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WO1989008153A1 - Process for implementing reducing pyrometallurgical processes with pellets - Google Patents

Process for implementing reducing pyrometallurgical processes with pellets Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1989008153A1
WO1989008153A1 PCT/DE1988/000097 DE8800097W WO8908153A1 WO 1989008153 A1 WO1989008153 A1 WO 1989008153A1 DE 8800097 W DE8800097 W DE 8800097W WO 8908153 A1 WO8908153 A1 WO 8908153A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
gas
reducing
cylindrical
nozzles
air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/DE1988/000097
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Ulrich Bock
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority to DE19863629661 priority Critical patent/DE3629661A1/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AU13666/88A priority patent/AU1366688A/en
Priority to PCT/DE1988/000097 priority patent/WO1989008153A1/en
Priority to CA000560115A priority patent/CA1327275C/en
Publication of WO1989008153A1 publication Critical patent/WO1989008153A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
    • C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
    • C22B5/12—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by gases
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/05—Refining by treating with gases, e.g. gas flushing also refining by means of a material generating gas in situ
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Electric arc furnaces ; Tank furnaces
    • F27B3/10—Details, accessories or equipment, e.g. dust-collectors, specially adapted for hearth-type furnaces
    • F27B3/22—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
    • F27B3/225—Oxygen blowing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
    • Y02P10/143—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions of methane [CH4]

