testing optical properties by measuring refractive power
    • G01M11/0235—Testing optical properties by measuring refractive power by measuring multiple properties of lenses, automatic lens meters

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for measuring the refraction properties of optical systems and, in particular, of spectacle lenses or contact lenses, in which projection optics light beams over the optical system to be measured and a field diaphragm that are in the immediate vicinity of the optical system or in an optical system System conjugate plane and has at least two holes as a measuring figure, projected onto a detector arrangement, from the output signal of which an evaluation unit determines the refraction properties of the optical system to be measured,
  • Such facilities are among others used for the automatic measurement of the refractive index, the cylinder effect and the cylinder axis of spectacle lenses or contact lenses and are also known under the name "apex refractive index meter”.
  • a known automatic apex refractive index meter which is used in the formulation of the preamble of patent claim 1, is known, for example, from DE 25 08 611 C2.
  • Another known automatic vertex refractive index of a slightly different type is the "Auto-Lens eter Topcon CL-1000".
  • the light from a real light source is transferred via a collimator lens system into a "bundle of light coming from the infinite" which strikes the spectacle lens, whose spherical refractive index and, if appropriate, its cylinder action and cylinder axis are to be determined.
  • a dot, line or grid mask is arranged in the plane of the spectacle lens to be measured or the contact lens or in a plane conjugate thereto. "After" the mask are two mutually perpendicular sensor lines, which measure the light distribution in two directions, which results from the fact that the quasi-parallel light of the collimator passes over the spectacle lens to be measured and the line or grid mask is projected onto the two sensor lines.
  • the spacing of the individual grating lines is influenced by the refraction properties of the object to be measured, that is to say, for example, the spectacle lens, so that the optical data of the spectacle lens, such as spherical refractive index and, if appropriate, cylinder action and cylinder axis, are determined by measuring the light distribution on the individual sensor lines can.
  • the projected lines run obliquely to the individual lines of the detector arrangement. This grazing position of the projected grating lines on the detector arrangement, which moreover changes from spectacle lens to spectacle lens depending on its optical data, results in a comparatively large error in the determination of the distance between the projected grating lines and thus in the calculation the optical data.
  • the known devices for measuring the refraction properties are essentially intended to determine the spherical refractive index of one- or two-strength glasses.
  • the device known from DE-OS 36 29 676 for measuring the refractive properties of spectacle lenses can also be used to determine the so-called near-peak refractive index.
  • the known devices for measuring the refraction properties are in practice not suitable for measuring small optical systems with high refractive indices, such as contact lenses.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a device for measuring refraction properties of optical systems with a fixed detector arrangement, in which a precise determination of the refraction properties of the optical systems to be measured is possible.
  • the device according to the invention for measuring the refraction properties of optical systems should be able to be designed such that even more complicated optical systems, such as aspherical optical systems and in particular progressive glasses or contact lenses, can be measured.
  • the invention is based on the basic idea of not using a parallel light beam as in the prior art, for example according to DE 25 08 611 C2 or DE 29 34 263 B2, but at least one beam with a "linear or straight line "Cross-section, ie to project a light beam, which emanates from a linear gap in the vicinity of a collimator lens system, via the optical system to be measured and the field diaphragm onto the detector arrangement.
  • the field diaphragm has at least one row of holes.
  • a row of holes is understood to mean an arrangement of holes which are arranged along a straight or curved line.
  • the connecting line of the holes arranged along a straight line also referred to as the longitudinal axis) or the “middle line through the hole arrangement” includes an angle with the “straight line” beam.
  • the individual holes in the row of holes thus act as "pinhole cameras", through which an image of the beam with a rectilinear cross section is projected onto the associated sensor line.
  • the individual line images on the sensor line are thus rotated by a maximum of a few angular degrees due to the optical properties (refraction properties) of the optical system to be measured; the optical properties of the system to be measured thus influence practically only the distance between the individual projected line images.
  • a beam with a linear or rectilinear cross section and accordingly a "line image” is understood to mean a beam or an image in which the dimensions in one direction are substantially larger than the dimensions in the direction perpendicular thereto.
