WO1991000697A1 - Pneumatic small lamina bypass - Google Patents
Pneumatic small lamina bypass Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1991000697A1 WO1991000697A1 PCT/GB1990/001065 GB9001065W WO9100697A1 WO 1991000697 A1 WO1991000697 A1 WO 1991000697A1 GB 9001065 W GB9001065 W GB 9001065W WO 9100697 A1 WO9100697 A1 WO 9100697A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- separator
- air
- screen
- cutter
- conveying
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B9/00—Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
- B07B9/02—Combinations of similar or different apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B5/00—Stripping tobacco; Treatment of stems or ribs
- A24B5/10—Stripping tobacco; Treatment of stems or ribs by crushing the leaves with subsequent separating
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A24—TOBACCO; CIGARS; CIGARETTES; SIMULATED SMOKING DEVICES; SMOKERS' REQUISITES
- A24B—MANUFACTURE OR PREPARATION OF TOBACCO FOR SMOKING OR CHEWING; TOBACCO; SNUFF
- A24B7/00—Cutting tobacco
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B7/00—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents
- B07B7/06—Selective separation of solid materials carried by, or dispersed in, gas currents by impingement against sieves
Definitions
- This invention relates to a pneumatic separator and feed system for the preparation of tobacco for cigarette production.
- the midrib (knov/n as stem) is first separated from the lamina by a threshing process and the two components then processed separately.
- the lamina is the major component comprising typically 80% of the leaf by weight.
- the principle step in the processing of the lamina is to cut it into strands of typically 0.8 mm width and of varying length.
- the stems are also cut into slivers typically 0.15 mm thick to match the thickness of the lamina.
- a tangle of these shreds forms the cigarette filling.
- the specific volume of the shreds and their beam strength determines the firmness of the cigarette.
- Very short strands less than 3-5 mm in length do not contribute to the firmness, but rather detract from it.
- the threshing process for separating the lamina from the stem is a crude process, which severely reduces the size of the lamina particles and the length of the stems.
- a typical sieve analysis of the lamina is:
- pan fraction and some of the over 1/8 inch mesh fraction when cut will produce strands which are less than 3-5 mm long and which do not contribute to the cigarette firmness.
- a disadvantage of using a vibrating sieve is that the screen readily blocks and requires frequent cleaning. Also, because the screen must be rigidly mounted to sustain the vibration, the mesh size cannot easily be changed to suit varying blend requirements.
- An object of the invention is to ⁇ rovide a pneumatic separator and feed system for the preparation of shredded tobacco for supply to a cigarette, maker, in which the number of small cut lamina particles, which do not contribute to the firmness of the cigarette, is reduced.
- a further object of this invention to provide a small lamina cutter bypass in which a separator screen remains clear for long periods, but can also be rapidly changed for cleaning or changing mesh size.
- Another object is to provide a small lamina cutter bypass, which is combined with an air separator for removing heavy foreign particles before the cutter, to protect the cutting knives from damage.
- a pneumatic separator and feed system for the preparation of tobacco for cigarette production, comprising a first separator for separating the material into large and small fractions, a second separator for receiving the small fraction separated by the first separator for separating the small fraction from the air and dust, a first transport means for conveying the large fraction from the second separator to a cutter, and a second transport means for conveying the small fraction, separated from the air and dust, direct to the main bulk of cut tobacco after leaving the cutter thereby bypassing the cutter.
- V7 ' a a bypass duct to join the main flow of tobacco after said main flow has left the cutter.
- a pneumatic separator 10 or "air leg” is a vertical rectangular air duct, with a conveyer 11 feeding the whole lamina flow into an inlet 10b in the long side of the duct.
- the air flow is drawn into the inlet 10c of the duct, and upward, typically 6 m/s, so that lamina is lifted and conveyed, whilst heavy foreign particles such as stones, metal or wood are not lifted and drop into a collection box 12.
- a first separator 13, connected to the outlet of the air leg 10, is of the oblique scoured screen type, which uses a screen 14 to separate the heavy fraction of tobacco from the air, which fraction passes through an air lock 15 to a conveyor 16 feeding the main flow to a cutter (not shown).
