WO1989002961A1 - Modular-accessible-units - Google Patents
Modular-accessible-units Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO1989002961A1 WO1989002961A1 PCT/US1988/003455 US8803455W WO8902961A1 WO 1989002961 A1 WO1989002961 A1 WO 1989002961A1 US 8803455 W US8803455 W US 8803455W WO 8902961 A1 WO8902961 A1 WO 8902961A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- bearing
- accessible
- modular
- load
- matrix
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/024—Sectional false floors, e.g. computer floors
- E04F15/02405—Floor panels
- E04F15/02417—Floor panels made of box-like elements
- E04F15/02423—Floor panels made of box-like elements filled with core material
- E04F15/02429—Floor panels made of box-like elements filled with core material the core material hardening after application
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/024—Sectional false floors, e.g. computer floors
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/024—Sectional false floors, e.g. computer floors
- E04F15/02447—Supporting structures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
- E04F15/00—Flooring
- E04F15/02—Flooring or floor layers composed of a number of similar elements
- E04F15/024—Sectional false floors, e.g. computer floors
- E04F15/02447—Supporting structures
- E04F15/02494—Supporting structures with a plurality of base plates or like, each base plate having a plurality of pedestals upstanding therefrom to receive the floor panels
Definitions
- the forces driving this invention are the development of flexible manufacturing, the electrical powering of factories, the electronic operation and computerization of factory production, the use of computer-assisted engineering, computer-assisted design, computer-assisted manufacturing, computerized numerical control, and the general automation and computerization of the factory and office workplace.
- DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION This invention is substantially different than all the known art computer access flooring disposed on corner support columns .
- My invention provides discretely selected special rep l i cative access ible pattern layout s o f suspended structural cast plate modular-accessible-units with biased corners shaped to accommodate combinations , such as , the following:
- the arrays of suspended structural modular-access ible ⁇ units and nodes are dispo sed over matrix conductors accommodated within a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix and held in, place by gravity, friction, and assemblage, and sometimes by registry, to provide shallow depth of less than 6 inches (150mm) .
- the modular-accessible-units comprise modular-accessible-planks , modular-accessible-pavers , modular-accessible-matrix-units, and modular-accessible-tiles which als o include modular- acces sible-carpets and modul ar- accessible-laminates.
- the suspended structural load-bearing modular- accessible-units of this invention are principally for use where shallow depth with greater access to and connectivity of all types of matrix conductors and equipment conductors is desired or required for new and retrofit commercial, office, institutional, educational, warehousing, industrial manufacturing, and service industry facilities.
- a poke-through integrated floor/ceiling conductor management system comprises an array of low-profile suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units or an array of low-profile suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units plus modular accessible nodes and/or modular accessible passage nodes or an array of low-profile suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-matrix-units disposed over a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix which is disposed over a load-bearing support system.
- the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix accommodates one or more matrix conductors.
- a horizontal-disassociation-cushioning-layer of elastic foam or the like is disposed at all points of bearing on at least one coplanar level.
- the thickness of the entire assembly, from the top surface of the load-bearing support system to the top surface of the modular-accessible-units is divided into ranges of thickness as follows:
- the existing art points to computer access flooring of depths greater than 6 inches (150mm), generally of depths from 12 inches (300mm) to 36 inches (900mm), configured as panels supported at their corners on various types of columns and generally mechanically fastened to the columns with cross bracing of the tops of the columns being necessary, with access to the conductors disposed below the computer-type access panels only by removing the panels and with no way of connecting to the belcw-the-floor conductors, except by making an aperture in the surface of the panel for an above-the-floor monument or a flush cover closing off the aperture in the panel
- the teachings of this invention disclose arrays of modular-accessible-units with biased or unbiased corners, supported on a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix accommodating matrix conductors.
- the load-bearing three-dimens iona l - condu ct o r -accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix comprises load-bearing granular materials, load-bearing flexible foam, load-bearing rigid foam, load-bearing plinths, load-bearing modular accessible node boxes or load-bearing channels, these types of matrices used singly or in combination.
- the biased corners accommodate modular accessible nodes and modular accessible passage nodes of complementary-shapes and sizes to fit in apertures created by the biased corners of adjacent modular-accessible-units.
- the modular-accessible-nodes may be load-bearing or non-load-bearing .
- Connectivity is obtained between matrix conductors and a plurality of different functional types of equipment plug-in cordsets for voice, data, text, video, and power conductors, as well as fluid conductors, and the like, by means of the modular accessible nodes .
- the modular accessible nodes of this invention are flush and coplanar with adjacent modular-accessible-units and are generally multi-functional .
- multi-functional office modular-accessible-nodes may conveniently provide voice, data, text, video, and power at (each modular access ible node o r any other such mu lt i - functional combination .
- Industrial modular accessible nodes may conveniently provide power, data, voice , video or any other multi-functional combination , another example being power, hydraulic , compressed air , and control conductors provided at a single multi- functional modul ar acces sible node .
- my United States Patent 4 , 546, 024 issued October
- modular-accessible-tiles are hel d in p l ac e by gravity, friction, and accumulated-interactive-assemblage .
- This invention utilizes gravity , friction , and ass emblage along with registry in some cases .
- Registry is obtained by mating of the points of registry and bearing of a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-pas sage-and-support-matrix comprising, for example, modularly spaced load-bearing plinths with the points of registry and bearing comprising registry apertures in the bottom of the open-faced bottom tens ion reinforcement containment of a modular-accessible-unit .
- Modular spacing of both the load-bearing plinths and the points of registry in the bottom of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment assures the interchangeability o f the modular-accessible-units in an array .
- the cast plate accommodates registry by various means, including the following: - precision casting of one or more registry points on the underside of the cast plate for mating to supports in the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor- accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix, the cast plate having a wearing surface face good one side - precision casting of one or more registry points on both faces of the cast plate for mating to supports in the lo ad-bearing three-dimens ional - conduct o r- accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix, the cast plate being reversible and having wearing surface faces good two sides
- Access to the matrix conductors is obtained by removing one or more modular-accessible-units .
- Access forp lugging into or unplugging equipment cordsets from receptacles in activated modular accessible nodes is obtained by removing the flush decorative access covers of one or more modular accessible nodes which are disposed within the array.
- the flush decorative access covers may be similar in construction to composite-modular-accessible-units and resilient-composite-modular-accessible-units to achieve the structural strength to span the distance from one biased corner to another.
- the flush decorative access covers comprise many different types, such as, sliding covers, hinged covers, direct plug-in covers, solid covers, lift-out lay-in covers with press-in and pull-out engagement, magnetically held-in-place covers, covers held in place magnetically, covers held in place by one or more fasteners, and the like.
- modular-accessible-matrix-units of the same or contrasting colors or materials may serve as access covers for the modular accessible nodes.
- the cover may have knockouts, breakouts, drillouts, and the like to accommodate the passage of the matrix conductors, such as, preassembled conductor assemblies, and equipment cordsets, fluid conductors, and the like, disclosed herein.
- preassembled conductor assembly may be disposed within the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix between one modular accessible node and another to provide multi-functional receptacles for plugging in compatible equipment corsets for equipment disposed above the array of modular accessible nodes and modular accessible passage nodes.
- These preassembled conductor assemblies may be connected to other preassembled conductor assemblies within the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix or to junction boxes, cluster panels, branch panels, main panels, and the like.
- All types of conventional conductors and preassembled conductor assemblies accommodated with the load-bearing three - dimens ional- conducto r- accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix may be extended from below the modul ar-accessible-units through any modular accessible passage node within the array of modular-accessible-unit plus modular accessible nodes and modular accessible passage nodes for direct conductor connectivity of equipment and machinery in conformance with applicable codes .
- Any type of matrix conductor, conventional conductor or preassembled conductor assembly may be disposed within the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix.
- Any type of matrix conductor of conventional type may be conveniently adapted to installation within the space limitations of the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and- support-matrix of this invention.
- Th.e modular- acces sible-units , modular accessible nodes, modular accessible passage nodes , and the lo ad-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix may have periodical repetitive bar encoding to accommodate ongoing evolutionary computer-assisted status updating of all poke-through integrated flo or/ ceiling conductor management systems and matrix conductor components by means of hand-held or rolling bar code readers .
- One or more of any type of conventional conductors and preassembled conductor assemblies may have bar encoding periodically and repetitively disposed along the entire length of the conductors disposed within the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor- accommodative-passage- and-support-matrix to facilitate reading of conductor type , class , capacity, assigned function, and the like , for the purpose of providing ongoing evolutionary bar code reading input directed to a computer for ongoing status updating and identification in the evolutionary conductor management system of this invention.
- the modular-accessible-units are arranged in a discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout and assembled into the array by means of an accessible flexible-assembly-joint.
- the array of modular-accessible- units is held in place flexibly and accessibly over the load- bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage- and-support-matrix by gravity, friction, and assemblage and sometimes also by registry.
- the pattern layouts are defined by the shapes of the modular-accessible-units, which generally are squares, rectangles, triangles, or linear planks, with or without biased corners, and the modular accessible nodes which have shapes complementary to the shapes of the modular-accessible- units and which fit into the spaces created by the adjacent intersecting biased corners of the modular-accessible-units.
- All modular accessible nodes or potential modular accessible node sites may be activated or non-activated or may be merely potential modular accessible node sites for possible later use.
- the modular accessible nodes can be easily located because of the distinctive shape, pattern, color, material or texture of their flush decorative access covers and because of the 45 degree rotation to match the biased corners of the modular-accessible-units, which distinguish them from the modular-accessible-units in the array.
- the activated and non-activated modular accessible nodes in the array of modular-accessible-units may be disposed in a multiaxial pattern in multiples of 1 to 9 in any direction, i.e., modular accessible nodes may be disposed multiaxially in every one, two, three, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 potential modular accessible node sites.
- the occupying of a particular modular accessible node site by a modular accessible node may be determined by the functional prescribed needs of the user or by the evolutionary needs of the user as personnel and equipment are added, deleted or moved.
- the potent i al modular access ible node sites may accommodate - modular accessible nodes - modular accessible passage nodes - modular accessible poke-through nodes
- the modular accessible nodes and modular acces sible node boxes may be compartmentalized so that different types of utility services may be separated if required or desired.
- Two or more compartments in a single modular accessible node or modular accessible node box effectively separate power conductors , for example , from vo ice conductors , dat a conductors , text conductors, video conductors, fiber optic conductors , environmental contro l conductors , s ignal conductors , fluid conductors , and the like, providing personal, conductor, and equipment safety and electromagnetic interference and radio frequency interference benefits .
- Modular accessible nodes may be located at various depths within the assembly. Some possibilities are:
- the top of the modular accessible nodes being flush, with the top surface of the modular-accessible- units - partially within the depth of the load-bearing three- dimensional-conductor-accommodative -pas s age-and- support-matrix and partially within the entire depth of the modular-accessible-units , the top o f the modular accessible nodes being flush with the top surface of the modular-accessible-units
- Modular accessible node boxes may be made of pressure stamped or formed metal, may be cast of cementitious concrete or polymer concrete, factory- or site-manufactured of cut and glued cementitious board or polymer concrete board, and the like.
- the sides provide for cutout, knockout, and punchout holes to accommodate receptacles or conductor passage.
- a variety of different types of modular accessible node boxes may be used, such as: - factory-manufactured load-bearing modular accessible node boxes - factory-manufactured non-load-bearing modular accessible node boxes
- each enclosure comprising vertical side plates having cutout, knockout and punchout locations for receptacles and passage of matrix conductors with or without connectors preassembled onto the matrix conductors through vertical side plates, the sides of biased corner plinths vertically slotted to receive the vertical side plates, the load-bearing support system providing the bottom for the enclosure
- the components for each enclosure comprising a bottom closure plate, the vertical side plates having cutout, knockout and punchout locations for receptacles and for passage of matrix conductors through the vertical side plates, and the sides of biased corner plinths slotted to receive the vertical side plates - a uniaxial load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor- accommodative-pas s age - and- support-matrix having vertical side plates on all sides of an electrical enclosure , the height of the vertical side plates equal to the approximate depth o f the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and- support-matrix - a biaxial load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor- accommodative-pas s age-and- support -matrix having vertical s ide plates on one or more sides o f an electrical enclosure, the height of the vertical side plates equal to the approximate depth of the
- the modular accessible nodes may have any polygonal shape, the preferred shapes being squares, rectangles, linear rectangles, triangles, and hexagons, and may be of various sizes suitable for use in the spaces formed by the adjacent intersecting biased corners of the modular-accessible-units and at the ends of modular-accessible-planks.
- Modular accessible nodes may also be round in shape.
- the corners of the modular-accessible-units may be cast in plan view to have a partial circular blockout in the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment or temporary mold to form round apertures to accommodate the round modular accessible nodes when the intersecting adjacent partial circular corners are assembled.
- the sides created by the biased corners be of equal length and that the remaining sides also be of equal length, but not necessarily equal to the length of the sides created by the biased corners.
- the modular accessible node is a square with the sides equal to the sides created by the biased corners of the modular-accessible-unit.
- a triangular modular-accessible-unit has biased corners, resulting in a hexagon
- the modular-accessible-unit is a hexagon with the sides equal to the sides created by the biased corners of the modular-accessible-unit.
- this invention describes a workable pattern developed by having triangular modular-accessible-units with only two biased corners, resulting in pentagonally shaped modular-accessible-units.
- the resulting pattern shows 6 5-sided modular-accessible-units clustered around a junction point having no modular accessible node while 6 hexagonally shaped modular accessible nodes are located at the outer perimeter of the cluster. The pattern is repeated throughout the array.
- this invention includes equilateral octagons and hexagons produced, respectively, by biasing the corners of squares or triangles, where the modular-accessible-units are large the modular accessible nodes become so large as to be impractical in many ordinary applications.
- the crosswise width span of an equilateral octagon is 24 inches (600mm)
- the sides of the resulting modular accessible node are almost 10 inches (250mm) in length, which would generally provide an excessive amount of accessibility space for most conductor passage and connection situations, except in special situations in manufacturing plants, research facilities, and the like. Therefore, it is generally preferred that the sides of the hand access openings in the modular accessible nodes range in length from 4 inches (100mm) to 8 inches (200mm).
- Modular accessible node boxes may be the same size as the modular accessible node hand access openings or 2 inches (50mm) to 6 inches (150mm) greater in size than the modular accessible node hand access openings.
- the modular accessible nodes are merely to provide an opening for passage of conductors from below the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix to equipment disposed above the array of modular-accessible-units with no modular accessible node box to be located in the modular accessible node site
- the modular accessible node may be even smaller, generally no smaller than 1 inch (25mm) on a side although, for passage of a single small conductor, 3/8 inch (10mm) on a side is feasible.
- Modular accessible plank nodes are generally 1 inch (25mm) to 4 inches (100mm) in width and with no real limit as to length when used with modular-accessible-plank floors.
- teachings of this invention provide functionally important and desirable combinations of this invention as in the following illustrated examples: - modular-accessible-units with biased corners of 4-inch (100mm) length plus corresponding 4 inch by 4 inch (100mm by 100mm) modular accessible nodes plus 4 inch by 4 inch (100mm by 100mm) modular accessible passage nodes for the functional desirable flexibility of having connectivity for cordsets and conductor passage nodes at any functionally required potential modular accessible node site within the array of modular- accessible-units - modular-accessible-units with biased corners of 4-inch (100mm) length plus corresponding 4 inch by 4 inch (100mm by 100mm) modular accessible nodes plus 4 inch by 4 inch (100mm by 100mm) modular accessible passage nodes plus 4 inch by 4 inch (100mm by 100mm) modular accessible poke-through nodes for the functionally desirable flexibility of having connectivity for cordset nodes, conductor passage nodes, and poke- through nodes at any functionally required potential modular accessible node site within the array of modular-accessible-units.
- the modular-accessible-units may include any of the following: - modular-accessible-tiles, which also include modular- accessible-laminates and modular-accessible-carpets - modular-accessible-planks - modular-accessible-pavers modular-accessible-matrix-units.
- the modular-accessible-units may have any polygonal shape having three or more sides, which complements and accommodates the shape of the modular accessible nodes which are disposed in the spaces created by adjacent intersecting biased corners of the modular-accessible-units.
- the modular-accessible-units have varying width-to-length ratios and thicknesses as follows:
- - modular-accessible-planks width-to-length ratio of 1 to 2 or greater and less than 2 to 60 and a thickness of 1 percent to 20 percent of the shorter span modular-accessible-pavers - width-to-length ratio of 1 to 1 or greater and less than 1 to 2 and a thickness of 10 percent to 50 percent of the greater span
- the modular-accessible-units may comprise suspended structural load-bearing cast plates which are tightly abutted and which may be joined at their edges by an accessible flexible-assembly-joint.
- the accessible flexible-assembly-joint may be an elastomeric sealant or an unfilled butt joint.
- the cast plates may be supported at external points of bearing which may be the perimeter sides of the cast plate, the adjacent intersecting biased corners of the cast plates, or a combination of the perimeter sides and adjacent intersecting biased corners of the cast plates in a single simple span without cantilevers .
- Each suspended structural load-bearing cast plate must have at least three external points of bearing.
- the cast plates may be adapted to accommodate any of the following types of spans:
- a basic cast plate modular- accessible-tile of this invention would be a square, rectangular or triangular cast plate modular-accessible-tile without the biased corners illustrated in the drawings.
- the suspended structural load-bearing cast plates are divided into ranges of thickness as follows: - Micro thickness - up to and including 1/2 inch (13mm) - Mini thickness - greater than 1/2 inch (13mm) and less than 1 inch (25mm) - Maxi thickness - greater than 1 inch (25mm)
- the cast plates are manufactured by filling an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment with an uncured concrete matrix having bonding characteristics for developing a permanent, structural bond between the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment and the concrete matrix when, cured, forming thereby a suspended structural. load-bearing monolithic dimensionally stable composite cast plate.
- the cast plates may be manufactured by placing an uncured concrete matrix in a temporary mold as in single mold casting.
- the uncured concrete matrix may be densified in the mold by one or more methods, such as, vibration, shocking, or a. combination of these methods, and the like.
- the uncured concrete matrix may be further enhanced: - The top surface of the cast plate seeded with decorative aggregate
- the addition of retarders to produce exposed aggregate cast units for receiving after curing a coated wearing surface such as, urethane, polyester, vinyl, vinylester, acrylic, melamine, epoxy, furan, and the like, the coating producing a uniform flush height to the units.
- Special mechanized casting methods may also be used, such as, multiple mold dewatered casting, multiple eggcrate mold casting, the use of heavy duty hydraulic presses, mechanical presses, air pod presses, and the like. These methods are particularly appropriate for manufacturing suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plates and cast paver plates where a permanent bottom tension reinfcrcement containment is not desired. After demolding and curing, the cast plates form a monolithic, dimensionally stable load-bearing unit.
- a cast plate modular-accessible-plank is made in the same manner as other cast plate modular-accessible-units. It may have a flat bottom or the deformed generally hat shape described for other cast plate modular-accessible-units of this invention. Its long linear shape makes it suitable for multiple continuous spans on the long axis and for simple spans on the short axis, with and without cantilevers, to fit the linear nature of conductor runs for access in corridors and aisles between office and manufacturing equipment, partitions, counters, desks, and the like, in office, commercial, educational, manufacturing facilities, and the like.
- the cast plate, modular-accessible-planks are arranged in a pattern layout with several corresponding modular accessible node types.
- the modular-accessible-planks may be of uniform or random lengths and of uniform or random widths.
- the ends of the modular-accessible-planks may be lined up in a soldier pattern, may be staggered at midpoint in the plank or may be randomly staggered in their discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout wherein the nodes are correspondingly disposed as dictated by evolutionary functional needs.
- Modular accessible nodes, modular accessible passage nodes, and modular accessible poke-through nodes are accommodated in an array of modular-accessible-planks by means of biased corners or notches in the perimeter sides on either the long or short axis.
- Modular accessible plank nodes are narrow nodes disposed at the spaced-apart ends of the modular-accessible- planks.
- cast plate modular-accessible-planks are disposed over matrix conductors accommodated within a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage- and-support-matrix. Referring to the drawings, Fig. 84 illustrates both points of bearing and points of registry and bearing as means of support.
- the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment is formed by any means, such as, die stamping, rollforming, precision cutting, vacuum forming, injection molding, and the like, to obtain a replicative, precisionsized, permanent mold, thus producing a precision-sized self-forming cast plate.
- the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment is made of any suitable material, such as, metal, plastic, fiber-reinforced cementitious board, polymer concrete, multi-layer scrims impregnated with cement, multi-layer scrims impregnated with resin, hardboard, and the like.
- the materials may be conductive or non-conductive.
- the conductive materials are discretely selected and assembled to provide modular-accessible-units having electric resistance in conformance with applicable provisions of National Fire Protection Association Standard 99 so that conductive wearing surface materials, when combined with the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment and the reinforcement in the reinforced cementitious concrete and reinforced polymer concrete materials, provide singularly or in combination one or more the following benefits: - electromagnetic interference
- the op en- f aced b ottom tens i o n re in fo rcement containment may be generally flat rectangular in cross-sectional profile or generally inverted-hat- shape .
- the use o f a deformed bottom or an inverted-hat- shape profile provides increased weight reduction while retaining strength and stiffness at the points of maximum moment, permanent mechanical bonding of the concrete matrix to the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment, and increased conductor passage below the perimeter edge zone of the cast plate .
- the inverted-hat-shaped modular-accessible-unit cross-sectional profile offers equally beneficial structural, weight, and cost advantages for modular-accessible-planks with a long linear accessible shape corresponding to the inherently long linear nature o f many o f the matrix conductors accommodated in the lo ad-bearing three -dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix.
- the bott om o f the open - fac ed b ot t om tension reinforcement containment may be deformed for greater strength of the resulting cast plate and to allow the use of cross-sectional shapes which are lighter in weight as a result of using less concrete than conventional flat shapes with rectangular cross-sectional profiles .
- the deformed bottom may also have a star, grid, dimple, perforated pattern or the like.
- the open- f aced b ottom ten s ion re in fo rcement containment has a cross-sectional shape configured to fit three different structural zones within the cast plate, which include the following:
- the center zone o f greatest internal moment and thicker depth -
- the intermediate zone of intermediate internal moment and shear which is smaller in thickness than either the center zone of greatest internal moment or the perimeter edge zone -
- the perimeter edge zone which includes alternating perimeter bearing zones at perimeter sides abutting the perimeter bearing zones at perimeter sides of adjacent cast plates and perimeter bearing zones at biased corners which coincide with the biased corners of the cast plates, the perimeter edge zone providing greater shear strength to the suspended structural load-bearing cast plate.
- Fig. 24 and Fig. 27-33 illustrate some of the applicable cross-sectional profiles and turned-up perimeter edges of this invention.
- the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment has tightly formed corners to properly contain the uncured concrete matrix.
- the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment may be constructed as follows: - an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment comprising a bottom and three or more integral sides - an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment comprising a bottom and three or more integral sides with inward-extended flanges - an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment comprising a bottom and three or more integral sides with outward-extended flanges
- an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment comprising a bottom and three or more integral sides with inward-extended flanges horizontally engaged in perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strips with a cushion-edge shape
- an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment created by affixing a channel to each of the sides of a flat sheet, the top surface of the bottom flange of the channel affixed to the bottom surface of an offset in the side of the flat sheet to form a flat coplanar bottom surface for the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment
- an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment created by affixing a channel to the top surface of each of the sides of a flat sheet, the bottom flange of the channel horizontally engaged in a perimeter linear protective, edge reinforcement strip .
- a cushion-edge shape an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment created by affixing ah angle to each of the sides of a flat sheet, the bottom surface of the horizontal leg of the angle affixed to the top surface of the flat sheet
- an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment created, by affixing an angle to each of the sides of a flat sheet, the top surface of the horizontal leg of the angle affixed to the bottom surface of an offset in the side of the flat sheet to form a flat coplanar bottom surface for the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment
- an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment created by affixing an angle to each of the sides of a flat sheet, the vertical leg of the angle vertically engaged in perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strips with a cushion-edge shape an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment created by affixing a perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip with a cushion-edge shape to each of the sides of a flat sheet, the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip becoming an integral laminated edge when the uncured concrete matrix is cured.
- the channels and angles forming the sides of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment may be affixed to the flat sheets forming the bottom of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment by any means including the following:
- the s ide s o f the open - f a ce d b ot t om ten s i o n reinforcement containment may be generally vertical, sloping inward or sloping outward.
- the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strips of the open- faced bottom tens ion reinforcement containment may be made of any type of vinyl, rubber, metal, wood, plastic, laminated high-pressure laminates , laminated melamine, natural stone, manmade stone, and the like .
- the turned-up perimeter edges can be any of the following, those il lustrated in the drawings, or the like:
- the p e rimete r l inear prot ective edge reinforcement strip made of one or more rigid, semi- flexible or flexible materials selected from the group consisting of plastic, rubber, vinyl , elastomeric, wood, and metal
- Exposed-to-wear edges may beneficially be covered with an enduring metal facing or an enduring facing of rubber, vinyl, other plastic or the like.
- Metals may be bronze, brass, stainless steel, zinc, aluminum, and the like.
- Durable coatings and paints such as, epoxy, urethane, vinyl, acrylic, vinyl-acrylic, polyester, and the like, may also be used to coat the exposed-to-wear surfaces of the metal edge of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment.
- the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment forming the cast plate has a crosswise width span equal to unity or multiples thereof and a foreshortened diagonal width span ranging from unity to the square root of 2 (1.4142135) correspondingly proportionate to the crosswise width span.
- the foreshortened diagonal width span is obtained by biasing the corners of the modular-accessible-units to accommodate the modular accessible nodes.
- the diagonal width span is foreshortened to obtain a number of synergistic multi-functional results, such as:
- each modular-accessible-unit at the external points of bearing, such as, - the perimeter sides of the cast plate
- inter changeability of one modular-accessible-unit for another is a prominent feature o f this invention - the neces sity of cutting apertures in the computer access floor panels of the existing art and installing connectivity boxes in the panels makes inter changeability of the panels and access to the conductors below the panels difficult.
- the structural open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment provides the structural reinforcement required by the suspended structural load-bearing cast plate when the cast plates are loaded as single simple spans, single simple spans with cantilevers , multiple continuous spans , and multiple continuous spans with cantilevers .
- the foreshortening of the diagonal width span results in the proportionate reduction of the internal moment, external moment, deflection, internal stress, and shear generally by a factor approaching or equal to unity divided by the square root of 2.
- the reduction provides a cast plate of lighter weight, greater cost effectiveness, and the following characteristics: the cast plate having its greatest thickness determined by the maximum moment occurring within the center zone of greatest moment portion of the resulting crosswise width span - the cast plate having its least thickness to reduce weight determined by the lower intermediate internal moment and lower intermediate shear at the intermediate zone surrounding the center zone of greatest moment of the resulting crosswise width span - the cast plate having the thickness of its perimeter edge zone increased an amount sufficient to carry the shear which is greatest at the external points of bearing the foreshortened diagonal width span being an amount equal to unity, greater than unity or less than the square root of 2 (1.4142135) the crosswise width span being equal to unity - the full corner-to-corner diagonal width span shortened to the foreshortened diagonal width span to accommodate the modular accessible nodes in the spaces
- the reduction provides a cast plate of lighter weight, greater cost effectiveness, and the following characteristics: the ca s t p l ate having it s greatest thicknes s determined by the maximum moment occurring within the center zone o f greatest moment portion o f the resulting crosswise width span - the cast plate having its least thickness to reduce weight determined by the lower intermediate internal mo ment and l owe r i nt e rme di at e s he ar at the intermediate zone surrounding the center zone o f greatest moment of the resulting crosswise width span - the cast plate having the thickness of its perimeter edge zone increased an amount sufficient to carry the shear which is greatest at the external points of bearing
- the foreshortened diagonal width span being an amount equal to unity and equal to the crosswise width span the crosswise width span being equal to unity and equal to the foreshortened diagonal width span
- the cast plate may beneficially be reinforced by any suitable means at the following points :
- the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment is preferably structural, forming the bottom tension reinforcement of the cast plate by the bonding of the concrete matrix to the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment and forming an integral containment form for the ingredients of the concrete matrix which harden to structurally bond to the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment and form an integrally bonded load- bearing compression plate with a top wearing surface with limited ability to carry cantilevers.
- a bond-enhancing, additive-modified cementitious concrete may be used containing one or more bond enhancers and additives, such as, silica fume, latex, acrylic, latex-acrylic, polyester, epoxy, and the like, to increase the bond between the cementitious concrete matrix and the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment.
- An additive-enhanced cementitious concrete containing one or more additives such as, silica fume, latex, acrylic, latex-acrylic, polyester, epoxy, organic and inorganic colorings, and the like, may also be used to enhance bond to the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment.
- polymer concrete has good inherent bonding properties and may also be used to achieve an enhanced bond between the polymer concrete matrix and the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment and to reinforce the cast plate.
- the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment may have the bottom or sides reinforced to enhance bond, increase bottom tension reinforcement beyond the. amount provided by the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment, and enhance composite interaction by one or more of the following means : - two or more uniaxial coplanar reinforcing bars welded, fused or adhered to the bottom o f the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment - two or more uniaxial deformed reinforcing bars welded, fused or adhered to the bottom o f the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment
- a thin layer of fluidtight paper or plastic may beneficially be applied externally to the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment to contain the concrete matrix. In most cases, however, the concrete matrix mix is sufficiently stiff to not require this exterior encapsulation.
- the concrete matrix of the cast plate may have top tension reinforcement placed beneficially just below the top of the concrete matrix on legs, chairs or the like attached to the bottom of the top tension reinforcement by tying, welding, fusing or adhering to the top tension reinforcement by any suitable means to properly position the top reinforcement just below the top of the concrete matrix, thereby increasing the ability of the cast plate to handle negative internal moments created by multiple continuous spans and cantilevers.
- the top tension reinforcement of the concrete matrix of the cast plate may be any suitable reinforcement means, such as, hardware cloth, welded wire fabric, woven wire cloth, metallic reinforcing mesh, steel reinforcing bars, deformed steel reinforcing bars, plastic reinforcing bars, deformed plastic reinforcing bars, steel fibers, plastic fibers, polymer reinforcing mesh, glass fibers, fiberglass reinforcing mesh, organic plant fibers, and the like.
- suitable reinforcement means such as, hardware cloth, welded wire fabric, woven wire cloth, metallic reinforcing mesh, steel reinforcing bars, deformed steel reinforcing bars, plastic reinforcing bars, deformed plastic reinforcing bars, steel fibers, plastic fibers, polymer reinforcing mesh, glass fibers, fiberglass reinforcing mesh, organic plant fibers, and the like.
- the top tension reinforcement comprises one or more means, such as:
- General fiber reinforcement throughout the concrete matrix o f the cast plate may be used by itself or in combination with any of the other types of reinforcement disclosed herein.
- the cast plate ductility and the ductility of the wearing surface of the cast plate are enhanced.
- Steel fibers, plastic fibers, glass fibers, and the like are dispersed throughout the concrete matrix by one or more of the following means : - uniform dispersement of the reinforcement, followed by vibrating and shocking into place uniform dispersement and pressure troweling the reinforcement into position - pressing and compacting into place - placing the concrete matrix in layers, alternating with uniformly dispersed layers of reinforcement fibers.
- the top wearing surface of the cast plate may be reinforced by means of placing additional reinf crcement, such as, steel fibers, steel fiber mats, plastic fibers, plastic fiber mats, glass fibers, glass fiber mats, metallic filings, and the like, in the top portion of the concrete matrix, generally in the top 1/8 inch (3mm) to 1/2 inch (13mm) of the cast plate.
- the reinforcement may be added by any means, such as, one or more of the means discussed above for general re in f o r cement .
- the uncured concrete matrix is placed in the open-faced bottom tension feinforcement containment for curing.
- the required permanent structural bond is obtained between the concrete matrix and the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment once curing has taken place by one or more means, such as, the following:
- cementitious concrete - additive-enhanced cementitious concrete By selecting the concrete matrix from one of the following: cementitious concrete - additive-enhanced cementitious concrete,. one or more additives being selected from silica fume, latex, acrylic, latex-acrylic, polyester, epoxy. organic and inorganic colorings, and the like
- bond-enhancing, additive-modified cementitious concrete to which one or more bond enhancers and additives have been added, such as, silica fume, latex, acrylic, latex-acrylic, polyester, epoxy, and the like
- Optimally grading and selecting the aggregates to fill the pores between the larger aggregates in the c ⁇ crete matrix such as, river sand, silica sand, gravel, slag, pumice, perlite, vermiculite, expanded shale , crushed stone , marble chips , marble dust , met a ll i c f i l ings , c alc ium carbonate , ceramic microspheres, plastic microspheres, and the like
- polymer concrete comprise s a mix wherein the water us ed in conventional cementitious concrete mixes is replaced with the polymer resin and catalyst and absolutely dry aggregates are used .
- po lymers may also be used as addit ives in cementitious concrete mixes and this method is disclosed herein.
- new polymer concrete mixes are being developed wherein the dry aggregates are not required to be absolutely dry, and this method is usable in the teachings of this invention.
- the ingredients in the uncured concrete matrix for the cast plates are thoroughly blended by any of a number of existing mix methods and equipment and then placed in the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment which serves as a permanent mold. The ingredients may be placed in the container all at the same time and mixed.
- two or more ingredients may be placed in the container and mixed, any remaining ingredients added to the mixture one or more at a time and mixed.
- Percolation may be used in polymer concrete mixes and entails the placement of the dry ingredients in the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment, dispersement spraying or pouring the polymer resin and catalyst over the dry ingredients which have been well, blended, and allowing the polymer resin and catalyst to percolate or filter down through the dry ingredients to form a blended mix.
- a first application of polymer resin and catalyst may be made to the inside of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment prior to placement of the dry ingredients therein. The order in which the polymer resin and catalyst is applied may also be reversed. Percolation may be utilized in one or more succeeding layers.
- the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment containing the cementitious concrete mix or polymer concrete mix, whether mixed or percolated may be vibrated, shocked, vibrated and shocked, or shocked and vibrated.
- Curing of the cementitious c'oncrete cast plates of this invention is obtained by means of enclosed steam curing, enclosed wet saturation curing, enclosed wet saturation and heat curing, curing in a super-insulated envelope, or by a combination of two or more of these methods. Curing of polymer concrete cast plates of this invention is accomplished quickly by conventional room-temperature curing means and by supplementary heat or radiation curing of the known art.
- the suspended structural load-bearing cast plates have a number of wearing surfaces.
- An integral wearing surface may be produced by open-faced casting in the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment, the cast plate and the integral wearing surface being any of the following, or the like:
- a terrazzo cast plate of cementitious concrete having selected aggregates and an integral wearing surface
- the cured terrazzo cast plate being precision ground for flatness of the integral wearing surface, precision gauged to thickness, and precision fine ground and polished for appearance grade and functional wearing surface
- a cast plate of polymer concrete having an integral wearing surface - a terrazzo cast plate of polymer concrete having selected aggregates and an integral wearing surface, the cured terrazzo cast plate precision ground for flatness of the integral wearing surface, precision gauged to thickness, and precision fine ground and polished for appearance grade and functional wearing surface.
- Selected aggregates such as, washed gravel, natural stone chips, manmade stone chips, and the like, may be included in the integral wearing surface of the terrazzo cast plates.
- the integral wearing surface may also be embossed by means of roll-in pressure, press-in pressure, embossed pattern hand press-in pressure, roll-in and press-in pressure, mechanical press pressure, air press pressure, hydraulic press pressure, and the like, to provide improved slip resistance, crack resistance, and appearance.
- a densified wearing surface may be applied integrally into the top surface of the uncured concrete matrix at the time of casting.
- the densified wearing surface may include any type of resin or cementitious cement with bonded metallic filings.
- the bonded metallic filings are troweled into position to form the densified wearing surface.
- a coating wearing surface may be applied to the cured top surface of the concrete matrix.
- Suitable coatings are urethane, polyester, vinyl, vinylester, furan, acrylic, melamine, epoxy, and the like.
- An applied, wearing surface may be applied by adhesive means to the top surface of the concrete matrix of the cast plates after full curing has taken place.
- Suitable materials include rubber, vinyl, linoleum, cork, leather, high-pressure laminate, composition, ceramic tile, quarry tile, brick, paver, stone, hardwoods, softwoods, metal, carpet, and the like.
- the cast plates may have an applied wearing surface applied integrally just after casting into the top surface of the uncured concrete matrix placed in the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment.
- the applied wearing surface may be ceramic tiles, quarry tiles, cementitious concrete tiles, polymer concrete tiles, stone tiles, brick tiles, marble tiles, granite tiles, treated hardwood tiles, and treated softwood tiles, and the like.
- a bonding agent may be rolled, poured, sprayed or curtain coated on one or both surfaces - the under side of the applied wearing surface and the uncured concrete matrix.
- An alternate method of integrally applying the applied wearing surface to the uncured concrete matrix is to use the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment in part as a conventional mold or form.
- the applied wearing surface face is placed face down on a platen.
- the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment is placed open-face-down over the applied wearing surface and the uncured concrete matrix i s p l ac ed in the op en - f ac ed bottom tens ion reinforcement containment through two or more holes in the upturned b ottom o f t he op en - f ac ed .
- b o tt om tens i on reinforcement containment on top of the applied wearing surface is to use the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment in part as a conventional mold or form.
- the casting is allowed to cure and the cured cast plate is demolded as a single composite finished product comprising an open- faced bottom tension reinforcement containment, a concrete matrix core, and an applied wearing surface.
- a bond breaker or release agent may be applied by any means to the surface of the platen to assure the release of the cured cast plate .
- the cast plates may beneficially be compressed and compacted to increase their load-carrying capability by means o f gravity hand pres sure , roller pressure, hydraulic pressure, compressed air pressure, and the like.
- the treatment of the hardwood and softwood tiles is s e lected from the known art from applied finishes , preservative impregnation, monomer impregnation followed by polymerization by means of the introduction of a catalyst, monomer impregnation followed by polymerization by means of irradiation, and vacuum monomer impregnation followed by polymerization by means of vacuum irradiation.
- vitreous, semi-vitreous, concrete, and natural stone applied wearing surfaces may also be treated to obtain a penetrating, durable finish by the same means described for the monomer impregnation and polymerization of hardwood and softwood tiles .
- the materials must be treated prior to application of the applied wearing surfaces to the cast plates .
- the preferred method of treatment for these materials and the wood materials is by vacuum monomer impregnation followed by polymerization by means of vacuum irradiation.
- drying or semi-drying oils may be impregnated into the pores of the applied wearing surfaces to produce stain-resistant qualities after they have been impregnated with a monomer and the monomer has been polymerized.
- the oils which may be used are linseed, tung, lemon, tall, perilla, soybean, sunflower, cottonseed, gunstock, oitica, dehydrated castor oil, and the like.
- the cast plates may have accent joints in the wearing surface routed in the wearing surface and filled with accent strips of wood, vinyl, rubber or elastomeric sealant.
- the accent strips for modular-accessible-units of micro thickness may be disposed directly in the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment and the concrete matrix cast around the accent strips.
- Accent strips in modular-accessible-units of mini or maxi thickness may have the wearing surface laminated to a core filler of alternative materials to accommodate the greater thickness of the concrete matrix.
- the accent strips may be aligned and held in place by means of stiffening ribs, strips of perforations or barbs, and the like in the bottom of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment.
- Accent strips of metal such as, T-shapes, angles, channels, and the like may be integrally cast face up or cast face down against alignment and positioning jigs. All accent joints may be attached to the top tension reinforcement and cast face up or cast face down.
- the polygonally-shaped suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plates are disposed over a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage- and-support-matrix comprising coplanar spaced-apart assembly bearing pads. Matrix conductors are accommodated by the assembly bearing pads and in the spaces between the assembly bearing pads.
- a flexible modular positioning layer typically a flexible sheet and sometimes comprising a vapor barrier, is disposed over the load-bearing support system.
- a granular substrate layer may be placed between the load-bearing support system and the flexible modular positioning layer.
- the suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plates are disposed over the assembly bearing pads.
- a predetermined pattern layout of assembly bearing pad bearing points may be marked on the top surface of the flexible modular positioning layer to position the assembly bearing pads.
- the assembly bearing pads may be disposed loose laid on the markings.
- a foam horizontal-disassociation-cushioning-layer may be loose laid above or below the flexible modular positioning layer at least at the bearing point markings to provide cushioning and enhanced impact sound isolation. Further, the foam horizontal- disassociation-cushioning-layer may have adhesive on both its faces, typically a peel-off, self-stick adhesive type, and may adhere the bottom of the assembly bearing pads to the pattern layout on the flexible modular positioning layer.
- the assembly bearing pads may be rigid assembly registry bearing pads, elastomeric assembly registry bearing pads, rigid assembly engagement registry bearing pads, elastomeric assembly engagement registry bearing pads, and the like.
- the assembly bearing pads may have registry points which coincide with mating registry points on the underside of the cast paver plates.