  • the dimensions in the "direction transverse to the line length" need not be “infinitely small”, but only so small that a sufficiently precise determination of the position of the projected beam on the sensor line is possible. If the sensor is able to determine focal points of light spots, the “projected line” can be comparatively wide.
  • the row of holes used according to the invention consists of two holes.
  • the use of more holes, for example three or more, preferably seven holes enables the optical properties of the system to be measured to be determined redundantly or to be centered over several determined line spacings, and thus the accuracy increase the measurement.
  • the longitudinal axis of the beam bundle includes a 90 ° angle with the row or rows of holes assigned to it and the associated detector row; as a result, the line images lie perpendicular to the axis of the respective sensor line, so that their position can be determined precisely.
  • the longitudinal axes of the two beam bundles form an angle of 90 ° both with one another and with the connecting straight line of the assigned row of holes in the field diaphragm and the longitudinal axis of the assigned detector line (Claim 4).
  • the two rectilinear light beams required to measure the cylinder effects and prismatic displacements of an optical system are projected alternately in time in a multiplex process. If the time sequence is sufficiently fast, the projection lines appear on the sensor field almost simultaneously and can be evaluated together. It is particularly advantageous if the light paths of the individual light beams are spatially separated from one another and are projected onto separate sensor planes after passing through the same area of the measurement object. This considerably simplifies the evaluation of the line fields generated by the separate light beams.
  • the holes in the two diaphragms are arranged, for example, on arcs. According to claim 12 the desired holes sequences are opened by means of a suitable rotating disc sector at the right 'time or covered. The different light paths are released by a sector mirror.
  • the device according to the invention has the advantage that by using linear light bundles as radiation sources on the sensor level, line images are generated, from whose distances the optical properties of the system to be measured can be determined. Since the measuring lens affects practically only the distance between the projected line pictures and their position rotates at most a few degrees, the measurement is carried out solution by simple distance determinations. The two-dimensional detection of the measuring point coordinates required in known systems is eliminated.
  • the device according to the invention thus enables the refraction properties of optical systems to be determined particularly easily and quickly and can be used in particular by the optician to determine the refractive power of spectacle lenses.
  • Another advantage of the device according to the invention is that the hole arrangement in the field diaphragm only has to have small dimensions, so that the device is also suitable for measuring multifocal glasses and contact lenses.
  • the glass support for the spectacle lens to be measured is designed to be pivotable, so that the optical properties of additional parts, for example of seam parts can be measured.
  • further systems can be provided in the beam path, around the beam or beams with a rectilinear cross-section once "from infinity" for the determination of the long-distance refractive index and once from a "finite distance" for determining the near-end refractive index to project.
  • the invention is based on the basic consideration that it is relatively easy to determine the so-called far viewpoint in the case of an unknown progressive glass. Marked for this the ophthalmologist or optician determines the pupil position on the left or right glass. A measurement of the peak refractive index in this area yields the effective refractive index, if not perhaps the one specified by the manufacturer.
  • the evaluation unit therefore determines the displacement of the glass from the changes in the prism components and the refraction values measured at a specific location.
  • This embodiment according to the invention makes it possible, in particular, to indicate on a display unit, for example a monitor, whether a lateral displacement, ie a direction perpendicular to the progression, also occurs when the spectacle lens is displaced along the progression channel.
  • a combined switching device can be present which, in a known manner, initially contains two buttons in the contact strip of the device, which are actuated when the spectacles or the spectacle rim are put on, so that the evaluation unit recognizes whether a " right or left "glass should or will be measured.
  • the combined switching device (claim 15) in that it enables the switchover to the desired form of glasses by means of an additional switch on the front of the device.
  • the selected type of plant is z. B. a symbol, consisting of system bar and stylized Brillenfas ⁇ solution, shown on a display device, such as a screen.
  • the evaluation unit is able to determine the distance through the so-called progression channel of a sliding lens and the so-called internal concentration, ie the shift in the direction of the nose to pretend correctly.
