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WO1990004490A1 - Pate de brasage pour relier des materiaux ayant des taux de dilatation thermique differents - Google Patents

Pate de brasage pour relier des materiaux ayant des taux de dilatation thermique differents Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1990004490A1
WO1990004490A1 PCT/US1989/004721 US8904721W WO9004490A1 WO 1990004490 A1 WO1990004490 A1 WO 1990004490A1 US 8904721 W US8904721 W US 8904721W WO 9004490 A1 WO9004490 A1 WO 9004490A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
brazing
paste
powdered metal
spheres
metal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/US1989/004721
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Dennis Beeferman
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Handy and Harman
Original Assignee
Handy and Harman
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Handy and Harman filed Critical Handy and Harman
Publication of WO1990004490A1 publication Critical patent/WO1990004490A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
    • B23K35/0244—Powders, particles or spheres; Preforms made therefrom
    • B23K35/025—Pastes, creams, slurries
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
    • B23K35/0233—Sheets, foils
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
    • B23K35/0233—Sheets, foils
    • B23K35/0238—Sheets, foils layered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0222—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in soldering, brazing
    • B23K35/0244—Powders, particles or spheres; Preforms made therefrom
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/3006—Ag as the principal constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/302—Cu as the principal constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/36—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest
    • B23K35/3601—Selection of non-metallic compositions, e.g. coatings, fluxes; Selection of soldering or welding materials, conjoint with selection of non-metallic compositions, both selections being of interest with inorganic compounds as principal constituents