- the assembly bearing pads are loaded in a single simple span /mode or single span with cantilevers mode to limit inherently the internal balancing moment tension stress to a range between 5 percent and 30 percent of the cured compressive strength of the cast paver plate and to an amount less than the load-to-span induced internal moment tension stresses when the cast paver plate is arranged in a selected replicative accessible pattern layout.
- Moldcast plates may be replicatively manufactured of a number of materials, such as, dense flexible foam, dense rigid foam, any type of cast cementitious concrete or cast polymer concrete, any type of cast natural rubber or cast manmade rubber, any type of cast polymer or injection-molded polymer, or any type of metal pressure stamp forming means. Other acceptable methods include cutting out to shape, heat and pressure forming, and embossed stamping out of wood fibers, solid woods laminated, plywood, microlam plywood, particleboard, oriented particleboard, and hardboard. Moldcast plates may be assembled into patterns by scrim layers, plastic and rubber single-ply or multi-ply laminated sheets, uniaxis strips, crosswise strips formed into grids, or any type of plastic, metal, cementitious, or wood-based sheet.
- the moldcast plates and the cast paver plates have a thickness and a span-to-load ratio sized to limit the internal balancing moment tension stresses to a range between 5 percent and 30 percent of the cured compressive strength of the units and to an amount less than the load-to-span induced external moment tension stress.
- the cast plates are precision sized, identically replicated for complete interchangeability. When the corners of the cast plates have biased corners, modular accessible nodes are accommodated at the intersecting adjacent corners.
- the load-bearing support system may be any horizontal-base-surface previously disclosed in my previous patents, such as, a suspended structural floor, a concrete slab at grade or below grade, a granular substrate at grade or below grade, and the like, or may be one of the horizontal-base-surfaces disposed and positioned as follows:
- the suspended structural load-bearing support system for the poke-through integrated floor/ceiling conductor management system of this invention may be any one of the following suspended structural load-bearing support systems :
- the matrix conductors may be any power, electronic, fiber optic, fluid, power superconductivity, power semiconductivity, electronic superconductivity, and electronic semiconductivity conductors produced in any form, such as, the following: - flat conductor cable ribbon conductor cable
- the teachings of this invention describe poke-through integrated floor/ ceiling conductor management systems including arrays of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units , arrays of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units plus modular accessible nodes , modular acces sible pas s age nodes and modul ar acces s ible poke-through nodes , and arrays of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-matrices disposed over matrix conductors of all types which are accommodated within a lo ad-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix which is disposed over a suspended structural load-bearing support system.
- the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix is adhered to the suspended structural load-bearing support system or, alternatively, the load-bearing three-dimens ional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix is loose laid over the top surface of the suspended structural load-bearing support system.
- the poke-through integrated floor/ceiling conductor management systems for new construction have time/temperature fire-rated poke-through devices previously known to the art precision located and modularly disposed at potential modular accessible poke-through node sites .
- Each modular accessible poke -through no de o f the p oke-through integrate d floor/ ceiling conductor management system communicates through the suspended structural load-bearing support system by means of the time /temperature fire-rated poke-through device from a floor modular accessible poke-through node to a ceiling modular accessible poke-through node to accommodate the passage of matrix conductors from within the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-pas sage-and-support-matrix.
- the floor modular accessible poke-through node comprises one of the following: - a junction box for the modular accessible poke-through node disposed below the center area of a modular- accessible-unit and accommodated within the load- bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommo dative- passage-and-support-matrix and communicating with selected types of matrix conductors - a modular accessible poke-through node disposed between adjacent modular-accessible-units of the array and disposed within the load-bearing three- dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and- support-matrix and communicating with selected types of matrix conductors.
- the ceiling modular accessible poke-through node comprises one of the following: a ceiling modular accessible poke-through node communicating to and terminating to an outlet box for communicating with a single exposed-to-view fixture for lighting, speakers, detectors, sensors, and the like, with the outlet box concealed- by trim and the single fixture
- ceiling modular accessible poke-through nodes communicating to and terminating to an exposed- to-view uniaxial, biaxial or triaxial single cell or multicell raceway channel matrix with termination concealed by trim of the channel matrix
- ceiling modular accessible poke-through nodes communicating to and terminating to an exposed- to-view uniaxial, biaxial, triaxial integrated fluorescent channel fixture, having a combination conductor passage channel and fixture channel matrix accommodating power, lighting, sensors, and detection conductors, and the like.
- the elements making up the poke-through integrated floor/ ceiling conductor management system are modularly disposed and coordinated before the potential. modular accessible poke-through node sites to accommodate the poke-through devices are cast or cut .
- the potential modular accessible poke-through node sites are selectively integrated and coordinated as to their positions with the modular position, spacing, and size of the modular-accessible-units, the modular-accessible-units plus modular accessible nodes and modular access ible pas sage nodes , or the modular-accessible-matrix-units so they are disposed in a discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout which is integrated to the size and modularly coordinated spacing of top and bottom reinforcement in the joists , beams and girders of the suspended structural load-bearing support system and the location o f utilit ies , electrical and electronic conductors, mechanical and electrical equipment, the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix, and the ceiling below the suspended structural load-bearing support system.
- Precision- sized apertures for accommodating modular accessible poke- through nodes are cast into the suspended structural load-bearing support system or cut through the suspended structural load-bearing support system at the potential
- the discretely selected special rep l ic ative acces s ib le pattern layout is modularly co ordinated by means of metallic-sens ing equipment , exploratory investigations , as-built drawings, original drawings, and field observation with the position of the existing beams, the existing top and bottom reinforcing in the suspended structural load-bearing support system, the existing utilities, services, and conductors.
- each poke-through device is accessed and connected to from above through a modular-accessible-unit, a modular accessible node or a modular-accessible-unit plus modular accessible node, rather than from below in the conventional manner of the known art.
- the poke-through device may also be accessed from below the suspended structural load-bearing support system.
- the poke- through devices have their power and electronic connectivity supplied from above the suspended structural load-bearing support system by the matrix conductors accommodated in the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative- passage-and-support-matrix, rather than from below as in the known art.
- the discretely selected speciai replicative accessible pattern layout of modular-accessible-units, modular- accessible-units plus modular accessible nodes, modular accessible passage nodes or modular accessible poke-through nodes, and modular-accessible-matrix-units must have a size and a pattern which facilitates the coordination of the potential modular accessible poke-through node sites for the placement of the poke-through devices relative to the spacing of the top and bottom reinforcement in and the spacing of beams, joints in the suspended structural load-bearing support system, and top and bottom reinforcement of the suspended structural load-bearing support system.
- Modularly coordinated spacing of the elements in uniaxial, biaxial or triaxial parallel patterns of straight rows accommodates the passage of matrix conductors and permits accessibility to the poke-through devices and matrix conductors so the poke-through devices can be activated, deactivated, initially installed, and later installed in the modular accessible poke-through nodes.
- the poke-through devices are connected to the matrix conductors accommodated within the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and- support-matrix and are accessed from above through the modular-accessible-units, the modular-accessible-units plus modular accessible nodes or the modular-accessible-matrix-units.
- the poke-through devices may be accessed from below, either through the integral ceiling formed by the suspended structural load-bearing support system or through a ceiling disposed below the suspended structural load-bearing support system.
- the modular- accessible-units , modular accessible nodes, modular accessible passage nodes, modular accessible poke-through nodes, and the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix may have periodical repetitive bar encoding to accommodate ongoing evolutionary computer- assisted status updating of all poke- through integrated floor/ceiling conductor management systems and matrix conductor components .
- One or more of any type of conventional conductors and preassembled conductor assemblies may have bar encoding periodically and repetitively disposed along the entire length of the conductors disposed within the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-pas s age- and-support-matrix to facilitate reading of conductor type, class , capacity, assigned function, and the like, for the purpose of providing ongoing evolutionary bar code reading input directed to a computer for ongoing status updating and identificatiori in the evolutionary conductor management system of this invention.
- At least one horizontal-disassociation-cushioning- layer is disposed at all points o f bearing to provide increased sound isolation.
- FIG. 23 is a reflected plan, showing a -bottom view of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment of this invention with biased corners as the basic principle for enabling the accommodation of modular accessible nodes into a discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout o f suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units.
- Fig. 24 is a transverse, sectional view of the cast plate of this invention illustrated in Fig. 23 for single simple spans with biased corners for accommodating modular accessible nodes, modular accessible passage nodes, and modular accessible poke-through nodes, showing the cross- sectional profile of a deformed open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment filled with a concrete matrix.
- Fig. 25 is a top plan view of the cast plate of this invention for single simple spans with biased corners for accommodating modular accessible nodes, modular accessible passage nodes, and modular accessible poke-through nodes, showing an equilateral octagon formed by the biased corners of a square cast plate.
- Fig. 26 is a top plan view of the cast plate of this invention for single simple spans with biased corners for accommodating modular accessible nodes, modular accessible passage nodes, and modular accessible poke-through nodes, showing a rectangular cast plate with biased corners forming a biequilateral or elongated octagon.
- Fig. 27 is a transverse, sectional view of the cast plate of this invention, showing the cross-sectional profile of a flat-bottom open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment filled with a concrete matrix.
- Fig. 28 is a transverse, sectional view of the inverted-hat-shape cast plate of this invention, showing the cross-sectional profile of a deformed open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment filled with a concrete matrix.
- Fig . 2 9 is a transvers e , se cti onal view o f the unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment o f thi s invention , showing one o f the several deformed profiles of this invention.
- Fig . 30 is a transvers e , sect ional view o f the unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment o f thi s invention , showing one of the several deformed profiles of this invention.
- Fig. 31 is a transvers e , s ect i onal view of the unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment o f this invention , showing one o f the several deformed profiles of this invention.
- Fig. 32 i s a transvers e , secti onal view of the unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment of this invention, showing one of the several de fo rmed profiles of this invention .
- Fig . 33 i s a transverse , sectional view of the unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment o f this invention, showing one of the several deformed profiles of this invention.
- Fig. 34 is a top plan view of the array of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units of this invention, showing suspended structural load-bearing cast plates with biased corners, modular accessible passage nodes, and modular accessible poke-through nodes .
- Fig. 32 i s a transvers e , secti onal view of the unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment of this invention, showing one of the several de fo rmed profiles of this invention .
- Fig. 33 i s a transverse , sectional view of the unfilled open-face
- FIG. 35 is a top plan view of the array of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units of this invention, showing suspended structural load-bearing cast plates with biased corners , modular accessible nodes , and modular accessible poke-through nodes .
- Fig. 36 is a reflected plan, showing a bottom view of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment of this invention for single simple spans with biased corners for accommodating modular accessible nodes , mo dula r accessible passage nodes, and modular accessible poke-through nodes .
- Fig. 37 is a transverse, sectional view of one-half of the cast plate of this invention as illustrated in Fig. 36 for single simple spans for accommodating modular accessible nodes, modular accessible passage nodes, and modular accessible poke-through nodes, showing a deformed open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment filled with .
- Fig. 38 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of one-half of the cast plate of this invention as illustrated in Fig. 36 for single simple spans accommodating modular accessible nodes, modular accessible passage nodes, and modular accessible poke-through nodes, showing the filled deformed open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment of Fig. 37 with a cross section taken along the foreshortened diagonal width span axis.
- Fig. 39 is a top plan view of the cast plate of this invention, showing accent joints in the wearing surface of the cast plate.
- Fig. 40 is a transverse, sectional view of the modular-accessible-unit of this invention as illustrated in Fig. 39, showing the cross section of a cast plate taken along its crosswise width span axis.
- Fig. 41 is a transverse, sectional view of the modular-accessible-unit of this invention as illustrated in Fig. 39, showing the cross section of the cast plate of Fig. 40 along its foreshortened diagonal width span axis.
- Fig. 42 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter edge of the cast plate of this invention, showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment filled with a concrete matrix.
- Fig. 43 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter edge of the cast plate of this invention, showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment filled with a concrete matrix.
- Fig. 44 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter edge of the cast plate of this invention, showing an unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment.
- Fig. 45 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter edge of the cast plate of this invention, showing, an unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment.
- Fig. 46 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter edge of the cast plate of this invention, showing an unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment.
- Fig. 47 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter edge of the cast plate of this invention, showing an unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment.
- Fig. 48 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter edge of the cast plate of this invention, showing an unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment.
- Fig. 49 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter edge of the cast plate of this invention, showing an unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment.
- Fig. 50 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter edge of the cast plate of this invention, showing an unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment.
- Fig. 51 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter edge of the cast plate of this invention, showing an unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment.
- Fig. 52 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip of the cast plate of this invention, showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment filled with a concrete matrix.
- Fig. 53 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of ah illustrative perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip of the cast plate of this invention.
- Fig. 54 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip of the cast plate of this invention.
- Fig. 55 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip of the cast plate of this invention.
- Fig. 56 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip of the cast plate of this invention.
- Fig. 57 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip of the cast plate of this invention.
- Fig. 58 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip of the cast plate of this invention.
- Fig. 59 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip of the cast plate of this invention.
- Fig. 60 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip of the cast plate of this invention.
- Fig. 61 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip of the cast plate of this invention.
- Fig. 62 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment of this invention.
- Fig. 63 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment of this invention.
- Fig. 64 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment of this invention.
- Fig. 65 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment of this invention.
- Fig. 66 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment of this invention.
- Fig. 67 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment of this invention.
- Fig. 68 is omitted.
- Fig. 69 is omitted.
- Fig. 70 is omitted.
- Fig. 71 is omitted.
- Fig. 72 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the cast plate of this invention.
- Fig. 73 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the cast plate of this invention.
- Fig. 74 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the cast plate of this invention.
- Fig. 75 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the cast plate of this invention.
- Fig. 76 is; an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the cast plate of this invention.
- Fig. 77 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the cast plate of this invention.
- Fig. 78 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the cast plate of this invention.
- Fig. 79 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the cast plate of this invention.
- Fig. 80 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the cast plate of this invention.
- Fig. 81 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the cast plate of this invention.
- Fig. 82 is a reflected plan, showing a bottom view of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment with biased corners of this invention.
- Fig. 83 is a transverse, sectional view of the cast plate of this invention as illustrated in Fig. 82.
- Fig. 84 is a top plan view of a modular-accessible-plank with biased corners illustrated as the cast plate plank of this invention.
- Fig. 85 is a reflected plan, showing the cast plate with biased corners of this invention.
- Fig. 86 is a transverse, sectional view of the cast plate of this invention as illustrated in Fig. 85.
- Fig. 87 is a transverse, sectional view of the cast plate of this invention as illustrated in Fig. 88.
- Fig. 88 is a reflected plan, showing a bottom view of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment with biased corners of this invention.
- Fig. 89 is a transverse, sectional view of the cast plate of this invention as illustrated in Fig. 88, shown as a cross section taken along the crosswise width span axis for multiple continuous spans.
- Fig. 90 is a transverse, sectional view of the cast plate of this invention as illustrated in Fig. 88, shown as a cross section taken along the crosswise width span axis for multiple continuous spans with cantilevers .
- Fig. 91 is a top plan view of the array of modular- accessible-planks of this invention, accommodating modular accessible nodes.
- Fig. 92 is a top plan view of the array of modular- accessible-planks of this invention, accommodating modular accessible nodes.
- Fig. 93 is a top plan view of the array of modular- accessible-planks of this invention, accommodating modular accessible plank nodes.
- Fig. 94 is a top plan view of the array of modular- accessible-planks of this invention, accommodating modular accessible plank nodes.
- Fig. 95 is a top plan view of the array of modular-accessible-planks of this invention, accommodating modular accessible plank nodes.
- Fig. 96 is a top plan view of the array of modular-accessible-planks of this invention, accommodating modular accessible plank nodes.
- Fig. 97 is a reflected plan, showing a bottom view of the cast plate of this invention, the triangular cast plate illustrating perimeter sides, biased corners and three interchangeable points of registry and bearing.
- Fig. 98 is a reflected plan, showing a bottom view of the cast plate of this invention, the triangular cast plate being similar to the cast plate of Fig. 97.
- Fig. 99 is a reflected plan, showing a bottom view of the cast plate of this invention, the triangular cast plate being similar to the cast plates of Fig. 97 and Fig. 98.
- Fig. 100 is a top plan view of the array of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units of this invention.
- Fig. 101 is a top plan view of the array of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units of this invention.
- Fig. 102 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plate of this invention.
- Fig. 103 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plate of this invention.
- Fig. 104 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plate of this invention.
- Fig. 105 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plate of this invention.
- F i g . 10 6 is a top plan view of the suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plate of this invention.
- Fig . 10 8 is a top plan view of the suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plate of this invention.
- Fig . 10 9 is a top plan view o f the suspendedstructural load-bearing moldcast plate with biased corners of. this invention.
- Fig . 110 is a top plan view o f the suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plate of this invention.
- Fig . 111 is a top plan view of the suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plate with biased corners of this invention.
- Fig . 112 is a top plan view o f the suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plate of this invention.
- Fig . 113 is a top plan view o f the suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plate with biased corners of this invention.
- Fig. 114 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plate of this invention.
- Fig. 115 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plate of this invention.
- Fig. 116 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plate of this invention.
- Fig. 117 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plate of this invention.
- Fig. 118 is a top plan view of the array of suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plates of this invention, accommodating modular accessible nodes.
- Fig. 119 is a transverse, sectional view of the suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plate of this invention as illustrated in Fig. 118.
- Fig. 120 is a transverse, sectional view of the suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plate of this invention as illustrated in Fig. 118.
- Fig. 121 is a top plan view of the array of suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plates of this invention, accommodating modular accessible nodes.
- Fig. 122 is a top plan view of the assembly bearing pad of this invention as illustrated in Fig. 121 by two concentric circles having dash lines.
- Fig. 123 is a top plan view of the assembly bearing pad of this invention as illustrated in Fig. 121 by two concentric circles having dash lines.
- Fig. 124 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plates of this invention as illustrated in Fig. 121.
- Fig. 125 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plates of this invention as illustrated in Fig. 121.
- Fig . 23 is a reflected plan, showing a bottom view of the open-faced bottom tension reinf crcement containment 5 6 o f a cas t plate modul ar-accessible-unit with four biased corners 63 as the basic principle f or enabl ing the accommodation o f mo dul ar acces s ibl e nodes 90 into a discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units .
- the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 has four perimeter bearing zones 64 at the perimeter sides 79 and four perimeter bearing zones 65 at the biased corners 63 .
- the equilateral octagon illustrates the foreshortened diagonal width span 60 extending from one biased corner 63 to the opposite biased corner 63.
- the full corner-to-corner diagonal width span 62 extends diagonally from one co rner to another o f the indicated square-shaped cast plate prior to the biasing of the corners to produce the present octagonal shape.
- FIG. 1 Various structural zones shown are the center zone of greatest internal moment and thicker depth 57 created by the inverted-hat shape o f the open- faced bottom tens io n reinforcement containment 56, the intermediate zone 58 of intermediate internal moment and shear which cre ates a s lop ing transition between the center zone of greatest internal moment and thicker depth 57 and the perimeter edgezone 59 of thicker depth and greatest internal shear, and the perimeter edge zone 59 which encompasses at its outer perimeter the alternating perimeter bearing zones 64 at perimeter sides 79 and the perimeter bearing zones 65 at biased corners 63.
- Fig. 24 of this embodiment and Fig. 27-33 of later embodiments illustrate several typical cross sections of the cast plate, all bearing, on perimeter bearing zones 64 at perimeter sides 79 or on perimeter bearing zones 65 at biased corners 63.
- Fig. 27 shows a flat rectangular cross-sectional profile wherein the bottom surface of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 is flat and requires the largest amount of concrete matrix 55 of all the cross sections shown.
- Fig. 24 and Fig. 28-33 illustrate inverted-hat-shaped configurations wherein the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 assumes various configurations to conform with the differing sizes of zones 57, 58 and 59, the deforming of the bottom surface of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 adding greater strength to the cast plate and reducing the amount of concrete matrix 55 required to fill the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56.
- Fig. 24 shows a cross-sectional profile of the cast plate modular-accessible-unit illustrated in Fig. 23 for a single simple span with biased corners 63 for accommodating modular accessible nodes 90 and modular accessible passage nodes 91.
- the deformed open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of mini or maxi thickness has turned-up perimeter edges 95 and is filled with a concrete matrix 55.
- a coating wearing surface 84, one of the several wearing surfaces of this invention, is applied to the concrete matrix 55.
- the cast plate bears on the perimeter bearing zones 64 at the perimeter sides 79.
- Fig. 25 shows a top plan view of the cast plate modular-accessible-unit for a single simple span with biased corners accommodating modular accessible nodes 90 and modular accessible passage nodes 91, showing an equilateral octagon formed by the biased corners 63 of a square cast plate.
- the two crosswise width span axes 71 and the two foreshortened diagonal width span axes 72 are also shown.
- Fig. 26 shows a top plan view of the cast plate modular-accessible-unit, showing a rectangular cast plate with biased corners 63 forming a biequilateral or elongated octagon.
- Fig. 27 shows a cros s-sectional profile of a cast plate modular-accessible-unit, the flat-bottom open- faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of mini or maxi thicknes s filled with a concrete matrix 55, illustrating the perimeter bearing zones 64 at perimeter sides 79, the perimeter bearing zones 65 at biased corners 63 , and the outer load-bearing zone of thicker depth and greatest internal shear 70 .
- a densified wearing surface 85 is integrally cast with the concrete matrix 55 .
- This embodiment is suitable for all span variations of this invention, including single simple spans with and without cantilevers, with and without biased corners 63 , and multiple continuous spans with and without cantilevers , with and without biased corners 63 , all accommodat ing modular accessible nodes 90 and modular accessible passage nodes 91.
- THE TWENTY-THIRD EMBODIMENT OF THIS INVENTION Referring to the drawings , Fig .
- FIG. 28 shows a cross-s ectional pro fi le o f an inverted-hat-shape cast plate modular-accessible-unit for a single simple span with biased corners accommodating modular accessible nodes 90 and modular accessible passage nodes 91, the deformed open-faced bottom tens ion reinforcement containment 5 6 o f mini or maxi thickness filled with a concrete matrix 55, illustrating the perimeter bearing zones 65 at biased corners 63 and the outer load-bearing zone of thicker depth and greatest internal shear 70 .
- the concrete matrix 55 has an integral wearing surface 81, one of the several wearing surfaces of this invention.
- Fig. 30-33 show the bottom surfaces of the center zone of greatest internal moment and thicker depth 57 and the perimeter bearing zones 64, 65 to be coplanar.
- the east plates are disposed over a load-bearing three-dimens ional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 accommodating one or more matrix conductors 86 and disposed over a load-bearing support system 76.
- the deformed bottom surface of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 allows additional matrix conductors 86 to be run above the load-bearing three- dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support- matrix 75 and below the bottom surface of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 in the spaces created between the outer perimeter of the center zone of greatest internal moment and thicker depth 57 and the perimeter edge zone 59.
- Fig. 29-33 show cross-sectional profiles of several typical unfilled deformed open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containments 56 of mini or maxi thickness for single simple spans with biased corners 63 accommodating modular accessible nodes 90 and modular accessible passage nodes 91.
- Fig. 34 shows a top plan view of the array of suspended structural load-bearing cast plate modular-accessible-units, showing suspended structural load-bearing cast plates with biased corners 63 forming biequilateral or elongated octagons which enable the accommodation of the modular accessible passage nodes 91 and modular accessible poke-through nodes 97 indicated by the small shaded squares rotated at 45 degrees.
- the modular accessible passage nodes 91 accommodate the passage of matrix conductors 86 from the.
- Each modular accessible poke-through node 97 of the integrated floor/ceiling system communicates through the suspended structural load-bearing support system 76 from a floor modular accessible poke-through node 97 to a ceiling modular accessible poke-through node 97 by means of a time /temperature fire-rated poke-through device for passage of matrix conductors 86 from within the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor- accommodative-passage-and-support- matrix 75.
- Fig. 35 shows a top plan view of the array of suspended structural load-bearing cast plate modular-accessible-units, drawn at the same scale as Fig . 34 , showing suspended structural load-bearing cast plates 92 with biased corners 63 forming biequilateral or elongated octagons which enable the accommodation o f the modular accessible nodes 90 and modular accessible poke-through nodes 97 indicated by the larger unshaded squares rotated at 45 degrees .
- the modular accessible nodes 90 provide access to and connectivity with matrix conductors 86 accommodated in a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 disposed below the modular-accessible-units .
- Each modular accessible poke-through node 97 of the integrated floor/ceiling conductor management system communicates through the suspended structural load-bearing support system 7 6 from a fl o o r modular accessible poke-through node 97 to a ceiling modular a c c e s s i b l e p o k e - thr o ugh n o d e 97 b y m e a n s o f a time /temperature fire-rated poke-through device for pass age o f matrix conductor 8 6 within the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support -matrix 75.
- Fig. 36 is a reflected plan, showing a bottom view of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 for single simple spans for accommodating modular accessible nodes 90, the biased corners 63 of a square cast plate modular-accessible-unit forming a biequilateral or elongated octagon as the basic principle for enabling the accommodation of modular accessible nodes 90 into a discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units.
- center zone of greatest internal moment and thicker depth 66 created by the inverted-hat-shaped open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 66, the intermediate sloping transition zone 67, the shallow depth zone 68 where internal moment and shear stress are medium, the outer sloping transition zone 69, and the outer load-bearing zone of thicker depth and greatest internal shear 70 which includes the perimeter bearing zones
- Fig. 37 is a cross-sectional profile taken along the crosswise width span axis 71 of one-half of the cast plate modular-accessible-unit illustrated in Fig. 36, showing a deformed open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of mini or maxi thickness filled with a concrete matrix 55, supported on the perimeter bearing zone 64 at a perimeter side 79.
- the concrete matrix 55 illustrates an integral wearing surface 81, one of the several wearing surfaces of this invention.
- center zone of greatest internal moment and thicker depth 66 created by the invertedhat shape of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56, the intermediate sloping transition zone 67 between the shallow depth zone 68 and the center zone of greatest internal moment and thicker depth 66, the shallow depth zone 68, the outer sloping transition zone 69 between the shallow depth zone 68 and the outer load-bearing zone of thicker depth and greatest internal shear 70, and the outer load-bearing zone of thicker depth and greatest internal shear 70.
- Fig.. 38 is a cross-sectional profile taken along the foreshortened diagonal width span axis 72 of one-half of the cast plate modular-accessible-unit illustrated in Fig. 36, showing the filled deformed open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment of Fig. 37, supported on the perimeter bearing zone 65 at a biased corner 63.
- the figure shows the various zones and the illustrated integral wearing surface of Fig. 37.
- the figure also illustrates the greater thickness in the shallow depth zone 68 required to accommodate the extended span necessitated by the greater length of the foreshortened diagonal width span axis 72 to accommodate smaller-sized modular accessible nodes 90 at the biased corners 63.
- Fig. 39 is a top plan view of a cast plate modular-accessible-unit, showing accent joints 73 in the wearing surface of the cast plate having biased corners 63 to form a biequilateral or elongated octagon and provide the enabling means for accommodating modular accessible passage nodes 91 into a discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units.
- the two crosswise width span axes 71 and the two foreshortened diagonal width span axes 72 are also shown.
- Fig. 40 is a cross-sectional profile of the cast plate modular-accessible-unit for multiple continuous spans as illustrated in Fig. 39, showing the cross section of a cast plate of micro thickness taken along its crosswise width span axis 71 and having biased corners 63 to form a biequilateral or elongated octagon and provide the enabling means for accommodating modular accessible passage nodes 91 into a discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units.
- the modular-accessible-units are disposed over a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 of load-bearing plinths disposed over a load-bearing support system 76, a generally flat-bottom open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 having stiffening ribs 74 also facilitating the alignment of accent joints 73 in the wearing surface of the cast plate and providing alignment for complementary registry mating with the load-bearing three-dimensional- conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 at the points of registry and bearing 78. Additional points of bearing 77 are also shown where no registry is illustrated.
- FIG. 8 Also shown are areas of matrix conductor passage 87 between the multiple load-bearing plinths within the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-pas sage-and- support-matrix 75.
- the figure also shows a cast plate illustrating an integral wearing surface 81, one of the several wearing surfaces of this invention.
- Fig. 41 is a cross-sectional profile of the modular- accessible-unit for multiple continuous spans as illustrated in Fig. 39, showing one-half the cross section of the cast plate of micro thickness of Fig. 40 along its foreshortened diagonal width span axis 72.
- Fig. 42-51 show the turned-up perimeter edge 95 of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of a cast plate. Integrally formed edges 95 will be of the same material as the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56, while affixed turned-up perimeter edges 95 may be of a different material.
- the exposed-to-wear edge of Fig. 43 and Fig. 46-51 may beneficially be covered with an enduring metal facing or an enduring facing of rubber, vinyl, other plastic or the like. Metals for the facing may be bronze, brass, stainless steel, zinc, aluminum, and the like.
- the exposed-to-view wearing edges of metal may beneficially be coated with enduring coatings, such as, epoxy, urethane, vinyl, acrylic, vinyl-acrylic, polyester, and like coatings.
- Fig. 42 shows the turned-up perimeter edge 95 of a cast plate, showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of micro, mini or maxi thickness filled with a concrete matrix 55.
- This figure illustrates the most basic turned-up perimeter edge 95 configuration of the many perimeter detail variations with turned-up edges of this invention, providing containment, reinforcement, and protection for the edge of the cast plate.
- the turned-up perimeter edges 95 of Fig. 43-51 are some of the variations of this basic turned-up perimeter edge 95.
- Fig. 44-51 do not show the numbered elements.
- Fig. 43 shows the turned-up perimeter edge 95 of a cast platen, showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of micro, mini or maxi thickness filled with a concrete matrix 55, the turned-up perimeter edge 95 illustrating a folded-over double edge.
- Fig. 44 shows the turned-up perimeter edge 95 of a cast plate, showing an unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement contai ⁇ ment 56 of mini or maxi thickness.
- the turned-up perimeter edge 95 illustrates a separate edge piece with the top surface of the bottom flange attached to the bottom surface of. an offset in the perimeter edge of a flat sheet forming the bottom of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56, the turned-up perimeter edge 95 formed to create a horizontal slot in the side of the cast plate to receive a horizontal spline serving to align two adjacent modular-accessible-units.
- the horizontal spline may also serve to join together two adjacent modular-accessible-units.
- the separate edge piece of Fig. 44 and 45 facilitates the edge piece being of an enduring metal. Metals for the facing may be bronze, brass, stainless steel, zinc, aluminum, and the like.
- Fig. 45 shows the turned-up perimeter edge 95 of a cast plate, showing an unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of mini or maxi thickness.
- the separate edge piece forming the turned-up perimeter edge 95 is attached to the flat sheet forming the bottom of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 as in Fig. 44, the. turned-up perimeter edge 95 folded over to form a double edge with a horizontal flange extending horizontally into the cast plate approximately at midheight.
- Fig.. 46 shows the turned-up perimeter edge 95 of a cast plate, showing an unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of micro, mini or maxi thickness, the turned-up perimeter edge 95 folded to form an inwardly extending horizontal flange.
- Fig. 47 shows the turned-up perimeter edge 95 of a cast plate, showing an unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of micro, mini or maxi thickness, the turned-up perimeter edge 95 folded to form an inwardly extending, double-thickness horizontal flange.
- Fig. 48 shows the turned-up perimeter edge 95 of a cast plate, showing an unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of micro, mini or maxi thickness, the turned-up perimeter edge 95 folded to form an inwardly .extending horizontal flange and a second downwardly and outwardly extending flange, the edge 95 providing a stiffened and embedded edge 95 with a greater bond with the concrete matrix 55 to be placed in the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56.
- Fig. 49 shows the turned-up perimeter edge 95 of a cast plate, showing an unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of micro, mini or maxi thickness, the turned-up perimeter edge 95 folded to form an inwardly extending horizontal flange and a second downwardly extending and generally vertical flange, the edge 95 providing a stiffened and embedded edge 95 with greater bond with the concrete matrix 55 to be placed in the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 5,6.
- Fig. 50 shows the turnedr-up perimeter edge 95 of a cast plate, showing an unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of micro, mini or maxi thickriess, the turned-up perimeter edge 95 folded to form an outwardly extending horizontal flange between adjacent modular-accessible-units.
- Fig. 51 shows the turned-up perimeter edge 95 of a cast plate, showing an unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of micro, mini or maxi thickness, the turned-up perimeter edge 95 folded to form an outwardly extending horizontal double flange between adjacent modular-accessible-units.
- Fig. 52 shows the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 of a cast plate, showing an open-faced bottom .
- tension reinforcement containment 56 of maxi thickness filled with a concrete matrix 55, a turned-up perimeter edge 95 folded to form a horizontal flange inwardly extending into the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 to align and keep in place the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 bound between the double-beveled outwardly-beveled inner edge of the concrete matrix 55 during open-face casting and, more importantly, during heavy edge stress when in use.
- the outer faces oft the vertical surfaces of the flange and the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 are coplanar.
- the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 forms in part a containment for the concrete matrix 55 during open-face casting and a protective edge reinforcement for the cast plate, during use.
- the angle of the inner face of the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 is complementary to the angle of the outer face of the perimeter edge of the concrete matrix 55.
- the beveling of the bottom of the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 aids in the retention of the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 by the concrete matrix 55.
- Fig. 53 shows the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 of a cast plate, showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of mini thickness filled with a concrete matrix 55, the detail of the turned-up perimeter edge 95 and the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 being similar to the detail of Fig. 52, except that the outer faces of the vertical surfaces of the flange and the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 are on different planes, the flange extending beyond the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88, and the lesser thickness of the cast plate .
- the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 of Fig . 53 forms in part containment during open-face casting .
- a linear perimeter spline 96 inherently phys ically provides a more pos itive interior engagement between the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 and the concrete matrix 55 at the turned-up perimeter edge 95 , mechanically bonding the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 in place during usage.
- Fig . 54 shows the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 of a cast plate, showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of mini thickness filled with a concrete matrix 55 , the short turned-up perimeter edge 95 folded to extend inwardly for hold-in-place engagement into the perimeter linear protect ive edge reinforcement strip 88 and for precis ion positioning and alignment when adhering the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 to the bottom of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56.
- the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 is locked into place by the inwardly sloping edge of the top obtuse angle to the interior, face of the concrete matrix 55 .
- the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 has a linear perimeter bottom ledge which inherently physically aids in retaining the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 in the concrete matrix 55 and also increases the bottom bonding surface between the perimeter l inear protect ive edge reinforcement strip 88 and the top perimeter face of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56.
- Fig . 55 shows the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 of a cast plate, showing an open-faced bottom tens ion reinforcement containment 5 6 o f micro thickness filled with a concrete matrix 55, the short turned-up perimeter edge 95 similar to the edge 95 of Fig. 54.
- the micro perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 forms in part containment during open-face casting.
- the top obtuse angle to the interior face of the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 provides an inherently weaker linear acute angle edge to the cast concrete matrix during usage while inherently providing a stronger physically inherent retention of the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 at the interior face by the concrete matrix 55 and an inherently stronger linear acute angle to the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88.
- the short turned-up perimeter edge 95 is folded to extend inwardly into the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 for positive hold-in-place engagement and for precision positioning and alignment when adhering the micro perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 to the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56.
- the top of the perimeter linear protective, edge reinforcement strip 88 is flush with the top of the short turned-up perimeter edge 95 of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56.
- Fig. 56 shows the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 of a cast plate, showing the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 adhered to a flat sheet without a turned-up perimeter edge 95 to form containment during open-face casting and to serve as the containment edge for a concrete matrix 55 of micro thickness.
- the inside face of the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 is shaped to provide a top linear acute angle to the concrete matrix 55 against the interior face of the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88, providing an inherently stronger top linear obtuse angle to the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88.
- the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 is adhered to the perimeter edge of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56.
- Fig. 57 shows the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 of a the cast plate, similar to Fig. 56, except that the joint between the concrete matrix 55 and the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 slopes in the opposite direction.
- the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 is adhered to the perimeter edge of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 to form a containment edge during open-face casting.
- the inside face of the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 is shaped to have a linear top acute angle, providing thereby an inherently stronger linear obtuse angle to the edge of the concrete matrix 55 during usage.
- die forming of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 without an integral turned-up perimeter edge 95 is not required.
- Fig. 58 shows the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 of a cast plate, showing the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 adhered to an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 with a very small turned-up perimeter edge 95 which extends vertically upward into the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88.
- the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 cantilevers outwardly beyond the turned-up perimeter edge 95 of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 and combines with the turned-up perimeter edge 95 to form a containment edge during open-face casting and to serve as the containment edge for a concrete matrix 55 of micro thickness.
- the inside face of the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 is shaped to provide a top linear acute angle to the concrete matrix 55 against the interior face of the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 , providing an inherently stronger top linear obtuse angle to the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88.
- the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 is adhered to the perimeter edge of the open- faced bottom tens i on reinforcement containment 56.
- the turned-up perimeter edge 95 facilitates the positioning of the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 for adhering the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 to the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 and to a degree aids in mechanically looking the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 in place during usage.
- Fig . 59 shows the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 of a cast plate, similar to Fig. 58 , except that the perimete r l inear p rote ct ive e dge reinforcement strip 88 has an extension on the bottom to be flush with the bottom surface of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56.
- Fig. 60 shows the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 8S of a the cast plate, similar to Fig. 57 , except that the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement cont ainment 5 6 has a turned-up p erimet e r edge 95 approximately half the height of the concrete matrix .55.
- the turned-up perimeter edge 95 provides the means to facilitate po s itioning the perimeter linear protect ive edge reinforcement strip 88 for adhering the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 to the bottom surface of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56.
- Fig. 61 shows a perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 of a cast plate, similar to Fig. 60, except that the half-height turned-up perimeter edge 95 of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 is flush on the outside face with the outside face of an offset in the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 disposed on the top edge of the turned-up perimeter edge THE THIRTIETH EMBODIMENT OF THIS INVENTION
- Fig. 62-71 show some of the possible variations in turned-up perimeter edges 95 created by affixing a channel, angle or the like to the perimeter edge of a flat sheet to form a containment edge for an open- faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56.
- the turned-up perimeter edge 95 may be of metal, such as, bronze, brass, stainless steel, zinc, and aluminum, as well as of rubber, vinyl, other plastics, and the like.
- the exposed-to-wear edges may beneficially be covered with an enduring metal facing or an enduring facing of rubber, vinyl or other plastic or the like.
- the exposed-to-view wearing edges of metal may beneficially be coated with enduring coatings, such as epoxy, urethane, vinyl, acrylic, vinyl-acrylic, polyester, and like type coatings.
- Fig. 62 shows an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of a cast plate, showing the bottom surface of the bottom flange of a channel edge affixed to the top surface of the perimeter edge of a flat sheet to form a turned-up perimeter edge 95 and to contain a concrete matrix 55 of maxi thickness.
- Fig. 63 shows the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of a cast plate, showing the top surface of the bottom flange of a channel edge affixed to the bottom surface of an offset in the perimeter edge of a flat sheet to form a turned-up perimeter edge 95 and to contain a concrete matrix 55 of maxi thickness.
- Fig. 64 shows an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of a cast plate, showing the bottom surface of the inward-facing horizontal leg of an angle edge affixed to the top surface of the perimeter edge of a flat sheet to form a turned-up perimeter edge 95 and to contain a concrete matrix 55 of mini thickness.
- Fig. 65 shows an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of a cast plate, showing the top surface of the bottom flange of a channel edge affixed to the bottom surface of the perimeter edge of a flat sheet to form a turned-up perimeter edge 95 and to contain a concrete matrix 55 of maxi thickness.
- Fig. 66 shows an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of a cast plate, showing the top surface of the inward-facing horizontal leg of an angle edge affixed to the bottom surface of an offset in the perimeter edge of a flat sheet to form a turned-up perimeter edge 95 and to contain a concrete matrix 55 of mini thickness.
- Fig. 67 shows an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of a cast plate, showing the top surface of the inward-facing horizontal leg of an angle edge affixed to the bottom surface of the perimeter edge of a flat sheet to form a turned-up perimeter edge 95 and to contain a concrete matrix 55 of micro thickness.
- Fig. 68 is omitted.
- Fig. 69 is omitted.
- Fig. 70 is omitted.
- Fig. 72-75 show possible variations of the stiffening rib 74 of this invention, which serves to strengthen the cast plate and allow the use of a thinner concrete matrix 55, providing thereby a finished cast plate of lighter weight and lower cost.
- the cast plate is, typically, a terrazzo cast plate of cementitious concrete or polymer concrete.
- decorative covers may beneficially be used to protect exposed-to-view stiffening ribs 74.
- Decorative covers may be of metal, such as, bronze, brass, stainless steel, zinc, aluminum, and the like, or of durable rubber, vinyl, other plastics or the like.
- the exposed-to-view wearing edges of metal may beneficially be coated with enduring coatings, such as, epoxy, urethane, vinyl, acrylic, vinyl-acrylic, polyester, and like type coatings.
- Fig. 74-77 show different methods of achieving an accent joint 73 in the wearing surface of the cast plate of this invention.
