WO1991001980A2 - Verfahren zur herstellung von kunststoffen aus rohen fetten und ölen - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung von kunststoffen aus rohen fetten und ölen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1991001980A2 WO1991001980A2 PCT/EP1990/001259 EP9001259W WO9101980A2 WO 1991001980 A2 WO1991001980 A2 WO 1991001980A2 EP 9001259 W EP9001259 W EP 9001259W WO 9101980 A2 WO9101980 A2 WO 9101980A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- oils
- fats
- acid
- compounds
- plastics
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/02—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule
- C08G59/027—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule obtained by epoxidation of unsaturated precursor, e.g. polymer or monomer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D303/00—Compounds containing three-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D303/02—Compounds containing oxirane rings
- C07D303/38—Compounds containing oxirane rings with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
- C07D303/40—Compounds containing oxirane rings with hydrocarbon radicals, substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals by ester radicals
- C07D303/42—Acyclic compounds having a chain of seven or more carbon atoms, e.g. epoxidised fats
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/36—Hydroxylated esters of higher fatty acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/40—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the curing agents used
- C08G59/50—Amines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G59/00—Polycondensates containing more than one epoxy group per molecule; Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups
- C08G59/18—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing
- C08G59/40—Macromolecules obtained by polymerising compounds containing more than one epoxy group per molecule using curing agents or catalysts which react with the epoxy groups ; e.g. general methods of curing characterised by the curing agents used
- C08G59/62—Alcohols or phenols
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for producing plastic additives and plastics from raw fats and oils.
- Fats and oils are used not only for human nutrition, but also as a starting material for the production of a large number of technically important raw materials. Under certain conditions and to a very limited extent, fats and oils can also be used as the starting material for the production of polymers and plastics.
- Natural fats and oils which contain hydroxy fatty acid triglycerides and their derivatives are particularly suitable for the production of technically usable products, in particular polymers and plastics.
- thermosetting plastics are preferably obtained.
- Suitable for such reactions are, for example, castor oil or hydrogenated castor oil, which can be used directly as triglycerides.
- the scope of this method is severely limited by the number of oils and fats containing hydroxyl groups available.
- a further disadvantage is that the oils and fats have to be cleaned before the reaction in order to free them from disruptive accompanying substances, in particular from undesired coloring components.
- the object of the present invention was therefore to provide a method which is independent of complex and lossy cleaning methods, and with the aid thereof greases and oils with little industrial importance can be made accessible as starting material for the production of plastics and plastic comonomers.
- the present invention accordingly relates to a process for producing plastic comonomers and plastics from fats and oils of unsaturated fatty acids, which is characterized as in claim 1.
- all raw fats and oils in which glycerides of unsaturated fatty acids occur can be used for the process according to the invention.
- fats and oils are expediently used in which the proportion of unsaturated fatty acid residues, based on the total number of fatty acids, is known and is at least 50%. Preference is given here to oils in which the fatty acid residues each have only a single double bond.
- the oil of Euphorbia lathyris and the oils of oleic acid-rich sunflowers, in particular of the "high oleic" type are particularly preferably used.
- the raw fats and oils are obtained by the usual methods, for example by cold or hot pressing with screw or screw presses or by press extractions, and can be used directly after the removal of any solid ingredients, such as wood or plant residues.
- the raw fats and oils are in a suitable solvent such as e.g. Formic acid or acetic acid with performic acids or peracetic acid, advantageously reacted at temperatures between -5 and 80 ° C to oxidized triglycerides.
- a suitable solvent such as e.g. Formic acid or acetic acid with performic acids or peracetic acid
- the reaction takes place according to a mechanism in which the epoxy is initially formed upon reaction of the double bond of the fatty acid residue, which is then cleaved at higher temperatures to form a diol.
- a suitable solvent such as e.g. Formic acid or acetic acid with performic acids or peracetic acid
- the amount of peracids used depends on how strongly unsaturated the starting triglyceride is and what degree of oxidation is desired. Underdosing can be desirable, particularly in the case of highly unsaturated triglycerides, since this can have a targeted influence on the number of oxidized groups. It is advantageous here that the destruction of the accompanying substances always precedes the oxidation of the triglycerides, so that even in the event of partial oxidation of the double formations, no disruptive coloring components remain in the reaction mixture.
