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WO1990015375A1 - Machine de fabrication de modeles tridimensionnels - Google Patents

Machine de fabrication de modeles tridimensionnels Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1990015375A1
WO1990015375A1 PCT/EP1990/000706 EP9000706W WO9015375A1 WO 1990015375 A1 WO1990015375 A1 WO 1990015375A1 EP 9000706 W EP9000706 W EP 9000706W WO 9015375 A1 WO9015375 A1 WO 9015375A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
welding head
article
metal
axis
drive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/EP1990/000706
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ernest I. Gifford
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
GALWELAT MICHAEL
Original Assignee
GALWELAT MICHAEL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by GALWELAT MICHAEL filed Critical GALWELAT MICHAEL
Publication of WO1990015375A1 publication Critical patent/WO1990015375A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/41—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by interpolation, e.g. the computation of intermediate points between programmed end points to define the path to be followed and the rate of travel along that path
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
    • B23K9/044—Built-up welding on three-dimensional surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q33/00—Methods for copying
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/4097—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by using design data to control NC machines, e.g. CAD/CAM
    • G05B19/4099—Surface or curve machining, making 3D objects, e.g. desktop manufacturing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/45—Nc applications
    • G05B2219/45104—Lasrobot, welding robot
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/45—Nc applications
    • G05B2219/45145—Milling
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/49—Nc machine tool, till multiple
    • G05B2219/49015—Wire, strang laying, deposit fluid, welding, adhesive, hardening, solidification, fuse
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/30—Nc systems
    • G05B2219/49—Nc machine tool, till multiple
    • G05B2219/49016—Desktop manufacturing [DTM]; Solid freeform machining [SFM]; Solid freeform fabrication [SFF]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a three-dimensional model making machine, and, more particularly, this invention relates to a machine for forming a metallic object on a table by the use of a welding head and cutter under three-dimensional or three axis automatic control of relative movement between the welding head and table.
  • Computer aided design, CAD, and computer aided manufacturing, CAM, systems have been developed to a high degree so that computer software can be used with data input from the designer to design articles and to provide a program to have the articles machined on machine tools.
  • the designer-computer operator can see the design he is developing on a cathode ray tube or television monitor as he refines the design.
  • a body is formed having a predetermined upper surface topology by progressively extruding a plastic material in layers.
  • a three-dimensional object is generated by creating cross-sectional patterns of the object by synergistic stimulation of a fluid medium to solidify the fluid in successive cross-sectional layers. The layers are then moved to form a build-up of a three-dimensional object.
  • the present invention is directed to apparatus and a method of automatically forming a metallic object in accordance with a program defining the article.
  • Welding technology is highly developed, and the invention uses well-known inert atmosphere, usually argon, electric arc welding equipment where the material from which the article will be formed is fed as a continuous wire electrode. Since the invention is not directed to improvements in welding, known or new techniques can be used, for example, plasma or ultrasonic welding units can be employed.
  • the metal from which the article is to be formed is heated and melted by the electrical energy supplied to the welding head, and the metal is deposited on a table on which the article or part is being formed.
  • Servo drives are used to provide relative motion in the x, y and z axes between the welding head and the table.
  • the table moves along the x and y axes, by providing a separate servo drive for moving the carriage in the y axis and a separate servo drive moving a slide mounted on the carriage in the x axis.
  • the welding head will also be moved by a separate servo drive in the z axis.
  • An essential part of the invention is the provision of means for selectively removing a portion of the deposited metal in order to define the final shape of the article. It is well known that whatever type of welding head is used, the metal is deposited in the form of a bead, and metal removal is necessary in evolving the shape of the article.
  • This metal removal means can take the form of a large rotary cutter to remove metal along a given plane or it can take the form of a rotating cutter or EDM electrode which can be moved in one or more axes, commonly in the z axes in the same manner that the welding head is moved.
  • the apparatus of this invention utilizes a tool turret in which the various welding heads and metal removing equipment is mounted. A different material supply can he provided for different welding heads on various of the turret faces. It is also contemplated that a single welding head may be supplied with more than one material so that an alloy of predetermined composition may be automatically formed as the metal is deposited.
  • a controller controls the operation of the x, y and z axes servo drives according to a program defining the article.
  • the controller performs many ancilliary functions such as controlling the voltage and amperage of the welding head power supply, the flow of inert gas, the cooling supplied to the welding head or metal removing means and the table.
