[go: up one dir, main page]

WO1991003150A1 - Dispositif de commande de decharge constante pour epandeuse d'engrais solide - Google Patents

Dispositif de commande de decharge constante pour epandeuse d'engrais solide Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1991003150A1
WO1991003150A1 PCT/SE1990/000560 SE9000560W WO9103150A1 WO 1991003150 A1 WO1991003150 A1 WO 1991003150A1 SE 9000560 W SE9000560 W SE 9000560W WO 9103150 A1 WO9103150 A1 WO 9103150A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
manure
control device
spreading
hydraulic motor
load
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/SE1990/000560
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Andersson ÖRJAN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
JORDBRUKSTEKNISKA INSTITUTET
Original Assignee
JORDBRUKSTEKNISKA INSTITUTET
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by JORDBRUKSTEKNISKA INSTITUTET filed Critical JORDBRUKSTEKNISKA INSTITUTET
Publication of WO1991003150A1 publication Critical patent/WO1991003150A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C3/00—Treating manure; Manuring
    • A01C3/06—Manure distributors, e.g. dung distributors

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a control device in a compact- manure spreader of the type disposed on a carriage adapted to be attached to a tractor and comprising an end-less conveyor belt provided at the bottom of the carriage, a spreading device adapted to spread compact manure and provided in the open rear portion of the carriage, driving means for the conveyor belt, and driving means for the spreading device.
  • a hydraulic motor is normally used which is connected to the hydraulic system of the tractor, and as the driving means for the spreading device there is normally used a system comprising pulleys and belts and driven from the power take-off of the tractor.
  • the driver may eliminate this inconvenience by changing the driving speed during the final phase of the manure spreading or by manually adjusting an oil valve in the feeding circuit of the hydraulic motor regulating the speed of the conveyor belt. This procedure is uncertain because the driver does not know the time when the change is to be performed or the necessary degree of the changing.
  • the known device also gives rise to the following inconvenience:
  • the driver chooses a suitable engine speed and a suitable gear for the intended manure output, and thereafter activates the power take-off and hydraulic system to cause the driving means of the conveyor belt and the spreading device to start working.
  • the conveyor belt and the manure load start moving in a backward direction towards the spreader device and, normally, it will take 20-30 seconds before the manure is ejected from the spreading device. Due to the bad visibility in a backward direction, in particular on larger spreaders, the driver does not observe when the spreading of the manure starts and thus cannot know how long time to wait prior to starting the equipment. Normally the waiting time amounts to about 20-30 seconds, thus a rather extended time difficult to estimate.
  • the hydraulic motor driving the conveyor belt is to go fast, which reduces the idle time prior to starting whereas during an increase of the load of the spreading device - due to clogging manure - the hydraulic motor and thus the conveyor belt should work more slowly in order to cause the manure to be spread more evenly in the longitudinal direction while the equipment is moving at a constant speed.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective view of a compact manure spreader provided with a control device according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the control device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a basic circuit of the hydraulic system in the control device according to the invention.
  • Figure 4 is a perspective view of a device for electrical sensing of the load of the spreading device
  • Figure 5 is a block diagram showing the functional blocks in which the signal from the sensing device according to Figure 4 is treated prior to finally being used for controlling the adjustment position of a shunt valve forming part of the hydraulic system, and
  • Figure 6 is a diagram showing the spreading of the manure by means of a conventional manure spreader (dashed curve) and by means of manure spreader provided with the control device according to the invention (full line curv ).
  • FIG. 1 there is shown a manure spreader or distributor comprising a carriage 1 having a spreading device 2 for compact or solid manure (not shown) intended to be loaded on the carriage.
  • the bottom of the carriage is an endless conveyor belt 3 comprising transverse ribs.
  • a transverse wall 4 is firmly connected to the conveyor belt and is supported in a substantially vertical position by means of a brace 5.
  • the wall 4 is positioned at the forward side wall of the carraige while the manure is loaded and the purpose of this wall is to advance the manure and to prevent it from shearing.
  • Behind the cover of a box 6 there is positioned the subsequently described control device with the aid of which the purpose of the invention is realized.
  • the power output of the tractor (not shown) is connected to the power input 7 of the carriage for transmission of mechanical power for driving the spreading device.
  • the spreading device comprises a lower roll or rotary rod 8 and an upper roll or rotary rod 9 both provided with projecting arms 10 serving to spread the manure.
  • the rotary rods 8 and 9 of the spreading device are driven by the power output of the tractor via movement transmitting elements (not shown). Both rotary rods 8, 9 rotate in the direction indicated by the curved arrow.
  • the conveyor belt 3 is driven by a hydraulic motor (not shown) connected to the hydraulic system of the tractor via hydraulic conduits (not shown). When the hydraulic motor is activated the endless conveyor belt 3 moves in the direction indicated by the straight arrow at a low speed.
  • a load of manure (not shown) supported by the conveyor belt is accordingly successively moved in a backward direction towards the spreader device 2.