- This type is characterised by having a larger component of the air velocity parallel with the screen, which scours the surface and prevents it blinding.
- the separator 13 is in the form of a chamber having a generally triangular vertical section and is defined by front and back walls which are parallel to each other and side walls 13a, 13b, inclined to each other at angle of from between 65-85° and arranged symmetrically about the vertical.
- the side walls 13a, 13b which are set at right angles to the front and back walls, converge from the top, in the manner of a chute, down to an outlet which is matched in size to the inlet of the airlock 15.
- the screen 14 effectively enclosed the top side of the chamber and is set at an angle of from 10 to 15° to the longitudinal axis of the inlet duct 10a.
- a restricting baffle 13d In order to accelerate the air flow as it passes from the duct to the inlet 13c of the chamber there is provided a restricting baffle 13d.
- the generally triangular shape of the chamber and the position of the air entry encourages air circulation, which enhances a scouring action upon the screen surface.
- This separator may be fitted with a fine mash screen to separate as much tobacco as possible from the air. However, by fitting a coarser mesh screen, the small lamina particles will be carried through the screen with the air to a second separator 17; whilst the larger lamina parf cles, comprising the bulk of the material will be discharged via the air lock 15.
- the screen 14 can be wire mesh or perforated sheet (including rasp shape or cheese-grater perforations), and the mesh or perforation size determines the size of particle which can be passed through. This can readily be changed to match blend requirements.
- the second separator 17 is preferably of the tangential type which depends upon centrifugal action to separate the tobacco from the air. It does not necessarily require a screen and will separate all but the finest dust, which is carried over by the air to a dust filter 20.
- the small lamina separated by the previous stage is discharged from the tangential separator 17 via an air lock 18 on to the cutter bypass conveyor 19.
- the second separator may instead be of the screen type in which the screen is finer than the screen of the first separator.
- a cyclone fitted with an air lock, can be used instead of the tangential separator.
- the air from the second separator is passed through the filter 20 to collect the dust and a main fan 21 which provides the air flow for the separator system.
Landscapes
- Manufacturing Of Cigar And Cigarette Tobacco (AREA)
Abstract
A pneumatic separator and feed system for the preparation of tobacco for cigarette production, comprises a first separator (13) for separating the tobacco into large and small fractions, a second separator (17) for receiving the small fraction separated by the first separator for separating the small fraction from the air and dust, a first transport means (16) for conveying the large fraction from the first separator to a cutter, and a second transport means (19) for conveying the small fraction, separated from the air and dust, direct to the main bulk of cut tobacco after leaving the cutter thereby bypassing the cutter.
Description
PNEUMATIC SMALL LAMINA BYPASS
This invention relates to a pneumatic separator and feed system for the preparation of tobacco for cigarette production.
In the processing of tobacco leaf for the manufacture of cigarettes the midrib (knov/n as stem) is first separated from the lamina by a threshing process and the two components then processed separately.
The lamina is the major component comprising typically 80% of the leaf by weight. The principle step in the processing of the lamina is to cut it into strands of typically 0.8 mm width and of varying length. The stems are also cut into slivers typically 0.15 mm thick to match the thickness of the lamina.
A tangle of these shreds forms the cigarette filling. The specific volume of the shreds and their beam strength determines the firmness of the cigarette. Very short strands less than 3-5 mm in length do not contribute to the firmness, but rather detract from it.
The threshing process for separating the lamina from the stem is a crude process, which severely reduces the size of the lamina particles and the length of the stems. A typical sieve analysis of the lamina is:
Over 1 inch Over 1/2 inch Over 1/4 inch Over 1/8 inch Pan (2.54 cm) (1.27 cm) (0.63 cm) (0.32 cm)
63% 19% 10% 5.5% 2.5%
It is clear that the pan fraction and some of the
over 1/8 inch mesh fraction when cut will produce strands which are less than 3-5 mm long and which do not contribute to the cigarette firmness.