  • the controller will also control the positioning of the tool turret for selection of the proper welding head or cutting tool being used at any point in the forming of the article.
  • the apparatus and method of this invention is particularly adapted for use with a CAD, computer aided design, computer system so that the data generated in the design of the article can be compiled or manipulated to provide x, y and z coordinates for movement of the servo drives. It will be readily apparent that with the flexibility of such a computer system, complex programming of sequential welding and cutting steps can be performed.
  • the article can be formed from separate elements which are formed on the table and then are joined by the welding head to form a composite article. D rawi ng
  • FIG. 1 is a perspective schematic view of the apparatus of the invention showing the various motions that are imparted to the working heads in the form of welding heads and metal removing equipment and the motion imparted to a table upon which the article is formed;
  • FIG. 2 is a fragmentary schematic view of a working head shown to illustrate the possible movements that may be imparted to the working head alone.
  • the system 10 for forming a three-dimensional metal article shown as a generally cylindrical or tubular part
  • a table 14 which is movable in the x axis as shown by arrow 16 and the y axis as shown by the arrow 18.
  • the x axis movement can be provided by a slide 26 mounted with suitable ways, not shown, on the carriage 20. Cross slide 26 is driven by servo motor 28 and through precision lead screw 30.
  • Machine standard 32 mounts tool turret 34 for a rotation in the x-y plane as shown by arrow 36.
  • Welding head 38 is shown mounted on turret face 102 in a working position to be driven by z axes servo motor 40 and precision lead screw 42 as shown by arrow 44.
  • Welding material is supplied as a wire electrode from spool 46 to the welding head 38.
  • the metal is deposited from the welding head tip 48 in forming the article 12 on table 14.
  • Inert gas usually argon, is supplied from tank 50 throuqh hose 52 to the welding head 38 to provide the proper non-oxydizing atmosphere for the metal being deposited in the formation of article 12.
  • Electrical current is supplied to the welding head from electric power supply 54 through cable 56.
  • a computer system 58 supplied with CAD software is used to design the article 12 and to compile data for movement of the x, y and z servo motors 28, 22 and 40 by connections not shown for clarity.
  • the computer is also connected to the motor 61 for movement of the tool turret 34 and to the welding supply 54 by control cables 60 and 62.
  • Rotary cutter 64 is mounted on a separate carriage 66 movable, in the x axis as shown by arrow 68 in order to remove a portion of the material being deposited by welding head 48 on the article 12 in defining the shape of the article.
  • Carriage 66 can be manually controlled or controlled from computer 58 by connections not shown.
  • the turret 34 can carry on its tool holding faces several different welding heads containing different materials or types of welding tips.
  • welding head 70 shown fixed to turret face 72 is fed from two spools 74 and 76 of different materials so that an alloy is formed when the metal is melted and deposited in forming article 12.
  • the relative rate of feed of wire from spool 74 and spool 75 can be controlled to vary the composition of the alloy.
  • the work head 84 may be supplied with a spherical bearing 86 so that the cutting tool or welding tip 88 may be turned in any direction as indicated by the arrows 90 and 92 to control the direction in which the cut is being made on the article 12 or the direction in which the metal is being deposited from the welding tip. This may also be under automatic control from computer 58.
  • Work head 98 attached to turret face 100 may be an additional welding head or carry an additional cutting tool and additional work heads 102 may carry welding heads or cutting tools or other devices such as a buffing tool to form the article 12 to the shape programmed by computer 58.
  • the computer 58 can be programmed to perform many other control functions. For example, data will control the x, y, and z movements of the table and work head respectively by servo motors 28, 22 and 40, but additionally, the speed of each drive is independently controlled. Also, the computer 58 controls the cooling of the welding heads such as welding head 38 and independently controls the cooling of table 20 by a cooling coil contained within the slide 26 to control t h e temperature of the article 12 being formed. Gas flow from tank 50 can also likewise be controlled from computer 58, and in fact it can be a mixture of gases that is varied according to a program contained in computer controller 58.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Computing Systems (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Numerical Control (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un appareil et un procédé pour produire un article métallique sur une table de travail au moyen d'une tête de soudage, à l'aide d'un programme de commande provoquant un mouvement relatif entre ladite tête de soudage et la table, en trois dimensions ou selon trois axes. Le façonnage est également réalisé à l'aide d'un outil coupant destiné à éliminer une partie du métal, afin d'obtenir la taille finale. Le programme de commande est produit à partir de données collectées lors de la conception de l'article sur l'ordinateur, à l'aide d'un logiciel de conception assistée par ordinateur (CAO).
PCT/EP1990/000706 1989-06-01 1990-04-26 Machine de fabrication de modeles tridimensionnels Ceased WO1990015375A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US35951189A 1989-06-01 1989-06-01
US359,511 1989-06-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1990015375A1 true WO1990015375A1 (fr) 1990-12-13