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for carrying out reducing pyrometallurgical processes with pellets from oxidic ores, concentrates or intermediate products, and also metallic intermediate products by means of strongly reducing gases or oxygen-containing gases for producing and refining a metal melt. Such methods are used, for example, to recover precious metals from corresponding waste containing precious metals. The main thing here is that other waste is removed as quickly and safely as possible by incineration.
  • the inventor has set himself the goal of developing a new method here which considerably improves the known methods with regard to the speed and completeness of the combustion.
  • the reducing gas leads through at least three nozzles onto the surface of a batch, which is located in a cylindrical, axial furnace space, at a speed of greater than 100 m / sec. and less than 300m / sec. is inflated, and that the gas deflected at the point of impact and rising again with high contents of CO and H_ is still burned in the cylindrical furnace chamber by air blown secantially into the furnace chamber.
  • a lance burner is introduced centrally in a cylindrically shaped furnace space to introduce the reducing gas.
  • This lance burner is designed as a pulse burner.
  • a strongly reducing flame of gases, such as methane or propane in pure form or mixed with little oxygen, is blown onto the charge inside the cylindrical furnace chamber through its nozzles.
  • gases or oxygen gas mixtures with a speed of at least 100m / sec. emerge from the nozzle and hit the surface of the bath with such an impulse that a slight movement of the bath melt is produced. Due to the high tangential velocity of the gas in the upper part of the cylindrical furnace chamber of approx. 30-50 m / sec., A longer residence time of the gas of at least 5 seconds at a temperature level of at least 1000 ° C is guaranteed.
  • the high turbulence of the circulating gas stream creates kinetic conditions for intensive combustion processes, so that together with the longer residence time, organic substances which may be contained in the batch are also destroyed.
  • the longer residence time of the gas at a high temperature level in the cylindrical top furnace also has a positive influence on the particle formation of the metal oxide formed by combustion.
  • a larger grain is formed, which takes on a spherical shape due to the high turbulence caused by abrasive action. These oxides do not tend to stick and can therefore easily be collected in filters with very dense fabrics.
  • An advantage of this invention is that the reducing gases methane or propane on the way from the lance nozzle to the batch surface are essentially not heated by partial combustion, ie using their own chemical heat content as is done in conventional inflation processes, but by radial and convective Heat transfer from the partially afterburned exhaust gas, which circulates around the reduction jet.
  • the reduction jet occurring on the batch does not cause overheating at this point, so that at high reduction rates and degrees of reduction only the metals with high vapor pressure evaporate at temperatures below 1300 ° C.
  • a lance burner 1 also protrudes into the furnace chamber 10, which in the present case is water-cooled and has three nozzle heads with burner nozzles 9. In the position of use, these burner nozzles 9 emit pulse firing jets 8, which strike a surface 11 of a molten bath 4.
  • These focal beams consist, for example, of gases such as methane or propane in pure form or mixed with a small amount of fuel.
  • the cylindrical furnace chamber 10 is designed such that the gases deflected at the point of impact rise along the wall of the cylindrical furnace chamber 10 at a significantly reduced speed.
  • two axially parallel air nozzles 6 open into the furnace chamber 10, via which fresh air is blown in secantially. This leads to a rapid combustion of the rising gases. The heat released thereby essentially serves to heat up the combustion jets
  • a focal jet 8 can have an oxygen particle pressure PO-10-12at and causes extremely high reduction conditions at temperatures between 1000 ° and 1300 ° C. on the surface of the batch.
  • the flame striking the batch or bath surface is deflected, sweeps across the surface and causes a stirring effect in the melt.
  • the mass flow achieved by convection between the batch and bath surface and the reduction flame leads to a reduction in the metal oxides in the melt.
  • the cylindrical furnace chamber is designed in such a way that the gases of the lance burner deflected at the point of impact meet at a speed of less than 1 m / sec. rise along the wall of the cylindrical furnace chamber.
  • the gases rising on the side walls of the cylindrical furnace chamber and still containing CO and H are afterburned by tangential air entering the upper part of the cylindrical furnace chamber at high speed. This introduction takes place through one or two nozzles and at a speed of more than 100 m / sec. This leads to a rapid partial combustion of the rising gases.
  • the heat released serves essentially to heat up the reduction flame, which is relatively cold in a strongly substoichiometric mode of operation, so that the free jet of the gas lance burner can have an oxygen particle pressure of PO 2 ⁇ 10 -12at and extremely high reduction conditions at temperatures between 1000 ° and 1300 on the batch surface ° C causes.
  • This enables intensive reduction work with a considerable reduction in energy expenditure.
  • metals with high vapor pressures such as As, Zn, Cd and Bi can also be volatilized from the batch.
  • the secondary post-combustion including that of the metal vapors, is carried out by supplying combustion air at high speed.
  • the remaining post-combustion for example also of the metal vapors, is carried out by further secant supply of combustion air at high speed.
  • the speed at which the gases are blown into the furnace chamber 8 should be at least 100 m / s. They then rise on the wall of the furnace chamber 10 at a speed of less than 1 m / s until they then reach the area of the air nozzles 6. There they are deflected by the secant air jets, so that these gases have a high tangential velocity of approx. 30 to 50 m / s in the upper part. This results in a longer gas residence time of at least 5 seconds at a temperature level of at least 1000 ° C.
  • 100 kg of mixed oxide pellets were melted in a cylindrical furnace 10 with a diameter of 0.5 m and a height of 0.7 m, which 40% Pb, 25% Sn, 4% Zn, 0.5 Cd and 0.5% Bi contained.
  • 10% fine coal was added to the pellet.
  • 8 kg of propane per hour were blown through lance 1 with three nozzle heads. The partial post-combustion took place via the lower air nozzle 6, and then the complete post-combustion took place via the upper air nozzle 6.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

In a process for implementing reducing pyrometallurgical processes with oxyde ores, concentrates, intermediate products or metallic intermediate products by means of strongly reducing gases or oxygen-containing gases for producing and refining a molten metal, the reducing gas is injected at a speed greater than 100 m/s and less than 300 m/s through at least three nozzles onto the surface of a charge located in a cylindrical axial cavity of a furnace. The ascending gas, which has a high CO and H2 content, is deviated at the point of impact and burnt again in the cylindrical cavity of the oven by the air injected into the latter according to a secant.