  • the rotary spreader rods 8, 9 throw the manure in a backward direction upwardly and outwardly from the carriage and due to the movement of the conveyor belt the entire manure load has finally been moved towards the spreading device 2 and has been spread-out.
  • the upper rotary rod 9 tends to throw the manure inwardly into the carriage causing the manure to abut against the transverse vertical wall 4 and to be moved again towards the spreading device 2.
  • FIG 2 the control device behind the cover of the box 6 is shown. From the power output of the tractor the spreading device 2 is driven by a belt and pulley system comprising a lower pulley 11 driving the lower rotary rod 8, an upper pulley 12 driving the upper rotary rod 9, a driving pulley 13 connected to the power output of the tractor via the above- mentioned movement-transmitting units (not shown), a not driven, straining pulley 14 biased by springs, and a cone belt 15.
  • a belt and pulley system comprising a lower pulley 11 driving the lower rotary rod 8, an upper pulley 12 driving the upper rotary rod 9, a driving pulley 13 connected to the power output of the tractor via the above- mentioned movement-transmitting units (not shown), a not driven, straining pulley 14 biased by springs, and a cone belt 15.
  • the endless conveyor belt 3 is driven by a hydraulic motor (not shown) positioned below the bottom of the carriage on the chassis of the carriage.
  • the output shaft 16 causes a sprocket 17 non-rotationally mounted on the shaft 16 to rotate at a high speed.
  • the high output speed of rotation is reduced in a gearing device comprising sprockets 18, 19 and 20 and chains 21 and 22.
  • the sprockets 18 and 19 are non-rotatably mounted on a common shaft and the sprocket 20 is non-rotatably mounted on a rotary rod 23 driving the conveyor belt.
  • the arrangement discribed so far is conventionally applied in manure spreaders of this type.
  • the hydraulic motor is of the type having a constant displacement which means that the motor rotates with a certain number of revolutions at a constant volume of the feed flow per unit of time.
  • the speed of the hydraulic motor and thus also the speed of the conveyor belt can be controlled to a certain volume flow, a certain type of manure and a definite driving speed corresponds a definite manure output.
  • a volume- flow controlling valve 25 is used for adjustment of a desired manure output, said valve 25 being varibly adjustable in the feeding circuit of the hydraulic motor.
  • the valve is provided with a control handle 26 for adjusting the volume flow of oil to the hydraulic motor.
  • the control handle has an index marking that runs over a dial 27 on the valve housing.
  • the dial has a number of dial line each corresponding to the amount of the manure output.
  • the rotary movement of the rotary spreading rods 8 and 9 varies depending on the load and its force exerted by the manure on the projecting arms 10 of the rotary rods. This load in turn dependa on the speed at which the conveyor belt is moved, the compactness of the manure etc. According to the invention the load acting on the spreading device is sensed, said load governing the operation of the conveyor belt in order to maintain the rotary movement of the spreading rotary rods 8 and 9 at a constant value to cause a constant amount of manure to be spread per unit of time.
  • the cone belt will be tensioned at the pulley 31 to move the pulley in a downward direction causing the lever 30, 32 to be rotated as a unit in a clockwise direction.
  • the turning movement acts on a plunger 34 in a shunt valve 35 forming part of the feeding circuit of the hydraulic motor.
  • the valve is caused to shunt a portion of the feeding flow passing the hydraulic motor which accordingly will work more slowly, which in turn means that the load on the rotary rods 8, 9 is reduced facilitating the rotation of the projecting arms 10 ( Figure 1) and causing them to spread a reduced amount of manure.
  • the level mechanism 30, 32 When the load on the rotary rods 8, 9 is reduced, the level mechanism 30, 32 will turn in a counter clockwise direction and the plunger 34 will accordingly move in a direction tending to cut down the shunt flow past the hydraulic motor, causing the volume flow through the hydraulic motor to increase and the motor to increase its speed accordingly. In this way the load on the rotary rods 8, 9 of the spreading device may be held at a constant value. It is thus obvious that the units 30-33 form a mechanism for sensing the load of the spreading device. A mechanism for adjusting the sensitivity with which the plunger 34 of the shunt valve 35 is acted upon is provided in the upper end of the second arm 32 of the lever mechanism.
  • This sensitivity adjusting mechanism comprises a tension spring 36, one end of which is attached to the upper end of arm 32 where the other end is attached to a yoke in the form of a metal rod to which a threaded rod 38 is connected by welding at one end thereof.
  • the threaded rod extends through a hole in a holder 39 which is firmly connected to the side piece of the carriage and has the shape of an angle iron.
  • a threaded nut or sleeve 40 provided with an adjusting knob is screwed onto the rod. By turning the adjusting knob it is possible to control the force with which the spring 36 acts upon the lever mechanism.
  • the spring is strongly tensioned, a very heavy tensioning of the cone belt 15 will be required in order to rotate the lever mechanism and thereby act upon the shunt valve.
  • the adjustment of the spring force is read on a graduation scale on a measuring rod 42, one end of which is welded to the yoke 37 and extends through the holder 39 thereby serving as a reference for reading the scale value.
  • the scale on the measuring rod 42 is suitably graduated in steps corresponding to the dial lines on dial 27. If the operating handle 26 is adjusted so that the indicator points at a dial line such as 20 kg/sec. also the adjusting knob 41 shall be rotated to cause the dial line 20 kg/sec. to be adjusted to a position in which the measuring rod 42 passes through the holder 39.
  • Figure 3 schematically shows a hydraulic system for the device according to the invention.
  • Reference numeral 45 designates the hydrualic motor provided on the carriage and driven by the hydraulic system of the tractor.
  • the main feeding conduit to the hydraulic motor 45 is shown by the full-faced line 48.