Family

ID=23414132

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP1990/000706 Ceased WO1990015375A1 (fr) 1989-06-01 1990-04-26 Machine de fabrication de modeles tridimensionnels

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO1990015375A1 (fr)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0529816A1 (fr) * 1991-07-29 1993-03-03 Fritz B. Prinz Procédé et appareil pour la fabrication d'objets en trois dimensions par dépôt de soudure
WO1992021833A3 (fr) * 1991-06-07 1993-04-01 Massachusetts Inst Technology Modele de panneau de toiture et ensemble de toiture a une seule poutre
EP0596683A1 (fr) * 1992-11-04 1994-05-11 Fritz B. Prinz Dispositif pour le formage d'objets par superposition incrémentale des couches
WO1994026446A1 (fr) * 1993-05-12 1994-11-24 Ralf Larson Procede et dispositif de production de corps en trois dimensions
WO2002073325A3 (fr) * 2001-03-13 2003-05-30 Milling Systems And Concepts P Procede et appareil de fabrication d'un prototype
WO2002073324A3 (fr) * 2001-03-14 2003-10-02 Milling Systems And Concepts P Systeme et procede de production de prototype
ES2265736A1 (es) * 2004-11-19 2007-02-16 E-Cultura Net, S.A. Procedimiento de fabricacion de un objeto tridimensional a partir de un diseño realizado en ordenador.
WO2007028990A1 (fr) * 2005-09-08 2007-03-15 Welding Alloys Limited Fabrication de rouleaux et plaques à surface renforcée
GB2452274A (en) * 2007-08-30 2009-03-04 Welding Alloys Ltd Manufacture of welded components
US11433495B2 (en) 2012-07-16 2022-09-06 Hybrid Manufacturing Technologies Limited Machine tool
EP3152034B1 (fr) * 2014-06-09 2024-07-17 Hybrid Manufacturing Technologies Limited Procédés de traitement de matériau et appareil associé

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2569136A1 (fr) * 1984-08-16 1986-02-21 Voith Gmbh Dispositif de fabrication d'ebauche par un procede de soudage par superposition
EP0254526A2 (fr) * 1986-07-22 1988-01-27 Ex-Cell-O GmbH Machine-outil
DE3711470A1 (de) * 1987-04-04 1988-10-27 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Verfahren zum herstellen eines dreidimensionalen modells

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2569136A1 (fr) * 1984-08-16 1986-02-21 Voith Gmbh Dispositif de fabrication d'ebauche par un procede de soudage par superposition
EP0254526A2 (fr) * 1986-07-22 1988-01-27 Ex-Cell-O GmbH Machine-outil
DE3711470A1 (de) * 1987-04-04 1988-10-27 Fraunhofer Ges Forschung Verfahren zum herstellen eines dreidimensionalen modells

Cited By (19)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1992021833A3 (fr) * 1991-06-07 1993-04-01 Massachusetts Inst Technology Modele de panneau de toiture et ensemble de toiture a une seule poutre
US5365705A (en) * 1991-06-07 1994-11-22 Massachusetts Institute Of Technology Roof panel design and single beam roof assembly
EP0529816A1 (fr) * 1991-07-29 1993-03-03 Fritz B. Prinz Procédé et appareil pour la fabrication d'objets en trois dimensions par dépôt de soudure
EP0596683A1 (fr) * 1992-11-04 1994-05-11 Fritz B. Prinz Dispositif pour le formage d'objets par superposition incrémentale des couches
WO1994026446A1 (fr) * 1993-05-12 1994-11-24 Ralf Larson Procede et dispositif de production de corps en trois dimensions
AU673083B2 (en) * 1993-05-12 1996-10-24 Arcam Ab Method and device for producing three-dimensional bodies
US5786562A (en) * 1993-05-12 1998-07-28 Arcam Limited Method and device for producing three-dimensional bodies
WO2002073325A3 (fr) * 2001-03-13 2003-05-30 Milling Systems And Concepts P Procede et appareil de fabrication d'un prototype
WO2002073324A3 (fr) * 2001-03-14 2003-10-02 Milling Systems And Concepts P Systeme et procede de production de prototype
ES2265736A1 (es) * 2004-11-19 2007-02-16 E-Cultura Net, S.A. Procedimiento de fabricacion de un objeto tridimensional a partir de un diseño realizado en ordenador.
ES2265736B1 (es) * 2004-11-19 2008-03-01 E-Cultura Net, S.A. Procedimiento de fabricacion de un objeto tridimensional a partir de un diseño realizado en ordenador.
WO2007028990A1 (fr) * 2005-09-08 2007-03-15 Welding Alloys Limited Fabrication de rouleaux et plaques à surface renforcée
GB2429941B (en) * 2005-09-08 2011-05-11 Welding Alloys Ltd Manufacture of hardfaced rollers and plates
RU2424350C2 (ru) * 2005-09-08 2011-07-20 Велдинг Эллойз Лимитед Изготовление валков и плит, имеющих твердосплавное покрытие
GB2452274A (en) * 2007-08-30 2009-03-04 Welding Alloys Ltd Manufacture of welded components
US11433495B2 (en) 2012-07-16 2022-09-06 Hybrid Manufacturing Technologies Limited Machine tool
US11654518B2 (en) 2012-07-16 2023-05-23 Hybrid Manufacturing Technologies Limited Apparatus for workpiece processing having integrated energy guide and media storage and related system and method
EP3152034B1 (fr) * 2014-06-09 2024-07-17 Hybrid Manufacturing Technologies Limited Procédés de traitement de matériau et appareil associé
US12415234B2 (en) 2014-06-09 2025-09-16 Hybrid Manufacturing Technologies Limited Material processing methods and related apparatus

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