Description

Verfahren zur Durchführung reduzierender pyrometallur¬ gischer Prozesse mit PelletsProcess for carrying out reducing pyrometallurgical processes with pellets

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Durchführung reduzierender pyrometallurgischer Prozesse mit Pellets aus oxidischen Erzen, Konzentraten oder Zwischenpro¬ dukten, sowie metallischen Zwischenprodukten mittels stark reduzierender Gase oder sauerstoffhaltiger Gase zur Erzeugung und Raffination einer Metallschmelze. Derartige Verfahren dienen beispielsweise zur Edel¬ metallrückgewinnung aus entsprechenden edelmetall- haltigen Abfällen. Hierbei geht es vor allem darum, daß der sonstige Abfall möglichst rasch und unschädlich durch Verbrennung beseitigt wird.The invention relates to a method for carrying out reducing pyrometallurgical processes with pellets from oxidic ores, concentrates or intermediate products, and also metallic intermediate products by means of strongly reducing gases or oxygen-containing gases for producing and refining a metal melt. Such methods are used, for example, to recover precious metals from corresponding waste containing precious metals. The main thing here is that other waste is removed as quickly and safely as possible by incineration.

Der Erfinder hat sich zum Ziel gesetzt, hier ein neues Verfahren zu entwickeln, welches die bekannten Verfahren bezüglich Geschwindigkeit und Vollständigkeit der Verbrennung erheblich verbessert.The inventor has set himself the goal of developing a new method here which considerably improves the known methods with regard to the speed and completeness of the combustion.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe führt, daß das Reduktionsgas durch mindestens drei Düsen auf die Oberfläche einer Charge, die sich in einem zylindrischen, axialen Ofenraum befindet, mit einer Geschwindigkeit von größer als lOOm/sec. und kleiner als 300m/sec. aufgeblasen wird, und daß das am Auftreffpunkt umgelenkte und mit hohen Gehalten an CO und H_ wieder aufsteigende Gas durch in den Ofenraum sekantial eingeblasene Luft noch im zylindrischen Ofenraum nachverbrannt wird.To achieve this object, the reducing gas leads through at least three nozzles onto the surface of a batch, which is located in a cylindrical, axial furnace space, at a speed of greater than 100 m / sec. and less than 300m / sec. is inflated, and that the gas deflected at the point of impact and rising again with high contents of CO and H_ is still burned in the cylindrical furnace chamber by air blown secantially into the furnace chamber.

Zum Einleiten des Reduktionsgases ist in einem zylindrisch geformten Ofenraum zentral ein Lanzen¬ brenner eingeführt. Dieser Lanzenbrenner ist als Impulsbrenner ausgeführt. Durch seine Düsen wird eine stark reduzierende Flamme aus Gasen, wie Methan oder Propan in reiner Form oder mit wenig Sauerstoff gemischt, auf die Charge innerhalb des zylindrischen Ofenraumes geblasen. Gegenstand der Erfindung ist, daß diese Gase oder Sauerstoffgasgemische mit einer Ge¬ schwindigkeit von wenigstens lOOm/sec. aus der Düse austreten und auf die Badoberfläche noch mit einem solchen Impuls auftreffen, daß eine leichte Bewegung der Badschmelze erzeugt wird. Durch die hohe Tangentialgeschwindigkeit des Gases im oberen Teil des zylindrischen Ofenraumes von ca. 30-50 m/sec.ist eine längere Verweilzeit des Gases von mindestens 5 sec. auf einem Temperaturniveau von mindestens 1000° C gewährleistet. Die hohe Turbulenz des zirkulierenden Gasstromes schafft kinetische Voraussetzungen für intensive Verbrennungsvorgänge, so daß zusammen mit der längeren Verweilzeit auch organische Substanzen, die in der Charge enthalten sein mögen, zerstört werden.A lance burner is introduced centrally in a cylindrically shaped furnace space to introduce the reducing gas. This lance burner is designed as a pulse burner. A strongly reducing flame of gases, such as methane or propane in pure form or mixed with little oxygen, is blown onto the charge inside the cylindrical furnace chamber through its nozzles. The object of the invention is that these gases or oxygen gas mixtures with a speed of at least 100m / sec. emerge from the nozzle and hit the surface of the bath with such an impulse that a slight movement of the bath melt is produced. Due to the high tangential velocity of the gas in the upper part of the cylindrical furnace chamber of approx. 30-50 m / sec., A longer residence time of the gas of at least 5 seconds at a temperature level of at least 1000 ° C is guaranteed. The high turbulence of the circulating gas stream creates kinetic conditions for intensive combustion processes, so that together with the longer residence time, organic substances which may be contained in the batch are also destroyed.

