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WO1991005524A1 - Prothese de valvule du c×ur - Google Patents

Prothese de valvule du c×ur Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1991005524A1
WO1991005524A1 PCT/US1990/005763 US9005763W WO9105524A1 WO 1991005524 A1 WO1991005524 A1 WO 1991005524A1 US 9005763 W US9005763 W US 9005763W WO 9105524 A1 WO9105524 A1 WO 9105524A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
leaflet
valve body
downstream
leaflets
pivot
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US1990/005763
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jack Chester Bokros
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Medtronic Carbon Implants Inc
Original Assignee
Carbon Implants Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US07/419,288 external-priority patent/US5116367A/en
Priority claimed from US07/585,246 external-priority patent/US5123920A/en
Application filed by Carbon Implants Inc filed Critical Carbon Implants Inc
Publication of WO1991005524A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991005524A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/24—Heart valves ; Vascular valves, e.g. venous valves; Heart implants, e.g. passive devices for improving the function of the native valve or the heart muscle; Transmyocardial revascularisation [TMR] devices; Valves implantable in the body
    • A61F2/2403—Heart valves ; Vascular valves, e.g. venous valves; Heart implants, e.g. passive devices for improving the function of the native valve or the heart muscle; Transmyocardial revascularisation [TMR] devices; Valves implantable in the body with pivoting rigid closure members

