[go: up one dir, main page]

WO1990006056A1 - Bioherbicide contre les cyperus pourpres - Google Patents

Bioherbicide contre les cyperus pourpres Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1990006056A1
WO1990006056A1 PCT/US1989/005443 US8905443W WO9006056A1 WO 1990006056 A1 WO1990006056 A1 WO 1990006056A1 US 8905443 W US8905443 W US 8905443W WO 9006056 A1 WO9006056 A1 WO 9006056A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
colletotrichum
isolate
purple nutsedge
fungus
nutsedge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US1989/005443
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas A. Bewick
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
University of Florida
Original Assignee
University of Florida
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by University of Florida filed Critical University of Florida
Publication of WO1990006056A1 publication Critical patent/WO1990006056A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
    • C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/145—Fungal isolates
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
    • A01N63/30—Microbial fungi; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12R—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES C12C - C12Q, RELATING TO MICROORGANISMS
    • C12R2001/00—Microorganisms ; Processes using microorganisms
    • C12R2001/645—Fungi ; Processes using fungi

Definitions

  • Weeds are a tremendous problem for farmers throughout the United States and the Caribbean region. Weeds cause a 10-12% loss of value for agricultural products in the United States, the most recent estimate being $20 billion annually (McWhorter, C.G. [1984] Weed Sci. 32:850-855). In Florida vegetable production alone, losses due to weeds are estimated to be over $100 million. According to the most recent estimates, 41% of the cost of plant protection was for the control of weeds. Herbicides are applied to more acres than fungicides and insecticides combined. Weeds act as alternate hosts for insects, fungi, bacteria, and viruses. They affect man, not only by competing with crop plants, but by poisoning range animals, interfering with right-of-ways and roadways, decreasing forest production, and marring landscapes.
  • Nutsedges (Cyperus spp.) comprise a group of commonly occurring weeds that are among the most difficult to control. In the Caribbean Basin there are three species which are of most consequence, namely C. rotundus (purple nutsedge), C. exculentus (yellow nutsedge), and C. iria (rice flatsedge). Purple nutsedge has been called the world's worst weed because of its distribution worldwide and its resistance to control measures (Holm, L.G., D.L. Plucknett, J.V. Pancho, and J.P. Herberger [1977] The World's Worst Weeds: Distribution and Biology. University Press of Hawaii, Honolulu).
  • Phatak et al. Phatak, S.C., M.B. Callaway, and C.S. Vavrina [1987] Weed Technology 1:84-91) have reviewed biological control of purple and yellow nutsedge. Cost effective procedures for the use of insects to control these species have not been developed. Phatak has reported that manipulation of a rust pathogen (Puccinia canaliculata) of yellow nutsedge has reduced stand, tuber formation, and completely inhibited flower formation of this weed. Phatak points out that little research has been directed toward integrating biological and chemical control of nutsedge. It was shown that rust-paraquat (1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'- bipyridinium ion) combinations were much more effective than either treatment alone.
  • the process by which these control agents can be obtained is by no means straightforward or predictable.
  • the first step in the process is to identify weeds which appear to have been injured by a fungal pathogen.
  • weeds may be injured by a number of environmental factors, and it may not be readily apparent whether a given injury was caused by a fungus, or by insects, worms, dry conditions, physical damage from machinery or people, chemical herbicides, excess or inappropriate fertilizer, or a combination of these factors.
  • a fungus is correlated with a plant lesion, the work is just beginning. Among other things, the investigator must determine whether the fungus actually caused the lesion, whether the fungus would be capable of killing or controlling healthy plants, whether the fungus can selectively control weeds without adversely affecting desirable vegetation, what concentration of the fungus is needed to achieve control, what environmental conditions are needed for the fungus to exert its effects, and whether the fungal pathogen can be grown efficiently in quantities sufficient to produce the necessary amount for use as a biocontrol agent. The researcher must also determine the precise conditions under which to grow the fungus in order to retain and, possibly, to enhance the virulence of the control agent.
  • the subject invention concerns a novel bioherbicide which is effective, when used according to the process disclosed herein, in controlling purple nutsedge without adversely affecting the growth and yield of the desired field crop.
  • the subject invention relates to the use of a composition comprising spores from a novel Colletotrichum in association with an agricultural carrier wherein said spores are in a concentration of from about 1 x 10 4 spores/ml of carrier to about 1 x 10 7 spores/ml of carrier.
  • the concentrated spore formulation can be adapted for distribution over geographical locales or situs where the spores germinate and infect purple nutsedge.
  • the novel Colletotrichum described here is the first fungal pathogen that has been used to successfully control purple nutsedge.
  • the subject culture deposit will be stored and made available to the public in accord with the provisions of the Budapest Treaty for the Deposit of Microorganisms, i.e., it will be stored with all the care necessary to keep them viable and uncontaminated for a period of at least five years after the most recent request for the furnishing of a sample of the deposit, and in any case, for a period of at least 30 (thirty) years after the date of deposit or for the enforceable life of any patent which may issue disclosing the culture.