Definitions

  • the invention relates to brazing alloys and more particularly to a brazing paste for brazing together materials with dissimilar, thermal expansion properties.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,340,650 discloses a three-layer soli.d brazi.ng sheet wi.th a layer of ductile metal sandwiched between two layers of brazing alloy.
  • the ductile center has a melting point higher than the melting point of the brazing alloy and helps to absorb thermal stresses as the joint is cooled. While good results have been achieved using this type of brazing sheet it has a significant disadvantage as compared to brazing
  • this brazing paste compound has the disadvantage that the brazing must be done in an oven under a vacuum.
  • Electrical contact material is generally a silver or silver-cadmium 5 oxide alloy, an example of such a material is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,700,475.
  • Another common electrical contact material is tungsten carbide impregnated with silver.
  • the supporting structure for the electrical contact is often made of copper or steel.
  • brazing paste which will provide a superior quality joint and can compensate for thermal stresses created in the brazing of materials with dissimilar thermal expansion rates, and which may be used in normal commercial brazing operations,
  • the brazing paste of the present invention includes a powdered metal brazing alloy, powdered metal spheres made of a material such as stainless steel that will not be drawn into solution by the brazing alloy, an inorganic flux and a binder material to provide a paste-like consistency.
  • a brazing paste with this composition is equally well suited for brazing by directly
  • the brazing paste according to the invention comprises four basic components: a brazing alloy, a powdered metal spacer, an inorganic flux and a binder material to provide a paste-like consistency.
  • the brazing alloy is a powdered metal alloy, the exact composition can depend on the particular materials being joined.
  • Three compositions of brazing alloy which work particularly well in the brazing of steel and carbide, diamond or electrical contact material are: 45 ⁇ g - 15Cu - 16Zn - 24Cd; 50 ⁇ g- 15.5CU - 15.5Zn - 16Cd - 3Ni, and 50Ag - 20Cu - 28Zn - 2Ni.
  • the numbers preceding the element symbols refer to the weight percent of that particular element in the alloy mixture.
  • Brazing alloys based on silver, copper and zinc are generally preferable because of their relatively lower melting points, in the range of 1100 to 1450°F depending on the particular percentages and other alloys included. Some other additional elements which might be included in the alloy are manganese, tin or phosphorous.
  • the powdered metal spacer is a critical compon ⁇ ent of the brazing paste because it provides a buffer between the parts being joined which compensates for thermal stresses developed during the brazing process.
  • the powdered metal spacer is formed by known powdered metal technology, i.e., atomizing and screening to select the desired size particles.
  • the particles in the form of spheres should be sized to provide the optimum gap between the parts to be joined. Generally, for the applications discussed this is approximately 0.003 inches. Depending on the particular application the ideal size may vary within a range of about 0.0029-0.005 inches in diameter for spheres.
  • the size of the spheres is to be large enough so that when the materials being brazed together are pressed and held together during the brazing operation, the spheres function to hold the materials spaced from each other and prevent the paste and alloy from being squeezed out.
  • the powdered metal spacer should be provided in a quantity sufficient to maintain the desired gap in all areas of the joint.
  • a quantity of spacer equal to 3% by weight of all metal components of the paste has been found to give excellent results.
  • the quantity may be varied in the range of 0.5-12% by weight of the metal components of the paste.
  • the material selected for the spacer should be a ductile metal with a melting point higher than that of the brazing alloys. But it is also necessary that the metal selected. be one which will maintain its size during the brazing operation and not be drawn into solution by the brazing alloy at the brazing temperature, even if that temperature is below the actual melting point of the spacer metal. For this reason metals such as nickel or copper are not suitable as spacer metals. Stainless steel, however, provides a good combination of ductility, high melting point and resistance to being drawn into solution. The only additional requirement is that the metal selected as spacer be wettable by the brazing alloy in order to provide maximum joint strength. AISI 316 stainless steel is an example of a spacer metal which exhibits the necessary properties and creates a good joint.
  • the flux is an important component of the braz ⁇ ing paste because it permits the paste to be used in torch or induction brazing operations.
  • the flux acts as a cleansing agent to remove oxides which would inhibit the 5 creation of a brazed joint.
  • Suitable fluxes are commercially available which consist of inorganic cliemicals such as boric acid, fluorides and borates.
  • the binder material holds the components together and gives the brazing paste its paste-like I Q consistency, between 250,000 cps and 1,000,000 cps . This consistency allows the brazing paste to be applied by existing automated dispensing equipment.
  • the binder material is made up of a polymer and a solvent such as mineral*, spirits and water. An emulsifier may be added to J5 the binder material if required for the particular applica ⁇ tion.
  • a brazing paste formulated as above has been ' found to be effective in brazing carbide to steel, diamond to steel, and electrical contact silver and silver-cadmium gorex n oxide or tungsten carbide to steel or copper by directly applied heating means such as torch, induction, electrical resistance or laser brazing. These are materials commonly joined in commercial applications, however, the present invention is not limited to joining only these materials.
  • the present invention is generally suitable for brazing together materials having dissimilar thermal expansion rates. Materials having dissimilar thermal expansion rates, as used herein, contemplates materials which traditionally have been or could have been joined by 3Q brazing, but the differences in their thermal properties prevented the creation of a successful joint.
  • the method for creating a brazed joint using the - present invention is explained below in terms of carbide and steel alone for reasons of simplicity, but it applies 35 equally to any of the materials disclosed above.
  • the joint area of both parts must be cleaned to remove oil and dirt, etc., then a small amount of brazing paste is placed on each major surface plane of steel which is to be brazed.
  • the spacer material must be spread evenly in all areas of the joint because it will not flow as does the brazing alloy.
  • the carbide part to be brazed is then pressed firmly into place. Excess brazing paste which is forced from the joint should be removed prior to heating. Next, heat is applied directly to the joint area by torch or induction coil. Heating should be accomplished as quickly as possible, without overheating.
  • brazing temperature for the Ag-Cu-Zn-Cd brazing alloy disclosed above is approximately 1145"F.
  • Temperatvires should be altered in accordance with the particular brazing alloy used. After the proper heating is complete, the joint should be allowed to cool in still air.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Products (AREA)