  • the evaluation unit can thus give the operator a signal that they now have to shift the eyeglass lens typically 2 to 3 mm nasally.
  • the features specified in claim 16 make it possible to determine the vertex refractive indices of optical systems with exceptional optical properties and, in particular, also to measure contact lenses and intraocular lenses. Since contact lenses often have aspherical and in particular elliptical matching surfaces, the evaluation unit takes into account any asphericalities when calculating the refraction properties.
  • the vertex refractive index means the paraxial vertex refractive index for a certain wavelength.
  • the monochromatic (spherical) aberration is very small in spectacle lenses, no further reference is made to this in standardization. In the case of contact lenses, however, the monochromatic aberration is considerably greater as a result of the strong deflection in order to adapt to the cornea. For this reason, a distinction is made in DIN 58233, T2 between the paraxial power S '- which is not of interest in practice - and the "use" power S *, which is used when measuring with conventional power refractive indexes (Ein ⁇ view and pro ection SBM).
  • the magnitude of the increased aberrations can e.g. for contact lenses with apex refractive indices between plus and minus 15 dpt
  • the position of the threshold when scanning the signals must be relocated (raised) in order to avoid the signal sediment (noise).
  • this is achieved by exchanging the glass cover for spectacle lenses for one for the special systems.
  • a signal thus triggered on sensors in the receptacle of the glass support addresses the special area of the evaluation unit, as a result of which selection buttons on the front of the device are activated and switchover to very specific correction areas of the evaluation unit.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic, three-dimensional representation of a device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3 shows a schematic representation of a device according to the invention with spatial separation of the light path of two rectilinear light beams
  • Fig. 4 shows the arrangement of the holes on an aperture for a Device with separate light beams
  • 6a shows the course of a parallel beam path behind a converging lens
  • Fig. 7 shows the relationships in a toric effect
  • Fig. 1 shows schematically the basic structure of a device according to the invention.
  • the light from a light source 1, preferably a halogen lamp, is transmitted through a collimator 2, which is shown as a single lens in the schematic representation in FIG. 1, via an optical system L to be measured, for example a lens or a spectacle lens, and a field stop . 17, which is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the optical system L or in a plane conjugate to the optical system L, is projected onto a detector plane 21.
  • a light source 1 preferably a halogen lamp
  • a diaphragm 8 is arranged in the focal plane of the collimator 2 and, in the exemplary embodiment shown, has the shape of a split cross, so that it has a horizontal and a vertical light bundle 32 with a straight line (not shown in FIG. 1 for the sake of clarity) Cross section created, both of which seem to emanate from an infinitely located slit-shaped light source and both intersect the optical axis.
  • a field lens is designated, which is arranged adjacent to the diaphragm 8.
  • the field diaphragm 17, which is attached in FIG. 1 in the immediate vicinity of the lens L, has two pairs of parallel rows of holes a, b, c and d which, in the exemplary embodiment shown, each consist of three holes which are composed of one another extend in the x direction or in the y direction.
  • each aperture hole acts as a pinhole camera and images the slit-shaped light source as lines -.-. A- and b -... b 3 on the sensor level 21.
  • Cellular sensors 21 and 21, for example CCD line sensors (Charge Coupled Device) are arranged on the sensor plane 21 in the x direction and in the y direction, of which only the sensor arranged in the ir x direction is shown in FIG. 1 and which allow the distance between the lines to be determined.
  • An evaluation unit determines the refraction properties of the optical system to be measured from the distance between the lines. This will be briefly explained in the following:
  • 2a shows the images that arise during the measurement of a spherical measurement object L on a sensor line 21 or 21.
  • the line images produced by the two corresponding rows of holes a and b or c and d flow into one another.
  • the refractive power of the measurement object L can be calculated from the (known) distance between the end holes and the distance between the lines P.
  • 2b shows the line images which are caused by a cylindrical lens L, the cylinder axis of which includes an angle # 0 ° and # 90 ° with the x and y direction.
  • the lines are a-, a 2 , -> and b ,. . , b., the corresponding rows of holes a and b of the diaphragm 17 shifted against each other.
  • the distance between the lines and the displacement of the lines ⁇ represent a measure of the optical properties of the measurement object, ie of the spherical effect and the cylinder effect.
  • a further measurement with that not shown in FIG. 1 must be carried out.
  • horizontal light beams and the corresponding, arranged in the vertical row holes of the rows of holes c and d in the aperture 17 are made. These values are recorded with the line sensor 21 in the vertical direction.