Die längere Verweilzeit des Gases bei hohem Temperatur¬ niveau im zylindrischen Oberofen hat ebenfalls einen positiven Einfluß auf die Partikelbildung des durch Verbrennung entstandenen Metalloxid. Es entsteht ein größeres Korn, das aber infolge der hohen Turbulenzen durch abrasive Einwirkung eine kugelige Form annimmt. Diese Oxide neigen nicht zum Verkleben und können deshalb leicht in Filtern mit sehr dichten Geweben aufgefangen werden.The longer residence time of the gas at a high temperature level in the cylindrical top furnace also has a positive influence on the particle formation of the metal oxide formed by combustion. A larger grain is formed, which takes on a spherical shape due to the high turbulence caused by abrasive action. These oxides do not tend to stick and can therefore easily be collected in filters with very dense fabrics.

Ein Vorteil dieser Erfindung liegt darin, daß die Reduktionsgase Methan oder Propan auf dem Weg von der Lanzendüse zur Chargenoberfläche im wesentlichen nicht durch eine Teilverbrennung, d. h. unter Nutzung des eigenen chemischen Wärmeeinhaltes wie es bei herkömmlichen Aufblasverfahren geschieht, aufgeheizt werden, sondern durch radiale und konvektive Wärme¬ übertragung aus dem teilweise nachverbrannten Abgas, das den Reduktionsstrahl zirkulierend umströmt. Der auf die Charge auftretende Reduktionsstrahl ruft an dieser Stelle keine Überhitzung hervor, so daß bei hoher Reduktionsgeschwindigkeit und Reduktionsgrad nur die Metalle mit hohem Dampfdruck bei Temperaturen unter 1300° c verdampfen. Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung eines bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiels sowie anhand der Zeichnung; diese zeigt in ihrer einzigen Figur einen schematisch dargestellten Querschnitt durch einen erfindungsgemäßen Ofen. Dieser Ofen besteht aus einem gemauerten Ofenteil 3, in welchen ein zylindrischer Ofenraum 10 eingeformt ist. Dieser Ofenraum 10 ist von einer Ofenhaube 2 aus Stahl¬ blech überdeckt, welche gleichzeitig einen Oberofenraum 7 umgibt.An advantage of this invention is that the reducing gases methane or propane on the way from the lance nozzle to the batch surface are essentially not heated by partial combustion, ie using their own chemical heat content as is done in conventional inflation processes, but by radial and convective Heat transfer from the partially afterburned exhaust gas, which circulates around the reduction jet. The reduction jet occurring on the batch does not cause overheating at this point, so that at high reduction rates and degrees of reduction only the metals with high vapor pressure evaporate at temperatures below 1300 ° C. Further advantages, features and details of the invention emerge from the following description of a preferred exemplary embodiment and with reference to the drawing; in its single figure, this shows a schematically illustrated cross section through an oven according to the invention. This furnace consists of a brick furnace part 3, in which a cylindrical furnace chamber 10 is molded. This furnace chamber 10 is covered by a furnace hood 2 made of sheet steel, which at the same time surrounds an upper furnace chamber 7.

In den Ofenraum 10 ragt ferner ein Lanzenbrenner 1 ein, welcher im vorliegenden Fall wassergekühlt ist und drei Düsenköpfe mit Brennerdüsen 9 aufweist. Diese Brennerdüsen 9 senden in Gebrauchsläge Impuls-Brennstrahle 8 aus, welche auf eine Oberfläche 11 eines Schmelzebades 4 auftreffen. Diese Brennstrahle bestehen beispielsweise aus Gasen wie Methan oder Propan in reiner Form oder mit wenig Stauerstoff gemischt.A lance burner 1 also protrudes into the furnace chamber 10, which in the present case is water-cooled and has three nozzle heads with burner nozzles 9. In the position of use, these burner nozzles 9 emit pulse firing jets 8, which strike a surface 11 of a molten bath 4. These focal beams consist, for example, of gases such as methane or propane in pure form or mixed with a small amount of fuel.