- the casting of the cast plate itself may be accomplished by any suitable means, including the following:
- the preferred method of making the cast plate is to use a jig to precisely position the accent strips of wood, rubber, vinyl and the like, adhering the accent strips to the bottom of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56.
- the uncured concrete matrix 55 is placed in the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56, preferably by a computer-controlled dispensing machine which precisely measures the amount of concrete matrix 55 required for each piece, thereby avoiding spillovers requiring cleanup and unfilled voids requiring patching or inspection rejection, which are associated with striking off the concrete.
- the cast plate is allowed to cure. After curing, the open face of the cast plate is precision ground for flatness, precision gauged to thickness, and precision fine ground and polished for appearance grade and functional wearing surface.
- a first alternate method is by means of routing the accent joint 73 in the wearing surface of the cast plate, the accent joint 73 filled with an accent strip of wood, rubber, vinyl and the like, or of elastomeric sealant.
- a second alternate method is by means of casting the cast plate upside down on a platen with the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 serving as the form. An accent strip is aligned with a jig and held in position.
- the concrete matrix 55 is placed in the open - f ac e d b ott om t en s io n re in f o rc ement containment 56 through two or more holes in the open- faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 positioned in the intermediate zone 58 of intermediate internal moment and shear.
- the wearing surface is finished by means o f p r eci s ion grinding, gauging , and po l ishing as disclosed in the preferred method.
- a third alternate method is by means of casting the cast plate upside down on a platen with the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 serving as the form.
- An accent joint 73 form is aligned with a jig to leave a void for later filling of the accent joint 73 with the selected accent strip.
- the concrete matrix 55 is placed in the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 through two or more holes in the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 positioned in the intermediate zone 58 of intermediate internal moment and shear. After the cast plate has cured, the accent joint 73 is filled.
- the finishing of the wearing surface by precision grinding, gauging, and polishing may be done either before or after the filling of the accent joint 73 with the accent strip.
- Fig. 78-81 show some of metal shapes which can be cast integrally with the concrete matrix 55 as accent joints 73 of this invention. Alternatively, durable hard plastics may also be used.
- Fig. 72 shows a portion of a cast plate, showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 with an integral exposed-to-view inverted-V-shaped stiffening rib 74 and a concrete matrix 55 of micro. thickness.
- the stiffening rib 74 may be covered with an angle-shaped decorative cover or coated with an enduring coating.
- Fig. 73 shows a portion of a cast plate, showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 with an integral exposed-to-view double folded stiffening rib 74 and a concrete matrix 55 of micro thickness.
- the stiffening rib 74 may. be covered with a flat-topped channel wearing surface accent joint decorative cover to be flush with the top surface of the concrete matrix 55.
- Fig. 74 shows a portion of a cast plate, showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 and a concrete matrix 55 of micro thickness, illustrating a concealed-from-view inverted-V-shaped stiffening rib 74 in the bottom of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 to align with a generally vertically-sided accent joint 73.
- the accent strip of wood, vinyl or rubber has a bottom surface which is complementary to the shape of the stiffening rib 74.
- the accent strip is seated face up over the stiffening rib 74 and is adhered to the bottom of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56.
- the cast plate is created in accordance with the teachings of this invention.
- the accent strip may also be regressed by a depth of 0.005 inch (1mm) to 0.250 inch (6mm)below the adjacent wearing surface to avoid contact with the succeeding finishing operations of grinding, gauging, and polishing as well as to enhance the appearance of the accent appearance. Adjacent edges of the concrete matrix 55 may beneficially be eased and/or beveled.
- Fig. 75 shows a portion of a cast plate, showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 and a concrete matrix 55 of micro thickness, illustrating a variation of a stiffening rib 74 comprising a concealed-from-view strip of perforations or barbs in the bottom of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement 56 containment to align, engage, and fasten the accent strip to the bottom of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56, the accent strip having inwardly-sloped sides.
- the cast plate is created in accordance with the teachings of this invention and the accent joint 73 filled with a strip of wood, vinyl or rubber which engages with the perforations to form a positive engagement.
- the accent strip may also be regressed by a depth of 0.005 inch (1mm) to 0.250 inch
- Adjacent edges of the concrete matrix 55 may beneficially be eased and/or beveled.
- Fig. 76 shows a portion of a cast plate, showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 and a concrete matrix 55 of micro thickness, illustrating an outwardly-sloped-sided accent joint 73 filled with an accent strip of wood, vinyl, rubber or the like or an elastomeric sealant.
- the accent strip may also be regressed by a depth of 0.005 inch (1mm) to 0.250 inch (6mm) below the adjacent wearing surface to avoid contact with the succeeding finishing operations of grinding, gauging, and polishing as well as to enhance the appearance of the accent appearance. Adjacent edges of the concrete matrix 55 may beneficially be eased and/or beveled.
- Fig. 77 shows a portion of a cast plate, showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 and a concrete matrix 55 of micro thickness, illustrating an inwardly-sloped-sided accent joint 73 filled with a strip of wood, vinyl or rubber or an elastomeric sealant.
- the accent strip may also be regressed by a depth of 0.005 inch (1mm) to 0.250 inch (6mm) below the adjacent wearing surface to avoid contact with the succeeding finishing operations of grinding, gauging, and polishing as well as to enhance the appearance of the accent appearance. Adjacent edges of the concrete matrix 55 may beneficially be eased and/or beveled.
- Fig. 78 shows a portion of a cast plate, showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 and a concrete matrix.55 of micro thickness, illustrating an accent joint 73 in the wearing surface of the cast plate comprising an inverted-T-shaped metal shape with the top surface of the leg exposed to view, the metal shape positioned and held in place in the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 while the cast plate is created in accordance with the teachings of this invention.
- Fig. 79 shows a portion of a cast plate, showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 and a concrete matrix 55 of micro thickness, illustrating an accent joint 73 in the wearing surface of the cast plate comprising a metal angle with the top surface of one leg exposed to view, the metal angle positioned in the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 and held in place while the cast plate is created in accordance with the teachings of this invention.
- Fig. 80 shows a portion of a ca3t plate, showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 and a concrete matrix 55 of micro thickness, illustrating a metal wraparound channel adhered to the bottom of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56, the cast plate created in accordance with the teachings of this invention.
- the accent strip may also be regressed by a depth of 0.005 inch (1mm) to 0.250 inch (6mm) below the adjacent wearing surface to avoid contact with the succeeding finishing operations of grinding, gauging, and polishing as well as to enhance the appearance of the accent appearance. Adjacent edges of the concrete matrix 55 may beneficially be eased and/or beveled.
- Fig. 81 shows a portion of a cast plate, showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 and a concrete matrix 55 of micro thickness, illustrating an exposed-to-view accent joint 73 comprising a metal hat shape with outwardly extending flanges adhered to the bottom of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 and a concealed-from-view hat-shaped stiffening rib 74 impressed in the bottom of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 to accommodate, position, and align, the exposed-to-view and exposed-to-wear accent joint 73.
- the cast plate is created in accordance with the teachings of this invention.
- the accent strip may also be regressed by a depth of 0.005 inch (1mm) to 0.250 inch (6mm) below the adjacent wearing surface to avoid contact with the succeeding finishing operations of grinding, gauging, and polishing as well as to enhance the appearance of the accent appearance.
- Adjacent edges of the concrete matrix 55 may beneficially be eased and/or beveled.
- Fig. 82 shows a bottom view of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of a cast plate, showing eight equal sides comprising four equal biased corners 63 and four equal perimeter sides 79 which produce an equilateral octagon, the bottom of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 illustrating four points of registry and bearing 78 for a single simple span with cantilevers.
- Fig. 83 shows a cross-sectional profile of the cast plate, illustrated in Fig. 82, showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 filled with a concrete matrix 55 of mini thickness and matrix conductor passages 87 accommodated between modularly-spaced load-bearing plinths illustrating points of registry and bearing 78 within a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 disposed over a load-bearing support system 76.
- the figure illustrates an integrally-applied applied wearing surface 83, one of the several wearing surfaces of this invention.
- Fig. 84 shows a top plan view of a cast plate modular-accessible-plank with biased corners 63, illustrating notches 89 for accommodating modular accessible nodes 90, modular accessible passage nodes 91, and modular accessible poke-through nodes 97.
- the biased corners 63 enable the accommodation of modular accessible nodes 90, modular accessible passage nodes 91, and modular accessible poke-through nodes 97 into a discretely .selected special replicative accessible pattern layout of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-planks.
- Linear modular accessible plank, nodes 94 may also be disposed at the ends of the modular-accessible-planks.
- FIG. 85 shows a bottom view of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of a cast plate, showing the biequilateral or elongated octagon of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 and illustrating points of registry and bearing 78 for use with a single simple span with cantilevers and accommodating modular accessible nodes 90, modular accessible passage nodes 91, and modular accessible poke- through nodes 97.
- the biased corners 63 enable the accommodation of modular accessible nodes 90, modular accessible passage nodes 91, and modular accessible poke- through nodes 97 within a discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units.
- the two crosswise width span axes 71 and the two foreshortened diagonal span width axes 72 are also shown.
- Fig. 86 shows a cross-sectional profile of the cast plate illustrated in Fig. 85, showing a deformed open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 illustrating a sloping bottom for weight reduction at the zones of less internal moment and shear while retaining strength andutilizing the increased strength of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 achieved by means of deforming the bottom and having integrally formed in the bottom points of registry and bearing 78.
- the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 is filled with a concrete matrix 55 of mini or maxi thickness and matrix conductor passages 87 are accommodated between load-bearing plinths within a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 disposed over a load-bearing support system 76.
- the concrete matrix 55 has an integral wearing surface, one of the several wearing surfaces of this invention.
- Fig. 88 shows a bottom view of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of a cast plate, the biequilateral or elongated octagon of the cast plate illustrating points of registry and bearing 7-8 , perimeter sides 79, and biased corners 63 to accommodate modular accessible passage nodes 91 within a discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units .
- Fig . 87 shows a cross-sectional profile of the cast plate illustrated in Fig. 88 , showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 with a flat bottom and illustrating points of registry and bearing 78 for a single simple span with cantilevers, filled with a concrete matrix 55 of mini or maxi thickness, and matrix conductor passages 87 accommodated between load-bearing plinths within a load- bearing three-dimensional- conduct or-accommodative-passage- and-support-matrix 75 disposed over a load-bearing support system 76.
- the cast plate has an integral wearing surface 81, one of the several wearing surfaces of this invention.
- Fig. 89 shows a cross-sectional profile of the cast plate illustrated in Fig. 88, shown as a cross section taken along the crosswise width span axis 71 for multiple continuous spans, an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 illustrating points of bearing 77 and points of registry and bearing 78, filled with a concrete matrix 55 of mini thickness , and matrix conductor pas sages 87 accommodated between closely-spaced load-bearing plinths within a load-bearing, three- dimen s ional - c onduct o r-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 disposed over a load-bearing support system 76.
- the cast plate has an integral wearing surface 81 , one of the several wearing surfaces of this .invention.
- Fig. 90 shows a cross-sectional profile of the cast plate illustrated in Fig. 88 , shown as a cross section taken along the cros swise width span axis 71 for multiple continuous spans with cantilevers, similar in configuration to Fig. 89, except that the load-bearing plinths are spaced twice as far apart as the plinths of Fig. 89.
- THE THIRTY- SIXTH EMBODIMENT OF THIS INVENTION Referring to the drawings, Fig. 91-96 show top plan views which illustrate several of the discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layouts of this invention for modular-accessible-planks.
- a cast plate modular-accessible-plank is made in the same manner as other cast plate modular-accessible-units.
- It may have a flat bottom or the deformed, generally hat shape described for other cast plate modular-accessible-units of this invention. Its long linear shape makes it suitable for multiple continuous spans on the long axis and for simple spans on the short axis, with and without cantilevers, to fit the linear nature of conductor runs for access in corridors and aisles between office and manufacturing equipment, partitions, counters, desks, and the like, in office, commercial, educational, manufacturing facilities, and the like.
- the cast plate modular-accessible-planks are arranged in a pattern layout with several corresponding modular accessible node 90 types.
- the modular-accessible-planks may be of uniform or random lengths and of uniform or random widths.
- the ends of the modular-accessible-planks may be lined up in a soldier pattern, may be staggered at midpoint in the plank, or. may be randomly staggered in their discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layoutwherein the nodes are correspondingly disposed as dictated by evolutionary functional needs.
- Modular accessible nodes 90, modular accessible passage nodes 91, and modular accessible poke-through nodes 97 are accommodated in the patterned layouts of modular-accessible-planks by means of biased corners 63 or notches 89 in the perimeter sides 79 on either the long or short axis.
- Modular accessible plank nodes 94 are generally narrow linear nodes placed at perimeter sides 79 at the spaced-apart ends of the modular- accessible-planks.
- cast plate modular-accessible- planks are disposed over matrix conductors 86 accommodated within a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75.
- Fig. 91 shows an array of modular-accessible-planks, accommodating modular accessible nodes 90, modular accessible passage nodes 91, and modular accessible poke-through nodes 97 illustrated by the unshaded squares in a discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout, one of the several patterns layouts of this invention, the nodes 90, 91 and 97 accommodated by means of notches 89 in the ends of the modular-accessible-planks.
- Fig. 92 shows an array of modular-accessible-planks, accommodating modular accessible nodes 90, modular accessible passage nodes 91, and modular accessible poke-through nodes 97 illustrated in the unshaded squares in a discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout, one of the several pattern layouts of this invention, the nodes
- Fig. 93-96 each shows an array of modular-accessible-planks, accommodating modular accessible plank nodes 94 illustrated in the unshaded rectangles disposed at the ends of to the modular-accessible-planks in a discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout, one of the several pattern layouts of this invention.
- Fig. 97-99 each show a bottom view of a cast plate, the triangular cast plate illustrating perimeter sides 79, biased corners 63, and three interchangeable points of registry and bearing 78.
- the biased corners accommodate complementary hexagonal modular accessible nodes 90, modular accessible passage nodes 91, and modular accessible poke-through nodes 97. in a discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units.
- Fig. 97-99 lies in the length of the perimeter sides 79 at the biased corners 63.
- Fig. 97 and Fig. 98 accommodate modular accessible nodes 90, modular accessible passage nodes 91, and modular accessible poke- through nodes 97 of different sizes.
- the biased corners 63 of Fig. 99 are too small to accommodate modular accessible nodes 90 or modular accessible poke-through nodes 97 and will accommodate only modular accessible passage nodes 91.
- THE THIRTY-EIGHTH EMBODIMENT OF THIS INVENTION Referring to the drawings, Fig.
- 100 shows a top plan view of an array of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units, the triangular cast plates of the array each having three principal sides 79 and only two biased corners 63 and assembled with modular accessible passage nodes 91, modular accessible nodes 90 or modular accessible poke-through node 97 into a discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units, the array having fewer nodes 90, 91 or 97 than the array of Fig. 101.
- Fig. 101 shows a top plan view of an array of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units, the triangular cast plates of the array each having three principal sides 79 and three biased corners 63 and assembled with modular accessible nodes 90, modular accessible passage nodes 91 or modular accessible poke-through nodes 97 into a discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units, the array having generally one modular accessible node 90, modular accessible passage node 91 or modular accessible poke-through node 97 at each adjacent intersecting corner.
- Fig. 102-105 show cross-sectional views of the suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plates 120 of this invention for use as light duty, medium duty, and heavy duty industrial floors providing accessible conductor accommodation and conductor management.
- 102 and Fig. 103 are taken as cross sections through Fig. 106 and Fig. 107 or cross sections through polygonal shapes.
- Fig. 104 and Fig. 105 are taken as cross sections through Fig. 108 and Fig. 109 or cross sections through other polygonal shapes.
- Fig. 102 shows a horizontal-base-surface 16 covered by a flexible modular positioning layer 103.
- a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 comprising a lower layer of lay-in and pull-under matrix conductors 121, an upper layer of lay-in matrix conductors 123 disposed crosswise to the lower layer 121 and supported by a partial-height support rail 135 which is disposed along the same axis as the lower layer 121.
- Modular-accessible-units 92 comprising suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plates 120 are disposed over load-bearing supports illustrating points of registry and bearing 78.
- the moldcast plates 120 have sloped abutting sides 137, are good one side 133, and have accessible flexible-assembly-joints with eased edges 126.
- the flexible modular positioning layer 103 and its related version comprising a vapor barrier 104 can be integrated into the assembly in various ways. It may be disposed over a load-bearing support system 76 or a granular substrate layer 116 or a granular underdrain substrate layer 117. A horizontal-disassociation-cushioning-layer 18 may be placed above or below the flexible modular positioning layer 103 or 104, providing cushioning and enhanced impact sound isolation.
- a horizontal-disassociation-cushioning-layer 17 may be placed above or below the flexible modular positioning layer 103, 104 at the bearing points of the assembly bearing pads 100, conductor channels 119, cross-type assembly bearing pads with points of registry 141, clustered-type plinth assembly bearing pads 142, and other types of load-bearing supports.
- the flexible modular positioning layer 103 may have markings placed on its top surface at predetermined locations to assist in properly positioning the assembly bearing pads 100 and other load-bearingr supports.
- the assembly bearing pads 100 and other load-bearing supports may be affixed to the flexible modular positioning layer by means of an adhesive layer on both faces of the horizontal- disassociation-cushioning-layer 17 placed below the supports.
- FIG. 103 shows a load-bearing support system 76 covered by a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor- accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75. Disposed within the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative- passage-and-support-matrix 75 are conductor channels 119, illustrated points of registry and bearing 78, a lower layer of lay-in and pull-under matrix conductors 121, and an upper layer of lay-in matrix conductors 123 disposed crosswise to lower layer 121.
- Modular-accessible-units 92 comprising suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plates 120 which are good one side 133 are disposed over the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and- support-matrix 75.
- the moldcast plates 120 have registry apertures on the underside for mating with the points of registry and bearing 78.
- the moldcast plates 120 have sloped abutting sides 137 and accessible flexible-assembly-joints with eased edges 126.
- a flexible spline 129 along one axis joins the edges of, the moldcast plates 120.
- sloped abutting sides 137 and flexible splines 129 allows the removal of one or more modular-accessible-units 92 by means of a hinging action along one side of the modular-accessible-unit 92 without damaging the edges of the modular-accessible-unit 92.
- Fig. 104 shows a load-bearing support system 76 over which is disposed a. load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 comprising a lower layer of lay-in and pull-under matrix conductors 121, an upper layer of lay-in matrix conductors 123 disposed crosswise to lower layer 121 and supported on a partial-height support rail 135 disposed along the same axis as the lower layer 121, illustrated points of bearing 77 without registry, and illustrated points of registry and bearing 78.
- Modular-accessible-units 92 comprising suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plates 120 which are good two sides 134 are disposed over the load-bearing three-dimens ional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75.
- the moldcast plates 120 have vertical abutting sides 138 and accessible flexible-assembly-joints with bullnose edges 125.
- the moldcast plates 120 have registry points 101 cast in both faces of the moldcast plates 120 , the registry points 101 mating with the points of registry and bearing 78.
- an insert plug 136 is fitted into the registry points 101. The insert plug 136 is removed when the moldcast plate 120 is reversed and is inserted in the registry points 101 of the new face of the moldcast plate 120.
- Fig. 105 shows a subgrade 115 over which is disposed a granular substrate layer 116 (or a granular underdrain substrate layer 117 accommodating underdrains 118 . )
- a flexible modular positioning layer 103 or a flexible modular positioning layer comprising a vapor barrier 104 is disposed over the substrate layer 116, 117.
- layer 103, 104 is disposed a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 accommodating matrix conductors 86.
- Fig. 105 illustrates conductors running along a single axis in contrast to the conductors running on multiple axes as illustrated in Fig. 102-104.
- fluid conductors 99 whichtransfer heat or cooling working fluids to the array of moldcast plates 120 so the array of moldcast plates 120 becomes a low ⁇ t radiative surface for radiative heating or cooling of interior occupied spaces over large surface areas.
- the array of moldcast plates 120 also becomes an absorptive surface of low ⁇ t heat from electrical and electronic equipment sitting on the array of moldcast plates 120 as well as from excess waste heat derived from production equipment, from diffuse and heat beam solar radiation transmission through vertical , sloping and horizontal transmissive surfaces by the greenhouse phenomenon , from internal radiative vertical wall, ceiling, and furnishings sources, and from body heat of people occupying the interior spaces, returning this waste heat to the fluid conductors 99.
- the moldcast plates 120 are good two sides 134 and are disposed over the load-bearing three- dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support- matrix 75.
- the moldcast plates 120 have registry apertures in both faces to mate with the flexible modular registry layer 139 disposed over the illustrated points of registry and bearing 78.
- the moldcast plates 120 have vertical abutting sides 138 and accessible flexible-assembly-joints with beveled edges 124.
- the moldcast plates 120 have short intermittent flexible end insertion splines 128 inserted in the edges along all axes. The flexible end insertion splines 128 are inserted into and removed from the vertical sides 138 of the moldcast plates 120 from within the modular accessible node located at each end of adjacent vertical sides of the moldcast plates 120.
- Fig. 106 shows a top plan view of a suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plate 120 without biased corners.
- Fig. 107 shows a top plan view of a moldcast plate 120 with biased corners to accommodate modular accessible nodes at the adjacent intersecting corners of adjacent tiles.
- Fig. 107 shows a top plan view of a moldcast plate 120 with a typical arrangement of registry points 101 on the top face.
- Fig. 108 shows a top plan view of a moldcast plate 120 with biased corners to accommodate modular accessible nodes at the adjacent intersecting comers of adjacent tiles. Also shown is a typical arrangement of registry points 101 on the top face.
- Fig. 110-113 show top plan views which illustrate several polygonally-shaped suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plates 98 of this invention.
- the cast paver plates 98 may be any type of polygonal shape. Although the cast paver plates 98 illustrated are approximately 16 inches by 16 inches (406mm by 406mm) and 4 inches (102mm) in thickness, many other sizes and thicknesses are disclosed and may be suitable for specific applications within the scope of this invention.
- Fig. 110 shows a cast paver plate 98 without biased corners.
- Fig. Ill shows a cast paver plate 98 with biased corners 63 which accommodate modular accessible nodes 90.
- Fig. 112 shows a cast paver plate 98 without biased corners, which shows a typical arrangement of registry points 101 on the top surface of the plate 98.
- the registry points 101 may indicate the location of the points of registry and bearing 78 on the underside of the cast paver plate. They may also be cast indentations on a cast paver plate 98 which is good two sides and which are filled with an insert plug, the plug being removed to provide the required registry aperture when the cast paver plate 98 is turned over and the reverse side exposed to view and wear.
- Fig. 113 shows a cast paver plate 98 with biased corners and a typical arrangement of registry points 101 on the top surface of the plate 98.
- the cast paver plates 98 and modular-accessible-pavers 97 of this invention are different than all other existing pavers in that they offer accommodation and accessibility to a matrix of conductors disposed below them and inherently form the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommpdative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 which enables the passage of the accessible matrix conductors 86.
- Small-sized units may be laid by hand, and medium-sized and' large-sized units may be laid by means of paver-laying machines, fork lifts, and the like.
- the modular-accessible-pavers 97 have a width-to-length ratio of 1 to 1 or greater and less than 1 to 2 and a thickness of 1 percent to 50 percent of the greater span.
- the assembly bearing pads 100 are loaded in a single simple span mode or single span with cantilevers mode to limit inherently the internal balancing moment tension stress to a range between 5 percent and 30 percent of the cured compressive strength of the cast paver plate 98 and to an amount less than the load-to-span induced internal moment tension stresses when the cast paver plate 98 is arranged in a selected replicative accessible pattern layout.
- the cast paver plates 98 and the moldcast plates 120 have a thickness and a span-to-load ratio sized to limit the internal balancing moment tension stresses to a range between 5 percent and 30 percent of the cured compressive strength of the units and to an amount less than the load-to-span induced external moment tension stress.
- Fig. 114-117 show cross-sectional views of suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plates 98.
- points of registry and bearing 78 are shown differently in each succeeding view.
- the spacing of the bearing points of the cross-type assembly bearing pad with points of registry 141 is wider under the modular-accessible-pavers 97 and closer together under the mating cantilever ends. This gives slightly less flexibility but greater stability against tipping.
- the spacing of the bearing points is equal throughout the assembly. This gives the important advantage of being able to shift the modular-accessible-pavers 97 universally in either axis, but some tipping may occur if they are not laid tightly against adjoining units.
- the spacing of the bearing points is similar to the spacing in Fig. 114, giving the increased stability against tipping.
- Fig. 117 where the spacing between the bearing points is similar to Fig. 115, even greater stability against tipping is achieved.
- the accessible flexible-assembly-joints 105 between adjoining cast paver plates 98 and moldcast plates 120 may be unfilled butt joints, elastomeric sealant joints, or the dynamic-interactive-fluidtight-flexible-joints of my previous three patents.
- Fig. 114 illustrates a load-bearing support system 76 or a granular substrate layer 116 covered by a flexible modular po s itioning l ayer 103 .
- a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 comprising cross-type assembly bearing pads with points of registry 141 is disposed over the flexible modular positioning layer 103, providing registry points to mate with registry points on the underside of the cast paver plate 98.
- the cast paver plates 98 have sloped abutting edges 132, and an accessible flexible-assembly-joint 105 joins the cast paver plates 98 one to another.
- Fig . 115 illustrates a flexible modular positioning layer 103 is disposed over a granular underdrain substrate layer 117 accommodating underdrains 118 .
- a load-bearing three-dimens ional- conductor- accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 comprising assembly bearing pads 100 is disposed over the flexible modular positioning layer 103.
- An optional horizontal-disassociation-cushioning-layer 17 is disposed below each assembly bearing pad 100 . Points of registry and bearing 78 are illustrated. Registry apertures 140 are shown penetrating all the way through the cast paver plates 98 .
- the modular-accessible-pavers with vertical abutting; sides 131 are good two sides 134 and have accessibleflexible-assembly-joints with eased edges 126.
- Fig. 116 illustrates a flexible modular positioning l ayer 103 dispo s ed over an opti onal ho ri z o nt a l -dis association-cushioning-layer 18 , which, in turn, is disposed over a load-bearing support system 76.
- a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 comprising clustered-type plinth assembly bearing pads 142 and illustrating points of registry and bearing 78 .
- Flexible modular registry layers 139 are disposed over the plinth supports of the plinth assembly be aring pads 142 .
- the modular-acces sible-pavers 97 comprising polygonally-shaped suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plates 98 is disposed over the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75.
- the modular-accessible-pavers with vertical abutting sides 131 are good two sides 134, have accessible flexible-assembly-joints with bullnose edges 125, have registry points 101 on both faces which mate with the flexible modular registry layers 139 disposed over the plinth supports of the plinth slssembly bearing pads 142, insert plugs 136 placed in the registry apertures on the faces of the cast paver plates 98.
- Fig. 116 also shows the outline of the bridging pyramid-shaped kern 122 with the principal compressive stress and the materially reduced bending stress in the polygonally- shaped suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plate 98.
- Fig. 117 shows a load-bearing support system 76 over which is disposed a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor- accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 comprising a lower layer of lay-in and pull-under matrix conductors 121, an upper layer of lay-in matrix conductors 123 disposed crosswise to the lower layer 121 and supported on a partial-height support rail 135. (not shown in Fig. 117) disposed along the same axis as the lower layer 121, and conductor channels.
- the modular-accessible-pavers with vertical abutting sides 131 are good two sides 134 and have accessible flexible-assembly-joints with beveled edges 124.
- the cast paver plates 98 have registry points 101 on both faces which mate with illustrated points of registry and bearing 78.
- Fig. 118 shows a top plan view of an array of suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plates 98, illustrating typical biased corners accommodating modular accessible nodes 90 with access covers 48. Indicated by single and double concentric dash lines are the assembly bearing pads 100 supporting the array of cast paver plates 98. Fluid conductors 99 within the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix below the array of cast paver plates 98 are shown by dash lines.
- Fig. 119 show a cross-sectional view of the load- bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 and array of cast paver plates 98 of Fig. 118, the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor- accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 disposed over a flexible modular positioning layer 103 which is disposed over an optional horizontal-disassociation-cushicning-layer 18 .
- the assembly bearing pad 100 has pos itioning pro jecting elements 102 on which the cast paver plates 98 bear .
- the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor- accommodative-pas s age- and-support -matrix 75 accommodates the fucid conductors 99 described in detail for Fig . 105 under the Thirty-Ninth Embodiment Of This Invention .
- the modular-accessible-paver has sloped abutting sides 132 to facilitate the removal of the modular-accessible-paver 97 by lifting up two adjacent modular-accessible-pavers 97 .
- the joints may have splines joining the adjacent units although Fig . 119 does not illustrate this feature .
- FIG. 120 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 and the array of cast paver plates 98 of Fig. 118 , the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor- accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 disposed over a flexible modular positioning layer 103 which is disposed over an optional horizontal-disassociaticn-cushioning-layer 18 .
- the cast paver plates 98 are shown bearing on positioning pro j ecting element s 102 o f the assembly bearing pad 100 .
- a modular accessible node 90 with access cover 48 is accommodated by the biased corners of intersecting adjacent corners of the cast paver plates 98 .
- Matrix conductor passages 87 intersect below the modular accessible node 90.
- Fig. 121 illustrates a top plan view of an array of polygonally-shaped suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plates 98 .
- the cast paver plates 98 depict square units with biased corners 63 accommodating an array of modular accessible nodes 90 having access covers 48 although any polygonal shape may be used .
- Fig . 121 illustrates a cast paver plate 98 having a crosswise width span 61 equal to unity, a foreshortened diagonal width span 60 equal to the crosswise width span 61, and a full corner- to-corner diagonal width span 62. Illustrated by two concentric dash lines are the outline of the assembly bearing pads 100 which support the array of cast paver plates 98 below the modular accessible nodes 90.
- Conductor channels 119 below the array of cast paver plates 98 are shown by two parallel dashed lines.
- the accessible flexible-assembly- joints 105 are shown between adjacent cast paver plates 98 and between the cast paver plates 98 and the access covers 48 of the modular accessible nodes 90.
- Fig. 122 is a top plan view of an assembly bearing pad 100, illustrated as round in this view. It shows matrix conductor passages 87 positioned at right angles to the biased corners 63 and illustrates the points of bearing 77.
- the accessible flexible-assembly-joints 105 are shown. Insert-type positioning splines 106 are inserted vertically into slots in the top of the matrix conductor passages 87 to assist in the alignment of the cast paver plates 98 at intersecting corners.
- Fig. 123 is a top plan view of an assembly bearing pad 100, similar to Fig. 122, except that the matrix conductor passages 87 are positioned to align with the diagonal axes of the modular accessible nodes 90. Illustrative points of registry and bearing 78 and registry points 101 are shown which align the cast paver plates 98 and keep them from moving.
- Fig. 124 is a cross-sectional view of a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 comprising the assembly bearing pad 100 of Fig., 122, taken at the point of intersection of four adjacent cast paver plates 98.
- a matrix conductor passage 87 is shown below the intersection of the adjacent cast paver plates 98, along with vertical insert-type positioning splines 106 for alignment of the intersecting cast paver plates 98.
- the assembly bearing pad 100 may optionally bear on a horizontal-disassociation-cushioning-layer 18 which provides cushioning and enhanced impact sound isolation.
- the horizontal-disassociation-cushioning-layer 18 is disposed over a flexible modular positioning layer 103 which is disposed over a load-bearing support system 76 or a granular substrate layer 116 .
- the modular-accessible-pavers have vertical abutting sides 131 and accessible flexible-assembly-joints with eased edges 126.
- Fig. 125 shows a cross-sectional view of a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-pas sage-and-support-matrix 75 comprising the assembly bearing pad 100 of Fig. 123. It shows the intersecting matrix conductor passages 87, the modular accessible node 90 and access cover 48 accommodated by the biased corners of four intersecting cast paver plates 98 having vertical abutting edges 131.
- a horizontal-disassociation-cushioning-layer 17 may optionally be disposed over the matrix conductor passages 87 at the bearing po ints below the cast paver pl ate s 98 .
- the illustrative points of registry and bearing 78 mate with registry points 101 shown in Fig.
- the modular accessible node 90 is created by the space formed by the intersecting of the biased corners of adjacent modular-accessible-pavers 97, eliminating the need for an electrical box.
- Load-bearing horizontal projecting insert splines 143 support the load-bearing cast concrete access cover 48 . Notches or recesses are cast or cut into the side of the cast paver plates 98 to receive the load-bearing horizontal projecting insert splines 143.
- the preferred embodiment of this invention is the Twenty-Eight Embodiment Of This Invention, depicted in the drawings by Fig. 42-51 , and discloses modular-accessible-units comprising cast plates o f mi cro , mini or maxi thickness, the cast plates reinforced by means of a permanent open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment and disposed over a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix accommodating matrix conductors .
- a concrete matrix as referred to in this disclosure is generally used in its broadest context to mean all types of cementitious concrete and all types of polymer concrete .
- the specification and the claims disclose modular-accessible- pavers which are part of the general category of modular- accessible-units .
- Modular-accessible-units also include the general design and construction of modular-accessible-tiles , modular-access ible-planks , and modular-accessible-matrices .
- Modular-accessible-units comprising cast plates in an open- faced bottom tension reinforcement containment , suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plates , and polygonally- shaped suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plates are more specifically disclosed.
- Al l type s o f modul ar- acce s s ible-units , modular- accessible-matrix-units , and modular acces sible nodes may have carpet bonded as an applied wearing surface .
- All types of modular-accessible-units and load-bearing three-dimens ional - conductor- accommodative-passage-and- support-matrices may be disposed over a load-bearing support system or horizontal-base-surface .
- Typical examples of such load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrices are arrays of load-bearing plinths , load-be aring channe l s , load-bearing modular accessible node boxes , or combinations thereof , the lower layer of lay-in and pull-through matrix conductors, as well as subgrades , granular substrate layers , or. granular underdrain substrate layers .
- Every three-dimens ional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix and every load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix may have conductor channels disposed on one or more axes crosswise to one another, with the three-dimensional- conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix and the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor- ac ⁇ ommodative-passage-and-support-matrix.
- the second and third preferred embodiments cover light duty , medium duty , and heavy duty industrial floors with accessible conductor accommodation management .
- Embodiment which is the second preferred embodiment and is depicted in the drawings by Fig. 110-125, discloses suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plates supported by a load-bearing three-dimensional-condu ⁇ tor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix comprising the assembly bearing pads of this invention.
- the Thirty-Ninth Embodiment which is the third preferred embodiment and is depicted in the drawings by Fig . 102-109 , discloses suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plates over the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix of this invention.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)
Abstract
An array of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units (92) comprising cast plates over a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix (75) accommodating matrix conductors (121) and disposed over a load-bearing support system (16). Biased corners (63) are provided on the cast plates accommodate modular accessible nodes (90) modular accessible passage nodes (91), and modular accessible poke-through nodes (109). The modular-accessible-units (92) comprise modular-accessible-planks (93), modular-accessible-pavers (97), modular-accessible-tiles (28) including modular-accessible-carpets (83).
Description
MODULAR-ACCESSIBLE-UNITS
This is a continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 783,309, filed October 2, 1985, issuing October 6, 1987, as U. S. Pat. No. 4,698,249, which is a continuation of Ser. No. 391,760, filed June 24, 1982, issued October 8, 1985, as U. S. Pat. No. 4,546,024, which is a continuation of Ser. No. 131,516, filed
March 18, 1980, now abandoned, and refiled January 3, 1984, as a file wrapper continuation
Ser. No. 567,151, issued July 21, 1987, as U. S. Pat. No. 4,681,786
This invention has been disclosed in Disclosure Documents No. 141,990 and 141,991, both filed October 5, 1985, with the United States Patent and Trademark Office
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION P ri or art encompas s e s compute r acce s s f l o oring supported on fixed corner support columns and the like . The access panels are generally supported at their corners . Generally, access flooring has been composed of metal panels and s omet ime s covered with carpet and other flooring materials . The stability o f computer access flooring has been challenged, particularly when photographs of acces s flooring installations taken after an earthquake reveal that the supports gave way , causing mi l l i on s o f do ll ars in equipment damage and data loss . There are numerous United States patents in the field of computer access flooring and floor panels . Although I have found them not to have any of the distinctive features or the underlying principles of this invention, I include the following patents for reference :
U.S. PATENT NO. INVENTOR ISSUE DATE
4,698,249 Brown October 6, 1987
4,681,786 Brown July 21, 1987
4,676,036 Bessert June 30, 1987 4,625,491 Gibson December 2, 1986
4,621,468 Likozar November 11, 1986
4,606,156 Sweers et al. August 19, 1986
4,596,095 Chalfant June 24, 1986
4,593,499 Kobayashi et al. June 10, 1986 4,578,910 Germeroth et al. April 1, 1986
4,575,984 Versteeg March 18, 1986
4,561,232 Gladden, Jr. et al December 31, 1986
4,546,024 Brown October 8, 1985
4,390,580 Donovan et al. June 28, 1983 4,319,520 Lanting et al. March 16, 1982
4,295,319 Griffin October 20, 1981
4,279,109 Madl, Jr. July 21, 19B1
4,201,023 Jungbluth May 6, 1980
4,154,222 Yu May 15, 1979 4,142,341 Mott March 6, 1979
4,113,219 Mieyal September 12, 1978
4,085,557 Tharp April 25, 1978
4,067,156 Downing, Jr. January 10, 1978
4,035,967 Harvey July 19, 1977 3,999,341 Stout December 28, 1976
3,924,370 Cauceglia et al. December 9, 1975
3,852,928 Raith December 10, 1974
3,811,237 Bettinger May 21, 1974
3,789,557 Harvey February 5, 1974 3,780,480 Cvijanovic et al. December 25, 1973
3,689,017 Harvey September 5, 1972
3,681,882 Harvey August 8, 1972
3,647,173 Pipala March 7, 1972
3,640,036 Nakazawa et al. 3,640,036 3,616,584 Sartori et al. November 2, 1971
3,606,704 Denton September 21, 1971
3,605,846 Van Niel et al. September 20, 1971
3,470,663 Tate October 7, 1980
3,425,179 Haroldson February 4, 1969
3,324,614 Loewenau June 13, 1967
3,318,057 Norsworthy May 9, 1967
3,286,421 Branstrator November 22, 1966
3,279,134 Donovan October 18, 1966
3,383,816 Hodson May 21, 1986
3,180,460 Liskey, Jr. April 27, 1965
3,157,254 Spiselman et al. November 17, 1964
3,150,748 Liskey, Jr. September 29, 1964
3,067,843 Rushton et al. December 11, 1962
3,065,506 Tremer November 27, 1962
2,956,653 Liskey, Jr. October 18, 1960
2,956,652 Liskey, Jr. October 18, 1960
2,867,301 Benton January 6, 1959
2,830,332 Pawlowski April 15, 1958
The three patents by Brown are my own. These patents, of course, have certain elements in common with this invention. In addition, there are several United States patents which deal with the polymerization of impregnated monomers by means of vacuum irradiation. They include Witt 4,519,174 issued May 28, 1985, Bosco 3,808,032 and Bell 3,808,030, both issued April 30, 1974, Barrett 3,721,579 issued March 20, 1973, and Welt 3,709,719 issued January 9, 1973.. Although this invention does not deal with these methods of finishing hard surface materials, this invention does deal with the use of applied wearing surface materials which have been finished by these methods. The forces driving this invention are the development of flexible manufacturing, the electrical powering of factories, the electronic operation and computerization of factory production, the use of computer-assisted engineering, computer-assisted design, computer-assisted manufacturing, computerized numerical control, and the general automation and computerization of the factory and office workplace.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION This invention is substantially different than all the known art computer access flooring disposed on corner support columns . My invention provides discretely selected special rep l i cative access ible pattern layout s o f suspended structural cast plate modular-accessible-units with biased corners shaped to accommodate combinations , such as , the following:
- suspended structural modular-access ible-units plus modular accessible nodes
- suspended structural modular-access ible-units plus modular accessible passage nodes
- suspended structural modular-accessible-units plus modular accessible poke-through nodes - suspended structural modular-accessible-units plus modular accessible nodes plus modular acces s ib le passage nodes
- suspended structural modular-accessible-units plus modular accessible nodes plus modular accessible poke- through, nodes
- suspended, structural modular-accessible-units plus modular acce ss ible pass age node s p lus mo du l a r accessible poke-through nodes - suspended structural modular-accessible-units plus modular accessible, nodes plus modular accessible passage nodes plus modular accessible poke-through nodes.
The arrays of suspended structural modular-access ible¬units and nodes are dispo sed over matrix conductors accommodated within a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix and held in, place by gravity, friction, and assemblage, and sometimes by registry, to provide shallow depth of less than 6 inches (150mm) . The modular-accessible-units comprise modular-accessible-planks , modular-accessible-pavers , modular-accessible-matrix-units, and modular-accessible-tiles which als o include modular- acces sible-carpets and modul ar-
accessible-laminates.