  • FIG 3 shows an embodiment of the device according to the invention in which the light paths of the two rectilinear light beams are spatially separated in order to avoid overexposure and the measurement is carried out using a multiplex method.
  • the light from the radiation source 1 is again projected by the condenser 2 to a field line 3 'densor Structure the con- on the entrance surface of a fiber rod 4 depicts.
  • the light emerging from the fiber rod 4 strikes a rotating sector mirror 6.
  • the sector mirror 6, which consists of a half mirrored glass pane, alternately releases the light paths x and y.
  • the two light paths are brought together with the aid of deflecting mirrors 9x and 9y and a beam splitting cube 10 in front of the measurement object L, for example an eyeglass lens.
  • a slit diaphragm 8x and 8y is arranged behind field lenses 7x and 7y in the focal plane of the collimator 11. Seen from a support 12 for the measurement object L, the slits of the slit diaphragms 8x and 8y appear as two perpendicular radiation sources which are perpendicular to one another and which are infinite.
  • a filter 13 limits the spectral range to a predeterminable range of values.
  • a deflecting mirror 14 directs the light beams onto a lens 15, which images the plane of the measurement object L onto the plane of the diaphragms 17x and 17y.
  • the perforated diaphragms 17x and 17y are arranged in a plane conjugate to the measurement object L.
  • the division prism 16 (Köster prism) provides for the renewed spatial separation of the light beams which are perpendicular to one another. After passing through the diaphragm 17x and 17y, the separate light beams hit two prisms 18x and 18y, which ensure that the line images imaged on the sensor levels 21x and 21y hit the central areas of the line sensors in the absence of the measurement object L.
  • the position of the line sensor 21x is shown in FIG.
  • the diaphragm holes a '-, a' 2 and a ' 3 and b', b ' 2 and b' 3 are arranged on arcs symmetrically around the optical axis.
  • the aperture 17y corresponds to the aperture 17x, but is rotated by 90 °.
  • the corresponding aperture holes are exposed or covered by the rotating sector disk 19.
  • the rotation of the sector mirror 6 to release the respective light bundle and the opening of the corresponding aperture holes through the sector disk 19 are synchronized with the aid of a light beam switch or with Hall sensors.
  • a typical duration of a complete cycle is approximately 60 ms.
  • each aperture hole designs a line image
  • six "light lines” strike each line sensor, which are shown for the sensor 21x in FIG.
  • the lines a .., a ... correspond to the aperture holes 1, 2, etc. of the row a.
  • the distances such as Ix, ⁇ 13 , ⁇ 2 USW. are dependent on the refractive index and on the position and size of the cylindrical values of the test object.
  • the distance P of the center point M from the origin of the coordinate is directly proportional to the prismatic effect of the measurement object L and thus, for example, to the decentration of a spherical single-lens.
  • the evaluation unit (not shown), which can have a microcomputer circuit, for example, calculates the optical properties of the measurement object L from the measured distances.
  • 6b shows the components of the prismatic effect of a spherical glass in an x, y coordinate system, the origin of which lies in the optical center of the glass. Is the measuring point z. B. at point B, the path components xb, yb of the decentering result in a simple manner from the measured prism components Px, Py and the vertex power S 'of the glass. If a prism is superimposed on the glass, the optical center can of course also lie outside the glass edge. What is of interest here is not so much the position of the optical center but the fact that the relationships between prism ma P, vertex refractive index S 1 and radiation penetration point B are linear.
  • the relative path coordinates of a displacement of the measuring point B can thus be calculated from the changes in the prism components and the peak power.
  • a toric glass is characterized by the dependence of the apex refractive index on the azimuthal direction, the difference between the extreme values S'u and S'v is referred to as the "cylinder effect".
  • the coordinates xb, yb of the decentered point B are first to be calculated from the measured values of the prism Px, Py, the "main cutting values" S'u, S'v and the azimuthal orientation "axis" ⁇ .
  • the path s between the penetration points B1 and B2 (FIG. 8a) can thus be easily calculated from the differences xb2-xbl, yb2-ybl, but the glass must not be twisted.
  • the above derivations apply to spherical or toric glasses.
  • the values S'u, S'v and the axis ⁇ are a function of the piercing point B (xb, yb ).
  • the coordinates of the path determination refer to the fixed coordinate system of the device, not to that of the glass.
  • the near reference point can also be determined using a customary so-called tabo degree arc scheme based on the prism components measured at each point and the refractive values measured at each point. This determination can serve to check the determination of the near reference point on the basis of the measured refractive values.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Testing Of Optical Devices Or Fibers (AREA)
  • Eye Examination Apparatus (AREA)
  • Eyeglasses (AREA)