  • the depositor acknowledges the duty to replace the deposit should the depository be unable to furnish a sample when requested, due to the condition of the deposit. All restrictions on the availability to the public of the subject culture deposit will be irrevocably removed upon the granting of a patent disclosing it.
  • the organism of the subject invention was cultured in petri dishes containing standard potato dextrose agar (PDA).
  • PDA potato dextrose agar
  • the spores were washed from the dishes with 10 ml of sterile distilled water, diluted with sterile distilled water, mixed with TWEENTM20 at 0.5% v/v, and applied to purple nutsedge plants raised from tubers in a greenhouse.
  • the concentration of the suspension was 1.41 x 10 5 spores/ml as determined with a hemacytometer in the first experiment.
  • the concentration was 4.5 x 10 6 spores/ml in the second experiment.
  • the treated plants were placed in a dew chamber at 26°C for 16 hours, then returned to the greenhouse for a two week incubation period.
  • Control plants were treated with sterile distilled water containing 0.5% TWEENTM20 v/v, and given the same dew period and incubation conditions. Isolations were made from tissue showing lesions of any kind from both treatments. The tissue was surface sterilized by soaking in a 2.6% solution of sodium hypochlorite for 30 seconds. The tissue was subsequently rinsed in sterile distilled water for 30 seconds. The isolates were cultured on PDA. The fungi thus isolated were compared microscopically to the original isolate, and the results were compared with a comparison of binomials (Snedecor, G.W., and W.G. Cochran [1980] Statistical Methods. Iowa State Press, Ames, pp. 124-125). The following tables give the results of these tests. The results shown in Tables 1 through 3 indicate that this isolate is a pathogen of purple nutsedge.
  • Solid media that can be used include water agar, potato dextrose agar, V-8 agar, and string bean agar (strained extract of macerated string beans solidified in agar). Spores are produced on solid V-8 medium exposed to fluorescent light.
  • solid media can be, for example, (1) water agar, (2) potato dextrose agar (Difco), (3) lima bean agar (Difco), (4) corn meal agar (Difco), (5) potato-carrot agar (Tuite 19), and (6) Desmodium agar (blend 10 g Desmodium plant parts or plant extracts in 1000 ml water and solidify with 20 g agar).
  • liquid media for example: Formula 1 - Modified Richard's Solution - V-8*
  • Formula IV Modified Richard's Solution - Torula Yeast - Same as Formula I above but substitute 16 gm torula yeast for V-8 juice.
  • the preparation of spores is commenced in preseed liter flasks containing about 300 ml of liquid medium which have been inoculated with spores.
  • the medium is incubated for 1-3 days with agitation at a temperature of about 26°C to about 30°C.
  • the preseed is then transferred aseptically to 20 liter seed tanks with additional sterile medium as described above.
  • the tanks are provided with sterile air and agitation.
  • the cycle is continued at a temperature of about 26°C to about 30°C for 1 to 3 days.
  • the spore concentrate is mixed with an agriculturally acceptable diluent or carrier for application to the undesired host vegetation or a situs.
  • an agriculturally acceptable diluent or carrier for application to the undesired host vegetation or a situs.
  • itus is meant those areas infested with the undesired vegetation or potential infestation sites.
  • the preferred carrier is water, and the spore concentrate is dispersed to make a concentration of from about 2 x 10 4 to 2 x 10 7 spores/ml.
  • the formulation is then sprayed on the undesired vegetation or situs by conventional spraying equipment in an amount of from about 50 to 500 liters per hectare.
  • Spores of the novel Colletotrichum herbicide can be mixed with spores of other bioherbicides to enlarge the scope of control of undesired vegetation.
  • a mixture of the novel Colletotrichum with Alternaria cassiae can be used to control both purple nutsedge and sicklepod (Cassia obtusifolia).
  • spores of the novel Colletotrichum can be mixed with those of A. cassiae to control purple nutsedge and showy crotalaria or coffee senna.
  • A. cassiae to control sicklepod, showy crotalaria and coffee senna is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,390,360, which is incorporated herein by reference thereto.
  • the culture, means of growing, and application to these weeds disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,390,360 can be used herein.
  • Mixtures of Colletotrichum and A. cassiae, for example, A. cassiae NRRL 12533 can be made by methods well known in the art, utilizing the disclosure of U.S. Patent No. 4,390,360, and that contained herein.
  • the novel Colletotrichum of the subject invention can also be mixed, in an agricultural carrier, with the rust pathogen Puccinia canaliculata.
  • P. canaliculata has been reported to control yellow nutsedge and the mixture can be used to control both of these nutsedges.
  • the novel Colletotrichum described here can also be mixed with C. truncatum (Schw.) Andrus & Moore, having the identifying characteristics of NRRL 15933, and is used to control
  • the effectiveness of the novel Colletotrichum may also be enhanced by mixing it with chemical herbicides such as 2,4-D, atrazine, linuron, paraquat, alachlor, metolachlor, glyphosate, dichlobenil, EPTC, and arsenicals.
  • chemical herbicides such as 2,4-D, atrazine, linuron, paraquat, alachlor, metolachlor, glyphosate, dichlobenil, EPTC, and arsenicals.
  • Table 1 provides a list of other groups of herbicides which could be used in conjunction with the novel fungus of the subject invention.
  • spores are the preferred form of the fungi
  • the fungi can also be used in their vegetative form.
  • fragmented mucelia can be formulated and applied to purple nutsedge in much the same manner as described above for the spore form.
  • the strain will be made available if a patent office signatory to the Budapest Treaty certifies one's right to receive, or if a U.S. Patent is issued citing the strain.
  • the culture should die or be destroyed during the effective term of the deposit, it shall be your responsibility to replace it with a living culture of the sane.
  • the strain will be maintained for a period of at least 30 years after the date of deposit, and for a period of at least five years after the most recent request for a sample.
  • the United States and many other countries are signatory to the Budapest Treaty.