The suspended structural load-bearing modular- accessible-units of this invention are principally for use where shallow depth with greater access to and connectivity of all types of matrix conductors and equipment conductors is desired or required for new and retrofit commercial, office, institutional, educational, warehousing, industrial manufacturing, and service industry facilities.
By the teachings of this invention, a poke-through integrated floor/ceiling conductor management system comprises an array of low-profile suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units or an array of low-profile suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units plus modular accessible nodes and/or modular accessible passage nodes or an array of low-profile suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-matrix-units disposed over a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix which is disposed over a load-bearing support system. The load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix accommodates one or more matrix conductors. To improve sound isolation, a horizontal-disassociation-cushioning-layer of elastic foam or the like is disposed at all points of bearing on at least one coplanar level. The thickness of the entire assembly, from the top surface of the load-bearing support system to the top surface of the modular-accessible-units is divided into ranges of thickness as follows:
- Micro thickness - no less than 1/4 inch (6mm) and no more than 1 inch (25mm) - Mini thickness - greater than 1 inch (25mm) and no more than 3 inches (76mm) - Maxi thickness - greater .than 3 inches (76mm) and up to any required thickness, whereas generally the thickness in many cases need be no more than 6 inches
(150mm) within the teachings of this invention
Whereas the existing art points to computer access
flooring of depths greater than 6 inches (150mm), generally of depths from 12 inches (300mm) to 36 inches (900mm), configured as panels supported at their corners on various types of columns and generally mechanically fastened to the columns with cross bracing of the tops of the columns being necessary, with access to the conductors disposed below the computer-type access panels only by removing the panels and with no way of connecting to the belcw-the-floor conductors, except by making an aperture in the surface of the panel for an above-the-floor monument or a flush cover closing off the aperture in the panel, the teachings of this invention disclose arrays of modular-accessible-units with biased or unbiased corners, supported on a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix accommodating matrix conductors.
The load-bearing three-dimens iona l - condu ct o r -accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix comprises load-bearing granular materials, load-bearing flexible foam, load-bearing rigid foam, load-bearing plinths, load-bearing modular accessible node boxes or load-bearing channels, these types of matrices used singly or in combination.
The biased corners accommodate modular accessible nodes and modular accessible passage nodes of complementary-shapes and sizes to fit in apertures created by the biased corners of adjacent modular-accessible-units. The modular-accessible-nodes may be load-bearing or non-load-bearing .
Thus , there is no need to. core, drill or cut through a modular-accessible-unit to connect equipment cordset plugs to mating compatible receptacles of the matrix conductors as is required by conventional computer access flooring systems .
Connectivity is obtained between matrix conductors and a plurality of different functional types of equipment plug-in cordsets for voice, data, text, video, and power conductors, as well as fluid conductors, and the like, by means of the modular accessible nodes . The modular accessible nodes of this invention are flush and coplanar with adjacent modular-accessible-units and are generally multi-functional . For
example, multi-functional office modular-accessible-nodes may conveniently provide voice, data, text, video, and power at (each modular access ible node o r any other such mu lt i - functional combination . Industrial modular accessible nodes may conveniently provide power, data, voice , video or any other multi-functional combination , another example being power, hydraulic , compressed air , and control conductors provided at a single multi- functional modul ar acces sible node . In my United States Patent 4 , 546, 024 , issued October
8 , 1985 , modular-accessible-tiles are hel d in p l ac e by gravity, friction, and accumulated-interactive-assemblage . This invention utilizes gravity , friction , and ass emblage along with registry in some cases . Registry is obtained by mating of the points of registry and bearing of a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-pas sage-and-support-matrix comprising, for example, modularly spaced load-bearing plinths with the points of registry and bearing comprising registry apertures in the bottom of the open-faced bottom tens ion reinforcement containment of a modular-accessible-unit . Modular spacing of both the load-bearing plinths and the points of registry in the bottom of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment assures the interchangeability o f the modular-accessible-units in an array .
In the case of suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plates and suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plates , the cast plate accommodates registry by various means, including the following: - precision casting of one or more registry points on the underside of the cast plate for mating to supports in the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor- accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix, the cast plate having a wearing surface face good one side - precision casting of one or more registry points on both faces of the cast plate for mating to supports in the lo ad-bearing three-dimens ional - conduct o r-
accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix, the cast plate being reversible and having wearing surface faces good two sides
- precision casting of one or more registry points all the way through the cast plate for mating to supports in the load-bearing three-dimens ional - conductor- accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix, providing a cast plate which has wearing surface faces good two sides - precision drilling of one or more registry points on the unders ide o f the cast plate for mat ing to supports in the load-bearing three-dimensional- conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix, the cast plate having a wearing surface face good one side
- precision drilling of one or more registry points on both, faces of the cast plate for mating to supports in the lo ad-b earing three-dimens ional- conductor- accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix, the cast plate being reversible and having wearing surface faces good two sides
- precision drilling of one or more registry points all the way through the cast plate for mating to supports in the load-bearing t hree-dimensional-conductor- accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix, providing a cast plate having wearing surface faces good two sides - precision positioning of one or more applied registry points on the underside of the cast plate, the applied registry points removable for use of the underside as the face of the cast plate when the cast plate is turned over and the faces are reversed, the cast plate having wearing surface faces good two sides
- a combination of casting, drilling and registry application may also be used. Access to the matrix conductors is obtained by removing one or more modular-accessible-units . Access forp lugging into or unplugging equipment cordsets from
receptacles in activated modular accessible nodes is obtained by removing the flush decorative access covers of one or more modular accessible nodes which are disposed within the array. The flush decorative access covers may be similar in construction to composite-modular-accessible-units and resilient-composite-modular-accessible-units to achieve the structural strength to span the distance from one biased corner to another. The flush decorative access covers comprise many different types, such as, sliding covers, hinged covers, direct plug-in covers, solid covers, lift-out lay-in covers with press-in and pull-out engagement, magnetically held-in-place covers, covers held in place magnetically, covers held in place by one or more fasteners, and the like. In addition, in a modular-accessible-matrix, modular-accessible-matrix-units of the same or contrasting colors or materials may serve as access covers for the modular accessible nodes. For use with modular accessible passage nodes where conductors merely pass through the modular accessible node from the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix, the cover may have knockouts, breakouts, drillouts, and the like to accommodate the passage of the matrix conductors, such as, preassembled conductor assemblies, and equipment cordsets, fluid conductors, and the like, disclosed herein.
Any type of preassembled conductor assembly may be disposed within the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix between one modular accessible node and another to provide multi-functional receptacles for plugging in compatible equipment corsets for equipment disposed above the array of modular accessible nodes and modular accessible passage nodes. These preassembled conductor assemblies may be connected to other preassembled conductor assemblies within the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix or to junction boxes, cluster panels, branch panels, main panels, and the like.
All types of conventional conductors and preassembled conductor assemblies accommodated with the load-bearing three - dimens ional- conducto r- accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix may be extended from below the modul ar-accessible-units through any modular accessible passage node within the array of modular-accessible-unit plus modular accessible nodes and modular accessible passage nodes for direct conductor connectivity of equipment and machinery in conformance with applicable codes . Any type of matrix conductor, conventional conductor or preassembled conductor assembly may be disposed within the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix. Any type of matrix conductor of conventional type may be conveniently adapted to installation within the space limitations of the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and- support-matrix of this invention.
Th.e modular- acces sible-units , modular accessible nodes, modular accessible passage nodes , and the lo ad-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix may have periodical repetitive bar encoding to accommodate ongoing evolutionary computer-assisted status updating of all poke-through integrated flo or/ ceiling conductor management systems and matrix conductor components by means of hand-held or rolling bar code readers .
One or more of any type of conventional conductors and preassembled conductor assemblies may have bar encoding periodically and repetitively disposed along the entire length of the conductors disposed within the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor- accommodative-passage- and-support-matrix to facilitate reading of conductor type , class , capacity, assigned function, and the like , for the purpose of providing ongoing evolutionary bar code reading input directed to a computer for ongoing status updating and identification in the evolutionary conductor management system of this invention.
The modular-accessible-units are arranged in a discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout and assembled into the array by means of an accessible flexible-assembly-joint. The array of modular-accessible- units is held in place flexibly and accessibly over the load- bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage- and-support-matrix by gravity, friction, and assemblage and sometimes also by registry.
The pattern layouts are defined by the shapes of the modular-accessible-units, which generally are squares, rectangles, triangles, or linear planks, with or without biased corners, and the modular accessible nodes which have shapes complementary to the shapes of the modular-accessible- units and which fit into the spaces created by the adjacent intersecting biased corners of the modular-accessible-units.
All modular accessible nodes or potential modular accessible node sites may be activated or non-activated or may be merely potential modular accessible node sites for possible later use. The modular accessible nodes can be easily located because of the distinctive shape, pattern, color, material or texture of their flush decorative access covers and because of the 45 degree rotation to match the biased corners of the modular-accessible-units, which distinguish them from the modular-accessible-units in the array.
The activated and non-activated modular accessible nodes in the array of modular-accessible-units may be disposed in a multiaxial pattern in multiples of 1 to 9 in any direction, i.e., modular accessible nodes may be disposed multiaxially in every one, two, three, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 potential modular accessible node sites. The occupying of a particular modular accessible node site by a modular accessible node may be determined by the functional prescribed needs of the user or by the evolutionary needs of the user as personnel and equipment are added, deleted or moved.
The potent i al modular access ible node sites may accommodate - modular accessible nodes - modular accessible passage nodes - modular accessible poke-through nodes
- modular accessible plank nodes
- modular accessible device nodes
- modular accessible sensor nodes
- modular accessible connection nodes - modular accessible juncture nodes .
The modular accessible nodes and modular acces sible node boxes may be compartmentalized so that different types of utility services may be separated if required or desired. Two or more compartments in a single modular accessible node or modular accessible node box effectively separate power conductors , for example , from vo ice conductors , dat a conductors , text conductors, video conductors, fiber optic conductors , environmental contro l conductors , s ignal conductors , fluid conductors , and the like, providing personal, conductor, and equipment safety and electromagnetic interference and radio frequency interference benefits .
Modular accessible nodes may be located at various depths within the assembly. Some possibilities are:
- entirely above the load-bearing three-dimensional- conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix and entirely within the depth of the modular-accessible- units, the top of the modular accessible nodes being flush, with the top surface of the modular-accessible- units - partially within the depth of the load-bearing three- dimensional-conductor-accommodative -pas s age-and- support-matrix and partially within the entire depth of the modular-accessible-units , the top o f the modular accessible nodes being flush with the top surface of the modular-accessible-units
- partially within the depth of the modular-accessible- units and partially above the modular-accessible-
units - partially within the depth of the load-bearing three- dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and- support-matrix, partially within the entire depth of the modular-accessible-units, and partially above the modular-accessible-units - entirely within the depth of the load-bearing three- dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and- support-matrix. Modular accessible node boxes may be made of pressure stamped or formed metal, may be cast of cementitious concrete or polymer concrete, factory- or site-manufactured of cut and glued cementitious board or polymer concrete board, and the like. The sides provide for cutout, knockout, and punchout holes to accommodate receptacles or conductor passage. A variety of different types of modular accessible node boxes may be used, such as: - factory-manufactured load-bearing modular accessible node boxes - factory-manufactured non-load-bearing modular accessible node boxes
- site-assembled non-load-bearing modular accessible node electrical enclosure components, the components for each enclosure comprising vertical side plates having cutout, knockout and punchout locations for receptacles and passage of matrix conductors with or without connectors preassembled onto the matrix conductors through vertical side plates, the sides of biased corner plinths vertically slotted to receive the vertical side plates, the load-bearing support system providing the bottom for the enclosure
- site-assembled non-load-bearing modular accessible node electrical enclosure components, the components for each enclosure comprising a bottom closure plate, the vertical side plates having cutout, knockout and punchout locations for receptacles and for passage of matrix conductors through the vertical side plates,
and the sides of biased corner plinths slotted to receive the vertical side plates - a uniaxial load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor- accommodative-pas s age - and- support-matrix having vertical side plates on all sides of an electrical enclosure , the height of the vertical side plates equal to the approximate depth o f the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and- support-matrix - a biaxial load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor- accommodative-pas s age-and- support -matrix having vertical s ide plates on one or more sides o f an electrical enclosure, the height of the vertical side plates equal to the approximate depth of the load- bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative- passage-and-support-matrix, and having vertical side plates on two or more s ide s o f the electrical enclosure, the height of the vertical sides plates equal to one half the approximate depth of the load- bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative- passage-and-support-matrix, the vertical sides having cutout, knockout and punchout locations to accommodate receptacles and the passage of the matrix conductors through the vertical side plates - a multiaxial load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor- accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix having on the first axis vertical side plates on one or more sides of a modular accessible node , the height o f the vertical side plates equal to the approximate depth of the lo ad-b ear ing three-dimens ional-conductor- accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix, having on the second axis vertical side plates on one or more sides of the modular accessible node , the height of the vertical side plates equal to two-thirds the app roximat e depth o f the load-bearing three- dimensional-conductor-accommodative-pas s age-and- support-matrix, and having vertical side plates along
a third axis equal to one-third the approximate depth of the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor- accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix, the vertical sides having cutout, knockout and punchout locations to accommodate the passage of the matrix conductors through the vertical side plates.
The modular accessible nodes may have any polygonal shape, the preferred shapes being squares, rectangles, linear rectangles, triangles, and hexagons, and may be of various sizes suitable for use in the spaces formed by the adjacent intersecting biased corners of the modular-accessible-units and at the ends of modular-accessible-planks.
Modular accessible nodes may also be round in shape. For cast units, the corners of the modular-accessible-units may be cast in plan view to have a partial circular blockout in the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment or temporary mold to form round apertures to accommodate the round modular accessible nodes when the intersecting adjacent partial circular corners are assembled. For convenience, it is preferred that the sides created by the biased corners be of equal length and that the remaining sides also be of equal length, but not necessarily equal to the length of the sides created by the biased corners. For example, where a square modular-accessible-unit has biased corners, resulting in an octagon, the modular accessible node is a square with the sides equal to the sides created by the biased corners of the modular-accessible-unit. Where a triangular modular-accessible-unit has biased corners, resulting in a hexagon, the modular-accessible-unit is a hexagon with the sides equal to the sides created by the biased corners of the modular-accessible-unit.
To have biased corners producing sides of unequal length would make it difficult and impractical, except by means of computer-assisted flexible automated factory manufacturing, to work out a pattern with complementary sides matching the sides of the unequal biased corners. The drawings show some of the typical discretely selected special
replicative accessible pattern layouts claimed by the teachings of this invention.
Not all corners of the modular-accessible-unit must be biased. For example, this invention describes a workable pattern developed by having triangular modular-accessible-units with only two biased corners, resulting in pentagonally shaped modular-accessible-units. The resulting pattern shows 6 5-sided modular-accessible-units clustered around a junction point having no modular accessible node while 6 hexagonally shaped modular accessible nodes are located at the outer perimeter of the cluster. The pattern is repeated throughout the array.
Although this invention includes equilateral octagons and hexagons produced, respectively, by biasing the corners of squares or triangles, where the modular-accessible-units are large the modular accessible nodes become so large as to be impractical in many ordinary applications. For example, if the crosswise width span of an equilateral octagon is 24 inches (600mm), the sides of the resulting modular accessible node are almost 10 inches (250mm) in length, which would generally provide an excessive amount of accessibility space for most conductor passage and connection situations, except in special situations in manufacturing plants, research facilities, and the like. Therefore, it is generally preferred that the sides of the hand access openings in the modular accessible nodes range in length from 4 inches (100mm) to 8 inches (200mm). Modular accessible node boxes may be the same size as the modular accessible node hand access openings or 2 inches (50mm) to 6 inches (150mm) greater in size than the modular accessible node hand access openings.
Where the modular accessible nodes are merely to provide an opening for passage of conductors from below the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix to equipment disposed above the array of modular-accessible-units with no modular accessible node box to be located in the modular accessible node site,
the modular accessible node may be even smaller, generally no smaller than 1 inch (25mm) on a side although, for passage of a single small conductor, 3/8 inch (10mm) on a side is feasible. Modular accessible plank nodes are generally 1 inch (25mm) to 4 inches (100mm) in width and with no real limit as to length when used with modular-accessible-plank floors.
The teachings of this invention provide functionally important and desirable combinations of this invention as in the following illustrated examples: - modular-accessible-units with biased corners of 4-inch (100mm) length plus corresponding 4 inch by 4 inch (100mm by 100mm) modular accessible nodes plus 4 inch by 4 inch (100mm by 100mm) modular accessible passage nodes for the functional desirable flexibility of having connectivity for cordsets and conductor passage nodes at any functionally required potential modular accessible node site within the array of modular- accessible-units - modular-accessible-units with biased corners of 4-inch (100mm) length plus corresponding 4 inch by 4 inch (100mm by 100mm) modular accessible nodes plus 4 inch by 4 inch (100mm by 100mm) modular accessible passage nodes plus 4 inch by 4 inch (100mm by 100mm) modular accessible poke-through nodes for the functionally desirable flexibility of having connectivity for cordset nodes, conductor passage nodes, and poke- through nodes at any functionally required potential modular accessible node site within the array of modular-accessible-units.
The modular-accessible-units may include any of the following: - modular-accessible-tiles, which also include modular- accessible-laminates and modular-accessible-carpets - modular-accessible-planks - modular-accessible-pavers modular-accessible-matrix-units.
The modular-accessible-units may have any polygonal shape having three or more sides, which complements and accommodates the shape of the modular accessible nodes which are disposed in the spaces created by adjacent intersecting biased corners of the modular-accessible-units.
The modular-accessible-units have varying width-to-length ratios and thicknesses as follows:
- modular-accessible-tiles - width-to-length ratio of 1 to 1 or greater and less than 1 to 2 and a thickness of 1 percent to 20 percent of the greater span
- modular-accessible-planks - width-to-length ratio of 1 to 2 or greater and less than 2 to 60 and a thickness of 1 percent to 20 percent of the shorter span modular-accessible-pavers - width-to-length ratio of 1 to 1 or greater and less than 1 to 2 and a thickness of 10 percent to 50 percent of the greater span
- modular-accessible-matrix-units - width-to-length ratio of 1 to 1 or greater and. less than 1 to 60 and a thickness of 1 percent to 10 percent of the shorter span.
The modular-accessible-units may comprise suspended structural load-bearing cast plates which are tightly abutted and which may be joined at their edges by an accessible flexible-assembly-joint. The accessible flexible-assembly-joint may be an elastomeric sealant or an unfilled butt joint. The cast plates may be supported at external points of bearing which may be the perimeter sides of the cast plate, the adjacent intersecting biased corners of the cast plates, or a combination of the perimeter sides and adjacent intersecting biased corners of the cast plates in a single simple span without cantilevers . Each suspended structural load-bearing cast plate must have at least three external points of bearing.
The cast plates may be adapted to accommodate any of the following types of spans:
- A single simple span without biased corners
- A single simple span with biased corners
- A single simple span with cantilevers and without biased corners - A single simple span with cantilevers and with biased corners - A multiple continuous span without biased corners a multiple continuous span with biased corners - A multiple continuous span with cantilevers and without biased corners - A multiple continuous span with cantilevers and with biased corners.
It is obvious that a basic cast plate modular- accessible-tile of this invention would be a square, rectangular or triangular cast plate modular-accessible-tile without the biased corners illustrated in the drawings. The suspended structural load-bearing cast plates are divided into ranges of thickness as follows: - Micro thickness - up to and including 1/2 inch (13mm) - Mini thickness - greater than 1/2 inch (13mm) and less than 1 inch (25mm) - Maxi thickness - greater than 1 inch (25mm)
The cast plates are manufactured by filling an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment with an uncured concrete matrix having bonding characteristics for developing a permanent, structural bond between the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment and the concrete matrix when, cured, forming thereby a suspended structural. load-bearing monolithic dimensionally stable composite cast plate.
The cast plates may be manufactured by placing an uncured concrete matrix in a temporary mold as in single mold casting. The uncured concrete matrix may be densified in the mold by one or more methods, such as, vibration, shocking, or a. combination of these methods, and the like. The uncured concrete matrix may be further enhanced: - The top surface of the cast plate seeded with decorative aggregate
- The cast plate seeded with decorative aggregate
throughout its entire depth - The addition of retarders to produce exposed aggregate cast units for receiving after curing a coated wearing surface, such as, urethane, polyester, vinyl, vinylester, acrylic, melamine, epoxy, furan, and the like, the coating producing a uniform flush height to the units.
Special mechanized casting methods may also be used, such as, multiple mold dewatered casting, multiple eggcrate mold casting, the use of heavy duty hydraulic presses, mechanical presses, air pod presses, and the like. These methods are particularly appropriate for manufacturing suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plates and cast paver plates where a permanent bottom tension reinfcrcement containment is not desired. After demolding and curing, the cast plates form a monolithic, dimensionally stable load-bearing unit.
A cast plate modular-accessible-plank is made in the same manner as other cast plate modular-accessible-units. It may have a flat bottom or the deformed generally hat shape described for other cast plate modular-accessible-units of this invention. Its long linear shape makes it suitable for multiple continuous spans on the long axis and for simple spans on the short axis, with and without cantilevers, to fit the linear nature of conductor runs for access in corridors and aisles between office and manufacturing equipment, partitions, counters, desks, and the like, in office, commercial, educational, manufacturing facilities, and the like. The cast plate, modular-accessible-planks are arranged in a pattern layout with several corresponding modular accessible node types. The modular-accessible-planks may be of uniform or random lengths and of uniform or random widths.
The ends of the modular-accessible-planks may be lined up in a soldier pattern, may be staggered at midpoint in the plank or may be randomly staggered in their discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout wherein the
nodes are correspondingly disposed as dictated by evolutionary functional needs.
The potential node sites and the nodes accommodated by modular-accessible-planks are of several types. Modular accessible nodes, modular accessible passage nodes, and modular accessible poke-through nodes are accommodated in an array of modular-accessible-planks by means of biased corners or notches in the perimeter sides on either the long or short axis. Modular accessible plank nodes are narrow nodes disposed at the spaced-apart ends of the modular-accessible- planks. As with other types of cast plate modular- accessible-units, cast plate modular-accessible-planks are disposed over matrix conductors accommodated within a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage- and-support-matrix. Referring to the drawings, Fig. 84 illustrates both points of bearing and points of registry and bearing as means of support.
The open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment is formed by any means, such as, die stamping, rollforming, precision cutting, vacuum forming, injection molding, and the like, to obtain a replicative, precisionsized, permanent mold, thus producing a precision-sized self-forming cast plate. The open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment is made of any suitable material, such as, metal, plastic, fiber-reinforced cementitious board, polymer concrete, multi-layer scrims impregnated with cement, multi-layer scrims impregnated with resin, hardboard, and the like. The materials may be conductive or non-conductive.
The conductive materials are discretely selected and assembled to provide modular-accessible-units having electric resistance in conformance with applicable provisions of National Fire Protection Association Standard 99 so that conductive wearing surface materials, when combined with the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment and the reinforcement in the reinforced cementitious concrete and reinforced polymer concrete materials, provide singularly or in combination one or more the following benefits:
- electromagnetic interference
- radio frequency interference
- electrostatic discharge
- electromagnetic interference drainoff grounding means - radio frequency interference drainoff grounding means
- electrostatic discharge drainoff grounding means .
The op en- f aced b ottom tens i o n re in fo rcement containment may be generally flat rectangular in cross-sectional profile or generally inverted-hat- shape . The use o f a deformed bottom or an inverted-hat- shape profile provides increased weight reduction while retaining strength and stiffness at the points of maximum moment, permanent mechanical bonding of the concrete matrix to the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment, and increased conductor passage below the perimeter edge zone of the cast plate . The inverted-hat-shaped modular-accessible-unit cross-sectional profile offers equally beneficial structural, weight, and cost advantages for modular-accessible-planks with a long linear accessible shape corresponding to the inherently long linear nature o f many o f the matrix conductors accommodated in the lo ad-bearing three -dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix.
The bott om o f the open - fac ed b ot t om tension reinforcement containment may be deformed for greater strength of the resulting cast plate and to allow the use of cross-sectional shapes which are lighter in weight as a result of using less concrete than conventional flat shapes with rectangular cross-sectional profiles . By the teachings of this invention, the deformed bottom may also have a star, grid, dimple, perforated pattern or the like.
The open- f aced b ottom ten s ion re in fo rcement containment has a cross-sectional shape configured to fit three different structural zones within the cast plate, which include the following:
- The center zone o f greatest internal moment and thicker depth
- The intermediate zone of intermediate internal moment and shear, which is smaller in thickness than either the center zone of greatest internal moment or the perimeter edge zone - The perimeter edge zone which includes alternating perimeter bearing zones at perimeter sides abutting the perimeter bearing zones at perimeter sides of adjacent cast plates and perimeter bearing zones at biased corners which coincide with the biased corners of the cast plates, the perimeter edge zone providing greater shear strength to the suspended structural load-bearing cast plate.
In the drawings, Fig. 24 and Fig. 27-33 illustrate some of the applicable cross-sectional profiles and turned-up perimeter edges of this invention.
The open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment has tightly formed corners to properly contain the uncured concrete matrix. The open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment may be constructed as follows: - an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment comprising a bottom and three or more integral sides - an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment comprising a bottom and three or more integral sides with inward-extended flanges - an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment comprising a bottom and three or more integral sides with outward-extended flanges
- an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment comprising a bottom and three or more integral sides with inward-extended flanges horizontally engaged in perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strips with a cushion-edge shape
- an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment created by affixing a channel to each of the sides of a flat sheet, the bottom surface of the bottom flange of the channel affixed to the top surface of the flat sheet
- an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment created by affixing a channel to each of the sides of a flat sheet, the top surface of the bottom flange of the channel affixed to the bottom surface of the flat sheet
- an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment created by affixing a channel to each of the sides of a flat sheet, the top surface of the bottom flange of the channel affixed to the bottom surface of an offset in the side of the flat sheet to form a flat coplanar bottom surface for the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment
- an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment created by affixing a channel to the top surface of each of the sides of a flat sheet, the bottom flange of the channel horizontally engaged in a perimeter linear protective, edge reinforcement strip .with a cushion-edge shape - an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment created by affixing ah angle to each of the sides of a flat sheet, the bottom surface of the horizontal leg of the angle affixed to the top surface of the flat sheet
- an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment created by affixing an angle to each of the sides of a flat sheet, the top surface of the horizontal leg of the angle affixed to the bottom surface of the flat sheet
- an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment created, by affixing an angle to each of the sides of a flat sheet, the top surface of the horizontal leg of the angle affixed to the bottom surface of an offset in the side of the flat sheet to form a flat coplanar bottom surface for the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment
- an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment created by affixing an angle to each of the sides of a
flat sheet, the vertical leg of the angle vertically engaged in perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strips with a cushion-edge shape an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment created by affixing a perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip with a cushion-edge shape to each of the sides of a flat sheet, the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip becoming an integral laminated edge when the uncured concrete matrix is cured.
The channels and angles forming the sides of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment may be affixed to the flat sheets forming the bottom of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment by any means including the following:
- mechanically affixed - mechanically fastened - adhesively affixed - thermoplastically adhered - thermoplastically fused
- thermoplastically welded - metallically welded - ultrasonically welded - engagement affixed - containment engagement affixed - interlocking engagement affixed
- interlocking engagement containment affixed.
The s ide s o f the open - f a ce d b ot t om ten s i o n reinforcement containment may be generally vertical, sloping inward or sloping outward.
The perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strips of the open- faced bottom tens ion reinforcement containment may be made of any type of vinyl, rubber, metal, wood, plastic, laminated high-pressure laminates , laminated melamine, natural stone, manmade stone, and the like .
Where the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment is made of metal, the turned-up perimeter edges
can be any of the following, those il lustrated in the drawings, or the like:
- an edge integrally formed with the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment and having an inward-extending horizontal flange, the top surface of the concrete matrix being flush with the top surface of the flange
- an edge integrally formed with the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment and having a flange extending horizontally or vertically into a slot prepared in a perimeter l inear prote ct ive e dge rein forcement strip with a cushion-edge shape at approximately one-half the height of the concrete mat r ix , the p e rimete r l inear prot ective edge reinforcement strip made of one or more rigid, semi- flexible or flexible materials selected from the group consisting of plastic, rubber, vinyl , elastomeric, wood, and metal
- an inward-facing metal angle affixed to a flat sheet forming the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment, the top surface of the concrete matrix being flush with the top surface of the generally vertical leg of the angle, the metal angle affixed to the flat sheet by any of the following,, or the like : - the bottom surface of the horizontal leg of the. angle being affixed to the top surface of the flat sheet
- the top surface of the horizontal leg of the angle being affixed to the bottom surface of the flat sheet
- the top surface of the horizontal leg of the angle being affixed to the bottom surface of an offset in the side of the flat sheet to form a flat coplanar bottom surface for the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment
- an inward-facing metal channel affixed to the top surface of a flat sheet forming the open-faced bottom
tension reinforcement containment, the top surface of the concrete matrix being flush with the top surface of the channel, the metal channel being affixed to the flat sheet by the following, or the like: - the bottom surface of the bottom flange of the channel being affixed to the top surface of the flat sheet the top surface of the bottom flange of the channel being affixed to the bottom surface of the flat sheet - the top surface of the bottom flange of the channel being affixed to the bottom surface of an offset in the side of the flat sheet to form a flat coplanar bottom surface for the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment - the bottom flange of the channel horizontally engaged in a perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip with a cushion-edge shape. Exposed-to-wear edges may beneficially be covered with an enduring metal facing or an enduring facing of rubber, vinyl, other plastic or the like. Metals may be bronze, brass, stainless steel, zinc, aluminum, and the like. Durable coatings and paints, such as, epoxy, urethane, vinyl, acrylic, vinyl-acrylic, polyester, and the like, may also be used to coat the exposed-to-wear surfaces of the metal edge of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment.
The open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment forming the cast plate has a crosswise width span equal to unity or multiples thereof and a foreshortened diagonal width span ranging from unity to the square root of 2 (1.4142135) correspondingly proportionate to the crosswise width span. The foreshortened diagonal width span is obtained by biasing the corners of the modular-accessible-units to accommodate the modular accessible nodes. The diagonal width span is foreshortened to obtain a number of synergistic multi-functional results, such as:
- the accommodation of the modular accessible nodes in
the space created by adjacent intersecting biased corners
- the support of each modular-accessible-unit at the external points of bearing, such as, - the perimeter sides of the cast plate,
- the biased corners of the cast plate, a combination of the perimeter sides and the biased corners of the cast plate
- the provision of hand aperture access openings for plugging in and disconnecting equipment cordsets and for servicing receptacles for multiple ut i l ity services in the modular accessible nodes disposed in the spaces created by the adjacent intersecting biased corners of the cast plates - access to the matrix conductors accommodated in the lo ad-be ar in g t hre e - dime n s i o n a l - c o n du c t o r - accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix below the array of modular-accessible-units without having to make cutouts through the cast plates to accommodate connectivity devices , air supply and return grilles, and the like, as is prevalent in the known art
- inter changeability of one modular-accessible-unit for another is a prominent feature o f this invention - the neces sity of cutting apertures in the computer access floor panels of the existing art and installing connectivity boxes in the panels makes inter changeability of the panels and access to the conductors below the panels difficult. The structural open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment provides the structural reinforcement required by the suspended structural load-bearing cast plate when the cast plates are loaded as single simple spans, single simple spans with cantilevers , multiple continuous spans , and multiple continuous spans with cantilevers .
In a single simple span, the foreshortening of the diagonal width span results in the proportionate reduction of
the internal moment, external moment, deflection, internal stress, and shear generally by a factor approaching or equal to unity divided by the square root of 2. The reduction provides a cast plate of lighter weight, greater cost effectiveness, and the following characteristics: the cast plate having its greatest thickness determined by the maximum moment occurring within the center zone of greatest moment portion of the resulting crosswise width span - the cast plate having its least thickness to reduce weight determined by the lower intermediate internal moment and lower intermediate shear at the intermediate zone surrounding the center zone of greatest moment of the resulting crosswise width span - the cast plate having the thickness of its perimeter edge zone increased an amount sufficient to carry the shear which is greatest at the external points of bearing the foreshortened diagonal width span being an amount equal to unity, greater than unity or less than the square root of 2 (1.4142135) the crosswise width span being equal to unity - the full corner-to-corner diagonal width span shortened to the foreshortened diagonal width span to accommodate the modular accessible nodes in the spaces created by the adjacent intersecting biased corners
- the balanced diagonal width span extending from one biased corner diagonally to another biased corner.
In a single simple span for a cast plate having an equilateral octagon shape with a balanced diagonal width span without cantilevers, the foreshortening of the diagonal width span results in the proportionate reduction of the internal moment, external moment, deflection, internal stress, and shear generally by a factor approaching or equal to unity divided by the square root of 2. The reduction provides a cast plate of lighter weight, greater cost effectiveness, and the following characteristics:
the ca s t p l ate having it s greatest thicknes s determined by the maximum moment occurring within the center zone o f greatest moment portion o f the resulting crosswise width span - the cast plate having its least thickness to reduce weight determined by the lower intermediate internal mo ment and l owe r i nt e rme di at e s he ar at the intermediate zone surrounding the center zone o f greatest moment of the resulting crosswise width span - the cast plate having the thickness of its perimeter edge zone increased an amount sufficient to carry the shear which is greatest at the external points of bearing
- the foreshortened diagonal width span being an amount equal to unity and equal to the crosswise width span the crosswise width span being equal to unity and equal to the foreshortened diagonal width span
- the full corner-to -corner diagonal width span shortened to the foreshortened diagonal width span to accommodate the modular accessible nodes in the spaces created by the adjacent intersecting biased corners
- the balanced diagonal width span extending from one biased corner diagonally to another biased corner. The cast plate may beneficially be reinforced by any suitable means at the following points :
- The open - faced bottom tens ion re in fo rcement containment
- Bond reinforcement between the concrete matrix and the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment - Supplementary bottom reinforcement to provide bottom tension reinforcement inherent to the open-f aced bottom tension reinforcement containment when also using the enhanced bond, of the concrete matrix to the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment - Top tension reinforcement of the concrete matrix
- General fiber reinforcement throughout the concrete matrix to enhance cast plate ductility and cast plate
wearing surface ductility
Reinforcement of the top wearing surface.
The open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment is preferably structural, forming the bottom tension reinforcement of the cast plate by the bonding of the concrete matrix to the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment and forming an integral containment form for the ingredients of the concrete matrix which harden to structurally bond to the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment and form an integrally bonded load- bearing compression plate with a top wearing surface with limited ability to carry cantilevers.
Increasing the bond between the cementitious concrete matrix and the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment adds material bottom tension reinforcement to the cast plate since cementitious concrete is weak in tension. A bond-enhancing, additive-modified cementitious concrete may be used containing one or more bond enhancers and additives, such as, silica fume, latex, acrylic, latex-acrylic, polyester, epoxy, and the like, to increase the bond between the cementitious concrete matrix and the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment. An additive-enhanced cementitious concrete containing one or more additives, such as, silica fume, latex, acrylic, latex-acrylic, polyester, epoxy, organic and inorganic colorings, and the like, may also be used to enhance bond to the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment.
As well as producing other enhancements, such as, ductility and strength, polymer concrete has good inherent bonding properties and may also be used to achieve an enhanced bond between the polymer concrete matrix and the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment and to reinforce the cast plate.
The open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment may have the bottom or sides reinforced to enhance bond, increase bottom tension reinforcement beyond the. amount provided by the open-faced bottom tension
reinforcement containment, and enhance composite interaction by one or more of the following means : - two or more uniaxial coplanar reinforcing bars welded, fused or adhered to the bottom o f the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment - two or more uniaxial deformed reinforcing bars welded, fused or adhered to the bottom o f the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment
- two biaxial coplanar layers of reinforcing bars , - the first layer placed in one direction and welded, fused or adhered to the bottom o f the op en - f ac e d b ott om t en s i o n r e in f o rc emen t containment - the second layer placed on top of and crosswise to the first layer and welded, fused or adhered to the first layer
- a two-way lay-in grid of woven wire cloth deformed to be periodically spot welded, fused or adhered to the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment and spaced fractionally above the bottom of the open- faced bottom tension reinforcement containment to enhance bond
- a two-way lay-in grid of expanded material deformed to be periodically spot welded, fused or adhered to the open-faced bottom tension, reinforcement containment and spaced fractionally above the bottom of the open- faced bottom tension reinforcement containment to enhance bond - a two-way lay-in grid of perforated material deformed to be periodically spot welded, fused or adhered to the open- f aced b ottom tens i o n reinforcement containment and spaced fractionally above the bottom of the open-faced bottom tension re inforcement containment to enhance bond - a two-way lay-in grid of hardware cloth deformed to be periodically spot welded, fused or adhered to the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment
and spaced fractionally above the bottom of the open- faced bottom tension reinforcement containment to enhance bond - a two-way lay-in grid of wire mesh deformed to be periodically spot welded, fused or adhered to the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment and spaced fractionally above the bottom of the open- faced bottom tension reinforcement containment to enhance bond - a two-way lay-in grid of lathing supported above the bottom of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment - a two-way lay-in grid of reinforcing fabric resting on upwardly disposed projections on the bottom of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment - a plurality of upwardly disposed perforations in the bottom of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment for maximizing bond - a plurality of inwardly disposed perforations in the sides of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment for maximizing bond
- a plurality of upwardly disposed perforations in the bottom and. inwardly disposed perforations in the sides of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment for maximizing bond - When the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment has large perforations,, a thin layer of fluidtight paper or plastic may beneficially be applied externally to the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment to contain the concrete matrix. In most cases, however, the concrete matrix mix is sufficiently stiff to not require this exterior encapsulation.
When the cast plate is a single simple span with cantilevers or a multiple continuous span with or without cantilevers, the concrete matrix of the cast plate may have top tension reinforcement placed beneficially just below the
top of the concrete matrix on legs, chairs or the like attached to the bottom of the top tension reinforcement by tying, welding, fusing or adhering to the top tension reinforcement by any suitable means to properly position the top reinforcement just below the top of the concrete matrix, thereby increasing the ability of the cast plate to handle negative internal moments created by multiple continuous spans and cantilevers.
The top tension reinforcement of the concrete matrix of the cast plate may be any suitable reinforcement means, such as, hardware cloth, welded wire fabric, woven wire cloth, metallic reinforcing mesh, steel reinforcing bars, deformed steel reinforcing bars, plastic reinforcing bars, deformed plastic reinforcing bars, steel fibers, plastic fibers, polymer reinforcing mesh, glass fibers, fiberglass reinforcing mesh, organic plant fibers, and the like.
The top tension reinforcement comprises one or more means, such as:
- two or more uniaxial coplanar reinforcing bars - two or more uniaxial deformed reinforcing bars
- two biaxial coplanar layers of reinforcing bars, the first layer placed in one direction, and the second layer placed on top of and crosswise to the first layer and welded, fused, adhered or tied to the first layer - a two-way lay-in grid of woven wire cloth
- a two-way lay-in grid of expanded material
- a two-way lay-in grid of perforated material
- a two-way lay-in grid of hardware cloth - a two-way lay-in grid of wire mesh
- a two-way lay-in grid of lathing a two-way lay-in grid of reinforcing fabric.
General fiber reinforcement throughout the concrete matrix o f the cast plate may be used by itself or in combination with any of the other types of reinforcement disclosed herein. In addition to general reinforcement of the cast plate, the cast plate ductility and the ductility of
the wearing surface of the cast plate are enhanced. Steel fibers, plastic fibers, glass fibers, and the like are dispersed throughout the concrete matrix by one or more of the following means : - uniform dispersement of the reinforcement, followed by vibrating and shocking into place uniform dispersement and pressure troweling the reinforcement into position - pressing and compacting into place - placing the concrete matrix in layers, alternating with uniformly dispersed layers of reinforcement fibers.
The top wearing surface of the cast plate may be reinforced by means of placing additional reinf crcement, such as, steel fibers, steel fiber mats, plastic fibers, plastic fiber mats, glass fibers, glass fiber mats, metallic filings, and the like, in the top portion of the concrete matrix, generally in the top 1/8 inch (3mm) to 1/2 inch (13mm) of the cast plate. The reinforcement may be added by any means, such as, one or more of the means discussed above for general re in f o r cement .