It has been found that many of these small lamina particles can in fact contribute to the firmness if they are not cut. To take advantage of this it has become customary in recent years to sieve out the small lamina particles before the cutter, using a vibrating sieve with 3-5 mm mesh screen. These small lamina particles are conveyed past the cutter, without cutting, to rejoin the bulk of cut lamina before drying. See Brown and Williamson GB Patent No. 1,568,629 (Kohnhurst).
A disadvantage of using a vibrating sieve is that the screen readily blocks and requires frequent cleaning. Also, because the screen must be rigidly mounted to sustain the vibration, the mesh size cannot easily be changed to suit varying blend requirements.
An object of the invention is to σrovide a pneumatic separator and feed system for the preparation of shredded tobacco for supply to a cigarette, maker, in which the number of small cut lamina particles, which do not contribute to the firmness of the cigarette, is reduced.
A further object of this invention to provide a small lamina cutter bypass in which a separator screen remains clear for long periods, but can also be rapidly changed for cleaning or changing mesh size.
Another object is to provide a small lamina cutter
bypass, which is combined with an air separator for removing heavy foreign particles before the cutter, to protect the cutting knives from damage.
According to the invention there is provided a pneumatic separator and feed system for the preparation of tobacco for cigarette production, comprising a first separator for separating the material into large and small fractions, a second separator for receiving the small fraction separated by the first separator for separating the small fraction from the air and dust, a first transport means for conveying the large fraction from the second separator to a cutter, and a second transport means for conveying the small fraction, separated from the air and dust, direct to the main bulk of cut tobacco after leaving the cutter thereby bypassing the cutter.
The resulting small particles of tobacco are fed
V7'a a bypass duct to join the main flow of tobacco after said main flow has left the cutter.
An embodiment of the invention will now be described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawing showing schematically a general arrangement.
A pneumatic separator 10 or "air leg" is a vertical rectangular air duct, with a conveyer 11 feeding the whole lamina flow into an inlet 10b in the long side of the duct.
The air flow is drawn into the inlet 10c of the duct, and upward, typically 6 m/s, so that lamina is lifted and conveyed, whilst heavy foreign particles such as stones, metal or wood are not lifted and drop into a collection box 12.
A first separator 13, connected to the outlet of the air leg 10, is of the oblique scoured screen type, which uses a screen 14 to separate the heavy fraction of tobacco from the air, which fraction passes through an air lock 15 to a conveyor 16 feeding the main flow to a cutter (not shown). This type is characterised by having a larger component of the air velocity parallel with the screen, which scours the surface and prevents it blinding. The separator 13 is in the form of a chamber having a generally triangular vertical section and is defined by front and back walls which are parallel to each other and side walls 13a, 13b, inclined to each other at angle of from between 65-85° and arranged symmetrically about the vertical. The side walls 13a, 13b, which are set at right angles to the front and back walls, converge from the top, in the manner of a chute, down to an outlet which is matched in size to the inlet of the airlock 15. The screen 14 effectively enclosed the top side of the chamber and is set at an angle of from 10 to 15° to the longitudinal axis of the inlet duct 10a. In order to accelerate the air flow as it passes from the duct to the inlet 13c of the chamber there is provided a restricting baffle 13d. The generally triangular shape of the chamber
and the position of the air entry encourages air circulation, which enhances a scouring action upon the screen surface.
This separator may be fitted with a fine mash screen to separate as much tobacco as possible from the air. However, by fitting a coarser mesh screen, the small lamina particles will be carried through the screen with the air to a second separator 17; whilst the larger lamina parf cles, comprising the bulk of the material will be discharged via the air lock 15.
The screen 14 can be wire mesh or perforated sheet (including rasp shape or cheese-grater perforations), and the mesh or perforation size determines the size of particle which can be passed through. This can readily be changed to match blend requirements.
