WO1990011558A1 - Command system for numerical control device - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to a command system of a numerical control device (7a, 7b) that controls a complex machine tool (1a, 1b) in accordance with a machining program. It is constituted to switch between selections of diameter and radius of a coordinate value with a G code (9a, 9b) in the machining program (8a, 8b). Since the G code is made capable of switching the selections of diameter and radius, programming can be written using a specified value accommodated to a machining need of the machine tool. In addition, when machining programs separately prepared for diameter selection or semidiameter selection are combined, both the programs can be easily combined by specifying a G code, either for diameter selection or radius selection, at the head of a program.

Description

 Description Command method of numerical control device Technical field

 The present invention relates to a command system of a numerical control device for controlling a machine tool and the like, and more particularly to a command system of a numerical control device for controlling a compound machine tool. Background technology

 Numerical controllers (NC) and PCs (programmable controllers) control a single control system and control machine tools with many different specifications.

 Conventionally, numerical controllers have used a diameter value or a radius value to specify the dimension of the X-axis coordinate when the cross section of the mark is generally circular. Specifying with a radius value is called diameter specification, and specifying with a radius value is called radius specification. In the numerical controller, it was possible to freely select which specification to use by using parameters.

 When controlling a machine tool or the like with a numerical controller, once either the diameter specification or the radius specification is set with the parameters, the machining program must be created in unified with the specified value, and the diameter must be set. Except for the I and R radius values for circular interpolation at the time of designation, it was not possible to mix both (diameter designation or radius designation).

Among machine tools, especially for lathes, the dimensions of turning parts are Since it is often represented by a diameter value, a numerical control device that controls it often sets a parameter to the diameter specification and creates a machining program.

 On the other hand, there is a multi-tasking NC lathe called a turning center in machine tools. This combined machining NC lathe is equipped with a rotary cutting tool in addition to the usual cutting work that cuts a rotating workpiece with a fixed cutting tool. Drilling, drilling, tapping, etc.). Such combined machining: In a numerical control device that controls the C device, it is preferable that cutting is performed by specifying the diameter, and milling is performed by specifying the radius by milling. However, in the past, it was not possible to create a machining program with any of the specified parameters.

 Therefore, if a lathe program created by specifying the diameter and a drill program created by specifying the radius are combined to create a program for multi-task machining NC equipment, both programs are left as they are. It cannot be synthesized, and one of the two programs must be completely rewritten.

 The present invention has been made in view of such a point, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a command system of a numerical control device that can mix diameter designation and radius designation in the same machining program.

In the present invention, in order to solve the above problems, Numerical control system characterized in that the command method of the numerical control system that controls the compound machine tool according to the machining program is configured so that the designation of the coordinate value diameter and radius can be switched by the G code in the machining program. Is provided. Since the diameter designation and the radius designation of the coordinate values can be switched using the G code, programs can be created with the designated values according to the machining of the machine tool. Also, when combining machining programs created separately by specifying diameter or radius, both programs can be easily combined simply by specifying either the diameter specification or radius specification G code at the beginning of the program. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the concept of an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is hardware of a numerical control device (CNC) for implementing the present invention. FIG. BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

 FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining the concept of one embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, the one with a is the control state by the machining program 8a, and the one with b is the control state by the machining program 8b.

The machine tool 1a is controlled by a numerical controller 7a.ヮ —ch 3a is held in chuck 2a. The work 3a and the chuck 2a are rotated by a command from the numerical controller 7a. Rotate). The numerical controller 7a controls the movement of the tool stand 4a in the Z-axis direction and the rotation of the spindle (C-axis). The workpiece 3 is cut by a fixed tool 5a such as a byte held on a tool base 4a. By this cutting, the work 3a is processed into a desired shape. The fixed tool 5a is fixed to the tool base 4a so as not to move during cutting.

 The above operation is executed by the machining program 8a of the numerical controller 7a. The G code 9a of ΓGddJ is specified at the beginning of the machining program 8a. This G code 9 a Γ G dd J specifies the dimension of the X-axis coordinate as the diameter value, and all the dimensions of the X-axis coordinate after this G code 9 a are designated as the diameter and the numerical controller 7 a is processed internally. "The G-code, which is not used for the HJ, will be set to an arbitrary number.

 The machining program 8a ends, and then the machining program 8 is executed. The machine tool 1b rotates the tool base 4b and replaces the fixed tool 5b with a rotary tool 6b such as an end mill. Then, milling is performed on the side surface of the workpiece 3b by the rotary tool 6b. The numerical controller 7b controls the movement of the tool base 4b in the Z-axis direction, the rotation of the rotary tool 6b, the rotation of the workpiece 3b, and the rotation of the tool set 4b.

At the beginning of the machining program 8b for performing this operation, the “G code 9b of G 丄 丄 J is specified. This G code 9b Γ Gr” specifies the dimension of the X-axis coordinate as the radius value. The dimensions of the X-axis coordinates after the G code 9 b are all processed inside the numerical controller 7 b as the radius designation.さ れ used for rrj Not set G code arbitrarily.