Definitions

  • the present invention pertains to heart valve prostheses and in particular, to prosthetic heart valves using pivotable valve members, including bi-leaflet valves.
  • Heart valve prostheses have been developed which operate hemodynamically as a result of the pumping action of the heart.
  • types of heart valves which have been developed are valves having single occluders which pivot along an eccentric axis to open and close the heart valves, such as that described in U.S. Patents Nos. 4,011,601, 4,423,525 and 4,425,670, and bi-leaflet heart valves, such as those described in U.S. Patents Nos. 4,484,365 and 4,535,484.
  • the above-mentioned patents illustrate various arrangements for pivotally connecting the valve members or occluders to a valve body and disclose occluders of a variety of shapes.
  • most of these designs have never become commercial because of some shortcoming, and the need continues for improved prosthetic heart valves for permanent implantation into the human heart.
  • a prosthetic valve In its open position, a prosthetic valve should provide a passageway which is large and which has good flow characteristics so that blood flows freely therethrough without adverse boundary layer separation and with a minimum of drag.
  • the heart valve should be rapidly responsive to blood flow to quickly open during the pumping stroke of the heart and to close quickly when the heart relaxes to prevent substantial regurgitation of the blood.
  • the opening and closing of the valve should be sufficiently soft so that the patient is not disturbed by the sounds produced.
  • the heart valve should be made of biocompatible and thromboresistant materials, such as pyrolytic carbon which is preferred, and in this regard, it is important that all surfaces be well washed by blood to prevent stagnation which might lead to eventual clotting. Furthermore, the action of the valve should be such that it does not cause hemolysis (breaking of blood cells) .
  • Heart valves must be constructed to withstand countless numbers of openings and closings, and wear of the interacting heart valve components thus becomes important. Avoidance of excessive wear at the points which define the pivot axes of the heart valve occluders is of particular importance, and U.S. Patent No. 4,443,894, issued April 24, 1984, addressed this problem.
  • the mounting arrangement was designed so that, in moving toward the closed position, each spherical sector which defined the pivot axis initially moved to the end of a dogleg slot; then, as a part of the seating of the arcuate edges of the leaflets against a sealing lip or seat 26, the spherical sectors are withdrawn slightly from the dead end position.
  • the present invention provides heart valves, particularly valves of a bi-leaflet design, having the aforementioned desirable characteristics wherein a mounting arrangement is provided between the valve body and a pivoting occluder where there is sliding engagement between the pivoting occluder and an open-position stop that cushions the final movement of the occluder to thereby soften its arrival at the full-open position and, at the same time, break contact between the interengaging components that define the axis of pivotal rotation.
  • This arrangement is considered to be particularly useful in combination with an interengaging pivot arrangement for a pair of leaflets wherein projections extending from the interior wall of the annular valve body are formed with upstream and downstream flat surfaces and wherein the leaflets have notches formed with correspondingly disposed flat surfaces that lie in juxtaposition to the projection flat surfaces in the open position.
  • One result of such an arrangement is to disengage the upstream flat surfaces just before the leaflets reach their fully open position, thereby reducing wear at this point and cushioning the ultimate movement.
  • this location of the stops is effective to change the stress pattern to which the leaflets are subjected at the instant of final closing and thereby alleviate the potential fatigue of the leaflets in this general region as a result of countless openings and closings.
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a bi-leaflet heart valve embodying various features of the present invention, shown in its open position;
  • FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the heart valve taken along the line 2-2 of FIG. 1, showing the valve in its open position;
  • FIG. 3 is a fragmentary plan view of the bi-leaflet heart valve shown in FIG.l ,showing the valve in an open position;
  • FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a leaflet from the valve shown in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a an enlarged elevational view of the leaflet shown in FIG. 4 showing the downstream or backflow surface;
  • FIG. 6 is a side elevational view of the leaflet of FIG. 4, looking along line 6-6 of FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 7 is an elevational view of a leaflet, taken looking along line 7-7 of FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 8 is an elevational view of a leaflet, taken looking along line 8-8 of FIG. 6;
  • FIG. 9 is an enlarged fragmentary perspective view of the leaflet of FIG. 4, particularly illustrating the notch in the extension of the leaflet;
  • FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the heart valve of FIG. 1 in its closed position
  • FIG. 11 is an enlarged, fragmentary, cross-sectional view showing the mating engagement between a pivot and a leaflet notch with the leaflet approaching its fully open position;
  • FIG. 12 is an enlarged, fragmentary, cross-sectional view similar to FIG. 11 showing the mating engagement between the pivot and the leaflet notch with the leaflet in its fully open position
  • FIG. 13 is a view similar to FIG. 2 of an alternative embodiment of a heart valve embodying various features of the invention, showing the leaflets in the open position
  • FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of the valve shown in FIG. 13 with the leaflets shown in the closed position;