Abstract

Une pâte de brasage pour relier des matériaux ayant des taux de dilatation thermique différents comprend un alliage métallique pulvérulent de brasage, des sphères métalliques pulvérulentes d'écartement, un fondant inorganique et un liant. Les sphères d'écartement sont composées d'un métal ductile qui ne se laisse pas dissoudre dans l'alliage de brasage pendant le brasage et constitue ainsi un tampon qui absorbe les tensions thermiques générées dans les différents matériaux lorsque le joint se refroidit. La pâte de brasage décrite est également utile pour des opérations de brasage par application directe de chaleur, par exemple par un chalumeau ou par induction.
PCT/US1989/004721 1988-10-24 1989-10-23 Pate de brasage pour relier des materiaux ayant des taux de dilatation thermique differents Ceased WO1990004490A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US26179388A 1988-10-24 1988-10-24
US261,793 1988-10-24

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1990004490A1 true WO1990004490A1 (fr) 1990-05-03

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AU (1) AU4517589A (fr)
WO (1) WO1990004490A1 (fr)

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2772657A1 (fr) * 1997-12-23 1999-06-25 Thomson Csf Procedure de realisation de pate a braser et joint de soudure obtenu
WO2002081143A1 (fr) * 2001-04-04 2002-10-17 Motorola, Inc. Soudures anti-dissolution pour metallisation a l'argent
WO2004009285A1 (fr) * 2002-07-23 2004-01-29 Komet Group Holding Gmbh Outil de machine comprenant une tige d'outil et une tete de coupe
US6875966B1 (en) 2004-03-15 2005-04-05 Nexicor Llc Portable induction heating tool for soldering pipes
EP1616657A1 (fr) * 2004-07-15 2006-01-18 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Alliage de brasage contenant du matériau particulaire
WO2009009710A3 (fr) * 2007-07-11 2009-03-12 Battelle Memorial Institute Métaux d'apport pour brasure sous air à température élevée et leurs procédés de préparation et d'utilisation
US8168347B2 (en) * 2004-12-30 2012-05-01 Delphi Technologies Inc. SOFC assembly joint spacing
US20130022836A1 (en) * 2011-07-20 2013-01-24 Diamond Innovations, Inc. Brazed coated diamond-containing materials
US8721395B2 (en) 2009-07-16 2014-05-13 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Abrasive tool with flat and consistent surface topography for conditioning a CMP pad and method for making
CN111940944A (zh) * 2020-08-17 2020-11-17 郑州机械研究所有限公司 一种钎焊材料及其制备方法

Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3856480A (en) * 1973-02-16 1974-12-24 Du Pont Diamond joined to metal
US3900153A (en) * 1972-06-13 1975-08-19 Licentia Gmbh Formation of solder layers
DE2735638A1 (de) * 1977-08-08 1979-02-15 Fusion Inc Lotgemisch mit automatischer loetspalteinregulierung
JPS5554262A (en) * 1978-10-16 1980-04-21 Hitachi Ltd Brazing method
US4319707A (en) * 1978-01-10 1982-03-16 General Electric Company Brazing apparatus to manufacture composite compact components
US4431465A (en) * 1981-06-04 1984-02-14 Gte Products Corporation Brazing alloy paste
US4560853A (en) * 1984-01-12 1985-12-24 Rca Corporation Positioning and bonding a diamond to a stylus shank
US4650107A (en) * 1984-11-22 1987-03-17 Bbc Brown, Boveri & Company, Limited Method for the bubble-free joining of a large-area semiconductor component by means of soldering to a component part serving as substrate
US4731130A (en) * 1987-05-27 1988-03-15 Gte Government Systems Corporation Soldering composition
US4740252A (en) * 1986-01-31 1988-04-26 Senju Metal Industry Co., Ltd. Solder paste for electronic parts
US4769525A (en) * 1986-09-02 1988-09-06 Hughes Aircraft Company Circuit package attachment apparatus and method