- the fats and oils can also be oxidized by dropwise dissolving the triglyceride in acetic acid or formic acid, advantageously in the form of a commercially available 30% solution is added.
- the peric acid is formed by reaction of the solvent with the hydrogen peroxide and then continues to react with the fats and oils to be oxidized.
- the resulting oxidation product can be isolated in high yield as a water-clear or colorless, viscous solution.
- the oxidized triglycerides are thus available in a form in which they can be used directly, i.e. without further purification steps. can only be used after removal of excess peracid, water and solvent.
- crosslinking agents or as comonomers for example in the classic polyester and polyurethane plastic systems - they change the properties of the plastic and are therefore an inexpensive substitute for castor oil, which in its pure form is very expensive and cannot be used as a press oil.
- the diols can be partially replaced by oxidized triglycerides before the reaction with diisocyanates.
- the result is polymers which contain both the diols and the oxidized triglycerides linked via urethane groups.
- the oxidized fats and oils can be transposed directly with bi- or multifunctional compounds which are able to react with hydroxyl groups or epoxy groups. implement annuity polymers and plastics.
- the percentage of triglyceride molecules which do not contain at least one unsaturated fatty acid residue is relatively low. For this reason, most trigylceride molecules contain at least two OH groups when fully oxidized.
- Such oxidized fats and oils react almost completely, including the total mass of the triglycerides. Since the oxidation according to the invention does not in principle lead to cleavage of the unsaturated fatty acids, the total mass of the fats can be converted into polymers, which represents a significant advance over the processes available according to the prior art.
- Bi- or multifunctional compounds which are suitable for reaction with triglycerides containing hydroxyl groups are, for example, di- or polyisocyanates as are known in plastics production. Hexamethylene diisocyanate and methylene diphenylene diisocyanate (MDI) are preferably used.
- MDI methylene diphenylene diisocyanate
- Other suitable bifunctional compounds are dicarboxylic acids and their active derivatives, e.g. Acid chlorides, esters and anhydrides.
- bifunctional compounds which are preferably used are phthalic acid dichloride, adipic acid dichloride, maleic acid dichloride and phosgene.
- the triglycerides are linked to one another either via urethane or via ester bonds.
- Triglycerides containing epoxy groups can be linked together, for example, with diols, diamines and amino alcohols.
- diamines or amino alcohols are primary and secondary aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aliphatic-aromatic and aromatic diamines or amino alcohols, preferably having 2 to 44 carbon atoms. These also include amines from dimeric fatty acids. Between the two amino functions of the diamines, there may be additional structural elements or further functional groups, for example ether groups, diamide groups, amino groups, keto groups or sulfone groups, in the hydrocarbon chain or on the cycloaliphatic or aromatic radical.
- Diamines used with preference are 1,2-diaminoethane, 1,3-diaminopropane, 1,6-diaminohexane, 1,8-diaminooctane, piperazine, diethylenetriamine, 4,7,10-trioxatridecane-l, 13-diamine, 3,3 ' -Diaminodiphenylsulfone, 3,3'-dimethyl-4 r 4 -diaminodicyclohexylmethane and commercially available ether diamines of the formula
- n can be an integer from 1 to about 2000.
- 1,2-Diaminoethane and 1,6-diaminohexane are particularly preferably used.
- Preferred amino alcohols are 2-aminoethanol and 3-aminopropanol.
- Suitable diols for the reaction are primary and secondary aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, aliphatic-aromatic and aromatic diols, preferably having 2 to 44 carbon atoms.
- Glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 2-butyne-1,4-diol, 2-butene-1,4-diol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,10-decanediol, neopentyl glycol are preferably used , N, N-diethylamino-propanediol-2,3 or hydroxypivalic acid neopentyl glycol ester.