The second separator 17 is preferably of the tangential type which depends upon centrifugal action to separate the tobacco from the air. It does not necessarily require a screen and will separate all but the finest dust, which is carried over by the air to a dust filter 20. The small lamina separated by the previous stage is discharged from the tangential separator 17 via an air lock 18 on to the cutter bypass conveyor 19.
The second separator may instead be of the screen type in which the screen is finer than the screen of the first separator.
Alternatively a cyclone, fitted with an air lock, can be used instead of the tangential separator.
The air from the second separator is passed through
the filter 20 to collect the dust and a main fan 21 which provides the air flow for the separator system.
Claims
1. A pneumatic separator and feed system for the preparation of tobacco for cigarette production, comprising a first separator for separating the material into large and small fractions, a second separator for receiving the small fraction separated by the first separator for separating the small fraction from the air and dust, a first transport means for conveying the large fraction from the second separator to a cutter, and a second transport means for conveying the small fraction, separated from the air and dust, direct to the main bulk of cut tobacco after leaving the cutter thereby bypassing the cutter.
2. A system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first separator includes a chamber having an inlet for the flow of air and particulate material to be separated, and a screen set obliquely to the flow of air and material into the chamber v/hereby a major component of the air velocity is parallel with the screen.
3. A system as claimed in claim 2, wherein the chamber of the first separator has walls (13a, 13b) which deflect the air flow in a circulatory manner to pass across the face of the screen (14).
4. A system as claimed in claim 2 or 3, wherein the chamber of the second separator screen (13) has a generally triangular vertical section defined by front and back walls, side walls (13a, 13b) which converge from the top, in the manner of a chute, down to an outlet and said screen which effectively encloses the top side of the chamber.
5. A separator as claimed in claim 2, 3 or 4, wherein said screen (14) is set at an angle of from 10 to 15° to the longitudinal axis of the inlet.
6. A system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a restricting baffle (13d) is provided at the juncture of an inlet duct (10a) and the inlet (13c) of the chamber to cause acceleration of the air flow towards tht_. obliquely set screen (14).
7. A system as claimed in claim 6, including a pneumatic pick-up (10) serving for the extraction of foreign or heavy particles is provided in the feed to the first separator comprising a vertical air duct having an inlet in the side wall (10b) thereof for the material to be treated and an air inlet (10c) at the bottom through which conveying air is drawn.
8. A system as claimed in claim any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the second separator is a tangential separator (17) for removing the conveying air.
9. A system as claimed in any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein the second separator is a screen-type separator having a finer screen that the screen of the first separator.
10. A system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a rotatable cellular air lock (15, 18) is provided at the outlet of one or both of the first and second separators.
11. A method of separating and feeding tobacco in cigarette production, comprising effecting a first separation of the tobacco into large and small particles, conveying said large fraction to a cutter, effecting separation of said small fraction to remove the .conveying air and dust, and conveying the separated small fraction direct to the main bulk of cut tobacco after leaving the cutter thereby bypassing the cutter.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB898915823A GB8915823D0 (en) | 1989-07-11 | 1989-07-11 | Pneumatic small limina bypass |
| GB8915823.2 | 1989-07-11 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1991000697A1 true WO1991000697A1 (en) | 1991-01-24 |
Family
ID=10659840
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/GB1990/001065 Ceased WO1991000697A1 (en) | 1989-07-11 | 1990-07-11 | Pneumatic small lamina bypass |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| GB (1) | GB8915823D0 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1991000697A1 (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101708066B (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2012-05-09 | 广东中烟工业有限责任公司 | Dedusting system for tobacco shred cutting machine |