The uncured concrete matrix is placed in the open-faced bottom tension feinforcement containment for curing. The required permanent structural bond is obtained between the concrete matrix and the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment once curing has taken place by one or more means, such as, the following:
- By texturing the inner surfaces of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment by sandblasting, scarifying, texturing, embossing, perforating, or otherwise roughening
- By selecting the concrete matrix from one of the following: cementitious concrete - additive-enhanced cementitious concrete,. one or more additives being selected from silica fume, latex, acrylic, latex-acrylic, polyester, epoxy.
organic and inorganic colorings, and the like
- bond-enhancing, additive-modified cementitious concrete to which one or more bond enhancers and additives have been added, such as, silica fume, latex, acrylic, latex-acrylic, polyester, epoxy, and the like
- polymer concrete
- By formul at ing the cementitious concrete mix of aggregates and binders to produce no rmalwe ight concrete , lightweight concrete, insulating concrete, foam concrete , and the like, in the light of the desirability of using as light a weight of concrete as possible, consistent with durability, strength, bond, and appearance - By formulating the cementitious concrete mix with any type of binder cement , such as , pozzolan cement , Portland cement, portland-pozzolan cement, integrally colored cement, and the like
- Optimally grading and selecting the aggregates to fill the pores between the larger aggregates in the cόήcrete matrix, such as, river sand, silica sand, gravel, slag, pumice, perlite, vermiculite, expanded shale , crushed stone , marble chips , marble dust , met a ll i c f i l ings , c alc ium carbonate , ceramic microspheres, plastic microspheres, and the like
- By formulating a polymer concrete mix with any type of resin, such as , polyester, polyester-styrene, styrene, epoxy, vinylester, methyl methacrylate, urethane , furan, and the like, as well as any new type of resin not specifically named herein since new resins are continually being developed
- It is generally accepted that polymer concrete comprise s a mix wherein the water us ed in conventional cementitious concrete mixes is replaced with the polymer resin and catalyst and absolutely dry aggregates are used . However , po lymers may also be used as addit ives in
cementitious concrete mixes and this method is disclosed herein. Also new polymer concrete mixes are being developed wherein the dry aggregates are not required to be absolutely dry, and this method is usable in the teachings of this invention. The ingredients in the uncured concrete matrix for the cast plates are thoroughly blended by any of a number of existing mix methods and equipment and then placed in the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment which serves as a permanent mold. The ingredients may be placed in the container all at the same time and mixed. Alternatively, two or more ingredients may be placed in the container and mixed, any remaining ingredients added to the mixture one or more at a time and mixed. These known methods work equally well for the cementitious concrete mixes and for the polymer concrete mixes, and the order in which ingredients are added to the mix may vary. With some polymer concrete resins, benefits result from holding placement of the catalysts until the latest stage possible.
Percolation may be used in polymer concrete mixes and entails the placement of the dry ingredients in the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment, dispersement spraying or pouring the polymer resin and catalyst over the dry ingredients which have been well, blended, and allowing the polymer resin and catalyst to percolate or filter down through the dry ingredients to form a blended mix. A first application of polymer resin and catalyst may be made to the inside of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment prior to placement of the dry ingredients therein. The order in which the polymer resin and catalyst is applied may also be reversed. Percolation may be utilized in one or more succeeding layers.
To assist in obtaining a cohesive, thoroughly compacted mix and eliminating voids in the cured concrete matrix, the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment containing the cementitious concrete mix or
polymer concrete mix, whether mixed or percolated, may be vibrated, shocked, vibrated and shocked, or shocked and vibrated.
Curing of the cementitious c'oncrete cast plates of this invention is obtained by means of enclosed steam curing, enclosed wet saturation curing, enclosed wet saturation and heat curing, curing in a super-insulated envelope, or by a combination of two or more of these methods. Curing of polymer concrete cast plates of this invention is accomplished quickly by conventional room-temperature curing means and by supplementary heat or radiation curing of the known art.
The suspended structural load-bearing cast plates have a number of wearing surfaces. An integral wearing surface may be produced by open-faced casting in the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment, the cast plate and the integral wearing surface being any of the following, or the like:
- a cast plate of cementitious concrete having an integral wearing surface
- a terrazzo cast plate of cementitious concrete having selected aggregates and an integral wearing surface, the cured terrazzo cast plate being precision ground for flatness of the integral wearing surface, precision gauged to thickness, and precision fine ground and polished for appearance grade and functional wearing surface
- a cast plate of polymer concrete having an integral wearing surface - a terrazzo cast plate of polymer concrete having selected aggregates and an integral wearing surface, the cured terrazzo cast plate precision ground for flatness of the integral wearing surface, precision gauged to thickness, and precision fine ground and polished for appearance grade and functional wearing surface.
Selected aggregates, such as, washed gravel, natural stone chips, manmade stone chips, and the like, may be included in the integral wearing surface of the terrazzo cast plates. The integral wearing surface may also be embossed by means of roll-in pressure, press-in pressure, embossed pattern hand press-in pressure, roll-in and press-in pressure, mechanical press pressure, air press pressure, hydraulic press pressure, and the like, to provide improved slip resistance, crack resistance, and appearance.
A densified wearing surface may be applied integrally into the top surface of the uncured concrete matrix at the time of casting. The densified wearing surface may include any type of resin or cementitious cement with bonded metallic filings. The bonded metallic filings are troweled into position to form the densified wearing surface.
A coating wearing surface may be applied to the cured top surface of the concrete matrix. Suitable coatings are urethane, polyester, vinyl, vinylester, furan, acrylic, melamine, epoxy, and the like.
An applied, wearing surface may be applied by adhesive means to the top surface of the concrete matrix of the cast plates after full curing has taken place. Suitable materials include rubber, vinyl, linoleum, cork, leather, high-pressure laminate, composition, ceramic tile, quarry tile, brick, paver, stone, hardwoods, softwoods, metal, carpet, and the like.
The cast plates may have an applied wearing surface applied integrally just after casting into the top surface of the uncured concrete matrix placed in the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment. The applied wearing surface may be ceramic tiles, quarry tiles, cementitious concrete tiles, polymer concrete tiles, stone tiles, brick tiles, marble tiles, granite tiles, treated hardwood tiles, and treated softwood tiles, and the like. To enhance bond, a bonding agent may be rolled, poured, sprayed or curtain coated on one or both surfaces - the under side of the
applied wearing surface and the uncured concrete matrix.
An alternate method of integrally applying the applied wearing surface to the uncured concrete matrix is to use the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment in part as a conventional mold or form. The applied wearing surface face is placed face down on a platen. The open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment is placed open-face-down over the applied wearing surface and the uncured concrete matrix i s p l ac ed in the op en - f ac ed bottom tens ion reinforcement containment through two or more holes in the upturned b ottom o f t he op en - f ac ed . b o tt om tens i on reinforcement containment on top of the applied wearing surface. The casting is allowed to cure and the cured cast plate is demolded as a single composite finished product comprising an open- faced bottom tension reinforcement containment, a concrete matrix core, and an applied wearing surface. A bond breaker or release agent may be applied by any means to the surface of the platen to assure the release of the cured cast plate . The cast plates may beneficially be compressed and compacted to increase their load-carrying capability by means o f gravity hand pres sure , roller pressure, hydraulic pressure, compressed air pressure, and the like.
The treatment of the hardwood and softwood tiles is s e lected from the known art from applied finishes , preservative impregnation, monomer impregnation followed by polymerization by means of the introduction of a catalyst, monomer impregnation followed by polymerization by means of irradiation, and vacuum monomer impregnation followed by polymerization by means of vacuum irradiation.
The vitreous, semi-vitreous, concrete, and natural stone applied wearing surfaces may also be treated to obtain a penetrating, durable finish by the same means described for the monomer impregnation and polymerization of hardwood and softwood tiles . The materials must be treated prior to application of the applied wearing surfaces to the cast plates . The preferred method of treatment for these
materials and the wood materials is by vacuum monomer impregnation followed by polymerization by means of vacuum irradiation.
According to known art, drying or semi-drying oils may be impregnated into the pores of the applied wearing surfaces to produce stain-resistant qualities after they have been impregnated with a monomer and the monomer has been polymerized. The oils which may be used are linseed, tung, lemon, tall, perilla, soybean, sunflower, cottonseed, gunstock, oitica, dehydrated castor oil, and the like.
The cast plates may have accent joints in the wearing surface routed in the wearing surface and filled with accent strips of wood, vinyl, rubber or elastomeric sealant. Alternatively, the accent strips for modular-accessible-units of micro thickness may be disposed directly in the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment and the concrete matrix cast around the accent strips. Accent strips in modular-accessible-units of mini or maxi thickness may have the wearing surface laminated to a core filler of alternative materials to accommodate the greater thickness of the concrete matrix. The accent strips may be aligned and held in place by means of stiffening ribs, strips of perforations or barbs, and the like in the bottom of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment. Accent strips of metal, such as, T-shapes, angles, channels, and the like may be integrally cast face up or cast face down against alignment and positioning jigs. All accent joints may be attached to the top tension reinforcement and cast face up or cast face down. The polygonally-shaped suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plates are disposed over a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage- and-support-matrix comprising coplanar spaced-apart assembly bearing pads. Matrix conductors are accommodated by the assembly bearing pads and in the spaces between the assembly bearing pads. A flexible modular positioning layer, typically a flexible sheet and sometimes comprising a vapor
barrier, is disposed over the load-bearing support system. A granular substrate layer may be placed between the load-bearing support system and the flexible modular positioning layer. Finally, the suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plates are disposed over the assembly bearing pads.
A predetermined pattern layout of assembly bearing pad bearing points may be marked on the top surface of the flexible modular positioning layer to position the assembly bearing pads. The assembly bearing pads may be disposed loose laid on the markings. A foam horizontal-disassociation-cushioning-layer may be loose laid above or below the flexible modular positioning layer at least at the bearing point markings to provide cushioning and enhanced impact sound isolation. Further, the foam horizontal- disassociation-cushioning-layer may have adhesive on both its faces, typically a peel-off, self-stick adhesive type, and may adhere the bottom of the assembly bearing pads to the pattern layout on the flexible modular positioning layer.
The assembly bearing pads may be rigid assembly registry bearing pads, elastomeric assembly registry bearing pads, rigid assembly engagement registry bearing pads, elastomeric assembly engagement registry bearing pads, and the like. The assembly bearing pads may have registry points which coincide with mating registry points on the underside of the cast paver plates.
The assembly bearing pads are loaded in a single simple span /mode or single span with cantilevers mode to limit inherently the internal balancing moment tension stress to a range between 5 percent and 30 percent of the cured compressive strength of the cast paver plate and to an amount less than the load-to-span induced internal moment tension stresses when the cast paver plate is arranged in a selected replicative accessible pattern layout.
Moldcast plates may be replicatively manufactured of a number of materials, such as, dense flexible foam, dense rigid foam, any type of cast cementitious concrete or cast polymer concrete, any type of cast natural rubber or cast
manmade rubber, any type of cast polymer or injection-molded polymer, or any type of metal pressure stamp forming means. Other acceptable methods include cutting out to shape, heat and pressure forming, and embossed stamping out of wood fibers, solid woods laminated, plywood, microlam plywood, particleboard, oriented particleboard, and hardboard. Moldcast plates may be assembled into patterns by scrim layers, plastic and rubber single-ply or multi-ply laminated sheets, uniaxis strips, crosswise strips formed into grids, or any type of plastic, metal, cementitious, or wood-based sheet.
The moldcast plates and the cast paver plates have a thickness and a span-to-load ratio sized to limit the internal balancing moment tension stresses to a range between 5 percent and 30 percent of the cured compressive strength of the units and to an amount less than the load-to-span induced external moment tension stress. The cast plates are precision sized, identically replicated for complete interchangeability. When the corners of the cast plates have biased corners, modular accessible nodes are accommodated at the intersecting adjacent corners.
The load-bearing support system may be any horizontal-base-surface previously disclosed in my previous patents, such as, a suspended structural floor, a concrete slab at grade or below grade, a granular substrate at grade or below grade, and the like, or may be one of the horizontal-base-surfaces disposed and positioned as follows:
- above-grade-level suspended structural floor system
- grade-level base floor system - grade- level suspended floor system
- grade-level suspended structural floor system
- below-grade-level base floor system below-grade- level suspended floor system
- below-grade-level suspended structural floor system - flat structural base surface structural three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative- passage- and- support-matrix forming a part o f a
time/temperature fire-rated floor/ceiling assembly when combined with beams and girders and accommodating one or more layers of matrix conductors in one or more directions and utilizing a coordinated layout for accommodating poke-through devices .
The suspended structural load-bearing support system for the poke-through integrated floor/ceiling conductor management system of this invention, disclosed hereinafter, with which the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix is integrated, may be any one of the following suspended structural load-bearing support systems :
- concrete flat one-way slab
- concrete ribbed one-way slab - concrete corrugated one-way slab concrete joists with integrally cast concrete slab
- concrete two-way joists forming waffle flat slabs with integrally cast concrete slab
- concrete one-way flat slab with fireproofed steel beams and girders
- concrete two-way flat slab
- concrete two-way flat slab with drop panels
- concrete two-way flat slab with fireproofed steel beams and girders - precast single and multiple cellular shapes, such as, tees, multiple tees with linear open tops, I's,. W's, M's, rotated C's with linear open tops, rotated E's with linear open tops
- precast hollow-core slab - precast cellular slab
- precast ribbed slab
- precast flat slab
- precast flat slab panels with reinforced metal edges
- precast concrete joists and cast-in-place flat slab - precast concrete joists and precast flat slab
- precast concrete joists and precast flat slab panels with reinforced metal edges
precast concrete beams and cast-in-place flat slab precast concrete beams and precast flat slab precast concrete beams and precast flat slab panels with reinforced metal edges. The matrix conductors may be any power, electronic, fiber optic, fluid, power superconductivity, power semiconductivity, electronic superconductivity, and electronic semiconductivity conductors produced in any form, such as, the following: - flat conductor cable ribbon conductor cable
- round conductor cable multi-conductor cable oblong multi-conductor cable - oval conductors round multiple conductors composite conductor cable
- jacketed conductor cable
- EMI jacketed conductor cable - RFI jacketed conductor cable
- coaxial cable
- twisted pair cable - fiber optic cable
- control monitoring cable - drain-off grounding conductors
- fluid conductors serving
- plumbing piping systems
- plumbing fixture systems fluid systems - working fluid systems
- refrigerant systems
- exhaust systems
- hydraulic systems
- compressed air systems - vacuum systems
- life safety systems
- sprinkler systems
- fire suppression systems
- standpipe systems low Δ t hot and cold supply and return systems hot and chilled water supply and return systems - steam supply and return systems .
The teachings of this invention describe poke-through integrated floor/ ceiling conductor management systems including arrays of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units , arrays of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units plus modular accessible nodes , modular acces sible pas s age nodes and modul ar acces s ible poke-through nodes , and arrays of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-matrices disposed over matrix conductors of all types which are accommodated within a lo ad-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix which is disposed over a suspended structural load-bearing support system. The load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix is adhered to the suspended structural load-bearing support system or, alternatively, the load-bearing three-dimens ional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix is loose laid over the top surface of the suspended structural load-bearing support system.
The poke-through integrated floor/ceiling conductor management systems for new construction have time/temperature fire-rated poke-through devices previously known to the art precision located and modularly disposed at potential modular accessible poke-through node sites . Each modular accessible poke -through no de o f the p oke-through integrate d floor/ ceiling conductor management system communicates through the suspended structural load-bearing support system by means of the time /temperature fire-rated poke-through device from a floor modular accessible poke-through node to a ceiling modular accessible poke-through node to accommodate the passage of matrix conductors from within the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-pas sage-and-support-matrix.
The floor modular accessible poke-through node comprises one of the following: - a junction box for the modular accessible poke-through node disposed below the center area of a modular- accessible-unit and accommodated within the load- bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommo dative- passage-and-support-matrix and communicating with selected types of matrix conductors - a modular accessible poke-through node disposed between adjacent modular-accessible-units of the array and disposed within the load-bearing three- dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and- support-matrix and communicating with selected types of matrix conductors. The ceiling modular accessible poke-through node comprises one of the following: a ceiling modular accessible poke-through node communicating to and terminating to an outlet box for communicating with a single exposed-to-view fixture for lighting, speakers, detectors, sensors, and the like, with the outlet box concealed- by trim and the single fixture
- one or more ceiling modular accessible poke-through nodes communicating to and terminating to an exposed- to-view uniaxial, biaxial or triaxial single cell or multicell raceway channel matrix with termination concealed by trim of the channel matrix
- one or more ceiling modular accessible poke-through nodes communicating to and terminating to an exposed- to-view uniaxial, biaxial, triaxial integrated fluorescent channel fixture, having a combination conductor passage channel and fixture channel matrix accommodating power, lighting, sensors, and detection conductors, and the like. In new work, the elements making up the poke-through integrated floor/ ceiling conductor management system are modularly disposed and coordinated before the potential.
modular accessible poke-through node sites to accommodate the poke-through devices are cast or cut . The potential modular accessible poke-through node sites are selectively integrated and coordinated as to their positions with the modular position, spacing, and size of the modular-accessible-units, the modular-accessible-units plus modular accessible nodes and modular access ible pas sage nodes , or the modular-accessible-matrix-units so they are disposed in a discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout which is integrated to the size and modularly coordinated spacing of top and bottom reinforcement in the joists , beams and girders of the suspended structural load-bearing support system and the location o f utilit ies , electrical and electronic conductors, mechanical and electrical equipment, the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix, and the ceiling below the suspended structural load-bearing support system. Precision- sized apertures for accommodating modular accessible poke- through nodes are cast into the suspended structural load-bearing support system or cut through the suspended structural load-bearing support system at the potential modular accessible poke-through node sites.
In retrofit work, the discretely selected special rep l ic ative acces s ib le pattern layout is modularly co ordinated by means of metallic-sens ing equipment , exploratory investigations , as-built drawings, original drawings, and field observation with the position of the existing beams, the existing top and bottom reinforcing in the suspended structural load-bearing support system, the existing utilities, services, and conductors.
An important distinction between the teachings of this invention and the known art is that each poke-through device is accessed and connected to from above through a modular-accessible-unit, a modular accessible node or a modular-accessible-unit plus modular accessible node, rather than from below in the conventional manner of the known art. The poke-through device may also be accessed from below the
suspended structural load-bearing support system. The poke- through devices have their power and electronic connectivity supplied from above the suspended structural load-bearing support system by the matrix conductors accommodated in the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative- passage-and-support-matrix, rather than from below as in the known art.
The discretely selected speciai replicative accessible pattern layout of modular-accessible-units, modular- accessible-units plus modular accessible nodes, modular accessible passage nodes or modular accessible poke-through nodes, and modular-accessible-matrix-units must have a size and a pattern which facilitates the coordination of the potential modular accessible poke-through node sites for the placement of the poke-through devices relative to the spacing of the top and bottom reinforcement in and the spacing of beams, joints in the suspended structural load-bearing support system, and top and bottom reinforcement of the suspended structural load-bearing support system. Modularly coordinated spacing of the elements, in uniaxial, biaxial or triaxial parallel patterns of straight rows accommodates the passage of matrix conductors and permits accessibility to the poke-through devices and matrix conductors so the poke-through devices can be activated, deactivated, initially installed, and later installed in the modular accessible poke-through nodes. The poke-through devices are connected to the matrix conductors accommodated within the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and- support-matrix and are accessed from above through the modular-accessible-units, the modular-accessible-units plus modular accessible nodes or the modular-accessible-matrix-units. The poke-through devices may be accessed from below, either through the integral ceiling formed by the suspended structural load-bearing support system or through a ceiling disposed below the suspended structural load-bearing support system.
The modular- accessible-units , modular accessible nodes, modular accessible passage nodes, modular accessible poke-through nodes, and the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix may have periodical repetitive bar encoding to accommodate ongoing evolutionary computer- assisted status updating of all poke- through integrated floor/ceiling conductor management systems and matrix conductor components .
One or more of any type of conventional conductors and preassembled conductor assemblies may have bar encoding periodically and repetitively disposed along the entire length of the conductors disposed within the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-pas s age- and-support-matrix to facilitate reading of conductor type, class , capacity, assigned function, and the like, for the purpose of providing ongoing evolutionary bar code reading input directed to a computer for ongoing status updating and identificatiori in the evolutionary conductor management system of this invention. At least one horizontal-disassociation-cushioning- layer is disposed at all points o f bearing to provide increased sound isolation.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Fig. 23 is a reflected plan, showing a -bottom view of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment of this invention with biased corners as the basic principle for enabling the accommodation of modular accessible nodes into a discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout o f suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units.
Fig. 24 is a transverse, sectional view of the cast plate of this invention illustrated in Fig. 23 for single simple spans with biased corners for accommodating modular accessible nodes, modular accessible passage nodes, and modular accessible poke-through nodes, showing the cross- sectional profile of a deformed open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment filled with a concrete matrix.
Fig. 25 is a top plan view of the cast plate of this invention for single simple spans with biased corners for accommodating modular accessible nodes, modular accessible passage nodes, and modular accessible poke-through nodes, showing an equilateral octagon formed by the biased corners of a square cast plate.
Fig. 26 is a top plan view of the cast plate of this invention for single simple spans with biased corners for accommodating modular accessible nodes, modular accessible passage nodes, and modular accessible poke-through nodes, showing a rectangular cast plate with biased corners forming a biequilateral or elongated octagon.
Fig. 27 is a transverse, sectional view of the cast plate of this invention, showing the cross-sectional profile of a flat-bottom open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment filled with a concrete matrix.
Fig. 28 is a transverse, sectional view of the inverted-hat-shape cast plate of this invention, showing the cross-sectional profile of a deformed open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment filled with a concrete matrix.
Fig . 2 9 is a transvers e , se cti onal view o f the unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment o f thi s invention , showing one o f the several deformed profiles of this invention.
Fig . 30 is a transvers e , sect ional view o f the unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment o f thi s invention , showing one of the several deformed profiles of this invention. Fig. 31 is a transvers e , s ect i onal view of the unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment o f this invention , showing one o f the several deformed profiles of this invention.
Fig . 32 i s a transvers e , secti onal view of the unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment of this invention, showing one of the several de fo rmed profiles of this invention .
Fig . 33 i s a transverse , sectional view of the unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment o f this invention, showing one of the several deformed profiles of this invention. Fig. 34 is a top plan view of the array of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units of this invention, showing suspended structural load-bearing cast plates with biased corners, modular accessible passage nodes, and modular accessible poke-through nodes . Fig. 35 is a top plan view of the array of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units of this invention, showing suspended structural load-bearing cast plates with biased corners , modular accessible nodes , and modular accessible poke-through nodes . Fig. 36 is a reflected plan, showing a bottom view of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment of this invention for single simple spans with biased corners for accommodating modular accessible nodes , mo dula r accessible passage nodes, and modular accessible poke-through nodes .
Fig. 37 is a transverse, sectional view of one-half of the cast plate of this invention as illustrated in Fig. 36 for single simple spans for accommodating modular accessible nodes, modular accessible passage nodes, and modular accessible poke-through nodes, showing a deformed open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment filled with . a concrete matrix in a cross section taken along the crosswise width span axis.
Fig. 38 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of one-half of the cast plate of this invention as illustrated in Fig. 36 for single simple spans accommodating modular accessible nodes, modular accessible passage nodes, and modular accessible poke-through nodes, showing the filled deformed open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment of Fig. 37 with a cross section taken along the foreshortened diagonal width span axis.
Fig. 39 is a top plan view of the cast plate of this invention, showing accent joints in the wearing surface of the cast plate.
Fig. 40 is a transverse, sectional view of the modular-accessible-unit of this invention as illustrated in Fig. 39, showing the cross section of a cast plate taken along its crosswise width span axis.
Fig. 41 is a transverse, sectional view of the modular-accessible-unit of this invention as illustrated in Fig. 39, showing the cross section of the cast plate of Fig. 40 along its foreshortened diagonal width span axis.
Fig. 42 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter edge of the cast plate of this invention, showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment filled with a concrete matrix.
Fig. 43 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter edge of the cast plate of this invention, showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment filled with a concrete matrix. Fig. 44 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter edge of the cast plate of this invention, showing an unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment.
Fig. 45 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter edge of the cast plate of this invention, showing, an unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment.
Fig. 46 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter edge of the cast plate of this invention, showing an unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment.
Fig. 47 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter edge of the cast plate of this invention, showing an unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment.
Fig. 48 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter edge of the cast plate of this
invention, showing an unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment.
Fig. 49 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter edge of the cast plate of this invention, showing an unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment.
Fig. 50 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter edge of the cast plate of this invention, showing an unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment.
Fig. 51 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter edge of the cast plate of this invention, showing an unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment. Fig. 52 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip of the cast plate of this invention, showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment filled with a concrete matrix. Fig. 53 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of ah illustrative perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip of the cast plate of this invention. Fig. 54 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip of the cast plate of this invention. Fig. 55 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip of the cast plate of this invention. Fig. 56 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip of the cast plate of this invention. Fig. 57 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip of the cast plate of this invention. Fig. 58 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip of the cast plate of this invention. Fig.
59 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip of the cast plate of this invention. Fig. 60 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip of the cast plate of this invention. Fig. 61 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of an illustrative perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip of the cast plate of this invention. Fig. 62 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment of this invention.
Fig. 63 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment of this invention.
Fig. 64 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment of this invention.
Fig. 65 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment of this invention.
Fig. 66 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment of this invention. Fig. 67 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment of this invention.
Fig. 68 is omitted.
Fig. 69 is omitted. Fig. 70 is omitted.
Fig. 71 is omitted.
Fig. 72 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the cast plate of this invention.
Fig. 73 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the cast plate of this invention.
Fig. 74 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the cast plate of this invention.
Fig. 75 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the cast plate of this invention.
Fig. 76 is; an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the cast plate of this invention. Fig. 77 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the cast plate of this invention.
Fig. 78 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the cast plate of this invention.
Fig. 79 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the cast plate of this invention.
Fig. 80 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the cast plate of this invention.
Fig. 81 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the cast plate of this invention. Fig. 82 is a reflected plan, showing a bottom view of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment with biased corners of this invention.
Fig. 83 is a transverse, sectional view of the cast plate of this invention as illustrated in Fig. 82. Fig. 84 is a top plan view of a modular-accessible-plank with biased corners illustrated as the cast plate plank of this invention.
Fig. 85 is a reflected plan, showing the cast plate with biased corners of this invention. Fig. 86 is a transverse, sectional view of the cast plate of this invention as illustrated in Fig. 85.
Fig. 87 is a transverse, sectional view of the cast plate of this invention as illustrated in Fig. 88.
Fig. 88 is a reflected plan, showing a bottom view of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment with biased corners of this invention.
Fig. 89 is a transverse, sectional view of the cast plate of this invention as illustrated in Fig. 88, shown as a cross section taken along the crosswise width span axis for multiple continuous spans.
Fig. 90 is a transverse, sectional view of the cast plate of this invention as illustrated in Fig. 88, shown as a
cross section taken along the crosswise width span axis for multiple continuous spans with cantilevers .
Fig. 91 is a top plan view of the array of modular- accessible-planks of this invention, accommodating modular accessible nodes.
Fig. 92 is a top plan view of the array of modular- accessible-planks of this invention, accommodating modular accessible nodes.
Fig. 93 is a top plan view of the array of modular- accessible-planks of this invention, accommodating modular accessible plank nodes.
Fig. 94 is a top plan view of the array of modular- accessible-planks of this invention, accommodating modular accessible plank nodes. Fig. 95 is a top plan view of the array of modular-accessible-planks of this invention, accommodating modular accessible plank nodes.
Fig. 96 is a top plan view of the array of modular-accessible-planks of this invention, accommodating modular accessible plank nodes.
Fig. 97 is a reflected plan, showing a bottom view of the cast plate of this invention, the triangular cast plate illustrating perimeter sides, biased corners and three interchangeable points of registry and bearing. Fig. 98 is a reflected plan, showing a bottom view of the cast plate of this invention, the triangular cast plate being similar to the cast plate of Fig. 97.
Fig. 99 is a reflected plan, showing a bottom view of the cast plate of this invention, the triangular cast plate being similar to the cast plates of Fig. 97 and Fig. 98. Fig. 100 is a top plan view of the array of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units of this invention.
Fig. 101 is a top plan view of the array of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units of this invention.
Fig. 102 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of
the suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plate of this invention.
Fig. 103 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plate of this invention.
Fig. 104 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plate of this invention.
Fig. 105 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plate of this invention.
F i g . 10 6 is a top plan view of the suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plate of this invention.
F ig . 10 7 i s a top plan view o f the suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plate with biased corners of this invention.
Fig . 10 8 is a top plan view of the suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plate of this invention.
Fig . 10 9 is a top plan view o f the suspendedstructural load-bearing moldcast plate with biased corners of. this invention.
Fig . 110 is a top plan view o f the suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plate of this invention.
Fig . 111 is a top plan view of the suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plate with biased corners of this invention.
Fig . 112 is a top plan view o f the suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plate of this invention.
Fig . 113 is a top plan view o f the suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plate with biased corners of this invention.
Fig. 114 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plate of this invention. Fig. 115 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plate of this invention.
Fig. 116 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plate of this invention.
Fig. 117 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plate of this invention.
Fig. 118 is a top plan view of the array of suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plates of this invention, accommodating modular accessible nodes. Fig. 119 is a transverse, sectional view of the suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plate of this invention as illustrated in Fig. 118.
Fig. 120 is a transverse, sectional view of the suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plate of this invention as illustrated in Fig. 118.
Fig. 121 is a top plan view of the array of suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plates of this invention, accommodating modular accessible nodes.
Fig. 122 is a top plan view of the assembly bearing pad of this invention as illustrated in Fig. 121 by two concentric circles having dash lines.
Fig. 123 is a top plan view of the assembly bearing pad of this invention as illustrated in Fig. 121 by two concentric circles having dash lines. Fig. 124 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plates of this invention as illustrated in Fig. 121.
Fig. 125 is an enlarged, transverse, sectional view of the suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plates of this invention as illustrated in Fig. 121.
EMBODIMENTS NOTE: Where I have indicated like reference numerals, the elements have the same designation, meaning, and function as described in previous or subsequent embodiments.
THE TWENTY-FIRST EMBODIMENT OF THIS INVENTION Referring to the drawings , Fig . 23 is a reflected plan, showing a bottom view of the open-faced bottom tension reinf crcement containment 5 6 o f a cas t plate modul ar-accessible-unit with four biased corners 63 as the basic principle f or enabl ing the accommodation o f mo dul ar acces s ibl e nodes 90 into a discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units . The open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 has four perimeter bearing zones 64 at the perimeter sides 79 and four perimeter bearing zones 65 at the biased corners 63 . The equilateral octagon illustrates the foreshortened diagonal width span 60 extending from one biased corner 63 to the opposite biased corner 63. The full corner-to-corner diagonal width span 62 extends diagonally from one co rner to another o f the indicated square-shaped cast plate prior to the biasing of the corners to produce the present octagonal shape.
Various structural zones shown are the center zone of greatest internal moment and thicker depth 57 created by the inverted-hat shape o f the open- faced bottom tens io n reinforcement containment 56, the intermediate zone 58 of intermediate internal moment and shear which cre ates a s lop ing transition between the center zone of greatest internal moment and thicker depth 57 and the perimeter edgezone 59 of thicker depth and greatest internal shear,, and the perimeter edge zone 59 which encompasses at its outer perimeter the alternating perimeter bearing zones 64 at perimeter sides 79 and the perimeter bearing zones 65 at biased corners 63.
Fig. 24 of this embodiment and Fig. 27-33 of later embodiments illustrate several typical cross sections of the cast plate, all bearing, on perimeter bearing zones 64 at perimeter sides 79 or on perimeter bearing zones 65 at biased corners 63. Fig. 27 shows a flat rectangular cross-sectional profile wherein the bottom surface of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 is flat and requires the
largest amount of concrete matrix 55 of all the cross sections shown.
Fig. 24 and Fig. 28-33 illustrate inverted-hat-shaped configurations wherein the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 assumes various configurations to conform with the differing sizes of zones 57, 58 and 59, the deforming of the bottom surface of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 adding greater strength to the cast plate and reducing the amount of concrete matrix 55 required to fill the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56.
Fig. 24 shows a cross-sectional profile of the cast plate modular-accessible-unit illustrated in Fig. 23 for a single simple span with biased corners 63 for accommodating modular accessible nodes 90 and modular accessible passage nodes 91. The deformed open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of mini or maxi thickness has turned-up perimeter edges 95 and is filled with a concrete matrix 55. A coating wearing surface 84, one of the several wearing surfaces of this invention, is applied to the concrete matrix 55. The cast plate bears on the perimeter bearing zones 64 at the perimeter sides 79.
Fig. 25 shows a top plan view of the cast plate modular-accessible-unit for a single simple span with biased corners accommodating modular accessible nodes 90 and modular accessible passage nodes 91, showing an equilateral octagon formed by the biased corners 63 of a square cast plate. The two crosswise width span axes 71 and the two foreshortened diagonal width span axes 72 are also shown. Fig. 26 shows a top plan view of the cast plate modular-accessible-unit, showing a rectangular cast plate with biased corners 63 forming a biequilateral or elongated octagon. The biased corners 63 enable the accommodation of modular accessible nodes 90 and modular accessible passage nodes 91 into a discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units.
THE TWENTY- SECOND EMBODIMENT OF THIS INVENTION Referring to the drawings , Fig. 27 shows a cros s-sectional profile of a cast plate modular-accessible-unit, the flat-bottom open- faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of mini or maxi thicknes s filled with a concrete matrix 55, illustrating the perimeter bearing zones 64 at perimeter sides 79, the perimeter bearing zones 65 at biased corners 63 , and the outer load-bearing zone of thicker depth and greatest internal shear 70 . A densified wearing surface 85 , one of the several wearing surfaces o f this invention, is integrally cast with the concrete matrix 55 . This embodiment is suitable for all span variations of this invention, including single simple spans with and without cantilevers, with and without biased corners 63 , and multiple continuous spans with and without cantilevers , with and without biased corners 63 , all accommodat ing modular accessible nodes 90 and modular accessible passage nodes 91. THE TWENTY-THIRD EMBODIMENT OF THIS INVENTION Referring to the drawings , Fig . 28 shows a cross-s ectional pro fi le o f an inverted-hat-shape cast plate modular-accessible-unit for a single simple span with biased corners accommodating modular accessible nodes 90 and modular accessible passage nodes 91, the deformed open-faced bottom tens ion reinforcement containment 5 6 o f mini or maxi thickness filled with a concrete matrix 55, illustrating the perimeter bearing zones 65 at biased corners 63 and the outer load-bearing zone of thicker depth and greatest internal shear 70 . The concrete matrix 55 has an integral wearing surface 81, one of the several wearing surfaces of this invention.
Fig. 30-33 show the bottom surfaces of the center zone of greatest internal moment and thicker depth 57 and the perimeter bearing zones 64, 65 to be coplanar.
The east plates are disposed over a load-bearing three-dimens ional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 accommodating one or more matrix conductors 86 and disposed over a load-bearing support system 76. The
deformed bottom surface of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 allows additional matrix conductors 86 to be run above the load-bearing three- dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support- matrix 75 and below the bottom surface of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 in the spaces created between the outer perimeter of the center zone of greatest internal moment and thicker depth 57 and the perimeter edge zone 59. Fig. 29-33 show cross-sectional profiles of several typical unfilled deformed open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containments 56 of mini or maxi thickness for single simple spans with biased corners 63 accommodating modular accessible nodes 90 and modular accessible passage nodes 91.
THE TWENTY-FOURTH EMBODIMENT OF THIS INVENTION Referring to the drawings, Fig. 34 shows a top plan view of the array of suspended structural load-bearing cast plate modular-accessible-units, showing suspended structural load-bearing cast plates with biased corners 63 forming biequilateral or elongated octagons which enable the accommodation of the modular accessible passage nodes 91 and modular accessible poke-through nodes 97 indicated by the small shaded squares rotated at 45 degrees. The modular accessible passage nodes 91 accommodate the passage of matrix conductors 86 from the. load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 disposed below the array of modular-accessible-units to equipment located above the modular accessible passage nodes 91. Each modular accessible poke-through node 97 of the integrated floor/ceiling system communicates through the suspended structural load-bearing support system 76 from a floor modular accessible poke-through node 97 to a ceiling modular accessible poke-through node 97 by means of a time /temperature fire-rated poke-through device for passage of matrix conductors 86 from within the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor- accommodative-passage-and-support-
matrix 75.
THE TWENTY-FIFTH EMBODIMENT OF THIS INVENTION Referring to the drawings, Fig. 35 shows a top plan view of the array of suspended structural load-bearing cast plate modular-accessible-units, drawn at the same scale as Fig . 34 , showing suspended structural load-bearing cast plates 92 with biased corners 63 forming biequilateral or elongated octagons which enable the accommodation o f the modular accessible nodes 90 and modular accessible poke-through nodes 97 indicated by the larger unshaded squares rotated at 45 degrees . The modular accessible nodes 90 provide access to and connectivity with matrix conductors 86 accommodated in a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 disposed below the modular-accessible-units . Each modular accessible poke-through node 97 of the integrated floor/ceiling conductor management system communicates through the suspended structural load-bearing support system 7 6 from a fl o o r modular accessible poke-through node 97 to a ceiling modular a c c e s s i b l e p o k e - thr o ugh n o d e 97 b y m e a n s o f a time /temperature fire-rated poke-through device for pass age o f matrix conductor 8 6 within the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support -matrix 75. THE TWENTY-SIXTH EMBODIMENT OF THIS INVENTION
Referring to the drawings, Fig. 36 is a reflected plan, showing a bottom view of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 for single simple spans for accommodating modular accessible nodes 90, the biased corners 63 of a square cast plate modular-accessible-unit forming a biequilateral or elongated octagon as the basic principle for enabling the accommodation of modular accessible nodes 90 into a discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units. Illustrated are the center zone of greatest internal moment and thicker depth 66 created by the inverted-hat-shaped open-faced bottom tension reinforcement
containment 66, the intermediate sloping transition zone 67, the shallow depth zone 68 where internal moment and shear stress are medium, the outer sloping transition zone 69, and the outer load-bearing zone of thicker depth and greatest internal shear 70 which includes the perimeter bearing zones
64 at the perimeter sides 79 and the perimeter bearing zones
65 at the biased corners 63. The two crosswise width span axes 71 and the two foreshortened diagonal width span axes 72 are also indicated. Fig. 37 is a cross-sectional profile taken along the crosswise width span axis 71 of one-half of the cast plate modular-accessible-unit illustrated in Fig. 36, showing a deformed open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of mini or maxi thickness filled with a concrete matrix 55, supported on the perimeter bearing zone 64 at a perimeter side 79. The concrete matrix 55 illustrates an integral wearing surface 81, one of the several wearing surfaces of this invention. Also shown are the center zone of greatest internal moment and thicker depth 66 created by the invertedhat shape of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56, the intermediate sloping transition zone 67 between the shallow depth zone 68 and the center zone of greatest internal moment and thicker depth 66, the shallow depth zone 68, the outer sloping transition zone 69 between the shallow depth zone 68 and the outer load-bearing zone of thicker depth and greatest internal shear 70, and the outer load-bearing zone of thicker depth and greatest internal shear 70. The internal moment and shear stress in the shallow depth zone 68 are medium, permitting reduction of the cast plate modular-accessible-unit by a shallower depth which also stiffens the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 and in part increases the bond between the concrete matrix 55 and the inside face of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56. Fig.. 38 is a cross-sectional profile taken along the foreshortened diagonal width span axis 72 of one-half of the cast plate modular-accessible-unit illustrated in Fig. 36,
showing the filled deformed open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment of Fig. 37, supported on the perimeter bearing zone 65 at a biased corner 63. The figure shows the various zones and the illustrated integral wearing surface of Fig. 37. The figure also illustrates the greater thickness in the shallow depth zone 68 required to accommodate the extended span necessitated by the greater length of the foreshortened diagonal width span axis 72 to accommodate smaller-sized modular accessible nodes 90 at the biased corners 63.
THE TWENTY- SEVENTH EMBODIMENT OF THIS INVENTION Referring to the drawings, Fig. 39 is a top plan view of a cast plate modular-accessible-unit, showing accent joints 73 in the wearing surface of the cast plate having biased corners 63 to form a biequilateral or elongated octagon and provide the enabling means for accommodating modular accessible passage nodes 91 into a discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units. The two crosswise width span axes 71 and the two foreshortened diagonal width span axes 72 are also shown.
Fig. 40 is a cross-sectional profile of the cast plate modular-accessible-unit for multiple continuous spans as illustrated in Fig. 39, showing the cross section of a cast plate of micro thickness taken along its crosswise width span axis 71 and having biased corners 63 to form a biequilateral or elongated octagon and provide the enabling means for accommodating modular accessible passage nodes 91 into a discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units. The modular-accessible-units are disposed over a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 of load-bearing plinths disposed over a load-bearing support system 76, a generally flat-bottom open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 having stiffening ribs 74 also facilitating the alignment of accent joints 73 in the wearing surface of
the cast plate and providing alignment for complementary registry mating with the load-bearing three-dimensional- conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 at the points of registry and bearing 78. Additional points of bearing 77 are also shown where no registry is illustrated. Also shown are areas of matrix conductor passage 87 between the multiple load-bearing plinths within the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-pas sage-and- support-matrix 75. The figure also shows a cast plate illustrating an integral wearing surface 81, one of the several wearing surfaces of this invention.
Fig. 41 is a cross-sectional profile of the modular- accessible-unit for multiple continuous spans as illustrated in Fig. 39, showing one-half the cross section of the cast plate of micro thickness of Fig. 40 along its foreshortened diagonal width span axis 72.