  • the shunt conduit in which the load- sensing valve 35 is provided has the reference designation 49.
  • a section 50 designated as pilot conduit, is a conduit for adjusting the basic flow to the motor 45, namely the basic flow corresponding to the amount of the desired output.
  • Reference numeral 51 designates a non-return valve.
  • the flow paths are marked for this driving condition by dashed arrows.
  • the motor 45 is fed only by the basic flow through conduit 50.
  • the flow paths for this state of operation are shown by the heavy continuous arrows. It is a function of he pilot conduit to guide a constant oil flow through the volume-controlling valve 25 irrespective of the load on the hydraulic motor 45 and thus the pressure in the hydraulic conduit.
  • Figure 4 shows a modified embodiment of the invention in which the mechanical sensing element shown in Figure 2 is replaced by an electric sensing element for sensing the load on the spreading device, when it comes into contact with the manure load moving in a backward direction on the conveyor belt towards the spreading device.
  • this embodiment comprises an electric control circuit described in detail in Figure 5.
  • a sprocket 52 is used and instead of the cone belt 15 a driving chain is used.
  • the sprocket 52 senses the tension of the driving chain and, for this purpose, is mounted on a block 53 which in turn is anchored on a plate 54 attached by screws to the chassis of the carriages 1.
  • Two stretch indicators 55, 56 are provided on the upper side of the block and another two stretch indicators numbered 57, 58 but not shown, are provided on the opposite side of the block 53.
  • Each stretch indicator is in a conventional way attached in each one branch of a Wheatstone-bridge fed with a stabilized reference voltage. Measures have also been taken for temperature compensation of the output signal of the Wheatstone-bridge in order to achieve that this output signal for a certain bending of the block 53 is always equally large independently of ambient temperature.
  • the circuits for temperature stabilisation and voltage reference are designated 59 whereas the circuits for voltage stabilisation have the designation 60, and the Wheatstone-bridge 61.
  • Figure 5 does not show that the block 59 is actually supplied with voltage from the battery of the tractor.
  • the output signal of the Wheatstone-bridge enters an active filter 62 of low-pass type.
  • the outlet of the filter is attached to the inlet of an amplifier 63 having a number, in the present case 6, of predetermined amplification degrees which are adjustable by means of a rotary switch.
  • an amplifier 63 having a number, in the present case 6, of predetermined amplification degrees which are adjustable by means of a rotary switch.
  • To each degree of amplification corresponds one manure output (expressed in kilograms of manure per second).
  • Each degree of amplification is so calibrated that the zero point lies at +10 V. When the incoming signal to the amplifier is 0 mV the outgoing signal is thus +10 V.
  • the outgoing signal from the amplifier will become, for example, +5 V when the amplification position that corresponds to the highest sensitivi ⁇ ty of the system (maximum degree of amplification) has been chosen, whereas the same incoming signal 1 mV produces an outgoing signal of 7,5 V from the voltage amplifier 63 when the amplification position corresponding to the second to highest sensitivity of the system has been chosen (second to highest amplification position adjusted by means of the rotary switch).
  • the output signal from the voltage amplifier is supplied to a known proportional control circuit, the outlet of which is connected to a solenoid (not shown) in the shunt valve 35 which preferably is of the proportional type.
  • the proportional control circuit 64 is of the type sensing the position of the valve seat of valve 35 and corrects the position of the valve seat in case a deviation from the correct position has taken place.
  • the proportional control circuit 64 is, for example, of the type sold by Bosch under the designation 0811405010.
  • Figure 6 is a diagram showing the longitudinal distribution of the manure spread by means of the manure spreader, which is provided with the control device according to the invention (full-line curve) as well as the longitudinal distribution of manure spread by means of the same manure spreader but without the control device according to the present invention (dashed curve).
  • the above-described preferred embodiments of the invention can be modified in many different ways.
  • the device is not limited to the specific type of horizontal rotary spreading rods.
  • a number of vertically directed rotary spreading rods may be controlled by means of the control device according to the invention.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Fertilizing (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif de commande pour une épandeuse ou un distributeur d'engrais compact/solide. Le dispositif de commande comprend un moyen de détection (30 à 32) destiné à détecter la charge à laquelle le dispositif d'épandage est soumis lorsqu'il est au contact de lacharge d'engrais se déplaçant en arrière vers le dispositif d'épandage, un élément de vanne (35) actionné par ledit moyen de détection afin de maintenir la vitesse de rotation d'un moteur hydraulique entraînant la bande de manutention réciproquement proportionnelle à la charge détectée, afin d'uniformiser l'épandage de l'engrais dans le sens d'entraînement du tracteur. Ledit moyen de détection comprend un mécanisme de levier (30, 32) doté d'une poulie (31) détectant la tension d'une courroie (15) entraînant les barres rotatives d'épandage (8, 9) dudit dispositif d'épandage. Ledit mécanisme de levier agit sur une coulisse (34) de vanne couplant en dérivation une partie du flux de travail par l'intermédiaire d'une dérivation (49) menant au-delà du moteur hydraulique.
PCT/SE1990/000560 1989-09-04 1990-09-03 Dispositif de commande de decharge constante pour epandeuse d'engrais solide Ceased WO1991003150A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8902909-4 1989-09-04
SE8902909A SE464384B (sv) 1989-09-04 1989-09-04 Regleranordning vid en fastgoedselspridare