  • FIG. 15 is a perspective view, enlarged in size, of one of the leaflets from the valve depicted in FIGS. 13 and 14.
  • a heart valve, generally designated 10, of bi-leaflet construction is illustrated; however, it should be apparent to one of ordinary skill in this art that the principles of the present invention can be applied to a prosthetic heart valve having a single occluder.
  • Heart valves embodying the present invention exhibit rapid response in both opening and closing, relatively small impact when the leaflets contact the valve body, and substantial avoidance of hemolysis or like injury to blood cells flowing through the valve.
  • the heart valve 10 includes a generally annular valve body 12 and a pair of pivoting valve occluders or leaflets 14, which open and close to control the normal flow of blood in the downstream direction of arrows 18 (see FIG. 2) .
  • Blood flows through passageway 16 which is defined by a generally cylindrical interior surface or sidewall 20 of body 12.
  • the cylindrical surface of sidewall 20 is interrupted by a pair of diametrically opposed flat wall sections 24. Flanking each of these flat wall sections is a pair of abutments 26 which act in combination with a protrusion or ledge 27 to stop the rotation of the leaflets when the leaflets reach fully open position, as illustrated in FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • diametrically opposed projections 42 extend generally perpendicularly from the flat wall sections 24; each projection 42 has a pair of oppositely facing lateral pivots 43.
  • Each pivot 43 has three flat seating surfaces or facets 44a, 44b and 44c, each oriented from the next adjacent facet at an angle of between about 110 ⁇ and about 130°, and preferably approximately 125*.
  • facet 44a is oriented substantially parallel to the axis of blood flow, with the other two facets 44b and 44c lying upstream thereof (see FIG. 11) .
  • the projections 42 have center sections 47 which are recessed so as to minimize the transverse surface area in the path of blood flow through the passageway 16 and inward facing surfaces 50 of the projections 42 are flat and generally parallel to the flat wall section 24 of the valve body.
  • the three seating surfaces 44a, 44b, and 44c are perpendicular to the flat wall section 24 of the valve body and to the parallel flat end portion 50. These pivots matingly engage with notches 53 formed in the leaflets 14.
  • the leaflets 14 each have an upstream or inflow surface 30 and an opposed downstream or outflow surface 32.
  • the rapid response of the leaflets to reversals in the direction of blood flow is attributable in part to the hinge mechanism.
  • the inflow surface 30 of each leaflet has a concave region 70 of two-dimensional curvature resembling a curved sheet.
  • a two-dimensional curved surface is one which is made up of a plurality of straight lines that extend laterally completely across the leaflet arranged to define a curved surface, which lines are all parallel to one another.
  • planes parallel to the pivot axis will cut the two- dimensional inflow surface along straight lines
  • planes perpendicular to the pivot axis will cut the two- dimensional inflow surface along a line having the same curvature regardless of whether the plane is the centerline plane or laterally offset therefrom.
  • the leaflet inflow surfaces 30 include a convex region 72, also of generally two-dimensional curvature, downstream of the concave region 70.
  • the convex region 72 when cut by a plane perpendicular to the pivot axis may exhibit a curvature resembling a paraboloid, an ellipsoid or some other smooth arcuate shape.
  • the various portions of the major leaflet surfaces are blended so as to have smooth transitions from one to another.
  • each leaflet 14 includes a convex surface region that is preferably at least coextensive with the opposing inflow concave region 70 and inflow convex region 72.
  • the leaflets have a maximum thickness where the convex surfaces oppose each other.
  • Each leaflet has a major arcuate peripheral surface 36, which lies in juxtaposition with the valve body sidewall in the closed position.
  • the leaflets 14 have, in addition to the major arcuate peripheral surface 36 which is located at the trailing edge of a fully opened leaflet, a minor flat mating surface 38 that is located at the opposite, leading end of the leaflet.
  • the flat minor surface 38 is oriented to mate or lie in juxtaposition with the corresponding surface of the opposing leaflet. This minor surface 38 is oriented at an obtuse angle with the flat section of the outflow surface 32 of the leaflet 14 which angle is chosen such that the two minor surfaces 38 abut along substantially their entire lengths when the valve is in the closed position.
  • leaflets 14 each include a pair of opposed, lateral surface sections 51 which are interposed between the major arcuate surface 36 and the minor mating surface 38. These lateral surface sections 51 of the leaflets are preferably flat, and the leaflets are proportioned so as to provide a minimal clearance 25 with the flat wall sections 24 of the valve body 12 (See FIG. 3) during pivoting movement of the leaflets 14.
  • extensions 52 which each have an upstream end surface 54, a bottom surface 55, and a downstream end surface 59.
  • the upstream end surface 54 of the extension 52 is formed at an obtuse angle with the flat section of the backflow surface 32 of the leaflet 14 so as to preferably form a continuous, smooth surface with the flat minor mating surface 38.
  • the opposed minor mating surfaces 38 and the extensions 52 provide combined surfaces of substantial thickness which result in several advantages on valve closing. For example, the increased surface area of the mating surfaces 38 distributes forces over a greater area upon contact between mating surfaces, thus reducing stress and wear on the leaflets.