THE TWENTY-EIGHTH EMBODIMENT OF THIS INVENTION Referring to the drawings, Fig. 42-51 show the turned-up perimeter edge 95 of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of a cast plate. Integrally formed edges 95 will be of the same material as the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56, while affixed turned-up perimeter edges 95 may be of a different material. The exposed-to-wear edge of Fig. 43 and Fig. 46-51 may beneficially be covered with an enduring metal facing or an enduring facing of rubber, vinyl, other plastic or the like. Metals for the facing may be bronze, brass, stainless steel, zinc, aluminum, and the like. The exposed-to-view wearing edges of metal may beneficially be coated with enduring coatings, such as, epoxy, urethane, vinyl, acrylic, vinyl-acrylic, polyester, and like coatings.
Fig. 42 shows the turned-up perimeter edge 95 of a cast plate, showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of micro, mini or maxi thickness filled with a concrete matrix 55. This figure illustrates the most basic turned-up perimeter edge 95 configuration of the many perimeter detail variations with turned-up edges of
this invention, providing containment, reinforcement, and protection for the edge of the cast plate. The turned-up perimeter edges 95 of Fig. 43-51 are some of the variations of this basic turned-up perimeter edge 95. Fig. 44-51 do not show the numbered elements.
Fig. 43 shows the turned-up perimeter edge 95 of a cast platen, showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of micro, mini or maxi thickness filled with a concrete matrix 55, the turned-up perimeter edge 95 illustrating a folded-over double edge.
Fig. 44 shows the turned-up perimeter edge 95 of a cast plate, showing an unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement contaiήment 56 of mini or maxi thickness. The turned-up perimeter edge 95 illustrates a separate edge piece with the top surface of the bottom flange attached to the bottom surface of. an offset in the perimeter edge of a flat sheet forming the bottom of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56, the turned-up perimeter edge 95 formed to create a horizontal slot in the side of the cast plate to receive a horizontal spline serving to align two adjacent modular-accessible-units. The horizontal spline may also serve to join together two adjacent modular-accessible-units. The separate edge piece of Fig. 44 and 45 facilitates the edge piece being of an enduring metal. Metals for the facing may be bronze, brass, stainless steel, zinc, aluminum, and the like.
Fig. 45 shows the turned-up perimeter edge 95 of a cast plate, showing an unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of mini or maxi thickness. The separate edge piece forming the turned-up perimeter edge 95 is attached to the flat sheet forming the bottom of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 as in Fig. 44, the. turned-up perimeter edge 95 folded over to form a double edge with a horizontal flange extending horizontally into the cast plate approximately at midheight.
Fig.. 46 shows the turned-up perimeter edge 95 of a cast plate, showing an unfilled open-faced bottom tension
reinforcement containment 56 of micro, mini or maxi thickness, the turned-up perimeter edge 95 folded to form an inwardly extending horizontal flange.
Fig. 47 shows the turned-up perimeter edge 95 of a cast plate, showing an unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of micro, mini or maxi thickness, the turned-up perimeter edge 95 folded to form an inwardly extending, double-thickness horizontal flange.
Fig. 48 shows the turned-up perimeter edge 95 of a cast plate, showing an unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of micro, mini or maxi thickness, the turned-up perimeter edge 95 folded to form an inwardly .extending horizontal flange and a second downwardly and outwardly extending flange, the edge 95 providing a stiffened and embedded edge 95 with a greater bond with the concrete matrix 55 to be placed in the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56.
Fig. 49 shows the turned-up perimeter edge 95 of a cast plate, showing an unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of micro, mini or maxi thickness, the turned-up perimeter edge 95 folded to form an inwardly extending horizontal flange and a second downwardly extending and generally vertical flange, the edge 95 providing a stiffened and embedded edge 95 with greater bond with the concrete matrix 55 to be placed in the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 5,6.
Fig. 50 shows the turnedr-up perimeter edge 95 of a cast plate, showing an unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of micro, mini or maxi thickriess, the turned-up perimeter edge 95 folded to form an outwardly extending horizontal flange between adjacent modular-accessible-units.
Fig. 51 shows the turned-up perimeter edge 95 of a cast plate, showing an unfilled open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of micro, mini or maxi thickness, the turned-up perimeter edge 95 folded to form an outwardly extending horizontal double flange between adjacent
modular-accessible-units.
THE TWENTY-NINTH EMBODIMENT OF THIS INVENTION Referring to the drawings, Fig. 52 shows the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 of a cast plate, showing an open-faced bottom .tension reinforcement containment 56 of maxi thickness filled with a concrete matrix 55, a turned-up perimeter edge 95 folded to form a horizontal flange inwardly extending into the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 to align and keep in place the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 bound between the double-beveled outwardly-beveled inner edge of the concrete matrix 55 during open-face casting and, more importantly, during heavy edge stress when in use. The outer faces oft the vertical surfaces of the flange and the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 are coplanar.
In Fig. 52-61, the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 forms in part a containment for the concrete matrix 55 during open-face casting and a protective edge reinforcement for the cast plate, during use. The angle of the inner face of the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 is complementary to the angle of the outer face of the perimeter edge of the concrete matrix 55. The beveling of the bottom of the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 aids in the retention of the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 by the concrete matrix 55.
Fig. 53 shows the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 of a cast plate, showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of mini thickness filled with a concrete matrix 55, the detail of the turned-up perimeter edge 95 and the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 being similar to the detail of Fig. 52, except that the outer faces of the vertical surfaces of the flange and the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 are on different planes, the flange extending beyond the perimeter linear protective edge
reinforcement strip 88, and the lesser thickness of the cast plate .
As in Fig . 52 , the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 of Fig . 53 forms in part containment during open-face casting . A linear perimeter spline 96 inherently phys ically provides a more pos itive interior engagement between the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 and the concrete matrix 55 at the turned-up perimeter edge 95 , mechanically bonding the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 in place during usage.
Fig . 54 shows the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 of a cast plate, showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of mini thickness filled with a concrete matrix 55 , the short turned-up perimeter edge 95 folded to extend inwardly for hold-in-place engagement into the perimeter linear protect ive edge reinforcement strip 88 and for precis ion positioning and alignment when adhering the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 to the bottom of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56. The perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 is locked into place by the inwardly sloping edge of the top obtuse angle to the interior, face of the concrete matrix 55 . As in Fig. 52 , the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 of Fig. 54 forms in part containment during open- face casting. The perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 has a linear perimeter bottom ledge which inherently physically aids in retaining the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 in the concrete matrix 55 and also increases the bottom bonding surface between the perimeter l inear protect ive edge reinforcement strip 88 and the top perimeter face of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56. Fig . 55 shows the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 of a cast plate, showing an open-faced bottom tens ion reinforcement containment 5 6 o f micro
thickness filled with a concrete matrix 55, the short turned-up perimeter edge 95 similar to the edge 95 of Fig. 54.
The micro perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 forms in part containment during open-face casting. The top obtuse angle to the interior face of the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 provides an inherently weaker linear acute angle edge to the cast concrete matrix during usage while inherently providing a stronger physically inherent retention of the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 at the interior face by the concrete matrix 55 and an inherently stronger linear acute angle to the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88. The short turned-up perimeter edge 95 is folded to extend inwardly into the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 for positive hold-in-place engagement and for precision positioning and alignment when adhering the micro perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 to the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56. The top of the perimeter linear protective, edge reinforcement strip 88 is flush with the top of the short turned-up perimeter edge 95 of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56.
Fig. 56 shows the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 of a cast plate, showing the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 adhered to a flat sheet without a turned-up perimeter edge 95 to form containment during open-face casting and to serve as the containment edge for a concrete matrix 55 of micro thickness. The inside face of the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 is shaped to provide a top linear acute angle to the concrete matrix 55 against the interior face of the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88, providing an inherently stronger top linear obtuse angle to the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88. The perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 is adhered to the perimeter edge of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56. For short runs
involving hand positioning of the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88, die forming of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 without an integral turned-up perimeter edge 95 is not required. Fig. 57 shows the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 of a the cast plate, similar to Fig. 56, except that the joint between the concrete matrix 55 and the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 slopes in the opposite direction. The perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 is adhered to the perimeter edge of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 to form a containment edge during open-face casting. The inside face of the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 is shaped to have a linear top acute angle, providing thereby an inherently stronger linear obtuse angle to the edge of the concrete matrix 55 during usage. For short runs involving hand positioning of the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88, die forming of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 without an integral turned-up perimeter edge 95 is not required.
Fig. 58 shows the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 of a cast plate, showing the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 adhered to an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 with a very small turned-up perimeter edge 95 which extends vertically upward into the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88. The perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 cantilevers outwardly beyond the turned-up perimeter edge 95 of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 and combines with the turned-up perimeter edge 95 to form a containment edge during open-face casting and to serve as the containment edge for a concrete matrix 55 of micro thickness. The inside face of the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 is shaped to provide a top linear acute angle to the concrete matrix 55 against the interior face of the perimeter linear
protective edge reinforcement strip 88 , providing an inherently stronger top linear obtuse angle to the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88. The perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 is adhered to the perimeter edge of the open- faced bottom tens i on reinforcement containment 56. The turned-up perimeter edge 95 facilitates the positioning of the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 for adhering the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 to the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 and to a degree aids in mechanically looking the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 in place during usage.
Fig . 59 shows the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 of a cast plate, similar to Fig. 58 , except that the perimete r l inear p rote ct ive e dge reinforcement strip 88 has an extension on the bottom to be flush with the bottom surface of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56. Fig. 60 shows the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 8S of a the cast plate, similar to Fig. 57 , except that the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement cont ainment 5 6 has a turned-up p erimet e r edge 95 approximately half the height of the concrete matrix .55. The turned-up perimeter edge 95 provides the means to facilitate po s itioning the perimeter linear protect ive edge reinforcement strip 88 for adhering the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 to the bottom surface of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56.
Fig. 61 shows a perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 of a cast plate, similar to Fig. 60, except that the half-height turned-up perimeter edge 95 of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 is flush on the outside face with the outside face of an offset in the perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip 88 disposed on the top edge of the turned-up perimeter edge
THE THIRTIETH EMBODIMENT OF THIS INVENTION Referring to the drawings, Fig. 62-71 show some of the possible variations in turned-up perimeter edges 95 created by affixing a channel, angle or the like to the perimeter edge of a flat sheet to form a containment edge for an open- faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56. The turned-up perimeter edge 95 may be of metal, such as, bronze, brass, stainless steel, zinc, and aluminum, as well as of rubber, vinyl, other plastics, and the like. Alternatively, the exposed-to-wear edges may beneficially be covered with an enduring metal facing or an enduring facing of rubber, vinyl or other plastic or the like. The exposed-to-view wearing edges of metal may beneficially be coated with enduring coatings, such as epoxy, urethane, vinyl, acrylic, vinyl-acrylic, polyester, and like type coatings.
Fig. 62 shows an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of a cast plate, showing the bottom surface of the bottom flange of a channel edge affixed to the top surface of the perimeter edge of a flat sheet to form a turned-up perimeter edge 95 and to contain a concrete matrix 55 of maxi thickness.
Fig. 63 shows the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of a cast plate, showing the top surface of the bottom flange of a channel edge affixed to the bottom surface of an offset in the perimeter edge of a flat sheet to form a turned-up perimeter edge 95 and to contain a concrete matrix 55 of maxi thickness.
Fig. 64 shows an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of a cast plate, showing the bottom surface of the inward-facing horizontal leg of an angle edge affixed to the top surface of the perimeter edge of a flat sheet to form a turned-up perimeter edge 95 and to contain a concrete matrix 55 of mini thickness. Fig. 65 shows an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of a cast plate, showing the top surface of the bottom flange of a channel edge affixed to the
bottom surface of the perimeter edge of a flat sheet to form a turned-up perimeter edge 95 and to contain a concrete matrix 55 of maxi thickness.
Fig. 66 shows an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of a cast plate, showing the top surface of the inward-facing horizontal leg of an angle edge affixed to the bottom surface of an offset in the perimeter edge of a flat sheet to form a turned-up perimeter edge 95 and to contain a concrete matrix 55 of mini thickness. Fig. 67 shows an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of a cast plate, showing the top surface of the inward-facing horizontal leg of an angle edge affixed to the bottom surface of the perimeter edge of a flat sheet to form a turned-up perimeter edge 95 and to contain a concrete matrix 55 of micro thickness.
Fig. 68 is omitted.
Fig. 69 is omitted.
Fig. 70 is omitted.
Fig. 71 is omitted. THE THIRTY-FIRST EMBODIMENT OF THIS INVENTION
Referring to the drawings, Fig. 72-75 show possible variations of the stiffening rib 74 of this invention, which serves to strengthen the cast plate and allow the use of a thinner concrete matrix 55, providing thereby a finished cast plate of lighter weight and lower cost. The cast plate is, typically, a terrazzo cast plate of cementitious concrete or polymer concrete. For additional durability, decorative covers may beneficially be used to protect exposed-to-view stiffening ribs 74. Decorative covers may be of metal, such as, bronze, brass, stainless steel, zinc, aluminum, and the like, or of durable rubber, vinyl, other plastics or the like. Alternatively, the exposed-to-view wearing edges of metal may beneficially be coated with enduring coatings, such as, epoxy, urethane, vinyl, acrylic, vinyl-acrylic, polyester, and like type coatings.
Fig. 74-77 show different methods of achieving an accent joint 73 in the wearing surface of the cast plate of
this invention. The casting of the cast plate itself may be accomplished by any suitable means, including the following:
The preferred method of making the cast plate is to use a jig to precisely position the accent strips of wood, rubber, vinyl and the like, adhering the accent strips to the bottom of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56. The uncured concrete matrix 55 is placed in the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56, preferably by a computer-controlled dispensing machine which precisely measures the amount of concrete matrix 55 required for each piece, thereby avoiding spillovers requiring cleanup and unfilled voids requiring patching or inspection rejection, which are associated with striking off the concrete. The cast plate is allowed to cure. After curing, the open face of the cast plate is precision ground for flatness, precision gauged to thickness, and precision fine ground and polished for appearance grade and functional wearing surface.
- A first alternate method is by means of routing the accent joint 73 in the wearing surface of the cast plate, the accent joint 73 filled with an accent strip of wood, rubber, vinyl and the like, or of elastomeric sealant. - A second alternate method is by means of casting the cast plate upside down on a platen with the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 serving as the form. An accent strip is aligned with a jig and held in position. The concrete matrix 55 is placed in the open - f ac e d b ott om t en s io n re in f o rc ement containment 56 through two or more holes in the open- faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 positioned in the intermediate zone 58 of intermediate internal moment and shear. After the cast plate has cured, the wearing surface is finished by means o f p r eci s ion grinding, gauging , and po l ishing as
disclosed in the preferred method.
- A third alternate method is by means of casting the cast plate upside down on a platen with the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 serving as the form. An accent joint 73 form is aligned with a jig to leave a void for later filling of the accent joint 73 with the selected accent strip. The concrete matrix 55 is placed in the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 through two or more holes in the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 positioned in the intermediate zone 58 of intermediate internal moment and shear. After the cast plate has cured, the accent joint 73 is filled.
The finishing of the wearing surface by precision grinding, gauging, and polishing may be done either before or after the filling of the accent joint 73 with the accent strip.
Fig. 78-81 show some of metal shapes which can be cast integrally with the concrete matrix 55 as accent joints 73 of this invention. Alternatively, durable hard plastics may also be used.
Fig. 72 shows a portion of a cast plate, showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 with an integral exposed-to-view inverted-V-shaped stiffening rib 74 and a concrete matrix 55 of micro. thickness. The stiffening rib 74 may be covered with an angle-shaped decorative cover or coated with an enduring coating.
Fig. 73 shows a portion of a cast plate, showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 with an integral exposed-to-view double folded stiffening rib 74 and a concrete matrix 55 of micro thickness. The stiffening rib 74 may. be covered with a flat-topped channel wearing surface accent joint decorative cover to be flush with the top surface of the concrete matrix 55. Fig. 74 shows a portion of a cast plate, showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 and a concrete matrix 55 of micro thickness, illustrating a
concealed-from-view inverted-V-shaped stiffening rib 74 in the bottom of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 to align with a generally vertically-sided accent joint 73. The accent strip of wood, vinyl or rubber has a bottom surface which is complementary to the shape of the stiffening rib 74. The accent strip is seated face up over the stiffening rib 74 and is adhered to the bottom of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56. The cast plate is created in accordance with the teachings of this invention. The accent strip may also be regressed by a depth of 0.005 inch (1mm) to 0.250 inch (6mm)below the adjacent wearing surface to avoid contact with the succeeding finishing operations of grinding, gauging, and polishing as well as to enhance the appearance of the accent appearance. Adjacent edges of the concrete matrix 55 may beneficially be eased and/or beveled.
Fig. 75 shows a portion of a cast plate, showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 and a concrete matrix 55 of micro thickness, illustrating a variation of a stiffening rib 74 comprising a concealed-from-view strip of perforations or barbs in the bottom of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement 56 containment to align, engage, and fasten the accent strip to the bottom of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56, the accent strip having inwardly-sloped sides. The cast plate is created in accordance with the teachings of this invention and the accent joint 73 filled with a strip of wood, vinyl or rubber which engages with the perforations to form a positive engagement. The accent strip may also be regressed by a depth of 0.005 inch (1mm) to 0.250 inch
(6mm) below the adjacent wearing surface to avoid contact with the succeeding finishing operations of grinding, gauging, and polishing as well as to enhance the appearance of the accent appearance. Adjacent edges of the concrete matrix 55 may beneficially be eased and/or beveled.
Fig. 76 shows a portion of a cast plate, showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 and a
concrete matrix 55 of micro thickness, illustrating an outwardly-sloped-sided accent joint 73 filled with an accent strip of wood, vinyl, rubber or the like or an elastomeric sealant. The accent strip may also be regressed by a depth of 0.005 inch (1mm) to 0.250 inch (6mm) below the adjacent wearing surface to avoid contact with the succeeding finishing operations of grinding, gauging, and polishing as well as to enhance the appearance of the accent appearance. Adjacent edges of the concrete matrix 55 may beneficially be eased and/or beveled.
Fig. 77 shows a portion of a cast plate, showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 and a concrete matrix 55 of micro thickness, illustrating an inwardly-sloped-sided accent joint 73 filled with a strip of wood, vinyl or rubber or an elastomeric sealant. The accent strip may also be regressed by a depth of 0.005 inch (1mm) to 0.250 inch (6mm) below the adjacent wearing surface to avoid contact with the succeeding finishing operations of grinding, gauging, and polishing as well as to enhance the appearance of the accent appearance. Adjacent edges of the concrete matrix 55 may beneficially be eased and/or beveled.
Fig. 78 shows a portion of a cast plate, showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 and a concrete matrix.55 of micro thickness, illustrating an accent joint 73 in the wearing surface of the cast plate comprising an inverted-T-shaped metal shape with the top surface of the leg exposed to view, the metal shape positioned and held in place in the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 while the cast plate is created in accordance with the teachings of this invention.
Fig. 79 shows a portion of a cast plate, showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 and a concrete matrix 55 of micro thickness, illustrating an accent joint 73 in the wearing surface of the cast plate comprising a metal angle with the top surface of one leg exposed to view, the metal angle positioned in the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 and held in place while
the cast plate is created in accordance with the teachings of this invention.
Fig. 80 shows a portion of a ca3t plate, showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 and a concrete matrix 55 of micro thickness, illustrating a metal wraparound channel adhered to the bottom of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56, the cast plate created in accordance with the teachings of this invention.
The accent strip may also be regressed by a depth of 0.005 inch (1mm) to 0.250 inch (6mm) below the adjacent wearing surface to avoid contact with the succeeding finishing operations of grinding, gauging, and polishing as well as to enhance the appearance of the accent appearance. Adjacent edges of the concrete matrix 55 may beneficially be eased and/or beveled.
Fig. 81 shows a portion of a cast plate, showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 and a concrete matrix 55 of micro thickness, illustrating an exposed-to-view accent joint 73 comprising a metal hat shape with outwardly extending flanges adhered to the bottom of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 and a concealed-from-view hat-shaped stiffening rib 74 impressed in the bottom of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 to accommodate, position, and align, the exposed-to-view and exposed-to-wear accent joint 73. The cast plate is created in accordance with the teachings of this invention. The accent strip may also be regressed by a depth of 0.005 inch (1mm) to 0.250 inch (6mm) below the adjacent wearing surface to avoid contact with the succeeding finishing operations of grinding, gauging, and polishing as well as to enhance the appearance of the accent appearance.
Adjacent edges of the concrete matrix 55 may beneficially be eased and/or beveled.
THE THIRTY-SECOND EMBODIMENT OF THIS INVENTION It is a noteworthy feature of this invention that the Thirty-Second, Thirty-Fourth, and Thirty-Fifth Embodiments, along with Fig. 82, 85 and 88, illustrate the feasibility,
possibilities, and advantages of having modular-accessible-units of different biased corners sharing a common modular registry bearing 78 standard to provide for the relocation of modular-accessible-units within an array or within a building complex.
Referring to the drawings, Fig. 82 shows a bottom view of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of a cast plate, showing eight equal sides comprising four equal biased corners 63 and four equal perimeter sides 79 which produce an equilateral octagon, the bottom of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 illustrating four points of registry and bearing 78 for a single simple span with cantilevers.
Fig. 83 shows a cross-sectional profile of the cast plate, illustrated in Fig. 82, showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 filled with a concrete matrix 55 of mini thickness and matrix conductor passages 87 accommodated between modularly-spaced load-bearing plinths illustrating points of registry and bearing 78 within a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 disposed over a load-bearing support system 76. The figure illustrates an integrally-applied applied wearing surface 83, one of the several wearing surfaces of this invention. THE THIRTY-THIRD EMBODIMENT OF THIS INVENTION
Referring to the drawings, Fig. 84 shows a top plan view of a cast plate modular-accessible-plank with biased corners 63, illustrating notches 89 for accommodating modular accessible nodes 90, modular accessible passage nodes 91, and modular accessible poke-through nodes 97. The biased corners 63 enable the accommodation of modular accessible nodes 90, modular accessible passage nodes 91, and modular accessible poke-through nodes 97 into a discretely .selected special replicative accessible pattern layout of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-planks. Linear modular accessible plank, nodes 94 may also be disposed at the ends of the modular-accessible-planks.
THE THIRTY-FOURTH EMBODIMENT OF THIS INVENTION Referring to the drawings, Fig. 85 shows a bottom view of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 of a cast plate, showing the biequilateral or elongated octagon of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 and illustrating points of registry and bearing 78 for use with a single simple span with cantilevers and accommodating modular accessible nodes 90, modular accessible passage nodes 91, and modular accessible poke- through nodes 97. The biased corners 63 enable the accommodation of modular accessible nodes 90, modular accessible passage nodes 91, and modular accessible poke- through nodes 97 within a discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units. The two crosswise width span axes 71 and the two foreshortened diagonal span width axes 72 are also shown.
Fig. 86 shows a cross-sectional profile of the cast plate illustrated in Fig. 85, showing a deformed open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 illustrating a sloping bottom for weight reduction at the zones of less internal moment and shear while retaining strength andutilizing the increased strength of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 achieved by means of deforming the bottom and having integrally formed in the bottom points of registry and bearing 78. The open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 is filled with a concrete matrix 55 of mini or maxi thickness and matrix conductor passages 87 are accommodated between load-bearing plinths within a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 disposed over a load-bearing support system 76. The concrete matrix 55 has an integral wearing surface, one of the several wearing surfaces of this invention. THE THIRTY-FIFTH EMBODIMENT OF THIS INVENTION
Referring to the drawings, Fig. 88 shows a bottom view of the open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56
of a cast plate, the biequilateral or elongated octagon of the cast plate illustrating points of registry and bearing 7-8 , perimeter sides 79, and biased corners 63 to accommodate modular accessible passage nodes 91 within a discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units .
Fig . 87 shows a cross-sectional profile of the cast plate illustrated in Fig. 88 , showing an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 with a flat bottom and illustrating points of registry and bearing 78 for a single simple span with cantilevers, filled with a concrete matrix 55 of mini or maxi thickness, and matrix conductor passages 87 accommodated between load-bearing plinths within a load- bearing three-dimensional- conduct or-accommodative-passage- and-support-matrix 75 disposed over a load-bearing support system 76. The cast plate has an integral wearing surface 81, one of the several wearing surfaces of this invention.
Fig. 89 shows a cross-sectional profile of the cast plate illustrated in Fig. 88, shown as a cross section taken along the crosswise width span axis 71 for multiple continuous spans, an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment 56 illustrating points of bearing 77 and points of registry and bearing 78, filled with a concrete matrix 55 of mini thickness , and matrix conductor pas sages 87 accommodated between closely-spaced load-bearing plinths within a load-bearing, three- dimen s ional - c onduct o r-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 disposed over a load-bearing support system 76. The cast plate has an integral wearing surface 81 , one of the several wearing surfaces of this .invention.
Fig. 90 shows a cross-sectional profile of the cast plate illustrated in Fig. 88 , shown as a cross section taken along the cros swise width span axis 71 for multiple continuous spans with cantilevers, similar in configuration to Fig. 89, except that the load-bearing plinths are spaced twice as far apart as the plinths of Fig. 89.
THE THIRTY- SIXTH EMBODIMENT OF THIS INVENTION Referring to the drawings, Fig. 91-96 show top plan views which illustrate several of the discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layouts of this invention for modular-accessible-planks. A cast plate modular-accessible-plank is made in the same manner as other cast plate modular-accessible-units. It may have a flat bottom or the deformed, generally hat shape described for other cast plate modular-accessible-units of this invention. Its long linear shape makes it suitable for multiple continuous spans on the long axis and for simple spans on the short axis, with and without cantilevers, to fit the linear nature of conductor runs for access in corridors and aisles between office and manufacturing equipment, partitions, counters, desks, and the like, in office, commercial, educational, manufacturing facilities, and the like.
The cast plate modular-accessible-planks are arranged in a pattern layout with several corresponding modular accessible node 90 types. The modular-accessible-planks may be of uniform or random lengths and of uniform or random widths. The ends of the modular-accessible-planks may be lined up in a soldier pattern, may be staggered at midpoint in the plank, or. may be randomly staggered in their discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layoutwherein the nodes are correspondingly disposed as dictated by evolutionary functional needs.
The potential node sites and the nodes accommodated by modular-accessible-planks are of several types. Modular accessible nodes 90, modular accessible passage nodes 91, and modular accessible poke-through nodes 97 are accommodated in the patterned layouts of modular-accessible-planks by means of biased corners 63 or notches 89 in the perimeter sides 79 on either the long or short axis. Modular accessible plank nodes 94 are generally narrow linear nodes placed at perimeter sides 79 at the spaced-apart ends of the modular- accessible-planks. As with other types of cast plate modular-accessible-units, cast plate modular-accessible-
planks are disposed over matrix conductors 86 accommodated within a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75.
Fig. 91 shows an array of modular-accessible-planks, accommodating modular accessible nodes 90, modular accessible passage nodes 91, and modular accessible poke-through nodes 97 illustrated by the unshaded squares in a discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout, one of the several patterns layouts of this invention, the nodes 90, 91 and 97 accommodated by means of notches 89 in the ends of the modular-accessible-planks.
Fig. 92 shows an array of modular-accessible-planks, accommodating modular accessible nodes 90, modular accessible passage nodes 91, and modular accessible poke-through nodes 97 illustrated in the unshaded squares in a discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout, one of the several pattern layouts of this invention, the nodes
90, 91, and 97 accommodated at the biased corners 63 of the modular-accessible-planks. Fig. 93-96 each shows an array of modular-accessible-planks, accommodating modular accessible plank nodes 94 illustrated in the unshaded rectangles disposed at the ends of to the modular-accessible-planks in a discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout, one of the several pattern layouts of this invention.
THE THIRTY-SEVENTH EMBODIMENT OF THIS INVENTION Referring to the drawings, Fig. 97-99 each show a bottom view of a cast plate, the triangular cast plate illustrating perimeter sides 79, biased corners 63, and three interchangeable points of registry and bearing 78. The biased corners accommodate complementary hexagonal modular accessible nodes 90, modular accessible passage nodes 91, and modular accessible poke-through nodes 97. in a discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units.
The difference between Fig. 97-99 lies in the length of the perimeter sides 79 at the biased corners 63. Fig. 97
and Fig. 98 accommodate modular accessible nodes 90, modular accessible passage nodes 91, and modular accessible poke- through nodes 97 of different sizes. The biased corners 63 of Fig. 99 are too small to accommodate modular accessible nodes 90 or modular accessible poke-through nodes 97 and will accommodate only modular accessible passage nodes 91. THE THIRTY-EIGHTH EMBODIMENT OF THIS INVENTION Referring to the drawings, Fig. 100 shows a top plan view of an array of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units, the triangular cast plates of the array each having three principal sides 79 and only two biased corners 63 and assembled with modular accessible passage nodes 91, modular accessible nodes 90 or modular accessible poke-through node 97 into a discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units, the array having fewer nodes 90, 91 or 97 than the array of Fig. 101.
Fig. 101 shows a top plan view of an array of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units, the triangular cast plates of the array each having three principal sides 79 and three biased corners 63 and assembled with modular accessible nodes 90, modular accessible passage nodes 91 or modular accessible poke-through nodes 97 into a discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units, the array having generally one modular accessible node 90, modular accessible passage node 91 or modular accessible poke-through node 97 at each adjacent intersecting corner. THE THIRTY-NINTH EMBODIMENT OF THIS INVENTION
Referring to the drawings, Fig. 102-105 show cross-sectional views of the suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plates 120 of this invention for use as light duty, medium duty, and heavy duty industrial floors providing accessible conductor accommodation and conductor management. Eig., 102 and Fig. 103 are taken as cross sections through Fig. 106 and Fig. 107 or cross sections through
polygonal shapes. Fig. 104 and Fig. 105 are taken as cross sections through Fig. 108 and Fig. 109 or cross sections through other polygonal shapes.
Fig. 102 shows a horizontal-base-surface 16 covered by a flexible modular positioning layer 103. Over the flexible modular positioning layer 103 is disposed a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 comprising a lower layer of lay-in and pull-under matrix conductors 121, an upper layer of lay-in matrix conductors 123 disposed crosswise to the lower layer 121 and supported by a partial-height support rail 135 which is disposed along the same axis as the lower layer 121. Modular-accessible-units 92 comprising suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plates 120 are disposed over load-bearing supports illustrating points of registry and bearing 78. The moldcast plates 120 have sloped abutting sides 137, are good one side 133, and have accessible flexible-assembly-joints with eased edges 126.
The flexible modular positioning layer 103 and its related version comprising a vapor barrier 104 can be integrated into the assembly in various ways. It may be disposed over a load-bearing support system 76 or a granular substrate layer 116 or a granular underdrain substrate layer 117. A horizontal-disassociation-cushioning-layer 18 may be placed above or below the flexible modular positioning layer 103 or 104, providing cushioning and enhanced impact sound isolation. A horizontal-disassociation-cushioning-layer 17 may be placed above or below the flexible modular positioning layer 103, 104 at the bearing points of the assembly bearing pads 100, conductor channels 119, cross-type assembly bearing pads with points of registry 141, clustered-type plinth assembly bearing pads 142, and other types of load-bearing supports. The flexible modular positioning layer 103 may have markings placed on its top surface at predetermined locations to assist in properly positioning the assembly bearing pads 100 and other load-bearingr supports. The assembly bearing pads 100 and other load-bearing supports may
be affixed to the flexible modular positioning layer by means of an adhesive layer on both faces of the horizontal- disassociation-cushioning-layer 17 placed below the supports. Fig. 103 shows a load-bearing support system 76 covered by a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor- accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75. Disposed within the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative- passage-and-support-matrix 75 are conductor channels 119, illustrated points of registry and bearing 78, a lower layer of lay-in and pull-under matrix conductors 121, and an upper layer of lay-in matrix conductors 123 disposed crosswise to lower layer 121. Modular-accessible-units 92 comprising suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plates 120 which are good one side 133 are disposed over the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and- support-matrix 75. The moldcast plates 120 have registry apertures on the underside for mating with the points of registry and bearing 78. The moldcast plates 120 have sloped abutting sides 137 and accessible flexible-assembly-joints with eased edges 126. A flexible spline 129 along one axis joins the edges of, the moldcast plates 120. The combination of sloped abutting sides 137 and flexible splines 129 allows the removal of one or more modular-accessible-units 92 by means of a hinging action along one side of the modular-accessible-unit 92 without damaging the edges of the modular-accessible-unit 92.
Fig. 104 shows a load-bearing support system 76 over which is disposed a. load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 comprising a lower layer of lay-in and pull-under matrix conductors 121, an upper layer of lay-in matrix conductors 123 disposed crosswise to lower layer 121 and supported on a partial-height support rail 135 disposed along the same axis as the lower layer 121, illustrated points of bearing 77 without registry, and illustrated points of registry and bearing 78. Modular-accessible-units 92 comprising suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plates 120 which are good two sides 134
are disposed over the load-bearing three-dimens ional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75. The moldcast plates 120 have vertical abutting sides 138 and accessible flexible-assembly-joints with bullnose edges 125. The moldcast plates 120 have registry points 101 cast in both faces of the moldcast plates 120 , the registry points 101 mating with the points of registry and bearing 78. On the top face of the moldcast plate 120 , an insert plug 136 is fitted into the registry points 101. The insert plug 136 is removed when the moldcast plate 120 is reversed and is inserted in the registry points 101 of the new face of the moldcast plate 120.
Fig. 105 shows a subgrade 115 over which is disposed a granular substrate layer 116 (or a granular underdrain substrate layer 117 accommodating underdrains 118 . ) A flexible modular positioning layer 103 or a flexible modular positioning layer comprising a vapor barrier 104 is disposed over the substrate layer 116, 117. Over the flexible modular positioning, layer 103, 104 is disposed a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 accommodating matrix conductors 86. Fig. 105 illustrates conductors running along a single axis in contrast to the conductors running on multiple axes as illustrated in Fig. 102-104. Also accommodated are fluid conductors 99 whichtransfer heat or cooling working fluids to the array of moldcast plates 120 so the array of moldcast plates 120 becomes a low Δt radiative surface for radiative heating or cooling of interior occupied spaces over large surface areas. The array of moldcast plates 120 also becomes an absorptive surface of low Δ t heat from electrical and electronic equipment sitting on the array of moldcast plates 120 as well as from excess waste heat derived from production equipment, from diffuse and heat beam solar radiation transmission through vertical , sloping and horizontal transmissive surfaces by the greenhouse phenomenon , from internal radiative vertical wall, ceiling, and furnishings sources,
and from body heat of people occupying the interior spaces, returning this waste heat to the fluid conductors 99.
In Fig. 105, the moldcast plates 120 are good two sides 134 and are disposed over the load-bearing three- dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support- matrix 75. The moldcast plates 120 have registry apertures in both faces to mate with the flexible modular registry layer 139 disposed over the illustrated points of registry and bearing 78. The moldcast plates 120 have vertical abutting sides 138 and accessible flexible-assembly-joints with beveled edges 124. The moldcast plates 120 have short intermittent flexible end insertion splines 128 inserted in the edges along all axes. The flexible end insertion splines 128 are inserted into and removed from the vertical sides 138 of the moldcast plates 120 from within the modular accessible node located at each end of adjacent vertical sides of the moldcast plates 120.
Fig. 106 shows a top plan view of a suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plate 120 without biased corners. Fig. 107 shows a top plan view of a moldcast plate 120 with biased corners to accommodate modular accessible nodes at the adjacent intersecting corners of adjacent tiles. Fig. 107 shows a top plan view of a moldcast plate 120 with a typical arrangement of registry points 101 on the top face. Fig. 108 shows a top plan view of a moldcast plate 120 with biased corners to accommodate modular accessible nodes at the adjacent intersecting comers of adjacent tiles. Also shown is a typical arrangement of registry points 101 on the top face. THE FORTIETH EMBODIMENT OF THIS INVENTION
Referring to the drawings, Fig. 110-113 show top plan views which illustrate several polygonally-shaped suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plates 98 of this invention. The cast paver plates 98 may be any type of polygonal shape. Although the cast paver plates 98 illustrated are approximately 16 inches by 16 inches (406mm by 406mm) and 4 inches (102mm) in thickness, many other sizes
and thicknesses are disclosed and may be suitable for specific applications within the scope of this invention.
Fig. 110 shows a cast paver plate 98 without biased corners. Fig. Ill shows a cast paver plate 98 with biased corners 63 which accommodate modular accessible nodes 90. Fig. 112 shows a cast paver plate 98 without biased corners, which shows a typical arrangement of registry points 101 on the top surface of the plate 98. The registry points 101 may indicate the location of the points of registry and bearing 78 on the underside of the cast paver plate. They may also be cast indentations on a cast paver plate 98 which is good two sides and which are filled with an insert plug, the plug being removed to provide the required registry aperture when the cast paver plate 98 is turned over and the reverse side exposed to view and wear. Fig. 113 shows a cast paver plate 98 with biased corners and a typical arrangement of registry points 101 on the top surface of the plate 98.
The cast paver plates 98 and modular-accessible-pavers 97 of this invention are different than all other existing pavers in that they offer accommodation and accessibility to a matrix of conductors disposed below them and inherently form the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommpdative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 which enables the passage of the accessible matrix conductors 86. Small-sized units, may be laid by hand, and medium-sized and' large-sized units may be laid by means of paver-laying machines, fork lifts, and the like. The modular-accessible-pavers 97 have a width-to-length ratio of 1 to 1 or greater and less than 1 to 2 and a thickness of 1 percent to 50 percent of the greater span.
The assembly bearing pads 100 are loaded in a single simple span mode or single span with cantilevers mode to limit inherently the internal balancing moment tension stress to a range between 5 percent and 30 percent of the cured compressive strength of the cast paver plate 98 and to an amount less than the load-to-span induced internal moment tension stresses when the cast paver plate 98 is arranged in
a selected replicative accessible pattern layout.
The cast paver plates 98 and the moldcast plates 120 have a thickness and a span-to-load ratio sized to limit the internal balancing moment tension stresses to a range between 5 percent and 30 percent of the cured compressive strength of the units and to an amount less than the load-to-span induced external moment tension stress.
Fig. 114-117 show cross-sectional views of suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plates 98. For illustrative purposes, points of registry and bearing 78 are shown differently in each succeeding view. in Fig. 114, the spacing of the bearing points of the cross-type assembly bearing pad with points of registry 141 is wider under the modular-accessible-pavers 97 and closer together under the mating cantilever ends. This gives slightly less flexibility but greater stability against tipping. In Fig. 115, the spacing of the bearing points is equal throughout the assembly. This gives the important advantage of being able to shift the modular-accessible-pavers 97 universally in either axis, but some tipping may occur if they are not laid tightly against adjoining units. In Fig. 116, the spacing of the bearing points is similar to the spacing in Fig. 114, giving the increased stability against tipping. In Fig. 117, where the spacing between the bearing points is similar to Fig. 115, even greater stability against tipping is achieved.
The accessible flexible-assembly-joints 105 between adjoining cast paver plates 98 and moldcast plates 120 may be unfilled butt joints, elastomeric sealant joints, or the dynamic-interactive-fluidtight-flexible-joints of my previous three patents.
Fig. 114 illustrates a load-bearing support system 76 or a granular substrate layer 116 covered by a flexible modular po s itioning l ayer 103 . A load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 comprising cross-type assembly bearing pads with points of registry 141 is disposed over the flexible modular positioning layer 103, providing registry points to mate with
registry points on the underside of the cast paver plate 98. A mo du l ar- ac ce s s ib le -p aver 97 c ompri s ing a polygonally-shaped suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plate 98 good one side 133 is disposed over the cross-type assembly bearing pads with points of registry 141. The cast paver plates 98 have sloped abutting edges 132, and an accessible flexible-assembly-joint 105 joins the cast paver plates 98 one to another.
Fig . 115 illustrates a flexible modular positioning layer 103 is disposed over a granular underdrain substrate layer 117 accommodating underdrains 118 . A load-bearing three-dimens ional- conductor- accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 comprising assembly bearing pads 100 is disposed over the flexible modular positioning layer 103. An optional horizontal-disassociation-cushioning-layer 17 is disposed below each assembly bearing pad 100 . Points of registry and bearing 78 are illustrated. Registry apertures 140 are shown penetrating all the way through the cast paver plates 98 . The modular-accessible-pavers with vertical abutting; sides 131 are good two sides 134 and have accessibleflexible-assembly-joints with eased edges 126.
Fig. 116 illustrates a flexible modular positioning l ayer 103 dispo s ed over an opti onal ho ri z o nt a l -dis association-cushioning-layer 18 , which, in turn, is disposed over a load-bearing support system 76. Disposed over the flexible modular positioning layer 103 is a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 comprising clustered-type plinth assembly bearing pads 142 and illustrating points of registry and bearing 78 . Flexible modular registry layers 139 are disposed over the plinth supports of the plinth assembly be aring pads 142 . The modular-acces sible-pavers 97 comprising polygonally-shaped suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plates 98 is disposed over the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75. The modular-accessible-pavers with vertical abutting sides 131 are good two sides 134, have
accessible flexible-assembly-joints with bullnose edges 125, have registry points 101 on both faces which mate with the flexible modular registry layers 139 disposed over the plinth supports of the plinth slssembly bearing pads 142, insert plugs 136 placed in the registry apertures on the faces of the cast paver plates 98.