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1991003150A1 true WO1991003150A1 (fr) 1991-03-21

Family

ID=20376794

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE1990/000560 Ceased WO1991003150A1 (fr) 1989-09-04 1990-09-03 Dispositif de commande de decharge constante pour epandeuse d'engrais solide

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0491776A1 (fr)
SE (1) SE464384B (fr)
WO (1) WO1991003150A1 (fr)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0524454A1 (fr) * 1991-07-20 1993-01-27 Alois Pöttinger Maschinenfabrik GmbH Véhicule autochargeur
EP0551044A1 (fr) * 1992-01-10 1993-07-14 Jeantil S.A. Dispositif de régulation de l'approvisionnement d'un organe rotatif de traitement d'un produit, notamment d'une turbine de désileuse-pailleuse ou de mélangeuse
EP0858729A1 (fr) * 1997-02-18 1998-08-19 Centre National Du Machinisme Agricole, Du Genie Rural, Des Eaux Et Des Forets (Cemagref) Epandeur de matières organisques telles que du fumier ou du lisier
EP0788731A3 (fr) * 1996-02-09 1999-09-22 Claas Saulgau Gmbh Remorque chargeuse comportant un fond mouvant qui peut être entrainé à deux rotations différentes
EP1082891A1 (fr) * 1999-09-11 2001-03-14 Knight Manufacturing Corp. Appareil de décharge pour décharger des matériaux

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4129258A (en) * 1977-01-31 1978-12-12 Du-Al Manufacturing Company Automatic hydraulic series-parallel shift device for implement
US4212428A (en) * 1978-04-05 1980-07-15 Dempster Industries, Inc. Hydraulic power and control system for granular fertilizer spreaders
US4241879A (en) * 1979-02-02 1980-12-30 Sperry Corporation Drive system for a manure spreader