Der zylindrische Ofenraum 10 ist so konzipiert, daß die am Auftreffpunkt umgelenkten Gase mit einer wesentlich verminderten Geschwindigkeit entlang der Wand des zylindrischen Ofenraumes 10 aufsteigen. In den Ofenraum 10 münden im gezeigten Ausführungsbeispiel zwei achs- parallele Luftdüsen 6, über welche Frischluft sekantial eingeblasen wird. Dies führt zu einer schnellen Ver¬ brennung der aufsteigenden Gase. Die dabei freigesetzte Wärme dient wesentlich zum Aufheizen der BrennstrahlenThe cylindrical furnace chamber 10 is designed such that the gases deflected at the point of impact rise along the wall of the cylindrical furnace chamber 10 at a significantly reduced speed. In the exemplary embodiment shown, two axially parallel air nozzles 6 open into the furnace chamber 10, via which fresh air is blown in secantially. This leads to a rapid combustion of the rising gases. The heat released thereby essentially serves to heat up the combustion jets

8, so daß ein Brennstrahl 8 einen Sauerstoffpartikel- druck PO--10 -12at aufweisen kann und an der Chargen¬ oberfläche extrem hohe Reduktionsbedingungen bei Temperaturen zwischen 1000° bis 1300° C bewirkt. Die auf die Chargen- bzw. Badoberfläche auftreffende Flamme wird umgelenkt, streicht über die Oberfläche hinweg und bewirkt einen Rühreffekt in der Schmelze. Der durch Konvektion erzielte Massenstrom zwischen Chargen- und Badoberfläche und Reduktionsflamme führt zu einer Reduktion der Metalloxide in der Schmelze.8, so that a focal jet 8 can have an oxygen particle pressure PO-10-12at and causes extremely high reduction conditions at temperatures between 1000 ° and 1300 ° C. on the surface of the batch. The flame striking the batch or bath surface is deflected, sweeps across the surface and causes a stirring effect in the melt. The mass flow achieved by convection between the batch and bath surface and the reduction flame leads to a reduction in the metal oxides in the melt.

Der zylindrische Ofenraum ist derart konzipiert, daß die am Auftreffpunkt umgelenkten Gase des Lanzen¬ brenners mit einer Geschwindigkeit von weniger als lm/sec. entlang der Wand des zylindrischen Ofenraumes aufsteigen. Die an den Seitenwänden des zylindrischen Ofenraumes aufsteigenden, noch CO und H- enthaltenden Gase werden durch tangentialen mit hoher Geschwindig¬ keit in den oberen Teil des zylindrischen Ofenraumes eintretende Luft nachverbrannt. Dieses Einbringen geschieht durch ein oder zwei Düsen und mit einer Ge¬ schwindigkeit von mehr als lOOm/sec. Dies führt zu einer schnellen TeilVerbrennung der aufsteigenden Gase. Die dabei freigesetzte Wärme dient wesentlich zum Auf¬ heizen der bei stark unterstöchiometrischer Fahrweise relativ kalten Reduktionsflamme, so daß der Freistrahl des Gaslanzenbrenners einen Sauerstoffpartikeldruck von PO2~10 -12at aufweisen kann und an der Chargenoberfläche extrem hohe Reduktionsbedingungen bei Temperaturen zwischen 1000° und 1300° C bewirkt. Dies ermöglicht eine intensive Reduktionsarbeit bei erheblicher Ver¬ minderung des Energieaufwandes. Neben einer hohen Schmelzleistung und einem guten Reduktionswirkungsgrad können auch Metalle mit hohen Dampfdrücken wie As, Zn, Cd und Bi aus der Charge verflüchtigt werden.The cylindrical furnace chamber is designed in such a way that the gases of the lance burner deflected at the point of impact meet at a speed of less than 1 m / sec. rise along the wall of the cylindrical furnace chamber. The gases rising on the side walls of the cylindrical furnace chamber and still containing CO and H are afterburned by tangential air entering the upper part of the cylindrical furnace chamber at high speed. This introduction takes place through one or two nozzles and at a speed of more than 100 m / sec. This leads to a rapid partial combustion of the rising gases. The heat released serves essentially to heat up the reduction flame, which is relatively cold in a strongly substoichiometric mode of operation, so that the free jet of the gas lance burner can have an oxygen particle pressure of PO 2 ~ 10 -12at and extremely high reduction conditions at temperatures between 1000 ° and 1300 on the batch surface ° C causes. This enables intensive reduction work with a considerable reduction in energy expenditure. In addition to high melting capacity and good reduction efficiency, metals with high vapor pressures such as As, Zn, Cd and Bi can also be volatilized from the batch.