Fig. 116 also shows the outline of the bridging pyramid-shaped kern 122 with the principal compressive stress and the materially reduced bending stress in the polygonally- shaped suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plate 98.
Fig. 117 shows a load-bearing support system 76 over which is disposed a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor- accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 comprising a lower layer of lay-in and pull-under matrix conductors 121, an upper layer of lay-in matrix conductors 123 disposed crosswise to the lower layer 121 and supported on a partial-height support rail 135. (not shown in Fig. 117) disposed along the same axis as the lower layer 121, and conductor channels. The modular-accessible-pavers with vertical abutting sides 131 are good two sides 134 and have accessible flexible-assembly-joints with beveled edges 124. The cast paver plates 98 have registry points 101 on both faces which mate with illustrated points of registry and bearing 78.
Fig. 118 shows a top plan view of an array of suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plates 98, illustrating typical biased corners accommodating modular accessible nodes 90 with access covers 48. Indicated by single and double concentric dash lines are the assembly bearing pads 100 supporting the array of cast paver plates 98. Fluid conductors 99 within the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix below the array of cast paver plates 98 are shown by dash lines.
Fig. 119 show a cross-sectional view of the load- bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 and array of cast paver plates 98 of Fig. 118, the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-
accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 disposed over a flexible modular positioning layer 103 which is disposed over an optional horizontal-disassociation-cushicning-layer 18 . The assembly bearing pad 100 has pos itioning pro jecting elements 102 on which the cast paver plates 98 bear . The load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor- accommodative-pas s age- and-support -matrix 75 accommodates the f luid conductors 99 described in detail for Fig . 105 under the Thirty-Ninth Embodiment Of This Invention . The modular-accessible-paver has sloped abutting sides 132 to facilitate the removal of the modular-accessible-paver 97 by lifting up two adjacent modular-accessible-pavers 97 . The joints may have splines joining the adjacent units although Fig . 119 does not illustrate this feature . Fig. 120 illustrates a cross-sectional view of the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 and the array of cast paver plates 98 of Fig. 118 , the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor- accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 disposed over a flexible modular positioning layer 103 which is disposed over an optional horizontal-disassociaticn-cushioning-layer 18 . The cast paver plates 98 are shown bearing on positioning pro j ecting element s 102 o f the assembly bearing pad 100 . A modular accessible node 90 with access cover 48 is accommodated by the biased corners of intersecting adjacent corners of the cast paver plates 98 . Matrix conductor passages 87 intersect below the modular accessible node 90.
Fig. 121 illustrates a top plan view of an array of polygonally-shaped suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plates 98 . In this view the cast paver plates 98 depict square units with biased corners 63 accommodating an array of modular accessible nodes 90 having access covers 48 although any polygonal shape may be used . Fig . 121 illustrates a cast paver plate 98 having a crosswise width span 61 equal to unity, a foreshortened diagonal width span 60 equal to the crosswise width span 61, and a full corner-
to-corner diagonal width span 62. Illustrated by two concentric dash lines are the outline of the assembly bearing pads 100 which support the array of cast paver plates 98 below the modular accessible nodes 90. Conductor channels 119 below the array of cast paver plates 98 are shown by two parallel dashed lines. The accessible flexible-assembly- joints 105 are shown between adjacent cast paver plates 98 and between the cast paver plates 98 and the access covers 48 of the modular accessible nodes 90. Fig. 122 is a top plan view of an assembly bearing pad 100, illustrated as round in this view. It shows matrix conductor passages 87 positioned at right angles to the biased corners 63 and illustrates the points of bearing 77. The accessible flexible-assembly-joints 105 are shown. Insert-type positioning splines 106 are inserted vertically into slots in the top of the matrix conductor passages 87 to assist in the alignment of the cast paver plates 98 at intersecting corners.
Fig. 123 is a top plan view of an assembly bearing pad 100, similar to Fig. 122, except that the matrix conductor passages 87 are positioned to align with the diagonal axes of the modular accessible nodes 90. Illustrative points of registry and bearing 78 and registry points 101 are shown which align the cast paver plates 98 and keep them from moving.
Fig. 124 is a cross-sectional view of a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix 75 comprising the assembly bearing pad 100 of Fig., 122, taken at the point of intersection of four adjacent cast paver plates 98. A matrix conductor passage 87 is shown below the intersection of the adjacent cast paver plates 98, along with vertical insert-type positioning splines 106 for alignment of the intersecting cast paver plates 98. The assembly bearing pad 100 may optionally bear on a horizontal-disassociation-cushioning-layer 18 which provides cushioning and enhanced impact sound isolation. The horizontal-disassociation-cushioning-layer 18 is disposed over a
flexible modular positioning layer 103 which is disposed over a load-bearing support system 76 or a granular substrate layer 116 . The modular-accessible-pavers have vertical abutting sides 131 and accessible flexible-assembly-joints with eased edges 126.
Fig. 125 shows a cross-sectional view of a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-pas sage-and-support-matrix 75 comprising the assembly bearing pad 100 of Fig. 123. It shows the intersecting matrix conductor passages 87, the modular accessible node 90 and access cover 48 accommodated by the biased corners of four intersecting cast paver plates 98 having vertical abutting edges 131. A horizontal-disassociation-cushioning-layer 17 may optionally be disposed over the matrix conductor passages 87 at the bearing po ints below the cast paver pl ate s 98 . The illustrative points of registry and bearing 78 mate with registry points 101 shown in Fig. 123 to keep the cast paver plates 98 in alignment and to keep them from moving . The modular accessible node 90 is created by the space formed by the intersecting of the biased corners of adjacent modular-accessible-pavers 97, eliminating the need for an electrical box. Load-bearing horizontal projecting insert splines 143 support the load-bearing cast concrete access cover 48 . Notches or recesses are cast or cut into the side of the cast paver plates 98 to receive the load-bearing horizontal projecting insert splines 143.
The preferred embodiment of this invention, is the Twenty-Eight Embodiment Of This Invention, depicted in the drawings by Fig. 42-51 , and discloses modular-accessible-units comprising cast plates o f mi cro , mini or maxi thickness, the cast plates reinforced by means of a permanent open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment and disposed over a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix accommodating matrix conductors .
A concrete matrix, as referred to in this disclosure is
generally used in its broadest context to mean all types of cementitious concrete and all types of polymer concrete . The specification and the claims disclose modular-accessible- pavers which are part of the general category of modular- accessible-units . Modular-accessible-units also include the general design and construction of modular-accessible-tiles , modular-access ible-planks , and modular-accessible-matrices . Modular-accessible-units comprising cast plates in an open- faced bottom tension reinforcement containment , suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plates , and polygonally- shaped suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plates are more specifically disclosed.
Al l type s o f modul ar- acce s s ible-units , modular- accessible-matrix-units , and modular acces sible nodes may have carpet bonded as an applied wearing surface .
All types of modular-accessible-units and load-bearing three-dimens ional - conductor- accommodative-passage-and- support-matrices may be disposed over a load-bearing support system or horizontal-base-surface . Typical examples of such load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrices are arrays of load-bearing plinths , load-be aring channe l s , load-bearing modular accessible node boxes , or combinations thereof , the lower layer of lay-in and pull-through matrix conductors, as well as subgrades , granular substrate layers , or. granular underdrain substrate layers .
Every three-dimens ional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix and every load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix may have conductor channels disposed on one or more axes crosswise to one another, with the three-dimensional- conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix and the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor- acαommodative-passage-and-support-matrix. providing separation of power conductors from all types of electronic conductors for increased safety, for electrical code conformance , and for enhanced electromagnetic interference and radio frequency
interference control, the separation accomplished by physical means, such as channels, and the like .
The second and third preferred embodiments cover light duty , medium duty , and heavy duty industrial floors with accessible conductor accommodation management . The Fortieth
Embodiment, which is the second preferred embodiment and is depicted in the drawings by Fig. 110-125, discloses suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plates supported by a load-bearing three-dimensional-conduαtor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix comprising the assembly bearing pads of this invention. The Thirty-Ninth Embodiment, which is the third preferred embodiment and is depicted in the drawings by Fig . 102-109 , discloses suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plates over the load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix of this invention.
The above has been offered for illustrative purposes only, and is not intended to limit the invention of this application, which is as further defined in the claims below. To communicate and clarify the disclosure of this invention, the following terms are utilized for communicative and illustrative purposes on the drawings : H. I . T . Horizontal-individual-tiles
M.A.T. Modular-accessible-tile C-M.A.T. Composite- modular-accessible-tile
R-C-M.A. T. Resilient-composite-modular-accessible-tile
J.B .M. Joint between modular-accessible-tiles
DIEFJ Dynamic-interactive-fluidtight-flexible- joint T-Z-DIFFJ Tens i on Zone - D yn amic - interact ive - fluidtight-flexible-joint G-Z-DXFFJ Compres s ion Zone - Dynamic-interactive- fluidtight-flexible-joint
Claims
1. An array of modular-accessible-units comprising a plurality of suspended structural load-bearing cast plates disposed over a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor- accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix accommodating one or more matrix conductors, comprising, in combination, a loadbearing support system, said load-bearing three-dimensional- conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix accommodating said one or more matrix conductors disposed over said load-bearing support system, said one or more matrix conductors accommodated within said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and- support-matrix and disposed with said load-bearing threedimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-supportmatrix over said load-bearing support system, and said plurality of suspended structural load-bearing cast plates loose laid and disposed over said load-bearing threedimensional- conductor-accommodative-passage-and-supportmatrix and said matrix conductors; each said suspended structural load-bearing cast plate comprising a precisionsized, open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment with turned-up edges and an uncured concrete matrix having bonding characteristics placed in said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment for developing a permanent bond between said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment and said concrete matrix when cured, forming thereby a suspended structural load-bearing monolithic dimensionally stable composite cast plate; said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment providing the self-forming means for said suspended structural load-bearing cast plate, said self-forming means becoming an integral part of said suspended structural load-bearing cast plate by the bonding of said concrete matrix to said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment when said concrete matrix is cured, and providing the reinforcement means for said suspended structural load-bearing cast plate when said modular-accessible-units are loaded in a mode selected from the group consisting of single simple span, single span with cantilevers , mult iple cont inuous sp an , and mult i p l e continuous span with cantilevers , said modular-accessible- units arranged in a selected replicative accessible pattern l ayout and as sembled into s aid array by mean s o f an accessible flexible-assembly-joint, said array held in place flexibly and acces sibly over s aid load-bearing three -dimensional-conductor-accommodative-pas sage-and-support-matrix accommodating said matrix conductors by gravity, friction, and assemblage.
2. An array of modular-accessible-units comprising a plurality of suspended structural load-bearing cast plates disposed over a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix accommodating one or more matrix conductors, comprising, in combination, a loadbearing support system, said load-bearing three-dimensional-c onducto r - ac commo dat ive-p a s s age - and- support-matrix accommodating said one or more matrix conductors disposed over said load-bearing support system, said one or more matrix conductors accommodated within said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor- accommodative-pas s age -and-support-matrix and disposed with said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix over said load-bearing support system, and s aid plurality of suspended structural load-bearing cast plates disposed over said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix and said matrix conductors; each said suspended structural load-bearing cast plate formed by means of casting an uncured concrete matrix selected from the group consisting of cementitious concrete, additive-enhanced cementitious concrete, bond-enhancing , additive-modified cementitious concrete, and polymer concrete into a precision die-stamped, identically replicated, openfaced bottom tension reinforcement containment to obtain a plurality of synergistic multi-functional results comprising a self-forming permanent mold providing bottom tension reinforcement, the containment of said concrete matrix in said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment inherently eliminating the need to clean said mold; a replicated precision uniform size, thickness, and squareness, the precision die stamping of said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment producing greater accuracy than conventional mold casting; a monolithic, dimensionally stable suspended structural load-bearing composite cast plate; said composite cast plate having greater carrying capacity than a cast plate comprising an uncontained cured concrete matrix due to the bottom tension reinforcement provided by said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment; a permanent bond between said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment and said concrete matrix when cured; replicated registry to a mating load-bearing three- dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix by a low-cost factory-manufactured means; and replicated deployment over said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and- support- matrix; said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment providing the reinforcement means for said suspended structural load-bearing cast plate when said modular-accessible-units are loaded in a mode selected from the group consisting of single simple span, single span with cantilevers, multiple continuous span, and, multiple continuous span with, cantilevers; said modular-accessible-units arranged in a selected replicative accessible pattern layout and assembled into said array by means of an accessible flexible-assembly-joint, said array held in place flexibly and accessibly over said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix accommodating said matrix conductors by gravity, friction, and assemblage.
3. An array of modular-accessible-units comprising a plurality of polygonally-shaped suspended structural load- bearing cast plates disposed over a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and- support-matrix accommodat ing one or more matrix conducto r s , comprising, in combination, a load-bearing support system, said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix accommodating said one or more matrix conductors disposed over said load-bearing support system, said one or more matrix conductors accommodated within s aid load-be aring three- dimens i onal-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix and disposed with said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommcdative-passage-and-support-matrix over said load-bearing support system, and said plurality of polygonally-shaped suspended structural load-bearing cast plates disposed over said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix and said matrix conductors ; each said polygonally-shaped suspended structural load-bearing cast plate comprising a polygonally-shaped, precision- sized, identically replicated, structural open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment with turned-up edges and an uncured structural concrete matrix having bonding characteristics p l aced in said structural open- faced bott om tension reinforcement containment for developing a permanent structural bond between said structural open-faced bottom tens ion reinforcement containment and said structural concrete matrix when cured, forming thereby a suspended structural load-bearing monolithic dimensionally stable composite cast plate; said suspended structural load-bearing cast plate formed by means of casting said uncured structural concrete matrix selected from the group consisting of any type of cementitious concrete, additive-enhanced cementitious concrete, bond-enhancing, additive-modified cementitious concrete, and polymer concrete into said structural open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment to obtain a plurality of synergistic multi-functional results comprising a self-forming permanent mold providing structural bottom tension reinforcement, the containment of said structural concrete matrix in said structural open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment inherently eliminating the need to clean said mold; a replicated precision uniform size, thickness, and squareness, the precision manufacturing of said structural open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment producing greater accuracy than conventional mold casting; a monolithic, dimensionally stable suspended structural load-bearing composite cast plate; said composite cast plate having greater carrying capacity than a cast plate comprising an uncontained cured concrete matrix due to the structural bottom tension reinforcement provided by said structural open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment; a permanent structural bond between said structural open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment and said structural concrete matrix when cured; replicated registry to a mating load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodat ive-pas sage-and-support-matrix by a low-cost factory-manufactured means; replicated deployment over said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix; and structural bonding of said structural concrete matrix to said structural open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment to form said monolithic, dimensionally stable suspended structural load-bearing composite cast plate, said structural open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment providing the structural reinforcement means for said suspended structural load-bearing composite cast plate when said modular-accessible-units are loaded in a mode selected from the group consisting of single simple span, single span with cantilevers, multiple continuous span, and multiple continuous span with cantilevers, said modular-accessible-units arranged in a selected replicative accessible pattern layout and assembled into said array by means of an accessible flexible-assembly-joint, said array held in place flexibly and accessibly over said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and- support-matrix accommodating said matrix conduct ors by gravity, friction, and assemblage.
4 . An array of modular-accessible-units comprising a plurality of polygonally-shaped suspended structural load-bearing cast plates having biased corners accommodating a plurality of load-bearing modular accessible nodes disposed within the spaces created by adj acent intersecting biased corners and disposed over a load-bearing three-dimensional-c o nduct o r- ac c ommodat ive - p a s s age - and- support-matrix accommodating one or more matrix conductors , comprising, in combination , a load-bearing support system, said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-pas sage-and-support-matrix accommodating said one or more matrix conductors disposed over said load-bearing support system, said one or more matrix conductors accommodated within said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodativer passage-and-support-matrix and disposed with s aid lo ad-bearing threerdimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix over said load-bearing support system, said plurality of polygonally-shaped suspended structural load-bearing cast plates having said biased corners disposed over s aid lo ad-bearing three-dimens ional - c on du ct o r - accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix and said matrix conductors , and said plurality of load-bearing modular accessible nodes disposed at said adj acent intersecting biased corners of said suspended structural load-bearing cast plates; each said polygonally-shaped suspended structural load-bearing cast plate comprising a polygonally-shaped, precision-sized, identically replicated, open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment with turned-up edges and an uncured concrete matrix having bonding characteristics placed in said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment for developing a permanent bond between said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment and said concrete matrix when cured, forming thereby a suspended structural load-bearing monolithic dimensionally stable composite cast plate; said suspended structural load-bearing cast plate formed by means of casting said uncured concrete matrix selected from the group consisting of any type of cementitious concrete, additive-enhanced cementitious concrete, bond-enhancing, additive-modified cementitious concrete, and polymer concrete into said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment; each said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment forming said cast plate having a shape created to be accommodative and complementary to the shape of said modular accessible nodes in fitting into one or more discretely selected special replicative accessible patterns of said array of modular- accessible-units, a crosswise width span equal to unity or multiples thereof, and a foreshortened diagonal width span ranging from unity to the square root of 2 correspondingly proportionate to said crosswise width span, said foreshortened diagonal width span obtained by means of said biased corners accommodating said modular accessible nodes at said adjacent intersecting biased corners; said foreshortened diagonal width span created to obtain a plurality of Synergistic multi-functional results comprising the accommodation of said modular accessible nodes in the spaces created by said adjacent intersecting biased corners, the support of said modular-accessible-units at external points of bearing, the provision of hand aperture access openings for plugging in and disconnecting equipment cord sets and for serviαing receptacles for multiple utility services in said modular accessible nodes disposed in said spaces created by said adjacent intersecting biased corners of said cast plates, said accommodation of said modular accessible nodes in said array of cast plates allowing access to said matrix conductors without having to make cutouts through said cast plates to accommodate connectivity devices and air supply and return grilles; said structural open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment providing the structural reinforcement means for said suspended structural load-bearing cast plate when said modular-accessible-units are loaded in a mode selected from the group consisting of single simple span, single span with cantilevers, multiple continuous span, and multiple continuous span with cantilevers; said modular-accessible-units arranged in said discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout and assembled into said array by means of an accessible flexible-assembly-joint, said array held in place flexibly and accessibly over said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix accommodating said matrix conductors by gravity, friction, and assemblage.
5. An array of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-units comprising a plurality of suspended structural load-bearing linear modular-accessible-planks disposed over a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix accommodating one or more matrix conductors, comprising, in combination, a load-bearing support system, said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix accommodating said one or more matrix conductors disposed Over said load-bearing support system, said one or more matrix conductors accommodated within said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix and disposed with said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support- matrix over said Load-bearing support system, and said plurality of suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible-planks disposed over said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix and said matrix conductors; each said suspended structural load-bearing linear modular-accessible-plank comprising a linear, precision-sized, identically replicated, structural open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment with turned-up edges and an uncured structural concrete matrix having structural bonding characteristics placed in said structural open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment for developing a permanent structural bond between said structural open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment and said structural concrete matrix when cured, forming thereby a suspended structural load-bearing monolithic dimensionally stable composite linear modular-accessible-plank; said suspended structural load-bearing linear modular-accessible-plank formed by means of casting said uncured structural concrete matrix selected from the group consisting of any type of cementitious concrete, additive-enhanced cementitious concrete, bond-enhancing, additive-modified cementitious concrete, and polymer concrete into said structural open- faced bottom tension reinforcement containment to obtain a plurality of synergistic multi-functional results comprising a replicated self-forming permanent mold providing structural bottom tension reinforcement, the containment of said structural concrete matrix in said structural open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment inherently eliminating the need to clean said mold; a replicated precision uniform size, thickness, and squareness, the use of said replicated self-forming permanent mold producing greater accuracy than conventional mold casting; a permanent structural bond between said structural open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment and said structural, concrete matrix when cured to form said monolithic, dimensionally stable suspended structural load-bearing composite linear modular-accessible-plank; said composite linear modular-accessible-plank having greater carrying capacity than a linear modular-accessible-plank comprising an uncontained cured concrete matrix due to the structural bottom tension reinforcement provided by said structural open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment; replicated registry to a mating load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix by a low-cost factory-manufactured means; replicated deployment over said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix; and structural bonding of said structural concrete matrix to s aid structural open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment to form said monolithic, dimensionally stable suspended structural load-bearing composite linear modular-accessible-plank; said structural open-faced bottom tension rein forcement cont ainment p roviding t he s t ructu r a l reinforcement means for said suspended structural load-bearing composite linear modular-accessible-plank when s aid suspended structural modular-accessible-units are loaded in a mode selected from the group cons isting o f single simple span, single span with cantilevers, multiple continuous span, and multiple continuous span with cantilevers ; said suspended structural modular-accessible-units arranged in a selected replicative accessible pattern layout and assembled into said array by means of an accessible flexible-assembly-joint, said array held in place flexibly and accessibly over said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix accommodating said matrix conductors by gravity, friction, and assemblage and registry.
6. Ari array of modular-accessible-units cόmprising a plurality of polygonally-shaped suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plates disposed over a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-suppo rt-matrix ac commodating one or more matrix conducto rs , comprising, in combination, a load-bearing support system, said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix accommodating said one or more matrix conductors disposed over said load-bearing support system, said one or more matrix conductors accommodated within said load-bearing three-dimensional-conduct or- accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix and disposed with said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix over said load-bearing support system, and said plurality of suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plates loose laid and disposed over said lo ad-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative- passage-and-support-matrix having mating registry points and said matrix conductors; each said modular-accessible-unit manufactured as said suspended structural load-bearing moldαast plate comprising a polygonally-shaped, precision- sized, identically replicated for interchangeability, moldcast unit with integral registry points corresponding to the load-bearing supports of said load-bearing three- dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support- matrix; a unit thickness sized to limit the internal balancing moment tension stresses to a range between 5 percent and 30 percent of the cured compressive strength of said suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plate and to an amount less than the load-to-span induced external moment tension stress; and a span-to-load ratio sized to limit said internal balancing moment tension stresses to a range between 5 percent and 30 percent of said cured compressive strength of said suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plate and to an amount less than the load-to-span induced external moment tension stress; said suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plate disposed over a plurality of said load-bearing supports of said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix, said supports disposed to provide loading in a mode selected from the group consisting of single simple span, single span with cantilevers, multiple continuous span, and multiple continuous span with cantilevers to limit inherently said internal balancing moment tension stress to a range between 5 percent and 30 percent of said cured compressive strength of said suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plate and to an amount less than the load-to-span induced internal moment tension stresses when said suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plate is arranged in the design selected replicative accessible pattern layout; said modular-accessible-units assembled into said array by means of an accessible flexible-assembly-joint, said array held in place flexibly and accessibly over said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix accommodating said matrix conductors by gravity, friction, and registry assemblage.
7. An array of modular-accessible-units comprising a plurality of polygonally-shaped suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plates having biased corners accommodating a plurality of load-bearing modular accessible nodes disposed within the spaces created by adjacent intersecting biased corners and disposed over a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix accommodating said load-bearing modular accessible nodes and one or more matrix conductors, comprising, in combination, a load-bearing support system, said load-bearing three- dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix accommodating said one or more matrix conductors disposed over said load-bearing support system, said one or more matrix conductors accommodated within said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix and said modular accessible nodes and disposed with said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix and said modular accessible nodes over said load-bearing support system, and said plurality of suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plates with said biased corners loose laid and disposed over said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix accommodating said matrix conductors; each said modular-accessible-unit manufactured as said suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plate comprising a polygonally-shaped, precision-sized, identically replicated for interchangeability, moldcast unit having symmetrical biased corners of symmetrical identically-sized length, width, and bias with a shape created to be accommodative and complementary to the shape of said load-bearing modular accessible nodes in fitting into one or more discretely selected special replicative accessible patterns of said array of modular-accessible-units, a crosswise width span equal to unity or multiples thereof, a foreshortened diagonal width span ranging from unity to the square root of 2 (1.4142135) correspondingly proportionate to said crosswise width; span, said foreshortened diagonal width span obtained by means of said biased corners accommodating said load- bearing modular accessible nodes at said adjacent intersecting biased corners, replicated precision sizing with integral registry points corresponding to the load-bearing supports of the edges of said load-bearing modular accessible nodes, a unit thickness sized to limit the internal balancing moment tension stresses to a range between 5 percent and 30 percent of the cured compressive strength of said suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plate and to an amount less than the load-to-span induced external moment tension stress, and a span-to-load ratio sized to limit said internal balancing moment tension stresses to a range between 5 percent and 30 percent of said cured compressive strength of said suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plate and to an amount less than the load-to-span induced external moment tension stress; each said suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plate having said foreshortened diagonal width span created to obtain a plurality of synergistic multi-functional results comprising the accommodation of said load-bearing modular accessible nodes in the spaces created by said adjacent. intersecting biased corners; the structural support of said modular-accessible-units at biased corner points of bearing, which structural support materially reduces said diagonal width span from the square root of 2 (1.4142135) to unity, thereby achieving an increased strength-to-thickness-weight-and-quantity-of-materials ratio; the provision in said load-bearing modular accessible nodes of hand aperture access openings for plugging in and disconnecting equipment cordsets and for servicing receptacles for multiple utility services in said modular accessible nodes disposed in said spaces created by said adjacent intersecting biased corners of said suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plates; the optional subdivision of said modular accessible nodes and modular accessible node boxes into two or more compartments to accommodate more than one type of utility service ; said accommodation of said load-bearing modular accessible nodes in said array of suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plates allowing access to said matrix conductors without having to make cutouts through said suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plates to accommodate connectivity devices and air supply and return grilles; said modular-accessible-units arranged in said discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout and assembled into said array by means of an accessible flexible-assembly-j oint , said array held in place flexibly and access ibly over said lo ad-bearing three-dimens ional-conductor-accommo dat ive-p as s a ge - and- s upp o rt - mat r i x accommodating said matrix conductors by gravity, friction, and registry assemblage.
8 . A modular-accessible-matrix comprising an array of modular-accessible-matrix-units, said modular-accessible- matrix-units comprising a plurality of suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plates disposed over a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative -pas s age-and-support-matrix accommodating one or matrix conductors , comprising, in combination, a load-bearing support system, said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix accommodating said one or more matrix conductors disposed over said load-bearing support system, said one or more matrix conductors accommodated within said load-bearing three-dimens ional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix and disposed with said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix over said load-bearing support system, and said array of modular-accessible-matrix-units disposed over said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix and said matrix conductors; each said modular- accessible-matrix-unit having a width-to-length ratio of 1 to 1 or greater and less than 1 to 60 and a thickness of 1 percent to 10 percent of the shorter span; the location of each said modular-accessible-matrix- unit serving as a potential modular accessible node site and every said modular-accessible-matrix-unit being completely interchangeable with every said modular accessible node at any time, the size of a modular accessible node site being equal to or smaller than the size of said modular-accessible- matrix-unit site, one or more of said modular-accessible- matrix-units completely removed at any time and replaced by an equal number of said modular accessible nodes as determined by an evolutionary unfolding continuum of user needs, said modular accessible node sites being potentially and optionally activated and non-activated sites, said activated and non-activated modular accessible nodes containing selected load-bearing and non-load-bearing modular accessible node boxes and connection sites to accommodate the passage and connection of conductors; said modular- accessible-matrix-units arranged in a discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout and assembled into said array by means of an accessible, flexible-assembly- joint, said array held in place flexibly and accessibly over said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix accommodating said matrix conductors and said modular accessible nodes by gravity, friction, and assemblage.
9. An array of modular-accessible-pavers comprising a plurality of polygonally-shaped suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plates disposed over a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support- matrix accommodating one or more matrix conductors, comprising, in combination, a. load-bearing support system, a flexible modular positioning layer disposed over said, load-bearing support system, said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accoramodative-passage-and-support-matrix comprising a plurality of coplanar spaced-apart assembly bearing pads accommodating said one or more matrix conductors disposed over said flexible modular positioning layer, said one or more matrix conductors accommodated within said load-bearing three -dimensional- conductor- accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix in the intervening area between said spaced-apart as sembly bearing pads and disposed with said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix comprising said assembly bearing pads over said flexible modular positioning layer, and a top layer comprising said plurality o f suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plates disposed over said load-bearing three -dimens ional - conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix comprising said assembly bearing pads and said matrix conduct ors ; each s aid modul ar-accessible-paver manufactured as said suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plate comprising a polygonally-shaped, precision-sized, identically replicated for interchangeability, moldcast unit, a unit thickness sized to limit the internal balancing moment tension stresses to a range between 5 percent and 30 percent o f the cured compress ive strength o f s aid suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plate and to an amount less than the load-to-span induced external moment tension stress, and a span-to-load ratio sized to limit said internal balancing moment tension stresses to a range between 5 percent and 30 percent of said cured compressive strength of said suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plate and to an amount less than the load-to-span induced external moment tension stress; said suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plates disposed over a plurality of said spaced-apart assembly bearing pads of said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix, said assembly bearing pads loaded in a mode selected from the group consisting of single simple span and single span with cantilevers to limit inherently said internal balancing moment tension stress to a range between 5 percent and 30 percent of said cured compressive strength of said suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plate and to an amount less than the load-to-span induced internal moment tension stresses when said suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plate is arranged in a design selected replicative accessible pattern layout ; said modular-accessible-pavers assembled into said array by means of an accessible flexible- a s s embly- j o int , s aid array held in place flexibly and acce s s ibly over s aid l oad-bearing three - dimen s i onal- conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix comprising said suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plates and accommodating said matrix conductors by gravity , friction , and assemblage .
10 . An array of modular-accessible-pavers comprising a plurality of polygonally-shaped suspended structural load- bearing cast paver plates with biased corners disposed over a load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor- accommodat ive -passage-and-support-matrix accommodating one or more matrix conductors , comprising, in combinati on , a l o ad-be aring support system, a flexible modular positioning layer disposed over said load-bearing support system, said load-bearing three-dimens ional- conduct or-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix comprising a plurality of coplanar spaced-apart assembly bearing pads accommodating a plurality o f modular acces s ible node s and s aid load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and- supp o rt-matrix additionally accommodating said one or more matrix conductors disposed over said flexible modular positioning layer, said one or more matrix conductors accommodated within- said load-bearing three-dimensional-conduαtor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix in the intervening area between said spaced-apart assembly bearing pads and disposed with said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix comprising said assembly bearing pads over said flexible modular positioning layer, and a top layer comprising said plurality o f coplanar suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plates with said biased corners disposed over said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix comprising said assembly bearing pads and said matrix conductors ; each said modular-accessible-paver mauiufactured as said suspended structural l oad-bearing cast paver plate compris ing a polygonally-shaped, precision-sized, identically replicated for interchangeability , moldcast unit having symmetrical biased corners of symmetrical identically- sized length, width, and bias with a shape created to be accommodative and complementary to the shape o f said load-bearing modular accessible nodes in fitting into one or more discretely selected special replicative acces sible patterns of said array of modular-accessible-pavers; a crosswise width span equal to unity or multiples thereof; a foreshortened diagonal width span ranging from unity to the square root of 2
(1. 4142135) correspondingly proportionate to said crosswise width span, said foreshortened diagonal width span obtained by means of said biased corners accommodating said load-bearing modular accessible nodes at the adjacent intersecting biased corners of said modular-accessible-pavers; a unit thickness sized to limit the internal balancing moment tension stresses to a range between 5 percent and 30 percent o f the cured compres sive strength o f s aid suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plate and to an amount less than the load-to-span induced external moment tension stress; and a span-to-load ratio sized to limit said internal balancing moment tension stresses to a range between 5 percent and. 30 percent of said cured compressive strength of said suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plate and to an amount less than the load-to-span induced external moment tension stress; said suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plates disposed over a plurality of said spaced-apart assembly bearing pads of said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix, said assembly bearing pads loaded in a mode selected from the group consisting of single simple span and single span with cantilevers to limit inherently said internal balancing moment tension stress to a range between 5 percent and 30 percent of said cured compressive strength of said suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plate and to an amount less than the load-to- span induced internal moment tension stresses when said suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plate is arranged in a. design selected replicative accessible pattern layout; each said suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plate having said foreshortened diagonal width span created to obtain a plurality of synergistic multi-functional results comprising the accommodation of said load-bearing modular accessible nodes in the spaces created by said adjacent intersecting biased corners; the structural support of said modular-accessible- pavers at biased corner points of bearing, which structural support materially reduces said diagonal width span from the square root of 2 (1.4142135) to unity, thereby achieving an increased strength-to-thickness-weight-and-quantity-of- materials ratio; the provision in said load-bearing modular accessible nodes of hand aperture access openings for plugging in and disconnecting equipment cordsets and for servicing receptacles for multiple utility services in said modular accessible nodes disposed in said spaces created by said adjacent intersecting biased corners of said suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plates; the optional subdivision of said modular accessible nodes into two or more compartments to accommodate more than one type of utility service; said accommodation of said load-bearing modular accessible nodes in said array of suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plates allowing access to said matrix conductors without having to make cutouts through said suspended structural load-bearing cast paver plates to accommodate connectivity devices and air supply and return grilles; said modular-accessible-pavers arranged in said discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout and assembled into said array by means of an accessible flexible-assembly-joint, said array held in place flexibly and accessibly over said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix accommodating said matrix conductors by gravity, friction, and assemblage.
11. The array of claim 3 in which said concrete matrix is selected from the group consisting of any type of cement itious concrete , additive-enhanced cementitious concrete, bond-enhancing, additive-modified cementitious concrete, and polymer concrete.
12. The array o f claim 11 in which one or more additives in said additive-enhanced cementitious concrete are selected from the group consisting of any type of silica fume, latex, acrylic, latex-acrylic, polyester, and epoxy.
13. The concrete matrix of claim 11 in which said cementitious concrete, said additive-enhanced cementitious concrete , and said bond-enhancing, additive -modi fied cementitious concrete contains any type and any grade of cement selected from the group consisting of pozzolan cement, Portland cement, portland-pozzolan cement, and integrally colored cement.
14. The array of claim 11 in which said concrete matrix contains one or more aggregates selected from the group consisting of any type of river sand, silica sand, gravel, slag, pumice, perlite, vermiculite, expanded shale, crushed stone, marble chips, marble dust, metallic filings, calcium carbonate, ceramic microspheres, plastic microspheres, metallic microspheres, metallic oxides, organic oxides, inorganic oxides, organic and inorganic colorings, and extenders.
15. The array of claim 11 in which said concrete matrix comprises cementitious concrete selected from the group consisting of normalweight concrete, lightweight concrete, insulating concrete, and foam concrete.
16. The array of claim 3 in which said uncured concrete matrix of said cast plate is reinforced by a reinforcement means selected from the group consisting of any type of hardware cloth, welded wire fabric, woven wire cloth, metallic reinforcing mesh, steel reinforcing bars , deformed steel reinforcing bars , plastic reinforcing bars , deformed plast ic reinforcing bars , steel fibers , plastic fibers , polymer reinforcing mesh , gl a s s f ib e r s , f ib e rg l a s s reinforcing mesh, organic plant fibers , and inorganic fibers .
17. The array of claim 3 or 4 in which said uncured concrete matrix is reinforced by reinforcement means placed within said concrete matrix be l ow the t op sur f ace and supported by means of resting on legs adhered, welded, fused to said reinforcement or reinforcement supported on chairs or other supports attached to the bottom of said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment, said reinforcement means selected from the group consisting o f two or more uniaxial coplanar reinforcing bars , two or more uniaxial deformed reinforcing bars , two biaxial coplanar layers o f reinforcing bars , the first layer placed in one direction, and the second layer placed on top of and crosswise to said first layer and welded, fused, adhered or tied to said first layer, a two-way lay-in grid of woven wire cloth, a two-way lay-in grid of expanded material, a two-way lay-in grid of perforated material, a two-way lay-in grid of hardware cloth, a two-way lay- in grid of wire mesh, a two-way lay-in grid of lathing, and a two-way lay-in grid of reinforcing fabric, said reinforcement means increasing the ability of said suspended structural load-bearing cast pl at e to handle cantilevers and multiple continuous spans .
18. The array of claim 3 or 4 in which said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment comprises a precision-sized unit providing structural reinforcement and containment and is fabricated from one or more materials selected from the group consisting of any type of conductive and non-conductive metal, conductive and non-conductive plastic, conductive and non-conductive polymer concrete, conductive and non-conductive fiber-reinforced cementitious board, conductive and non-conductive multi-layer scrim impregnated with cement, conductive and non-conductive multi-layer scrim impregnated with resin, and hardboard.
19. The array of claim 3 or 4 in which said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment is fabricated to a profile selected from the group consisting of generally flat rectangular; generally inverted-hat-shaped, providing increased weight reduction while retaining strength and stiffness at points of maximum moment, permanent mechanical bonding of said concrete matrix to said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment, and increased conductor passage in the perimeter edge zone of said cast plate; generally inverted-hat-shaped with a deformed bottom; and generally flat rectangular with a deformed bottom, providing increased weight reduction, increased stiffness, and enhanced permanent mechanical bonding of said concrete matrix to said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment, said deformed bottom having a pattern selected from the group consisting of star pattern, grid pattern, dimple pattern, and perforated pattern.
20. The array of claim 3 or 4 in which said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment has a cross-sectional shape configured to fit three different structural zones, said cross-sectional shape selected from the group consisting of generally flat rectangular; generally elongated inverted-hat-shape; generally elongated inverted-hat-shape with a perimeter edge zone, the bottom of said perimeter edge zone being on a higher plane than the center zone of greatest internal moment and thicker depth; generally elongated inverted-hat-shape with a perimeter edge zone, the bottom of said perimeter edge zone being coplanar with the center zone of greatest internal moment and thicker depth; generally elongated inverted-hat-shape with a perimeter edge zone and upwardly angled intermediate zone of intermediate internal moment and shear, the bottom of said perimeter edge zone being coplanar with the center zone of greatest internal moment and thicker depth; generally elongated inverted-hat- shape with a perimeter edge zone and sloped intermediate zone of intermediate internal moment and shear, the bottom of said perimeter edge zone being coplanar with the center zone of greatest internal moment and shear; and generally elongated inverted-hat-shape with a perimeter edge zone and upwardly curved intermediate zone of intermediate internal moment and shear, the bottom of said perimeter edge zone being coplanar with the center zone of greatest internal moment and shear; said perimeter edge zone providing greater shear strength to said suspended structural load-bearing cast plates.
21. The array of claim 18 in which said conductive materials are discretely selected and assembled to provide modular-accessible-units conforming to National Fire Protection Association Standard 99 so that said conductive wearing surface materials when combined with said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment and the reinforcement in said reinforced cementitious concrete and reinforced polymer concrete materials provide electromagnetic interference, radio frequency interference, electrostatic discharge, electromagnetic interference drainoff grounding means, radio frequency interference drainoff grounding means, and electrostatic discharge drainoff grounding means.
22. The array of claim 3 or 4 in which said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment is replicatively precision forme to profiles selected from the group consisting of an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment comprising a bottom and three or more integral sides; an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment comprising a bottom and three or more integral sides with inward-extended flanges; an open- faced bottom tension reinforcement containment comprising a bottom, and three or more integral sides with outward-extended fl anges ; an open- faced bottom tens ion reinf orc ement containment comprising a bottom and three or more integral sides with inward-extended flanges horizontally engaged in separate perimeter edge containment inserts with a cushion¬edge shape ; an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment created by affixing a channel to each of the sides of a flat sheet, the bottom surface of the bottom flange of said channel affixed to the top surface of s aid flat sheet ; an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment created by affixing a channel to each of the sides of a flat sheet, the top surface of the bottom flange of said channel affixed to the bottom surface of said flat sheet; an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment created by affixing a channel to each of the sides of a flat sheet, the top surface of the bottom flange of said channel affixed to the bottom surface of an offset in the side of said flat sheet to form a flat coplanar bottom surface for said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment; an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment created by affixing a channel to the top surface of each of the sides o f a flat sheet , the bottom flange o f s aid ch anne l horizontally engaged in a separate perimeter edge containment insert with a cushion-edge shape; an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment created by affixing an angle to each of the sides of a flat sheet , the bottom surface of the horizontal leg of said angle affixed to the top surface of said flat sheet; an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment created by affixing an angle to each of the sides of a flat sheet, the top surface of the horizontal leg of said angle affixed to the bottom surface of said flat sheet; an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment created by affixing an angle to each of the sides of a flat sheet, the top surface of the horizontal leg of said angle affixed to the bottom surface of an offset in the s ide of said flat sheet to form a flat coplanar bottom surface for said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment ; an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment created by affixing an angle to each of the sides of a flat sheet, the vertical leg of said angle vertically engaged in separate perimeter edge containment inserts with a cushion-edge shape; an open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment created by affixing a separate perimeter edge containment with a cushion-edge shape to each of the sides of a flat sheet, said perimeter edge containment becoming an integral laminated edge when said uncured concrete matrix is cured; said affixed edges selected from the group consisting of mechanically affixed, mechanically fastened, adhesively affixed, thermoplastically adhered, thermoplastically fused, thermoplastically welded, metallically welded, ultrasonically welded, engagement affixed, containment engagement affixed, interlocking engagement affixed, and interlocking engagement containment affixed, said sides selected from the group consisting of generally vertical, sloping inward, and sloping outward, said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment formed to have inherently tightly closed corners or said corners are caulked with elastomeric sealant or tape to provide containment of the ingredients.