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4129258A (en) * 1977-01-31 1978-12-12 Du-Al Manufacturing Company Automatic hydraulic series-parallel shift device for implement
US4212428A (en) * 1978-04-05 1980-07-15 Dempster Industries, Inc. Hydraulic power and control system for granular fertilizer spreaders
US4241879A (en) * 1979-02-02 1980-12-30 Sperry Corporation Drive system for a manure spreader

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0524454A1 (fr) * 1991-07-20 1993-01-27 Alois Pöttinger Maschinenfabrik GmbH Véhicule autochargeur
EP0551044A1 (fr) * 1992-01-10 1993-07-14 Jeantil S.A. Dispositif de régulation de l'approvisionnement d'un organe rotatif de traitement d'un produit, notamment d'une turbine de désileuse-pailleuse ou de mélangeuse
FR2686169A1 (fr) * 1992-01-10 1993-07-16 Jeantil Sa Dispositif de regulation de l'approvisionnement d'un organe rotatif de traitement d'un produit, notamment d'une turbine de desileuse-pailleuse ou de melangeuse.
EP0788731A3 (fr) * 1996-02-09 1999-09-22 Claas Saulgau Gmbh Remorque chargeuse comportant un fond mouvant qui peut être entrainé à deux rotations différentes
EP0858729A1 (fr) * 1997-02-18 1998-08-19 Centre National Du Machinisme Agricole, Du Genie Rural, Des Eaux Et Des Forets (Cemagref) Epandeur de matières organisques telles que du fumier ou du lisier
FR2759532A1 (fr) * 1997-02-18 1998-08-21 Cemagref Epandeur de matieres organiques telles que du fumier ou du lisier
EP1082891A1 (fr) * 1999-09-11 2001-03-14 Knight Manufacturing Corp. Appareil de décharge pour décharger des matériaux

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0491776A1 (fr) 1992-07-01
SE8902909L (sv) 1991-03-05
SE464384B (sv) 1991-04-22
SE8902909D0 (sv) 1989-09-04

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US4130980A (en) Combine automatic travel control system
EP0655190B1 (fr) Ramasseuse-presse à balles parallélépipédiques comportant un dispositif de régulation de densité
US4122974A (en) Variable speed planter seed drive
US4212428A (en) Hydraulic power and control system for granular fertilizer spreaders
US4422562A (en) Ground control system
US5901535A (en) Feed control device for a harvesting machine method of controlling
US4700895A (en) Hydraulic metering control
US7331168B2 (en) Baler
GB1601272A (en) Equipment for distributing material
WO1991003150A1 (fr) Dispositif de commande de decharge constante pour epandeuse d'engrais solide
GB2055686A (en) Method and an apparatus for controlling the feeding of a bandsaw blade
GB2201432A (en) Feeding device for a sewing machine
PL185553B1 (pl) Urządzenie sterujące regulacją nacisku prasy do belowania
FR2575450A1 (fr) Dispositif de reglage de l'allongement pour matieres en bande a assembler ou reunir par stratification
EP1640512B2 (fr) Système de commande pour un chargeur.
EP0594634B1 (fr) Systeme de commande hydraulique pour pesee et soupape ordinaire destinee audit systeme
US4864746A (en) Apparatus for compensating stop position of bucket
US5760344A (en) Weighing device for bailers
EP0797082B1 (fr) Epandeur avec mesure du poids
DK171854B1 (da) Påbygningscentrifugalspredere, især til kornet kunstgødning
US3294179A (en) Draft control system with independent range and sensitivity adjusting means
DE69010481T2 (de) Einrichtung zum regeln der spannung eines fadens.
US4647243A (en) Twine wrapping mechanism for a large round baler
FR2675011A1 (fr) Epandeur d'engrais et eventuellement d'autres matieres a faible granulometrie.
US3330443A (en) Control for material distributing apparatus

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): CA FI SU US

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB IT LU NL SE

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 1990913561

Country of ref document: EP

WWP Wipo information: published in national office

Ref document number: 1990913561

Country of ref document: EP

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: CA

WWR Wipo information: refused in national office

Ref document number: 1990913561

Country of ref document: EP

WWW Wipo information: withdrawn in national office

Ref document number: 1990913561

Country of ref document: EP