  • Notches 53 are formed in each extension 52 and have two flat or straight surfaces 56 and 57 oriented so as to mate with the facets 44a and 44b, e.g., at an angle of about 125" with respect to each other, and a third, curved surface 58.
  • the first straight surface 57 is substantially parallel and preferably coplanar with the flat section of the inflow surface 32 of the leaflet; the second straight surface 56 is adjacent and on the upstream side thereof (with the leaflet in the open position) .
  • the curved surface 58 is adjacent and on the downstream side of the first straight portion 57, and it extends smoothly therefrom, being preferably tangential thereto.
  • the downstream surfaces 59 of the extensions 52 are oblique in an upstream direction to the flat outflow section of the leaflet 14 being formed at an angle between about 100° and about 120°; they are accordingly at an angle of between about 60" and about 80 ⁇ to the centerline plane through the valve body.
  • the centerline plane is meant the plane which is perpendicular to the flat wall sections 24 and contains the centerline through the valve passageway.
  • the extensions 52 provide additional structural support to the upstream or leading end, otherwise flat, portions 60 of the leaflets 14 which carry the stress of halting leaflet movement, particularly in the open position.
  • the flat leading end portions 60 of the leaflets 14, in the central regions between the extensions 52 have a significantly constant thickness, which is generally significantly less than the downstream thickness, as is apparent from the cross-sectional views of FIGS. 2 and 10.
  • Extensions 52 are preferably formed integral with the leaflets 14 so that the leaflets have an increased thickness at the locations where stresses are encountered.
  • the leaflets 14 are installed in the valve body 12 by squeezing the body at diametrically opposed locations, i.e.
  • the valve body is cut by the reference line 2-2 in FIG. 1.
  • This causes the body to bulge outward at the diametrically opposed flat wall sections 24, thus allowing the leaflets 14 to be fitted into the passageway 16 of the valve body.
  • the extensions 52 of the leaflets fit between the pivots 43 and the abutments 26, with the pivots 43 being received in the notches 53.
  • the squeezing force is then removed allowing the flat wall sections 24 to return to their original spacing.
  • the lateral surfaces 51 and extensions 52 of the leaflets 14 are preferably dimensioned to provide a small clearance 25 with the corresponding adjacent flat wall sections 24 of valve body 12.
  • the notches 53 and the pivots 43 define the pivot axes about which the leaflets slidably and pivotally rotate between open and closed positions. This is discussed further below in relation to the operation of the valve.
  • the leaflets are slidably and pivotally mounted for rotation between closed and open positions, and it is generally preferred that the opening, and particularly the closing, motions of the leaflets be made as rapid as possible.
  • the end points of the termination of movement of the leaflets should be well defined and designed to reduce noise and leaflet wear.
  • the leaflets should not bounce back when contacting seating surfaces defining the end points of their travel, nor should the major peripheral surfaces 36 extend beyond the valve body 12 when in a closed position.
  • FIG. 2 shows the inflow surfaces 30 of leaflets 14 lying generally adjacent the relatively flat, vertically oriented surfaces of the abutments 26 which, along with downstream stops 27, define the extent of opening of the leaflets, thus fixing one end of their travel.
  • the stops 27 extend inwardly from the flat wall sections 24 at locations downstream of the pivot projections; they are positioned so as to engage the oblique surfaces 59 of the extensions as explained hereinafter. Similar to the pivot projections, the centers of the stops 27 are preferably recessed to minimize the transverse surface area exposed to, and impeding, the flow of blood through the passageway 16.
  • the final closed position of the leaflets is defined by the abutting, minor, mating surfaces 38 of the leaflets, and/or the contact between the major, arcuate surfaces 36 and the interior surface or sidewall 20 of the valve body 12 (which may have formed therein a seating region) , and contact along the inclined surface of the abutment 26, likely at edge P (FIG. 10) .
  • the mating flat surfaces 38 do not extend beyond the valve body when the leaflets are in their open position. It is generally desirable to orient the fully open leaflets for minimum obstruction of the downstream flow through the valve body passageway 16.
  • the flat portions 60 of the leaflets 14 are oriented essentially parallel to the direction of blood flow, generally indicated by arrows 18. The leaflets 14 undergo controlled angular displacement between their fully closed and fully open positions.
  • the angle of opening i.e.
  • the angular orientation of the leaflets when in the open position has a value ranging between about 1" and about 20°.
  • this angle of opening of the leaflets is between about 5° and about 20°, and most preferably, is between about 7" and about 13".
  • the term "angle of opening” is defined as the angle between two planes which are both perpendicular to the flat surfaces 24, one of which (see reference character M) longitudinally bisects the minor mating surface 38 and also contains the midpoint of the major arcuate surface 36 and the other of which contains the centerline of the valve body passageway (see reference character L) .
  • the centerline L of the passageway 16 through the valve body 10 lies midway between the pivot axes, and in the fully open position, the outflow surfaces 32 of the leaflets lie facing each other on opposite sides of the centerline £, with the portions of the leaflets 14 within the valve body 12 extending generally parallel to the central axis L.