Im oberen Teil des Ofens wird durch sekantiales Zu¬ führen von Verbrennungsluft mit hoher Geschwindigkeit die restliche Nachverbrennung, auch die der Metall¬ dämpfe, vollzogen. Im oberen Teil des Ofenraumes 10 wird durch weiteres sekantiales Zuführen von Verbrennungsluft hoher Geschwindigkeit die restliche Nachverbrennung, bei¬ spielsweise auch der Metalldämpfe, vollzogen.In the upper part of the furnace, the secondary post-combustion, including that of the metal vapors, is carried out by supplying combustion air at high speed. In the upper part of the furnace chamber 10, the remaining post-combustion, for example also of the metal vapors, is carried out by further secant supply of combustion air at high speed.

Die Geschwindigkeit, mit der die Gase im Brennstrahl 8 in den Ofenraum eingeblasen werden, soll wenigstens 100 m/s betragen. Sie steigen dann an der Wand des Ofenraumes 10 mit einer Geschwindigkeit von weniger als 1 m/s auf, bis sie dann in den Bereich der Luftdüsen 6 gelangen. Dort werden sie durch die sekantial eintretenden Luftstrahlen abgelenkt, so daß diese Gase im oberen Teil eine hohe Tangentialgeschwindigkeit von ca. 30 bis 50 m/s aufweisen. Dies bewirkt eine längere Verweilzeit des Gases von mindestens 5 Sekunden auf einem Temperaturniveau von mindestens 1000° C.The speed at which the gases are blown into the furnace chamber 8 should be at least 100 m / s. They then rise on the wall of the furnace chamber 10 at a speed of less than 1 m / s until they then reach the area of the air nozzles 6. There they are deflected by the secant air jets, so that these gases have a high tangential velocity of approx. 30 to 50 m / s in the upper part. This results in a longer gas residence time of at least 5 seconds at a temperature level of at least 1000 ° C.

In einem Ausführungsbeispiel wurde entsprechend dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren in einem zylindrische Ofen¬ raum 10 mit einem Durchmesser von 0,5 m und einer Höhe von 0,7 m stündlich 100 kg Mischoxydpellets einge¬ schmolzen, welches 40% Pb, 25% Sn, 4% Zn, 0,5 Cd und 0,5% Bi enthielten. Zudem war dem Pellets 10% Feinkohle zugesetzt. Durch die Lanze 1 mit drei Düsenkδpfen wurden 8 kg Propan pro Stunde aufgeblasen. Über die untere Luftdüse 6 erfolgte zunächst die partielle Nach¬ verbrennung, so dann über die obere Luftdüse 6 die vollständige Nachverbrennung.In one embodiment, according to the method according to the invention, 100 kg of mixed oxide pellets were melted in a cylindrical furnace 10 with a diameter of 0.5 m and a height of 0.7 m, which 40% Pb, 25% Sn, 4% Zn, 0.5 Cd and 0.5% Bi contained. In addition, 10% fine coal was added to the pellet. 8 kg of propane per hour were blown through lance 1 with three nozzle heads. The partial post-combustion took place via the lower air nozzle 6, and then the complete post-combustion took place via the upper air nozzle 6.

Als metallurgische Ergebnisse wurden folgende Werte bei Ausbringen gefunden:The following values were found on the application as metallurgical results:

Pb u. Sn in das Metall = 99%Pb u. Sn in the metal = 99%

Pb u. Sn in die Schlacke = 0,5%Pb u. Sn in the slag = 0.5%

Pb u. Sn in den Staub = 0,5%Pb u. Sn in the dust = 0.5%

Zn in den Staub = über 90% Cd in den Staub = über 90% Bi in den Staub = über 90%Zn in the dust = over 90% Cd in the dust = over 90% Bi in the dust = over 90%

Mit einer Schmelzleisteung bei gleichzeitiger äußerstWith a melting performance at the same time extremely

2 intensiver Reduktion von 12,2 t Oxidpellets pro m2 intensive reduction of 12.2 t oxide pellets per m

Herdfläche und Tag liegt dieser Wert verglichen mit herkömmlichen Schmelzöfen für eine solches Vormaterial um den Faktor 10 höher. Stove area and day, this value is 10 times higher than with conventional melting furnaces for such a raw material.