- 1,4-Butanediol and 1,10-decanediol are particularly preferred.
- the reaction components are expediently carried out in a temperature range between 20 and 200.degree.
- the catalysts and stabilizers customary in plastics production can be added to the reaction mixture.
- the reaction can take place in solution or in the melt. It is expedient to work under an inert gas atmosphere.
- the plastics obtainable by the process according to the invention are transparent and thermoset. Their properties essentially depend on the type of starting oils and fats, the degree of oxidation and crosslinking, as well as the type of bi- or multifunctional compounds and their molar mixing ratio to the oxidized triglycerides. In general, the general rules of classic polymer chemistry must also be taken into account here.
- the amount of bi- or multifunctional compound is preferably selected so that the proportion of the reactive groups of these compounds, based on the hydroxyl or epoxy groups in the triglyceride, is between 0.5 and 1.5.
- the properties of the plastics can be varied particularly easily, because here the mixing ratio of oxidized triglycerides leading to polymers is to be bi- or multifunctional connection is particularly wide.
- the number of hydroxyl groups also increases the hydrophilicity and adsorptivity, ie the ability of the plastic to attach to other substances such as glass, lacquers and metals.
- the method according to the invention has now made it possible to also make fats and oils accessible for plastic processing which previously could not be used because of their disruptive accompanying substances.
- the present invention enables not only simple but also inexpensive provision of technically useful products and intermediate products.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Fats And Perfumes (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
- Epoxy Compounds (AREA)
- Polyesters Or Polycarbonates (AREA)
- Epoxy Resins (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP3926285.5 | 1989-08-09 | ||
| DE3926285 | 1989-08-09 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1991001980A2 true WO1991001980A2 (de) | 1991-02-21 |
| WO1991001980A3 WO1991001980A3 (de) | 1991-03-21 |
Family
ID=6386786
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/EP1990/001259 Ceased WO1991001980A2 (de) | 1989-08-09 | 1990-08-01 | Verfahren zur herstellung von kunststoffen aus rohen fetten und ölen |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0437592A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JPH04501284A (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2038936A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE4024364A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1991001980A2 (de) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1995011284A3 (de) * | 1993-10-20 | 1995-06-01 | Henkel Kgaa | Bindemittel auf basis fettchemischer reaktionsprodukte |
| WO1997002307A1 (de) * | 1995-07-05 | 1997-01-23 | Preform Gmbh | Polymerwerkstoff, verfahren zu seiner herstellung und dessen verwendung |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE4119295C2 (de) * | 1991-06-12 | 1994-12-01 | Frische Gmbh | Umweltsicherer Verbundwerkstoff aus Naturfasern bzw. -produkten und Kunststoffen des Typs Polyurethan-Polyester und/oder Polyurethan-Polyamid sowie Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung |
| DE19646424A1 (de) | 1996-11-11 | 1998-05-14 | Henkel Kgaa | Verwendung von Polyolen für Isocyanat-Gießharze und -Beschichtungsmassen |
| DE19834048A1 (de) * | 1998-07-30 | 2000-02-03 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Verbundwerkstoffe auf der Basis nachwachsender Rohstoffe |
| EP0992569A1 (de) * | 1998-10-05 | 2000-04-12 | Nederlandse Organisatie Voor Toegepast-Natuurwetenschappelijk Onderzoek Tno | Zusammensetzung zur Konservierung, Schmierung und Grundierung von Metalloberflächen |