  • the minor, mating surfaces 38 of the leaflets 14 abut each other, preferably along their entire flat surfaces. No matter which opening angle a is chosen, it is generally preferred that the leaflets 14 are not brought into a generally straight-line relationship when fully closed, in order to avoid a risk of wedging of the leaflets. Instead, the leaflets 14 should have an obtuse angular relation to each other, preferably less than about 150", as shown in FIG. 10.
  • the eccentric location of the pivot axis causes a moment imbalance to develop as a result of the forces bearing against the larger portions of the inflow surfaces 30 that are located generally downstream of the pivot axes.
  • This imbalance causes the leaflets 14 to begin to rotate about the pivots 43 in the direction of valve opening, with their minor mating surfaces 38 moving apart and approaching the abutments 26; contact is between the leaflet notch surfaces 56 and 57 and the pivots 43.
  • the amount of force on the pivots 43 decreases as the leaflets 14 open more widely, due to reduced leaflet surface area generally transverse to the path of the blood flow.
  • the points of contact continuously change between the pivoting notches 53 with the edges B and C of the pivots 43, the effect of which continuous shifting of contact points is discussed in the aforementioned application.
  • the relative proportioning of the notches 53 and the relative spacing between the pivots 43 and the downstream stops 27 which protrude from the interior sidewall of the valve body are such that, as the leaflets approach the fully opened position, there is engagement between the upstream edge D of the stop 27 and the oblique surface 59 of the extension 52.
  • This contact has two effects. First, it cushions the impact between the pivoting leaflet 14 and the downstream stop 27. Second, it effects this cushioning by forcing or lifting the leaflets slightly upstream, breaking contact between the edge C and the surface 56 of the notch, and thus alleviating a point of potential wear. The lifting results in a sliding of the flat notch surface 57 generally along the edge B of the facet 44a. As a result, as can be seen in FIG.
  • the closing movement of the leaflets is stopped upon contact between the minor, mating edge surfaces 38 of the leaflets and/or contact of the major, arcuate surfaces 36 with the interior surface or sidewall 20 of the valve body 12 which may optionally have a seating region formed therein.
  • the inflow surface 30 there is contact between the inflow surface 30 and the edge P on abutment 26, and the leaflets come to rest in the fully closed position (FIG. 10) with the edge P on abutment 26 in contact with the inflow surface 30.
  • Heart valves 10 constructed according to the principles set forth herein provide numerous advantages, particularly from the standpoint of providing a commercially feasible embodiment that responds very quickly to the reversal of flow, yet does not unduly stress the relatively thin leaflets at the moment of impact either at the end of the opening movement or at the end of the closing movement where the propensity of creating a "water hammer" effect is greatly reduced along with the chance of cavitation erosion.
  • FIGS. 1-12 Although the effects and advantages set forth in the foregoing paragraph are particularly true of heart valves having the leaflet construction shown in FIGS. 1-12, substantially all of these advantages can also be obtained through the use of leaflets of simpler design, such as those shown in the alternative embodiment of a heart valve 10• illustrated in FIGS. 13-15.
  • the alternative embodiment utilizes a valve body 12' of precisely the same construction as that described in respect of the valve 10 illustrated in FIGS. 1-12, in combination with a pair of leaflets 14• . When viewed looking at their downstream surfaces 32', the leaflets 14' appear identical to the leaflets 14 shown in FIGS.
  • each inflow surface 30' is concave and has the same curvature as the opposite convex section of the outflow surface 32'. Accordingly, the length and outline of the major peripheral surface 36* is the same as that hereinbefore described. Likewise, the flat minor mating surfaces 38' are also precisely the same as hereinbefore described.
  • the flat sections 60' of the leaflets 14* are essentially the same as their counterparts in the leaflets 14 with the differences being in the downstream curved portions.
  • the extensions 52' each include a notch 53• of precisely the same construction as earlier described, and the downstream oblique surface 59' of each extension, as previously described, will during the final segment of the opening movement engage the edge D of the downstream stops 27*. As a result, the cushioning effect upon the leaflets at the end point of their opening movement occurs as hereinbefore described.
  • the simplified version of the heart valve 10' achieves substantially all of the advantages of the heart valve 10 while it is considerably easier to manufacture because of its substantially uniform thickness and substantially uniform curvature throughout major portions of the leaflets 14'.
  • the present application sets forth the preferred embodiments which constitute the best mode for carrying out the invention, it should be understood that changes and modifications as would be obvious to one having the ordinary skill in this art may be made without departing from the scope of the invention which is defined in the claims appended hereto.
  • the cushioning is effected by engagement between an oblique surface on the leaflet and an edge of the stop, these could be reversed and edges on the leaflets could be positioned to engage oblique surfaces on the downstream stop.
  • the valve body and the leaflets are preferably made of pyrolytic carbon or of isotopic graphite coated with pyrolytic carbon, which provides nonthrombogenic surface characteristics, other suitable materials can be employed to achieve the same mechanical advantages as set forth herein.
  • the preferred embodiment employs a pair of leaflets, the principles of the invention can be incorporated into known heart valves which utilize a single occluder and a downstream stop mechanism of this type.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)