Claims

PATENTANSPRÜCHE PATENT CLAIMS 1. Verfahren zur Durchführung reduzierender pyrometallurgischen Prozesse mit Pellets aus oxidischen Erzen, Konzentraten oder Zwischenpro¬ dukten, sowie metallurgischer Zwischenprodukten mittels stark reduzierender Gase oder sauerstoff- haltiger Gase zur Erzeugung und Raffination einer Metallschmelze dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Reduktionsgas durch mindestens drei Düsen auf die Oberfläche einer Charge, die sich in einem zylindrischen axialen Ofenraum befindet, mit einer Geschwindigkeit von größer als 100 m/s und kleiner als 300 m/s aufgeblasen wird, und daß das am Auf¬ treffpunkt umgelenkte und mit hohen Gehalten an CO und H- wieder aufsteigende Gas durch in den Ofenraum sekantial eingeblasene Luft noch im zylindrischen Ofenraum nachverbrannt wird.1. Process for carrying out reducing pyrometallurgical processes with pellets from oxidic ores, concentrates or intermediate products, and also metallurgical intermediates by means of strongly reducing gases or oxygen-containing gases for producing and refining a molten metal, characterized in that the reducing gas is passed through at least three nozzles Surface of a batch, which is located in a cylindrical axial furnace space, is inflated at a speed of greater than 100 m / s and less than 300 m / s, and that the material deflected at the point of impact and with high contents of CO and H again rising gas is still burned in the cylindrical furnace chamber by air blown secantially into the furnace chamber. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Zwischenraum zwischen Aufblasstrahl und zylindrischer Wand eine Geschwindigkeit des auf¬ steigenden Gases von weniger als 1 m/s bewirkt.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the space between the inflation jet and the cylindrical wall causes a speed of the rising gas of less than 1 m / s. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Nachverbrennungsluft über mehrere, mindestens aber zwei, axial angeordnete Düsen sekantial in den zylindrischen Ofenraum eingeblasen wird.3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the post-combustion air is blown secantially into the cylindrical furnace chamber via several, but at least two, axially arranged nozzles. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Nachverbrennungsluft mit mehr als 100 m/s eingeblasen wird, so daß eine hohe tangentiale Geschwindigkeit des Gas-Luftgemisches mit starker Turbulenz entsteht. 4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the post-combustion air is blown in at more than 100 m / s, so that a high tangential speed of the gas-air mixture with strong turbulence arises. 5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die untersten Luftdüsen in der zylindrischen Ofenwand so angeordnet sind, daß die durch die teilweise Verbrennung des aufsteigenden Gases freiwerdende Wärme zum Aufheizen des auf die Chargenoberfläche auftretenden Reduktionsgases dient und die eigene chemische Wärme des Reduktionsgases kaum genutzt wird und Überhitzungen am Auftreffpunkt des Reduktionsgases vermieden werden.5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the lowermost air nozzles are arranged in the cylindrical furnace wall so that the heat released by the partial combustion of the rising gas serves to heat the reducing gas occurring on the batch surface and the chemical heat of the reducing gas hardly is used and overheating at the point of impact of the reducing gas is avoided. 6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß durch diesen Aufheizeffekt das Reduktionsgas mit einem Sauerstoff-Faktor niedriger RO, 3 aufgeblasen werden kann.6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the reducing gas with an oxygen factor lower RO, 3 can be inflated by this heating effect. 7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 und Anspruch 3 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die oberen axial angeordneten Luftdüsen außerhalb des Freistrahls des Reduktions¬ gases liegen und durch diese Düsen eingeblasene Luft den Nachverbrennungsvorgang vollständig noch im Ofenraum abschließt.7. The method according to claim 1 and claim 3, characterized in that the upper axially arranged air nozzles are outside the free jet of the reduction gas and air blown through these nozzles completely completes the afterburning process in the furnace chamber. 8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 und Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß durch die hohe Tangentialge- schwindigkeit des nachverbrannten Gases im oberen Teil des zylindrischen Ofenraumes eine Verweilzeit dieses Gases von mehr als fünf Sekunden gegeben ist. 8. The method according to claim 1 and claim 4, characterized in that the high tangential speed of the afterburned gas in the upper part of the cylindrical furnace space gives a residence time of this gas of more than five seconds.
PCT/DE1988/000097 1986-08-30 1988-02-25 Process for implementing reducing pyrometallurgical processes with pellets Ceased WO1989008153A1 (en)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19863629661 DE3629661A1 (en) 1986-08-30 1986-08-30 Method for carrying out reductive pyrometallurgical processes with pellets of oxide ores, concentrates or intermediates and also metallic intermediates by means of strongly reducing gases or oxygen-containing gases for the production and refining of a molten metal
AU13666/88A AU1366688A (en) 1988-02-25 1988-02-25 Process for implementing reducing pyrometallurgical processes with pellets
PCT/DE1988/000097 WO1989008153A1 (en) 1988-02-25 1988-02-25 Process for implementing reducing pyrometallurgical processes with pellets
CA000560115A CA1327275C (en) 1988-02-25 1988-02-29 Method for continuous reduction in pyrometallurgical processes with pellets