| DE10015913A1 (de) * | 1999-04-16 | 2000-10-19 | Henkel Kgaa | Fettchemische Addukte als Tackifier und Bindemittel |
| DE19930770A1 (de) | 1999-07-03 | 2001-01-04 | Cognis Deutschland Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Faserverbundwerkstoffen |
| DE102006003762A1 (de) * | 2006-01-25 | 2007-07-26 | Dracowo Forschungs- Und Entwicklungs Gmbh | Leinölepoxid-basierte Faserverbundwerkstoffe |
| DE102008014558A1 (de) | 2008-03-15 | 2009-09-17 | Dracowo Forschungs- Und Entwicklungs Gmbh | Polycarbonsäure modifizierte native Epoxide |
| DE102010040601A1 (de) | 2009-09-11 | 2011-03-17 | Dracowo Forschungs- Und Entwicklungs Gmbh | Verfahren zur technischen Herstellung von Carbonsäure modifizierten Epoxiden aus nativen Ölen und deren Anwendungen |
Family Cites Families (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2569502A (en) * | 1945-02-07 | 1951-10-02 | Swern Daniel | Epoxidized oils |
| FR1129495A (fr) * | 1954-03-23 | 1957-01-22 | Fmc Corp | Procédé d'époxydation des huiles naturelles non-saturées |
| US3051729A (en) * | 1957-09-10 | 1962-08-28 | Archer Daniels Midland Co | Method of preparing epoxidized oils and the like |
| FR1295619A (fr) * | 1961-05-09 | 1962-06-08 | Swift & Co | Procédé de production d'un prépolymère d'huiles grasses fortement époxydées et de polyamines et prépolymère obtenu par ce procédé |
| FR1335729A (fr) * | 1961-08-22 | 1963-08-23 | Mobay Chemical Corp | Matières plastiques de polyuréthane |
| NL302304A (de) * | 1962-12-20 | 1900-01-01 | British Celanese | |
| DE1645539C3 (de) * | 1965-02-17 | 1973-10-25 | Unilever N.V., Rotterdam (Niederlande) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von wasserverdunnbaren oder emulgier baren Bindemitteln |
| US3843391A (en) * | 1969-11-10 | 1974-10-22 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Process for finishing textiles |
| DE3246612A1 (de) * | 1982-12-16 | 1984-06-20 | Henkel KGaA, 4000 Düsseldorf | Verfahren zur herstellung modifizierter triglyceride mit im mittel epoxid- und hydroxyl- sowie ethergruppen |
| DE3246615A1 (de) * | 1982-12-16 | 1984-06-20 | Henkel KGaA, 4000 Düsseldorf | Alkydharze, enthaltend funktionelle epoxide |
| DE3307421A1 (de) * | 1983-03-03 | 1984-09-06 | Rhein-Chemie Rheinau Gmbh, 6800 Mannheim | Herstellung und verwendung vernetzter, epoxidierter fetter oele |
| DE3320219A1 (de) * | 1983-06-03 | 1984-12-06 | Henkel KGaA, 4000 Düsseldorf | Kontinuierliche, katalytische epoxidation von olefinischen doppelbindungen mit wasserstoffperoxid und ameisensaeure |
-
1990
- 1990-08-01 JP JP2511716A patent/JPH04501284A/ja active Pending
- 1990-08-01 EP EP19900912681 patent/EP0437592A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1990-08-01 DE DE19904024364 patent/DE4024364A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 1990-08-01 CA CA 2038936 patent/CA2038936A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1990-08-01 WO PCT/EP1990/001259 patent/WO1991001980A2/de not_active Ceased
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1995011284A3 (de) * | 1993-10-20 | 1995-06-01 | Henkel Kgaa | Bindemittel auf basis fettchemischer reaktionsprodukte |
| AU688382B2 (en) * | 1993-10-20 | 1998-03-12 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Binders based on fat chemical reaction products |
| WO1997002307A1 (de) * | 1995-07-05 | 1997-01-23 | Preform Gmbh | Polymerwerkstoff, verfahren zu seiner herstellung und dessen verwendung |
| EA000565B1 (ru) * | 1995-07-05 | 1999-12-29 | Преформ Раумглидерунгссистеме Гмбх | Полимерный материал |
| CN1103791C (zh) * | 1995-07-05 | 2003-03-26 | 空间分割系统预成形股份有限公司 | 聚合材料,其制造方法和应用 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE4024364A1 (de) | 1991-02-14 |
| EP0437592A1 (de) | 1991-07-24 |
| WO1991001980A3 (de) | 1991-03-21 |
| JPH04501284A (ja) | 1992-03-05 |
| CA2038936A1 (en) | 1991-02-10 |
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