 Therefore, there is no need to standardize the machining program with any of the specified values (diameter or radius specified) that were set immediately in the parameter as in the past, and create the program with the specified values according to the machining of the machine tool can do. Also, when synthesizing machining programs that were created separately for diameter designation and radius designation, both programs can be obtained simply by specifying the G code "G_ ^ J" and "GJ ^ J" at the beginning of the program. Can be easily synthesized.

 Next, the configuration of the numerical controller according to the present embodiment will be described.

 FIG. 2 is a block diagram of hardware of a numerical controller (CNC) for implementing the present invention.

In the figure, reference numeral 10 denotes a numerical control device (CNC). The processor 11 is a central processor for controlling the entire numerical control unit (CNC) 10. The processor 11 reads the system program stored in the R 12 via the bus 21, and reads the system program according to the system program. Performs control of the entire numerical controller (CNC). RAM I 3 stores temporary calculation data, display data, and the like. The RAM 13 is a DRAM. CM 0 S 1 stores a tool correction amount, a pitch error correction amount, a machining program, a parameter, and the like. In the present embodiment, diameter designation and radius designation are selected by the G codes rG dd and G rrj in the machining program stored here. The CMOS 14 is backed up by a battery (not shown) and is a non-volatile memory even when the power of the numerical control unit (CNC) 10 is turned off, so that the data is retained as it is. The interface 15 is an interface for an external device, and is connected to an external device such as a paper tape reader, a paper tape puncher, or a paper tape reader. Processing programs 8a and 8b are read from the paper tape reader. Also, the machining program edited in the numerical controller (CNC) 10 can be output to a paper tape punch.

 PMC (programmable ♦ machine controller) 16 is built into CNC 10, and controls the machine side with a sequence program created in ladder format. That is, according to the Μ function, the S function, and the Τ function specified by the machining program, these are converted into necessary signals on the machine side by the sequence program and output from the I unit 17 to the machine side. This output signal drives the magnets on the machine side to operate hydraulic valves, pneumatic valves, electric actuators, etc., and to change tools by rotating the tool tables 4a and 4b. Also, it receives signals from the limit switch on the machine side and the switches on the machine operation panel, etc., performs necessary processing, and passes it to the processor 11.

 The graphic control circuit 18 converts digital data such as the current position of each axis, alarms, parameters, and image data into image signals and outputs the signals. This image signal is sent to the display device 26 of the CRTZMD I unit 25, and is displayed on the display device 26. The interface 19 receives data from the keyboard 27 in the CRT / MD I / N unit 25 and passes the data to the processor 11.

The interface 20 is connected to the manual pulse generator 32 and receives a pulse from the manual pulse generator 32. Manual pulse emission The creature 32 is mounted on the machine operation panel and is used to move the machine working part precisely by hand.

 The axis control circuits 41, 42 and 43 receive the movement commands of the respective axes from the processor 11 and output the commands of the respective axes to the servo amplifiers 51, 52 and 53. The servo amplifiers 51, 52 and 53 receive this movement command and drive the servo motors 61, 62 and 63 of each axis. The servo motor 61 is for the linear axis (X axis), the servo motor 62 is for the Z axis, and the servo motor 63 is for the rotary axis (C axis). The servomotors 61, 62 and 63 have a built-in pulse coder for position detection, and the position signal is fed back as a pulse train from this pulse coder. In some cases, a linear scale is used as the position detector. Also, a speed signal can be generated by converting this pulse train into FZV (frequency Z speed). In addition, tacho generators may be used for speed detection. In the figure, the feedback client and velocity feedback of these position signals are omitted.

 The spindle control circuits 71 and 74 receive the spindle rotation command and the spindle orientation command and the like, and output the spindle speed signals to the spindle amplifiers 72 and 75. The spindle amplifiers 72 and 75 receive the spindle speed signal and rotate the spindle motors 73 and 76 at the commanded rotation speed. In addition, the spindle is positioned at a predetermined position according to the orientation command.

Spindle motor 7 3 is a motor for rotating the work The servo motor 63 can be alternately switched according to the type of machining. The spindle motor 76 is a motor for rotating the rotary tools 6a and 6b, and is used for milling. A position coder 82 is connected to the spindle motor 73 by a gear wheel or a belt ₍ therefore, the position coder 82 rotates in synchronization with the spindle 73, outputs a feedback pulse, and outputs the feedback pulse. The pulse is read by the processor 11 via the interface 81. This feedback pulse is used to move the other axis in synchronization with the spindle motor 73 to perform machining such as thread cutting. As described above, according to the present invention, the designation of the diameter and the designation of the radius can be mixed in the same machining program, so that programming of a machine tool or the like for performing complex machining can be easily performed. In addition, it is possible to easily combine machining programs that were separately created for diameter designation and radius designation.

Claims

The scope of the claims  1. In the command method of the control device, which controls the compound machine tool according to the machining program,  A command method for a numerical control device characterized in that the diameter and radius of coordinate values can be switched by G code in the machining program.  2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the machining program is created by combining a first program created by specifying a diameter and a second program created by specifying a radius. Command method for numerical controller.