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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AU13666/88A AU1366688A (en) 1988-02-25 1988-02-25 Process for implementing reducing pyrometallurgical processes with pellets
PCT/DE1988/000097 WO1989008153A1 (en) 1988-02-25 1988-02-25 Process for implementing reducing pyrometallurgical processes with pellets
CA000560115A CA1327275C (en) 1988-02-25 1988-02-29 Method for continuous reduction in pyrometallurgical processes with pellets

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DE3629661A1 (en) * 1986-08-30 1988-03-10 Ulrich Bock Method for carrying out reductive pyrometallurgical processes with pellets of oxide ores, concentrates or intermediates and also metallic intermediates by means of strongly reducing gases or oxygen-containing gases for the production and refining of a molten metal
DE3915740A1 (en) * 1989-05-13 1990-11-15 Ludger Schumacher High temp. processing unit for e.g. annealing or melting - has reactor with oven chamber having tangentially arranged feed openings in sidewalls and controllable bucket wheel discharge
NL1009412C2 (en) * 1998-06-15 1999-12-16 Gibros Pec Bv Method for pyrometallurgical processing of metal-containing waste in an oven room.
DE102020215140A1 (en) * 2020-12-01 2022-06-02 Sms Group Gmbh Process and melting unit for pyrometallurgical melting of raw materials containing metal, residues and/or secondary residues

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US4671765A (en) * 1986-02-19 1987-06-09 Ppg Industries, Inc. Burner design for melting glass batch and the like
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FR2384848A1 (en) * 1977-03-25 1978-10-20 Samancor Management Services Blast furnace construction and use - with at least one downwardly vertical tuyere through which oxygen-enriched blast is introduced
DE2922189B1 (en) * 1979-05-31 1980-10-09 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Method and device for smelting fusible materials such as ore concentrate
US4671765A (en) * 1986-02-19 1987-06-09 Ppg Industries, Inc. Burner design for melting glass batch and the like
DE3629661A1 (en) * 1986-08-30 1988-03-10 Ulrich Bock Method for carrying out reductive pyrometallurgical processes with pellets of oxide ores, concentrates or intermediates and also metallic intermediates by means of strongly reducing gases or oxygen-containing gases for the production and refining of a molten metal
DE3638204A1 (en) * 1986-11-08 1988-05-11 Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag Process and equipment for the smelting of fusible materials such as ore concentrate, utilising unspent reducing gas from the top-blowing process in the melting cyclone

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202024001174U1 (en) 2024-06-19 2024-07-19 Richard Rupprecht Gmbh Mobile casting cooker with a continuously adjustable hydraulic drive

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AU1366688A (en) 1989-09-22
CA1327275C (en) 1994-03-01

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