| WO2013057379A1 (en) * | 2011-10-19 | 2013-04-25 | Baudelaire Elie | Comminution and controlled differential screening method for the dry extraction of natural active principles |
| CN103519346A (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2014-01-22 | 广东中烟工业有限责任公司 | Multistage separating type recovery device for cut tobaccos in stick stem removal objects |
| WO2014135130A1 (en) * | 2013-03-07 | 2014-09-12 | 红塔烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | Air-pressure-type dual-bin air-powered separator |
| CN105396782A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-03-16 | 智思控股集团有限公司 | Method and device for efficiently winnowing tobacco shreds |
| CN105876844A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-08-24 | 红云红河烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | Reciprocating type combination technology of blade separation air separator |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1338893U (en) * | ||||
| US3010576A (en) * | 1957-12-24 | 1961-11-28 | Hauni Werke Koerber & Co Kg | Apparatus for separating or winnowing tobacco and other like fibrous material |
| DE1138351B (en) * | 1959-04-06 | 1962-10-18 | Martin Brinkmann Kommanditgese | Device for sifting cut tobacco |
| DE2921025A1 (en) * | 1978-05-23 | 1979-11-29 | Rothmans Of Pall Mall | PROCESS FOR PROCESSING TOBACCO SHEETS INTO CIGARETTE TOBACCO |
| GB1568629A (en) * | 1976-04-23 | 1980-06-04 | Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corp | Smokable tobacco products and methods and apparatus for the production thereof |
| US4323083A (en) * | 1979-06-11 | 1982-04-06 | Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation | Method for separating veins from lamina of tobacco leaf |
| EP0118981A2 (en) * | 1983-02-08 | 1984-09-19 | Amf Incorporated | A process for the production of a smoking material from cigarette maker winnowings and apparatus therefor |
| EP0293218A1 (en) * | 1987-05-28 | 1988-11-30 | British-American Tobacco Company Limited | Improvements relating to the expansion of tobacco |
-
1989
- 1989-07-11 GB GB898915823A patent/GB8915823D0/en active Pending
-
1990
- 1990-07-11 WO PCT/GB1990/001065 patent/WO1991000697A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1338893U (en) * | ||||
| US3010576A (en) * | 1957-12-24 | 1961-11-28 | Hauni Werke Koerber & Co Kg | Apparatus for separating or winnowing tobacco and other like fibrous material |
| DE1138351B (en) * | 1959-04-06 | 1962-10-18 | Martin Brinkmann Kommanditgese | Device for sifting cut tobacco |
| GB1568629A (en) * | 1976-04-23 | 1980-06-04 | Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corp | Smokable tobacco products and methods and apparatus for the production thereof |
| DE2921025A1 (en) * | 1978-05-23 | 1979-11-29 | Rothmans Of Pall Mall | PROCESS FOR PROCESSING TOBACCO SHEETS INTO CIGARETTE TOBACCO |
| US4323083A (en) * | 1979-06-11 | 1982-04-06 | Brown & Williamson Tobacco Corporation | Method for separating veins from lamina of tobacco leaf |
| EP0118981A2 (en) * | 1983-02-08 | 1984-09-19 | Amf Incorporated | A process for the production of a smoking material from cigarette maker winnowings and apparatus therefor |
| EP0293218A1 (en) * | 1987-05-28 | 1988-11-30 | British-American Tobacco Company Limited | Improvements relating to the expansion of tobacco |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101708066B (en) * | 2009-12-11 | 2012-05-09 | 广东中烟工业有限责任公司 | Dedusting system for tobacco shred cutting machine |
| WO2013057379A1 (en) * | 2011-10-19 | 2013-04-25 | Baudelaire Elie | Comminution and controlled differential screening method for the dry extraction of natural active principles |
| WO2014135130A1 (en) * | 2013-03-07 | 2014-09-12 | 红塔烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | Air-pressure-type dual-bin air-powered separator |
| US9764362B2 (en) | 2013-03-07 | 2017-09-19 | Hongta Tobacco (Group) Co., Ltd. | Air-pressure-type dual-bin air-powered separator |
| CN103519346A (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2014-01-22 | 广东中烟工业有限责任公司 | Multistage separating type recovery device for cut tobaccos in stick stem removal objects |
| CN105396782A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-03-16 | 智思控股集团有限公司 | Method and device for efficiently winnowing tobacco shreds |
| CN105876844A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2016-08-24 | 红云红河烟草(集团)有限责任公司 | Reciprocating type combination technology of blade separation air separator |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB8915823D0 (en) | 1989-08-31 |
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