Patent Citations (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3900153A (en) * 1972-06-13 1975-08-19 Licentia Gmbh Formation of solder layers
US3856480A (en) * 1973-02-16 1974-12-24 Du Pont Diamond joined to metal
DE2735638A1 (de) * 1977-08-08 1979-02-15 Fusion Inc Lotgemisch mit automatischer loetspalteinregulierung
US4319707A (en) * 1978-01-10 1982-03-16 General Electric Company Brazing apparatus to manufacture composite compact components
JPS5554262A (en) * 1978-10-16 1980-04-21 Hitachi Ltd Brazing method
US4431465A (en) * 1981-06-04 1984-02-14 Gte Products Corporation Brazing alloy paste
US4560853A (en) * 1984-01-12 1985-12-24 Rca Corporation Positioning and bonding a diamond to a stylus shank
US4650107A (en) * 1984-11-22 1987-03-17 Bbc Brown, Boveri & Company, Limited Method for the bubble-free joining of a large-area semiconductor component by means of soldering to a component part serving as substrate
US4740252A (en) * 1986-01-31 1988-04-26 Senju Metal Industry Co., Ltd. Solder paste for electronic parts
US4769525A (en) * 1986-09-02 1988-09-06 Hughes Aircraft Company Circuit package attachment apparatus and method
US4731130A (en) * 1987-05-27 1988-03-15 Gte Government Systems Corporation Soldering composition

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
METALS HANDBOOK NINTH EDITION, Vol. 6, pp. 950-975, Copyright 1983. *

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2772657A1 (fr) * 1997-12-23 1999-06-25 Thomson Csf Procedure de realisation de pate a braser et joint de soudure obtenu
WO1999033604A1 (fr) * 1997-12-23 1999-07-08 Thomson-Csf Procede de realisation de pate a braser et joint de soudure obtenu
US6383305B1 (en) * 1997-12-23 2002-05-07 Thomson-Csf Method for the making soldering flux and resulting weld joint
WO2002081143A1 (fr) * 2001-04-04 2002-10-17 Motorola, Inc. Soudures anti-dissolution pour metallisation a l'argent
WO2004009285A1 (fr) * 2002-07-23 2004-01-29 Komet Group Holding Gmbh Outil de machine comprenant une tige d'outil et une tete de coupe
CN100415434C (zh) * 2002-07-23 2008-09-03 彗星集团控股有限公司 机床刀具和其制造方法以及适用于此的焊片
US7202450B2 (en) 2004-03-15 2007-04-10 Nexicor Llc Induction coil design for portable induction heating tool
US6875966B1 (en) 2004-03-15 2005-04-05 Nexicor Llc Portable induction heating tool for soldering pipes
US7491916B1 (en) 2004-03-15 2009-02-17 Nexicor Llc Induction coil design for portable induction heating tool and method for its use
US7179558B2 (en) 2004-07-15 2007-02-20 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Braze alloy containing particulate material
EP1616657A1 (fr) * 2004-07-15 2006-01-18 Delphi Technologies, Inc. Alliage de brasage contenant du matériau particulaire
US8168347B2 (en) * 2004-12-30 2012-05-01 Delphi Technologies Inc. SOFC assembly joint spacing
WO2009009710A3 (fr) * 2007-07-11 2009-03-12 Battelle Memorial Institute Métaux d'apport pour brasure sous air à température élevée et leurs procédés de préparation et d'utilisation
US8721395B2 (en) 2009-07-16 2014-05-13 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Abrasive tool with flat and consistent surface topography for conditioning a CMP pad and method for making
US20130022836A1 (en) * 2011-07-20 2013-01-24 Diamond Innovations, Inc. Brazed coated diamond-containing materials
CN111940944A (zh) * 2020-08-17 2020-11-17 郑州机械研究所有限公司 一种钎焊材料及其制备方法

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Publication number Publication date
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