23. The array of claim 22 in which said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment is precision sized by means selected from the group consisting of die stamping, rollforming, precision cutting and forming, vacuum. forming, and injection molding.
24. The array of claim 3 or 4 in which said separate perimeter edge containment inserts are selected from the group consisting of any type of vinyl, rubber, metal, wood, plastic, laminated high-pressure laminates, laminated melamine, and stone.
25. The array of claim 1 or 2 in which said cast plate comprises a structural open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment forming an integral containment form for the ingredients of said concrete matrix which harden to structurally bond to said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment and to form an integrally bonded load-bearing compression plate with a top wearing surface with limited ability to carry cantilevers.
26. The array of claim 3 or 4 in which said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment comprises a metallic material, said turned-up edges selected from the group consisting of an edge integrally formed with said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment and having an inward-extending horizontal flange, the top surface of said concrete matrix being flush with the top surface of said flange; an edge integrally formed with said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment and having a flange extending horizontally or vertically into a slot prepared in a perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip with a cushion-edge shape at approximately one-half the height of said concrete matrix, said perimeter linear protective edge reinforcement strip made of one or more rigid, semi-flexible or flexible materials selected from the group consisting of plastic, rubber, vinyl, elastomeric, wood, and metal; an inward-facing metal angle affixed to a flat sheet forming said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment, the top surface of said concrete matrix being flush with the topsurface of the generally vertical leg of said angle, said metal angle affixed to said flat sheet by means selected from the group consisting of the bottom surface of the horizontal leg of said angle being affixed to the top surface of said flat sheet, the top surface of said horizontal leg of said angle being affixed to the bottom surface of said flat sheet, and said top surface of said horizontal leg of said angle being affixed to the bottom surface of an offset in the side of said flat sheet to form a flat coplanar bottom surface for said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment; an inward-facing metal channel affixed to the top surface of a flat sheet forming said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment, the top surface of said concrete matrix being flush with the top surface of said channel, said metal channel being affixed to said flat sheet by means selected from the group consisting of the bottom surface of the bottom flange of said channel being affixed to the top surface of said flat sheet, the top surface of said bottom flange of said channel being affixed to the bottom surface of said flat sheet, said top surface of said bottom flange of said channel being affixed to the bottom surface of an offset in the side of said flat sheet to form a flat coplanar bottom surface for said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment, and said bottom flange of said channel horizontally engaged in a separate perimeter edge containment insert with a cushion-edge shape.
27. The array of claim 3 or 4 in which said open- faced bottom tension reinforcement containment is reinforced to enhance bond and composite interaction by means selected from the group consisting of two or more uniaxial coplanar reinforcing bars welded, fused or adhered to the bottom of said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment; two or more uniaxial deformed reinforcing bars welded, fused or adhered to the bottom of said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment ; two biaxial coplanar layers of reinforcing bars , the first said layer placed in one direction and welded, fused or adhered to said bottom of said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment, the second said layer placed on top of and crosswise to said first layer and welded, fused or adhered to said first layer; a two-way lay-in grid of woven wire cloth deformed to be periodically spot welded, fused or adhered to said open-faced bott om tens ion reinforcement containment and spaced fractionally above said bottom of said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment to enhance bond; a two-way lay-in grid of expanded material deformed to be periodically spot welded, fused or adhered to said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment and spaced fractionally above s aid bottom o f s aid open- faced bottom tens ion reinforcement containment to enhance bond; a two-way lay-in grid of perforated material deformed to be periodically spot welded, fused or adhered to said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment and spaced fractionally above said bottom of said open-faced bottom tens ion reinf orcement containment to enhance bond; a two-way lay-in grid of hardware cloth deformed to be periodically spot welded, fused or adhered to said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment and spaced fractionally above said bottom of said open-faced bottom tens ion reinforcement containment to enhance bond; a two-way lay-in grid of wire mesh deformed to be periodically spot welded, fused or adhered to said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment and spaced fractionally above said bottom of said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment to enhance bond; a two-way lay-in grid of lathing supported above said bottom of said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment ; a two-way lay-in grid of reinforcing fabric resting on upwardly disposed pro jections on said bottom of said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment; a plurality of upwardly disposed perforations in said bottom of said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment for maximizing bond; a plurality of inwardly disposed perforations in the sides of . said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment for maximizing bond; and a plurality o f upwardly di spo sed pe rfo rati ons in s a id b ott om and inwardly dispo s ed perforations in said sides of said open-faced bottom tension re in fo rc ement c o nt a inment for maximiz ing bond, the reinforcement means for said cast plates comprising one or more materials of any type selected from the group consisting of metal, plastic and glass , an outer casting containment layer of paper or plastic being applied to the exterior of said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment with said perforations .
28. The array of claim 1 in which said cast plate has an integral wearing surface produced by means of open-faced casting in said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment, said cast plate and said integral wearing surface selected from the group consisting of a cast plate of cementitious concrete having an integral wearing surface; a terrazzo cast plate of cementitious concrete having selected aggregates and an integral wearing surface, said terrazzo cast plate precision ground for flatness of said integral wearing surface, precision gauged to thickness, and precision fine ground and polished for appearance grade and functional wearing surface; a cast plate of polymer concrete having an integral wearing surface; and a terrazzo cast plate of polymer concrete having selected aggregates and an integral wearing surface, said terrazzo cast plate precision ground for flatness of said integral wearing surface, precision gauged to thickness, and precision fine ground and polished for appearance grade and functional wearing surface.
29. The array of claim 28 in which said cementitious concrete is selected from the group consisting of additive enhanced and bond enhancing and additive modified.
30. The array of claim 28 in which said integral wearing surface is embossed by means selected from the group consisting of roll-in pressure, press-in pressure, embossed pattern hand press-in pressure, and roll-in and press-in pressure, said embossed integral wearing surface providing improved slip resistance, crack resistance, and appearance.
31. The array of claim 28 in which said integral wearing surface is embossed by pressure means selected from the group consisting of mechanical press pressure, air press pressure, and hydraulic press pressure.
32. The array of claim 3 or 4 in which said cast plates are compressed and compacted to increase their load- carrying capability by means selected from the group consisting of gravity hand pressure, roller pressure, hydraulic pressure, mechanical pressure, and compressed air pressure.
33. The array of claim 3 or 4 in which said concrete matrix is densified by means selected from the group consisting of continuous vibration, continuous shocking, intermittent periodic vibration, intermittent periodic shocking, a combination of intermittent periodic vibration and intermittent periodic shocking, and a combination of intermittent periodic shocking and intermittent periodic vibration.
34. The array of claim 3 or 4 in which said cast plate has an applied wearing surface applied integrally just after casting into the top surface of said uncured concrete matrix placed in said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment, said applied wearing surface comprising one or more tiles selected from the group consisting of ceramic tiles, quarry tiles, cementitious concrete tiles, polymer concrete tiles, stone tiles, brick tiles, marble tiles, granite tiles, treated hardwood tiles, and treated softwood tiles, the treatment of said hardwood and softwood tiles selected from the group consisting of applied finishes, preservative impregnation, monomer impregnation followed by polymerization by means of the introduction of a catalyst, monomer impregnation followed by polymerization by means of irradiation, and vacuum monomer impregnation followed by polymerization by means of vacuum irradiation.
35. The array of claim 34 in which a bonding agent is rolled, poured or sprayed on surfaces selected from the group consisting of the under side of said applied wearing surface, the top surface of said uncured concrete matrix, and the under side of said applied wearing surface and the top surface of said uncured concrete matrix.
36. The array of claim 3 or 4 in which said cast plate has an applied wearing surface adhered to the top surface of said concrete matrix placed in said open-faced bottom tension reinforcement containment after full curing has taken place, said applied wearing surface comprising one or more wearing surface units selected from the group consisting of any type of rubber, vinyl, linoleum, cork, leather, high-pressure laminate, composition, ceramic tile, quarry tile, brick, paver, stone, hardwood, softwood, metal, and carpet.
37. The array of claim 3 or 4 in which said cast plate has a coating wearing surface applied to the cured top surface of said concrete matrix, said coating wearing surface selected from the group consisting of urethane, polyester, vinyl, vinylester, acrylic, melamine, epoxy, and fur an.
38. The array of claim 28 in which said selected aggregates in said integral wearing surface of said terrazzo cast plates are selected from the group consisting of any type of washed and graded aggregate, natural stone chips, and manmade stone chips.
39. The array of claim 3 or 4 in which said load-bearing support system is selected from the group consisting of grade-level base floor systems, grade-level suspended floor systems, grade-level suspended structural floor systems, below-grade-level base floor systems, below-grade-level suspended floor systems, below-grade-level suspended structural floor systems, flat structural base surfaces, structural three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrices forming a part of a time /temperature fire-rated floor/ceiling assembly when combined with beams and girders and accommodating one or more layers of said matrix conductors in one or more directions, above-grade-level suspended structural flo o r systems , concrete flat one-way slabs, concrete ribbed one-way slabs, concrete corrugated one-way slabs , concrete joists with int egrally cast concrete slab , ccncrete two-way j oists forming waffle flat slabs with integrally cast concrete slab, concrete one-way flat slab with fireproofed steel beams and girders, concrete two-way flat slabs , concrete two-way flat slabs with drop panels , concrete two-way flat s labs with fireproofed steel beams and girders , precast single and multiple cellular shapes selected from the group consisting of tees, multiple tees with linear open tops, I' s, W' s , Mr s , rotated C' s with linear open tops , and rotated E' s with linear open tops; precast hollow-core slabs , precast cellular slabs , precast ribbed slabs, precast flat slabs , precast flat slab panels with reinforced metal edges, precast concrete joists and cast-in-place flat slabs, precast concrete joists and precast flat slabs, precast concrete joists and precast flat slab panels with reinf orced met al edges , precast concrete beams and cast-in-place flat slabs, precast concrete beams and precast flat slabs, and precast concrete beams and precast flat slab panels with reinforced metal edges .
40 . The array of modular-accessible-units of claim 3 or 4 in which said matrix conductors accommodated by said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix comprise one or more power , electronic, fiber optic, fluid, power superconductivity, power semiconductivity, electronic superconductivity, and electronic semiconductivity conductors manuf actured, configured, and combined as generic types o f conductors selected from the group consisting of flat conductor cable, ribbon conductor cable , round conductor cable, multi-conductor cable, oblong multi- conductor cable , ova l conductors , round multiple conductors, composite conductor cable, jacketed conductor cable, electromagnetic interference jacketed conductor cable, radio frequency interference jacketed conductor cable, coaxial cable, twisted pair cable, fiber optic cable, control monitoring cable, drain-off grounding conductors, and fluid conductors, said fluid conductors serving plumbing piping systems, plumbing fixture systems, fluid systems, working fluid systems, refrigerant systems, exhaust systems, hydraulic systems, compressed air systems, vacuum systems, life safety systems, sprinkler systems, fire suppression systems, and standpipe systems, low Δ t hot and cold supply and return systems, hot and chilled water supply and return systems, and steam supply and return systems.
41. The array of claim 4 in which the potential modular accessible node sites within the spaces created by said adjacent intersecting biased corners of said modular- accessible-units accommodate said modular accessible nodes in a modular pattern based on multiples of 1 to 9, said modular accessible nodes disposed multiaxially in every one, two, three, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9 potential modular accessible node sites.
42. The array of claim 4 in which the location of modular accessible node sites at the biased corners of said mo du l a r- ac ce s s ib l e -un it s i n s ai d arr ay is vi s ibly distinguished by one or more means selected from the group consisting of a different shape, pattern, color, material, texture, and 45 degree rotation, said distinguished modular accessible node sites comprising potential modular accessible node sites, activated node sites , and non-activated node sites .
43. The array of claim 4 in which said external points of bearing are selected from the group consisting of three or more perimeter sides of said cast plate, three or more intersecting biased corners of said cast plate, and a combination of said perimeter sides and said intersecting biased corners comprising said three or more external points of bearing.
44. The array o f c l a im 3 o r 4 in which s aid accessible flexible-assembly-joint comprises an elastomeric sealant .
45. The array of modular-accessible-units of claim 3 or 4 in which said cast plates comprise one or more types selected from the group consisting of modular-accessible-tiles, modular-accessible-planks, modular-accessible-pavers, and modular-accessible-matrix-units.
46. The array of claim 4 in which the foreshortening of said foreshortened diagonal width span results from the biased corners forming a biequilateral or elongated octagon with a proportionate reduction of the internal moment, external moment, deflection, internal stress, and shear generally by a factor approaching unity when said biased corner is small and between an amount approaching or equal to unity divided by the square root of 2 when said biased corner is large, said reduction providing a cast plate of lighter weight and greater cost effectiveness, said cast plate having its greatest thickness determined by the maximum moment occurring within the center zone of greatest internal moment and thicker depth portion of the resulting crosswise width span, said cast plate having its least thickness to reduce weight determined by the lower intermediate internal moment and lower intermediate shear at the intermediate zone surrounding said center zone of greatest internal moment and thicker depth of said resulting crosswise width span, said cast plate having the thickness of its perimeter edge zone increased an amount sufficient to carry said shear which is greatest at said external points of bearing, said foreshortened diagonal width span being an amount equal to unity, greater than unity or less than the square root of 2, said crosswise width span being equal to unity, the full corner-to-corner diagonal width span shortened to said foreshortened diagonal width span to accommodate said modular accessible nodes in said spaces created by said adjacent intersecting biased corners, and said balanced diagonal width span extending from one said biased corner diagonally to another said biased corner.
47. The array of claim 4 in which said cast plate is an equilateral octagon having a simple single span with a balanced diagonal width span without cantilevers, the foreshortening of said foreshortened diagonal width span resulting in the proportionate reduction of the internal moment, external moment, deflection, internal stress, and shear generally by a factor approaching or equal to unity divided by the square root of 2, said reduction providing a cast plate of lighter weight and greater cost effectiveness, said cast plate having its greatest thickness determined by the maximum moment occurring within the center zone of greatest internal, moment and thicker depth portion of the resulting crosswise width span, said cast plate having its least thickness to reduce weight determined by the lower intermediate internal moment and lower intermediate shear at the intermediate zone surrounding said center zone of greatest internal moment and thicker depth. of said resulting crosswise width span, said cast plate having the. thickness of its perimeter edge zone increased an amount sufficient to carry said shear which is greatest at said external, points of bearing, said foreshortened diagonal width span being an amount equal to unity arid equal to said crosswise width span, said crosswise width span being equal to unity and equal to said foreshortened diagonal width span, the full corner-to- corner diagonal width span shortened to said foreshortened diagonal width span to accomraodate said modular accessible nodes in said spaces created by said adjacent intersecting biased corners, and said balanced diagonal width span extending from one said biased corner diagonally to another said biased corner.
48. The array of claim 1 in which said modular-accessible-tiles have a width-to-length ratio of 1 to 1 or greater and less than 1 to 2 and a thickness of 1 percent to 20 percent of the greater span.
49. The array o f claim 5 in which s aid l inear modular-accessible-plank has a width-to-length ratio of 1 to 1 or greater and less than 2 to 60 and has a thickness of 1 percent to 20 percent of its width, the removal of one or more said linear modular-accessible-planks providing maximum accessibility to long runs of said matrix conductors .
50. An ac ce s s ibl e evo lut i ona ry p o ke - thro ugh integrated floor/ceiling conductor management system enabled by means of a plurality of modular-accessible-units with symmetrically biased corners shaped into a di scretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout for arrangement into special array patterns accommodating a plurality of modular accessible node sites generally equal in number to the number of said modular-accessible-units, said pattern layout enabling each said modular accessible node site to be used for one or more multiple-function modes selected from the group consisting of modular accessible poke-through nodes, modular accessible nodes, modular accessible passage nodes, modular accessible device nodes, modular accessible sensor nodes, modular accessible connection nodes, modular acces sible juncture nodes , modular accessible inactive nodes, and modular accessible active nodes , said accessible evolutionary poke-through integrated floor/ceiling conductor management system replacing conventional accessible computer floor panels supported on common intersecting-corner columns and having an inherent diagonal width span equal to the square root of 2 times the crosswise width span of each s aid access ible computer floor panel , s aid modular- accessible-units with said symmetrically biased corners of this invention supported on a load-bearing three-dimensional-conducto r- accommodative- p a s s age- and-support-matrix accommodating one or more matrix conductors disposed over a load-bearing support system, said load-bearing three- dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support- matrix accommodating said modular accessible nodes in the spaces created at adjacent intersecting biased corners, the crosswise width span of each said modular-accessible-unit being proportionately equal to unity, and the foreshortened diagonal width span of each said modular-accessible-unit with said symmetrically biased corners providing the enabling means to accommodate said modular accessible node sites, said foreshortened diagonal width span being an amount correspondingly proportionately equal to unity, greater than unity or less than the square root of 2, said one or more matrix conductors connected to other said matrix conductors or equipment cordsets from equipment disposed above said array of modular-accessible-units and modular accessible nodes, each said modular accessible node having a flush' access cover with one or more cutouts, breakouts or drillouts to accommodate the passage of said matrix conductors and equipment cordsets, the top surfaces of said modular-accessible-units and said flush access covers for said modular accessible nodes being in a coplanar relationship, said modular-accessible-units arranged in said discretely selected special replicative accessible pattern layout and assembled into said array by means of an accessible flexible-assembly-joint, said array held in place flexibly and accessibly over said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix accommodating said matrix conductors by gravity, friction, and assemblage.
51. The accessible evolutionary poke-through integrated floor/ceiling conductor management system of claim 50 in which said modular-accessible-units comprise low-profile suspended structural load-bearing modular-accessible- units.
52. The accessible evolutionary poke-through integrated floor/ceiling conductor management system of claim 50 in which one or more time/temperature fire-rated poke-through devices are precision located and modularly disposed at potential modular accessible poke-through node sites.
53. The accessible evolutionary poke-through integrated floor/ceiling conductor management system of claim 50 in which a plurality of ceiling modular accessible poke-through nodes are disposed on the ceiling portion of an integrated floor/ceiling assembly, said ceiling modular accessible poke-through nodes selected from the group consisting of ceiling modular accessible poke-through nodes each communicating to and terminating to an outlet box for communicating with a single exposed-to-view fixture accommodating power, lighting, speakers, sensors, and detection conductors, said outlet box concealed by trim and said single fixture; ceiling modular accessible poke-through nodes each communicating to and terminating to an exposed-to-view uniaxial, biaxial or triaxial single cell or multicell raceway channel matrix having terminations concealed by the trim of said channel matrix; and ceiling modular accessible poke-through nodes each communicating to and terminating to an exposed-to-view uniaxial, biaxial, triaxial integrated fluorescent channel fixture having a combination conductor passage channel and fixture channel matrix accommodating power, lighting, speakers, sensors, and detection conductors.
54. The accessible evolutionary poke-through integrated floor/ceiling conductor management system of claim 50 in which two or more preassembled conductor assemblies are connected together within one or more modular accessible node boxes, channel connectivity nodes, and said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix.
55. The accessible evolutionary poke-through integrated floor/ceiling conductor management system of claim 50 in which one or more preassembled conductor assemblies and one or more equipment cordsets are connected together within one or more modular accessible node boxes, channel connectivity nodes, and said load-bearing three-dimensional- conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix.
56. The modular-accessible-units of claim 6 or 7 in which said suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plates are reinforced by one or more reinforcement means selected from the group consisting of fiber reinforcement, fiber reinforcement and top reinforcement, fiber reinforcement and bottom reinforcement, and fiber reinforcement and top and bottom reinforcement.
57. The modular-accessible-units of claim 6 or 7 in which said suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plates are reinforced by one or more reinforcement means selected from the group consisting of bottom reinforcement, top reinforcement, and top and bottom reinforcement.
58. The modular-accessible-units of claim 6 or 7 in which said suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plates are reinforced by one or more reinforcement means selected from the group consisting of bottom reinforcement, top reinforcement, top and bottom reinforcement, fiber reinforcement, fiber reinforcement and top reinforcement, fiber reinforcement and bottom reinforcement, and fiber reinforcement and top and bottom reinforcement.
59. The modular-accessible-units of claim 6 or 7 in which each said suspended structural load-bearing moldcast plate accommodates registry by one or more means selected from the group consisting of precision casting of said one or more registry points on the underside of said cast plate for mating to supports in said load-bearing three-dimensional- conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix, said cast plate having a wearing surface face good one side; precision casting of said one or more registry points on both faces of said cast plate for mating to supports in said load-bearing three- dimens ional- conductor- accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix, said cast plate being reversible and having wearing surface faces good two sides; precision casting of said one or more registry points all the way through s aid cast plate for mating to said supports in said load-bearing three- dimens ional- conductor- accommodative-passage- and-support-matrix, providing thereby a cast plate which has wearing surface faces good two sides; precision drilling of said one or more registry points on the unders ide of said cast plate for mating to said supports in said load-bearing three- dimens ional - conductor- accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix, said cast plate having a wearing surface face good one s ide ; precision drilling o f said one or more registry points on both faces of said cast plate for mating to said supports in said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix, said cast plate being reversible and having wearing surface faces good two sides ; precision drilling of said one or more registry points all the way through said cast plate for mating to said supports in said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix, providing thereby said cast plate having wearing surface faces good two sides; and precision positioning of one or more applied registry points on the underside of said cast plate , said applied registry points removable for use of said underside as the face of said cast plate when said cast plate is turned over and said faces are reversed, said cast plate having wearing surface faces good two sides .
60 . The modular-accessible-units of claim 6 or 7 in which the p o ints o f bearing for each said modular-accessible-unit are disposed on said load-bearing support system below the diagonal axes of said modular-accessible- unit at the approximate points o f unity or greater where unity equals the crosswise width span of said modular- accessible-unit .
61 . The modular-accessible-units of αlaim 7 in which said modular accessible nodes comprise one or more types selected from the group consisting of modular accessible pass-through nodes whereby conductors pass through a top zone and out of a bottom zone of said modular accessible pass- through nodes ; modular acces s ible pas s -through nodes accommodating load-bearing modular access ible pas s-through node boxes , whereby conductors pass through a top zone and out of a bottom zone of said modular accessible pass-through node boxes; modular accessible juncture nodes accommodating the juncture o f two or more matrix conductors ; modular accessible juncture nodes accommodating modular acces sible juncture node boxes , one or more junctures between two or conductors being made within said modular accessible juncture node boxes; modular accessible connecticn nodes accommodating one pr more connections between conductors ; and modular accessible connection nodes accommodating modular accessible connect ion node boxes , one or more connections between conductors be ing made within s aid modul ar acce s s ib le connection node boxes .
62. The modular-accessible-units of claim 7 in which said types of utility services accommodated in said two or more separated compartments of said modular accessible nodes and said modular accessible node boxes . comprise two or more conductor types selected from the group consisting of power conductors, voice conductors, data conductors, text conductors, video conductors, fiber optic conductors, environmental control conductors, signal conductors, and fluid conductors.
63. The modular-accessible-units of claim 7 in which said modular accessible nodes are disposed with the depth disposition of said modular accessible nodes selected from the group consisting of entirely above said load-bearing three-dimensional-conducto r- accommodative -pas s age- and-support-matrix and entirely within the depth of said modular-accessible-units, the top of said modular accessible nodes being flush with the top surface of said modular-accessible-units; partially within the depth of said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-suppo rt-matrix and partially within the entire depth of said modular-accessible-units, the top of said modular accessible nodes being flush with the top surface of said modular-accessible-un it s ; p arti a l ly within the depth o f s aid modular-accessible-units and partially above said modular-accessible-units ; partially within the depth of said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix, partially within the entire depth of said modular- ac c e s s ible-units , and part ially above , s ai d modular-accessible-units; and entirely within the depth of said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix.
64. The modular accessible nodes of claim 7 or 8 in which said modular accessible node boxes are selected from the group consisting of factory-manufactured load-bearing modular accessible node boxes; factory-manufactured non-load-bearing modular accessible node boxes; site-assembled non-load-bearing modular accessible node electrical enclosure components, said components for each enclosure comprising vertical side plates having cutout, knockout and punchout locations for receptacles and pas s age o f s aid matrix conductors through said vertical side plates , the sides of biased corner plinths vertically slotted to receive said vertical side plates , said load-bearing support system providing the bottom for said enclosure; site-assembled non-load-bearing modular accessible node electrical enclosure components, said components for each enclosure comprising a bottom closure plate, vertical side plates having cutout, knockout and punchout locations for receptacles and for passage of said matrix conductors through said vertical side plates , and the sides of biased corner plinths s lotted to receive said vertical side plates ; a uniaxial load-bearing three- dimens i onal - conduct or- accommodative-pas s age- and- support-matrix having vertical side plates on all sides of an electrical enclosure, the height of said vertical side plates equal to the approximate depth of said load-bearing three- dimensional-conduct or-accommodative-pas sage-and-support- matrix; a biaxial load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor- accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix having vertical side plates on one or more sides of an electrical enclosure, the height of said vertical side plates equal to the approximate depth o f said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor- accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix, and having vertical s ide pl ate s on two or more s i de s o f s ai d e l ectri ca l enclosure, the height of said vertical sides plates equal to one half the approximate depth of said load-bearing three-dimensional-αonductor-accommodative-pas sage-and-support-matrix, said vertical sides having cutout , knockout and punchout locations to accommodate receptacles and the passage of said matrix conductors through said vertical side plates ; and a multiaxial load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor- accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix having on the first axis vertical side plates on one or more sides of a modular accessible node , the height of said vertical side plates equal to the approximate depth of said load-bearing three-dimensional-conduct or-accommodative-passage-and-suppo rt-matrix, having on the second axis vertical side plates on one or more sides of said modular accessible node, the height of said vertical side plates equal to two-thirds the approximate depth o f said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix, and having vertical s ide plates along a third axis equal to one-third the approximate depth of said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and- support-matrix, said vertical sides having cutout, knockout and punchout locations to accommodate the passage of said matrix conductors through said vertical side plates .
65. The modular accessible nodes of claim 64 in which said modular accessible node boxes are concealed from view by means selected from the group consisting of hinged access covers, lift-out lay-in access covers with press-in and pull-out engagement for holding said covers in place , access covers held in place magnetically, access covers held in place mechanically, and access covers held in place by means of one or more fasteners .
66. The modular accessible nodes of claim 64 in which said modular accessible node boxes are concealed from view by means selected from the group consisting of modular-accessible-matrix-units contrasting in color and materials with said modular-accessible-matrix-units in said array and modular-accessible-matrix-units matching said modular-accessible-matrix-units in said array.
67. The modular-accessible-matrix-units of claim 8 in which load-bearing supports are disposed on said load- bearing support system below the diagonal axes of said modular-accessible-matrix-unit at the approximate points of unity where unity equals the crosswise width span of said modular-accessible-matrix-unit.
68., The modular-accessible-units of claim 7 or 8 in which one or more of said modular accessible nodes contain no modular accessible node boxes and no enclosure sides, said matrix conductors passing freely into said modular accessible nodes from above said modular-accessible-units, freely out of said modular accessible nodes, and through said modular accessible nodes, said matrix conductors having access to connectors on conductors accommodated within said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix and from equipment above said modular- accessible-units.
69. The modular-accessible-units of claims 6, 7 or 8 in which said accessible flexible-assembly-joint comprises an unfilled butt joint or a joint comprising and elastomeric sealant.
70. The array of modular-accessible-pavers of claim 9 or 10 in which said assembly bearing pads are selected from the group consisting of rigid assembly registry bearing pads, elastomeric assembly registry bearing pads, rigid assembly engagement registry bearing pads, and elastomeric assembly engagement registry bearing pads.
71. The array of modular-accessible-pavers of claim 10 in which said assembly bearing pads have a polygonal shape selected from the group consisting of cross, triangle, square, pentagon, hexagon, octagon, and round, said assembly bearing pads having a plurality of matrix conductor passage grooves to accommodate conductor passage from said load- bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix zone into the modular accessible node at the intersection of said biased corners.
72. The array of modular-accessible-pavers of claim
10 in which said modular accessible nodes comprise modular accessible connection nodes having a crosswise width of the polygonal aperture ranging from 3 inches (76mm) to 8 inches
(203mm) and comprise one or more shapes selected from the group consisting of triangle, square, pentagon, hexagon, octagon, and round.
73. The array of modular-accessible-pavers of claim
10 in which said modular accessible nodes comprise modular accessible passage nodes having a crosswise width of the polygonal aperture ranging in size from one-half inch (13mm) to 8 inches (203mm) and comprise one or more shapes selected from the group consisting of triangle, square, pentagon, hexagon, octagon, and round.
74. The array of modular-accessible-pavers of claim 9 or 10 in which said load-bearing support system comprises a subgrade.
75. The array of modular-accessible-pavers of claim 9 or 10 in which said flexible modular positioning l ayer comprises a vapor barrier.
76. The array of modular-accessible-pavers of claim 10 in which a granular substrate layer is interposed between said load-bearing support system and said flexible modular positioning layer.
77. The array of modular-accessible-pavers of claim 9 or 10 in which said cast paver plates comprise cementitious concrete or polymer concrete and are manufactured by means selected from the group consisting of single mold casting, multiple mold dewatered casting, arid multiple eggcrate mold casting.
78. The array of modular-accessible-pavers of claim 9 or 10 in which said cast paver plates are manufactured with integral registry points corresponding to said spaced- apart as semb ly bearing p ads o f s aid lo ad-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrisc.
79. The array of claim 6 or 8 in which said load-bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage-and-support-matrix comprises one or more support types selected from the group consisting of load-bearing plinths, load-bearing modular accessible node boxes , load-bearing channels , load-bearing flexible foam, load-bearing rigid foam, and load-bearing granular materials .
80. The array of claim 9 or 10 in which said load- bearing three-dimensional-conductor-accommodative-passage- and-support-matrix comprises one or more assembly bearing pad support types selected from the group consisting of load- bearing plinths, load-bearing modular accessible node boxes, load-bearing channels, load-bearing flexible foam, load- bearing rigid foam, and load-bearing granular materials.
81. The array of claim 10 in which a foam horizontal- disassociation-cushioning-layer is disposed above or below said flexible modular positioning layer at least at all points of bearing of said assembly bearing pads, said foam horizontal-disassociation-cushioning-layer loose laid or adhered to said flexible modular positioning layer and providing cushioning and enhanced impact sound isolation.
82. The array of claim 81 in which a predetermined pattern layout for said assembly bearing pads is marked on the top surface of said flexible modular positioning layer and said assembly bearing pads are disposed loose laid over said predetermined pattern layout.
83. The array of claim 81 in which a predetermined pattern layout for said assembly bearing pads is marked on the top surface of said flexible modular positioning layer, a foam horizontal-disassociation-cushioning-layer is loose laid over at least all of the assembly bearing pad markings, said assembly bearing pads are disposed over said foam horizontal-disassociation-cushioning-layer, said foam horizontal-disassociation-cushioning-layer providing cushioning and enhanced impact sound isolation.
84. The array of claim 81 in which a predetermined pattern layout for said assembly bearing pads is marked on the top surface of said flexible modular positioning layer, said assembly bearing pads are adhered to a foam horizontal- disassociation-cushioning-layer, s aid fo am hori z ontal -disassociation-cushioning-layer having two adhesive faces , one face of said foam horizontal-disassociation-cushioning-layer adhered to the markings on said predetermined pattern layout and the opposite face adhered to the bottom of said assembly bearing pads, said foam horizontal-disassociation-cushioning-layer providing cushioning and enhanced impact sound isolation .
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10620487A | 1987-10-05 | 1987-10-05 | |
| US106,204 | 1987-10-05 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO1989002961A1 true WO1989002961A1 (en) | 1989-04-06 |
Family
ID=22310094
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US1988/003455 Ceased WO1989002961A1 (en) | 1987-10-05 | 1988-10-05 | Modular-accessible-units |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| AU (1) | AU2550088A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1989002961A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0969157A3 (en) * | 1998-07-03 | 2001-05-02 | DALIFORM S.r.l. | Modular prefabricated element for building construction uses |
| US8061478B2 (en) | 2008-05-06 | 2011-11-22 | Moderco Inc. | Acoustic face of polymer and embedded coarse aggregates and an acoustic panel assembly |
Citations (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1629185A (en) * | 1922-01-25 | 1927-05-17 | Carborundum Co | Nonslip floor construction |
| FR1523900A (en) * | 1967-05-24 | 1968-05-03 | Const Metalliques M G Sa Des | Adjustable raised floor |
| DE1534766A1 (en) * | 1962-06-22 | 1969-07-31 | Wuppermann Gmbh Theodor | Double floor |
| US3504469A (en) * | 1967-12-28 | 1970-04-07 | Armstrong Cork Co | Invisible seaming technique for a monolithic flooring |
| DE2005348A1 (en) * | 1970-02-06 | 1971-08-19 | Schafter, Horst 7141 Steinheim | Method for marking specific areas on the plaster base or in depressions in the plaster base of surfaces plastered with plaster mortar, as well as plaster boxes for using the method |
| GB1340036A (en) * | 1970-06-08 | 1973-12-05 | Harvey R W S | Raised flooring |
| DE2545854A1 (en) * | 1975-10-14 | 1976-10-28 | Lanz Ag Hermann | Service-accommodating twin-plate slabbed double floor - with foamed-substance- holding intermediate layer between top smooth and bottom reinforced plate |
| US4127349A (en) * | 1976-04-29 | 1978-11-28 | Sf-Sten A/S | Concrete paving stone and method of manufacturing same |
| GB2070100A (en) * | 1980-02-22 | 1981-09-03 | Thornhill B | Adjustable Flooring |
| US4561232A (en) * | 1982-08-26 | 1985-12-31 | Tate Architectural Products, Inc. | Modular tile with positioning means for use with an access floor panel system |
| US4581863A (en) * | 1983-10-06 | 1986-04-15 | Kenneth Thaler | Roof anchor and support |
| US4606156A (en) * | 1983-08-04 | 1986-08-19 | C-Tec, Inc. | Access flooring panel |
| US4621468A (en) * | 1984-07-11 | 1986-11-11 | Donn Incorporated | Concrete metal-backed access floor panel |
| US4640073A (en) * | 1985-02-02 | 1987-02-03 | Ermossa Ag | Floor plate |
| WO1987003324A1 (en) * | 1985-11-22 | 1987-06-04 | Cablefloor (Australia) Pty. Ltd. | Flooring system |
| US4674245A (en) * | 1984-03-19 | 1987-06-23 | Diversitech Corporation | Roof walkway panel |
| US4719272A (en) * | 1984-06-27 | 1988-01-12 | National Starch And Chemical Corporation | Monomeric cationic glycoside derivatives |
| US4735024A (en) * | 1986-11-21 | 1988-04-05 | Deegan & Rosato Construction Co. | Construction of an arena floor adapted to selectively raise and lower |
| US4744194A (en) * | 1984-08-20 | 1988-05-17 | Saami Co., Ltd. | Method of laying tile-like flooring members on a floor |
-
1988
- 1988-10-05 AU AU25500/88A patent/AU2550088A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1988-10-05 WO PCT/US1988/003455 patent/WO1989002961A1/en not_active Ceased
Patent Citations (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1629185A (en) * | 1922-01-25 | 1927-05-17 | Carborundum Co | Nonslip floor construction |
| DE1534766A1 (en) * | 1962-06-22 | 1969-07-31 | Wuppermann Gmbh Theodor | Double floor |
| FR1523900A (en) * | 1967-05-24 | 1968-05-03 | Const Metalliques M G Sa Des | Adjustable raised floor |
| US3504469A (en) * | 1967-12-28 | 1970-04-07 | Armstrong Cork Co | Invisible seaming technique for a monolithic flooring |
| DE2005348A1 (en) * | 1970-02-06 | 1971-08-19 | Schafter, Horst 7141 Steinheim | Method for marking specific areas on the plaster base or in depressions in the plaster base of surfaces plastered with plaster mortar, as well as plaster boxes for using the method |
| GB1340036A (en) * | 1970-06-08 | 1973-12-05 | Harvey R W S | Raised flooring |
| DE2545854A1 (en) * | 1975-10-14 | 1976-10-28 | Lanz Ag Hermann | Service-accommodating twin-plate slabbed double floor - with foamed-substance- holding intermediate layer between top smooth and bottom reinforced plate |
| US4127349A (en) * | 1976-04-29 | 1978-11-28 | Sf-Sten A/S | Concrete paving stone and method of manufacturing same |
| GB2070100A (en) * | 1980-02-22 | 1981-09-03 | Thornhill B | Adjustable Flooring |
| US4561232A (en) * | 1982-08-26 | 1985-12-31 | Tate Architectural Products, Inc. | Modular tile with positioning means for use with an access floor panel system |
| US4606156A (en) * | 1983-08-04 | 1986-08-19 | C-Tec, Inc. | Access flooring panel |
| US4581863A (en) * | 1983-10-06 | 1986-04-15 | Kenneth Thaler | Roof anchor and support |
| US4674245A (en) * | 1984-03-19 | 1987-06-23 | Diversitech Corporation | Roof walkway panel |
| US4719272A (en) * | 1984-06-27 | 1988-01-12 | National Starch And Chemical Corporation | Monomeric cationic glycoside derivatives |
| US4621468A (en) * | 1984-07-11 | 1986-11-11 | Donn Incorporated | Concrete metal-backed access floor panel |
| US4744194A (en) * | 1984-08-20 | 1988-05-17 | Saami Co., Ltd. | Method of laying tile-like flooring members on a floor |
| US4640073A (en) * | 1985-02-02 | 1987-02-03 | Ermossa Ag | Floor plate |
| WO1987003324A1 (en) * | 1985-11-22 | 1987-06-04 | Cablefloor (Australia) Pty. Ltd. | Flooring system |
| US4735024A (en) * | 1986-11-21 | 1988-04-05 | Deegan & Rosato Construction Co. | Construction of an arena floor adapted to selectively raise and lower |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| SPACE GRID STRUCTURES by John Borrego (c), 1968 by The Massachusetts Institute of Technology, pages 131, 132, 144, 156, 157, and 160-163. * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0969157A3 (en) * | 1998-07-03 | 2001-05-02 | DALIFORM S.r.l. | Modular prefabricated element for building construction uses |
| US8061478B2 (en) | 2008-05-06 | 2011-11-22 | Moderco Inc. | Acoustic face of polymer and embedded coarse aggregates and an acoustic panel assembly |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU2550088A (en) | 1989-04-18 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US5111627A (en) | Modular-accessible-units | |
| US5205091A (en) | Modular-accessible-units and method of making same | |
| EP1682733B2 (en) | Building component for forming floor coverings | |
| AU703860B2 (en) | Panels in particular for floor, wall, ceiling or furniture coverings or components, a method of manufacturing such panels or components, and a retaining element for such panels | |
| US9303403B2 (en) | Composite panels and methods and apparatus for manufacture and installtion thereof | |
| US4698249A (en) | Modular-accessible-tiles providing accessibility to conductors and piping with improved sound isolation | |
| WO2002012653A1 (en) | Free floating sub-floor panel | |
| EP0763637A1 (en) | System for laying wall- or floor tiles respectively wall- or floor panels | |
| EP0133556A2 (en) | Prefabricated form-work element for cellular floor constructions | |
| JP2003529691A (en) | Insulated wall structure | |
| EP0112272B1 (en) | Element and method of manufacturing said element | |
| DE20107338U1 (en) | Flexible floor covering system | |
| WO1989002961A1 (en) | Modular-accessible-units | |
| DE102017011331A1 (en) | Form stone for the construction of walls and buildings | |
| WO2009053185A2 (en) | A self-supporting paving for outdoor use | |
| EP0973983B1 (en) | Tile-like flat element | |
| JPS6233967A (en) | Under-floor material | |
| US8047672B2 (en) | Mosaic floors and corresponding installation procedures | |
| CN114055624B (en) | Composite integral assembled floor and preparation method thereof | |
| EP0806529A1 (en) | Thermal-insulation element for buildings | |
| DE4129760C2 (en) | Raised floor | |
| JPS63500088A (en) | Plumbable and soundproof modular tiles | |
| DE19525315A1 (en) | Hollow flooring structure | |
| EP1309761B1 (en) | Flooring system with floor layer and sub-floor panels | |
| DE3840266A1 (en) | Process and set of structural elements for producing a cavity floor |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| AK | Designated states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AU BR JP SU |
|
| AL | Designated countries for regional patents |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LU NL SE |