Abstract

Il est décrit un dispositif servant à la mesure de propriétés de réfraction de systèmes optiques, notamment de verres de lunettes ou de lentilles de contact, dans lequel une optique de projection projette un faisceau lumineux à travers le système optique à mesurer et un diaphragme de champ disposé à proximité immédiate du système optique ou dans un plan conjugué au système optique, et présentant au moins deux trous comme figure de mesure, sur un dispositif détecteur à partir duquel un signal de sortie est envoyé dans une unité d'évaluation déterminant les propriétés de réfraction du système optique à mesurer. Le dispositif selon l'invention est caractérisé en ce que l'optique de projection est conformée de telle façon qu'elle projette au moins un faisceau lumineux de section rectiligne, contenant les rayons lumineux coupant l'axe optique du système, et dont l'axe longitudinal forme avec la droite reliant au moins les deux trous dans le diaphragme de champ, un angle différent de 0°, et en ce que le dispositif détecteur présente au moins une ligne détectrice dont l'axe longitudinal forme, avec l'axe longitudinal du faisceau lumineaux à section rectiligne, un angle différent de 0°.
PCT/DE1991/000093 1990-02-02 1991-02-01 Dispositif pour la mesure de proprietes de refraction de systemes optiques WO1991011697A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19904003144 DE4003144A1 (de) 1990-02-02 1990-02-02 Einrichtung zum messen von refraktionseigenschaften optischer systeme
DEP4003144.6 1990-02-02
DE19904011992 DE4011992A1 (de) 1990-02-02 1990-04-12 Einrichtung zum messen von refraktionseigenschaften optischer systeme mit aussergewoehnlichen eigenschaften
DEP4011992.0 1990-04-12

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1991011697A1 true WO1991011697A1 (fr) 1991-08-08

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PCT/DE1991/000093 WO1991011697A1 (fr) 1990-02-02 1991-02-01 Dispositif pour la mesure de proprietes de refraction de systemes optiques

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DE (1) DE4011992A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1991011697A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0704046A4 (fr) * 1992-07-17 1995-12-01 Humphrey Instruments Inc Fronto-focometre a deplacement guide de la lentille pour les lentilles progressives

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6088089A (en) * 1996-06-28 2000-07-11 G. Rodenstock Instruments Gmbh Process and device for measuring the optical properties of spectacle lenses by means of an optical detector of engravings in the spectacle lenses
DE10149592A1 (de) * 2001-10-08 2003-04-17 Pro Laser Weco Gmbh Verfahren zur Messung der Brechwerte von Brillengläsern und Scheitelbrechwert-Meßgerät

Citations (3)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4641961A (en) * 1982-08-06 1987-02-10 Nippon Kogaku K. K. Apparatus for measuring the optical characteristics of an optical system to be examined
US4779979A (en) * 1986-11-20 1988-10-25 Nippon Kogaku K. K. Automatic lens meter
US4826315A (en) * 1985-06-14 1989-05-02 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Lens meter

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4641961A (en) * 1982-08-06 1987-02-10 Nippon Kogaku K. K. Apparatus for measuring the optical characteristics of an optical system to be examined
US4826315A (en) * 1985-06-14 1989-05-02 Canon Kabushiki Kaisha Lens meter
US4779979A (en) * 1986-11-20 1988-10-25 Nippon Kogaku K. K. Automatic lens meter

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
Patent Abstracts of Japan, Band 10, Nr 72, P438, Zusammenfassung von JP 60-210735, publ 1985-10-23 *
Patent Abstracts of Japan, Band 9, Nr 314, P412, Zusammenfassung von JP 60-143737, publ 1985-07-30 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0704046A4 (fr) * 1992-07-17 1995-12-01 Humphrey Instruments Inc Fronto-focometre a deplacement guide de la lentille pour les lentilles progressives

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DE4011992A1 (de) 1991-10-17

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