Landscapes

  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
  • Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
  • Virology (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
  • Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un nouveau bioherbicide et son emploi afin de maîtriser une mauvaise herbe tenace rencontrée dans de nombreux champs du sud des Etats-Unis et dans aux Caraïbes. Spécifiquement on peut utiliser un nouvel isolement de Colletotrichum dans une composition agricole afin de combattre efficacement les cyperus pourpres sans affecter les cultures des champs. On peut également utiliser le nouvel isolement dans un mélange avec d'autres agents de biorégulation, afin de combattre les cyperus ainsi que d'autres végétaux indésirables, tels que le barbe-de-moine de Floride, les gousses de faucilles, le crotalaria ornemental et le séné du café.
PCT/US1989/005443 1988-12-01 1989-12-01 Bioherbicide contre les cyperus pourpres Ceased WO1990006056A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US27868588A 1988-12-01 1988-12-01
US278,685 1988-12-01

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1990006056A1 true WO1990006056A1 (fr) 1990-06-14

Family

ID=23065948

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US1989/005443 Ceased WO1990006056A1 (fr) 1988-12-01 1989-12-01 Bioherbicide contre les cyperus pourpres

Country Status (2)

Country Link
AU (1) AU4662989A (fr)
WO (1) WO1990006056A1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0464416A3 (en) * 1990-06-13 1992-04-22 Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Incorporated New strains of drechslera spp., and weed control agents and weed control compositions containing the same
US5424271A (en) * 1988-11-21 1995-06-13 Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc. Strains of Drechslera spp., weed control compositions containing the same and methods for controlling weeds using the same
US5434121A (en) * 1993-03-25 1995-07-18 Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Incorporated Variety of Drechslera monoceras, weed control compositions containing the same as an effective ingredient and weed control methods using the same

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3849104A (en) * 1973-04-17 1974-11-19 Us Agriculture Control of aeschynomene sp. with colletrotrichum gloeosporioides penz. f. sp. aeschynomene
US3999973A (en) * 1975-06-19 1976-12-28 The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Arkansas C. malvarum spore concentrate, formulation, and agricultural process
EP0207653A1 (fr) * 1985-06-21 1987-01-07 The University Of Vermont And State Agricultural College Compositions herbicides comprenant des agents microbiens herbicides et des agents chimiques herbicides ou régulateurs de la croissance des plantes
US4643756A (en) * 1985-03-22 1987-02-17 Mycogen Corporation Bioherbicide for Florida beggarweed
EP0218386A1 (fr) * 1985-09-16 1987-04-15 Her Majesty in Right of Canada as represented by the Minister of Agriculture Canada Procédé de lutte contre les mauvaises herbes avec des C. gloeosporioides