Abstract

Une valvule du c÷ur (10) à deux lames possède un agencement d'articulation amélioré qui permet à la valvule de répondre rapidement à des inversions d'écoulement et de réduire au minimum les battements ou oscillations des feuilles ou lames (14) dans la position ouverte. Une paire de lamelles (14) peuvent coulisser et sont montées pivotantes dans un corps (12) de valvule cardiaque pour se déplacer entre des positions fermée et ouverte. Des crans (53) dans les lamelles (14) s'accouplent avec des surfaces complémentaires ménagées sur des pivots saillants s'étendant vers l'intérieur depuis la paroi latérale (20) du corps de la valvule. Des butées en aval (27) sont en relation d'engagement réciproque avec les surfaces complémentaires sur les lamelles (14) pour amortir le mouvement d'ouverture finale et réduire l'usure dans les zones critiques et améliorer les caractéristiques de fonctionnement.
PCT/US1990/005763 1989-10-10 1990-10-09 Prothese de valvule du c×ur Ceased WO1991005524A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US07/419,288 US5116367A (en) 1989-08-11 1989-10-10 Prosthetic heart valve
US419,288 1989-10-10
US53735290A 1990-06-13 1990-06-13
US537,352 1990-06-13
US585,246 1990-09-19
US07/585,246 US5123920A (en) 1990-06-13 1990-09-19 Prosthetic heart valve

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1991005524A1 true WO1991005524A1 (fr) 1991-05-02

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1990/005763 Ceased WO1991005524A1 (fr) 1989-10-10 1990-10-09 Prothese de valvule du c×ur

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AU (1) AU6601890A (fr)
WO (1) WO1991005524A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996036299A1 (fr) * 1995-05-16 1996-11-21 Medical Carbon Research Institute, L.L.C. Valvule cardiaque prothetique
WO1997005834A1 (fr) * 1995-08-07 1997-02-20 Baxter International Inc. Valvule cardiaque mecanique a double valve dotee d'une configuration de pointe de fleche fendue a charniere

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4159543A (en) * 1975-11-19 1979-07-03 Alain Carpentier Heart valve prosthesis
US4892540A (en) * 1988-04-21 1990-01-09 Sorin Biomedica S.P.A. Two-leaflet prosthetic heart valve

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4159543A (en) * 1975-11-19 1979-07-03 Alain Carpentier Heart valve prosthesis
US4892540A (en) * 1988-04-21 1990-01-09 Sorin Biomedica S.P.A. Two-leaflet prosthetic heart valve

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996036299A1 (fr) * 1995-05-16 1996-11-21 Medical Carbon Research Institute, L.L.C. Valvule cardiaque prothetique
EP1338255A1 (fr) * 1995-05-16 2003-08-27 Valve Special Purpose Co.,LLC. Valvule cardiaque prothétique
WO1997005834A1 (fr) * 1995-08-07 1997-02-20 Baxter International Inc. Valvule cardiaque mecanique a double valve dotee d'une configuration de pointe de fleche fendue a charniere
US5861030A (en) * 1995-08-07 1999-01-19 Baxter International Inc. Bileaflet mechanical heart valve having arrowhead slot hinge configuration

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU6601890A (en) 1991-05-16

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