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3849104A (en) * 1973-04-17 1974-11-19 Us Agriculture Control of aeschynomene sp. with colletrotrichum gloeosporioides penz. f. sp. aeschynomene
US3999973A (en) * 1975-06-19 1976-12-28 The Board Of Trustees Of The University Of Arkansas C. malvarum spore concentrate, formulation, and agricultural process
US4643756A (en) * 1985-03-22 1987-02-17 Mycogen Corporation Bioherbicide for Florida beggarweed
EP0207653A1 (fr) * 1985-06-21 1987-01-07 The University Of Vermont And State Agricultural College Compositions herbicides comprenant des agents microbiens herbicides et des agents chimiques herbicides ou régulateurs de la croissance des plantes
EP0218386A1 (fr) * 1985-09-16 1987-04-15 Her Majesty in Right of Canada as represented by the Minister of Agriculture Canada Procédé de lutte contre les mauvaises herbes avec des C. gloeosporioides

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5424271A (en) * 1988-11-21 1995-06-13 Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc. Strains of Drechslera spp., weed control compositions containing the same and methods for controlling weeds using the same
EP0464416A3 (en) * 1990-06-13 1992-04-22 Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Incorporated New strains of drechslera spp., and weed control agents and weed control compositions containing the same
US5434121A (en) * 1993-03-25 1995-07-18 Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Incorporated Variety of Drechslera monoceras, weed control compositions containing the same as an effective ingredient and weed control methods using the same
US5498592A (en) * 1993-03-25 1996-03-12 Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Incorporated Variety of Drechslera monoceras effective for control of barnyard grass
US5498591A (en) * 1993-03-25 1996-03-12 Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Incorporated Weed control compositions containing Drechslera monoceras and additional herbicidal agents

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
AU4662989A (en) 1990-06-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Pereira et al. Corynespora cassiicola f. sp. lantanae: a potential biocontrol agent from Brazil for Lantana camara
Amsellem et al. Recent advances in the biocontrol of Orobanche (broomrape) species
TeBeest BIOLOGICAL CONTROL OF WEEDS WITH PLANT PATHOGENS AND MICROBIAL PESTICIDES¹
CA1318272C (fr) Lutte biologique contre les aleurodes et d'autres ravageurs a l'aide d'un champignon pathogene
CA2201336C (fr) Champignon de l'espece gliocladium catenulatum utilise pour la lutte biologique contre les maladies vegetales
US4715881A (en) Control of eastern black nightshade with a fungal pathogen
US5256627A (en) Use of microorganism to produce toxin
US4643756A (en) Bioherbicide for Florida beggarweed
Diniz et al. Susceptibility of Aphis craccivora (Hemiptera: Aphididae) to three entomopathogenic Fusarium species
Shamoun Application of biological control to vegetation management in forestry
WO1990006056A1 (fr) Bioherbicide contre les cyperus pourpres
KR100319135B1 (ko) 식물병해 길항 미생물 제제
US6265347B1 (en) Enhanced bioherbicidal control of weeds using multiple pathogens
US5945378A (en) Control of cyperus spp. with a fungal pathogen
US20100291135A1 (en) Species of fungi and their use in pest and disease control
US5698491A (en) Control of Cyperus spp. with a fungal pathogen
US5028253A (en) Process for controlling undesirable vegetation with Colletotrichum coccodes spores
US5034328A (en) Control of hemp sesbania with a fungal pathogen Colletotrichum truncatum
Chandramohan Multiple-pathogen strategy for bioherbicidal control of several weeds
AU773020B2 (en) Control of cyperus spp. with a fungal pathogen
WO1991001642A1 (fr) Compositions biocides
CA1224055A (fr) Production de spores de colletotrichum coccodes, preparation desdites spores, formule et procede applicable en agriculture
Aneja Fungal pathogens as potential mycoherbicides to control water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes)
Fernandez et al. Contribution of Avena spp., used in crop rotation systems under conservation tillage, to the inoculum levels of some cereal pathogens
Caunter et al. Colletotrichum caudatum, a potential bioherbicide for control of Imperata cylindrica

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AU BR JP KP KR

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): BF BJ CF CG CM GA ML MR SN TD TG