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WO1989000497A1 - Article composite d'epaisseur variable et sa production - Google Patents

Article composite d'epaisseur variable et sa production Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1989000497A1
WO1989000497A1 PCT/GB1988/000580 GB8800580W WO8900497A1 WO 1989000497 A1 WO1989000497 A1 WO 1989000497A1 GB 8800580 W GB8800580 W GB 8800580W WO 8900497 A1 WO8900497 A1 WO 8900497A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
article
composite article
profile
crushed
tubes
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/GB1988/000580
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Momonu Funsho Adebayo Ajibade
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Akzo Nobel UK PLC
Original Assignee
Courtaulds PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Courtaulds PLC filed Critical Courtaulds PLC
Publication of WO1989000497A1 publication Critical patent/WO1989000497A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
    • B29D99/0003—Producing profiled members, e.g. beams
    • B29D99/0007—Producing profiled members, e.g. beams having a variable cross-section
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C43/02—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
    • B29C43/18—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. compression moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
    • B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
    • B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D24/00—Producing articles with hollow walls
    • B29D24/002—Producing articles with hollow walls formed with structures, e.g. cores placed between two plates or sheets, e.g. partially filled
    • B29D24/008—Producing articles with hollow walls formed with structures, e.g. cores placed between two plates or sheets, e.g. partially filled the structure having hollow ridges, ribs or cores

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method of producing a composite article having a profile of varying thickness, for example including a tapering section and to such a composite article.
  • One conventional method of manufacturing a composite article is to build up a layer of resin-impregnated fibrous reinforcement, mould it to a desired shape, cure the resin, and thereafter, if a tapered profile is required, to machine the composite article to the desired tapered shape.
  • This procedure is wasteful of the often expensive fibrous reinforcement and resin, which has to be machined away, and involves the extra cost of removing material previously incorporated in the moulded article.
  • the present invention provides a method of moulding composite articles having a profile of varying thickness, for example a tapered profile, so that, although originally cf even thickness, they come from the mould with the desired shape and do not require to be machined to produce the profile of varying thickness.
  • a method of producing a composite article having a profile of varying thickness which comprises forming an article of fibre-reinforced matrix material which incor ⁇ porates a crushable element arranged so that it is susceptible to collapse under the influence of externally- applied forces, and applying external forces to the article to cause the crushable element to be crushed to impart a profile of varying thickness to the article
  • the matrix material is conveniently a resin which is or is caused to be deformable during application of the said external forces and which is allowed or caused to set to hold the article in the form of a profile of varying thickness with the crushable element held in the crushed state.
  • the reinforcing material may comprise fibrous and/cr filamentary material, which may be incorporated in a textile fabric, and the crushable element may comprise similar material and may be in the form of a tube, preferably tubing of braided filaments or yarns. Tubes made of non-woven fibrous material or material woven, knitted or braided from filamentary, textile material can be used.
  • the crushable element may be constituted by one or more tubes in at least one region of the article which is or are less well supported than one or more other tubes and thus more susceptible to collapse under the influence of externally-applied forces than said one or more other tubes.
  • the crushable element may be such because of its arrangement and location in relation to other elements.
  • a composite article having a profile of varying thickness is characterised in that the article comprises a fibre- reinforced matrix material incorporating a crushable element which is at least partly crushed to give the article a reduced thickness in the area of the crushed element.
  • a curable resin is used as matrix material in the composite article, the resin ma/ be a thermoplastic or a thermoset resin.
  • tubular crushable elements may be supported by arranging them parallel to one another side by side so that they provide mutual support. This support is enhanced, without need for additional intermediate elements between the tubular elements, if the elements have complementary shapes so that the peripheries of adjacent parallel tubular elements are contiguous. Simple forms of such shapes are square-section and rectangular-section tubes.
  • the region of the article in which the tubular crushable elements are less well supported may be an edge region in which the tubular element at the very edge of the article is supported by another tubular element on one side only.
  • the edge tubular element will be crushed so that its walls extending in the direction between the surfaces of the layer will collapse leaving little support for the adjacent 'element, which will also collapse, at least partly.
  • a number of tubular elements in the edge region of the article will be crushed to a progressively smaller degree as one advances further into the article creating an article with a tapered profile.
  • the compres ⁇ sive pressure of the moulding procedure can be arranged to crush these elements and produce a depression in this central region of the article. If a relatively rapid variation in the thickness of an article is required, this can be achieved by introducing a more rigid element than the said crushable elements into the article at the position where the relatively sudden transition in thickness is required.
  • a more rigid element may be a rod of metal or composite material or a tube which is stronger than the other crushable elements, for example because it is made of metal or, if made of filamentary material because, perhaps, it ' has thicker walls or a more ⁇ en ⁇ e concentration of filamentary material in its walls than the other tubular elements.
  • the composite article comprises resin- impregnated fabric outer layers between which is located at least one layer of parallel contiguous tubes arranged side- by- ⁇ ide.
  • External compressive forces may be applied by means of a yielding, preferably resilient, plate initially conform ⁇ ing to and located parallel to a surface of a rigid moulding block having the shape desired for one surface of the composite article.
  • a yielding, preferably resilient, plate initially conform ⁇ ing to and located parallel to a surface of a rigid moulding block having the shape desired for one surface of the composite article.
  • Figure 1 is a side view of a composite article according to the invention
  • Figure 2 is a diagrammatic section through a vacuum press suitable for use in carrying out the method of the invention.
  • the composite article 4 shown in Figure 1 comprises a fibre-reinforced matrix material having outer layers 5 and 6 consisting of cured synthetic-resin impregnated faoric sheets. Between the layers 5 and 6 is a layer of parallel side-by-side braided, square cross-section, fabric tubes 7 also impregnated with synthetic resin, which has been cured.
  • the tubes 7 are juxtaposed so that their sides 8 are contiguous and, since they have complementary, in this case straight, sides 8, these sides touch throughout the whole of their extent and provide strong mutual support for one another except in the edge regions 9 and 10 of the composite article where tubes 7 are crushed, or partly crushed, due to the collapse of the tube walls 8 extending in the direction between the surfaces of the layers 5 and 6.
  • the tube 13 or 14 at the very edge of the edge region 9 or 10 is supported on one side only by the adjacent tube 15 or 16.
  • it is more susceptible to wall-collapse and crushing than tubes 7 in the central region 17 of the composite article.
  • the edge tubes 13 and 14 thus collapse virtually completely and the tubes 15 and 16 collapse nearly completely and in fact tubes in the edge regions 9 and 10 are crushed to a progressively smaller degree in the moulding procedure as one advances further into the composite article towards the central region 17.
  • a composite article as shown, with a tapered profile at each edge is produced.
  • the composite article 4 of Figure 1 is produced using the vacuum press 20 shown in Figure 2.
  • the press 20 comprises a base 21 incorporating an electrical heater and having an upstanding flange 22 with an aperture 23 to which is connected a vacuum pump 24.
  • a rubber envelope 25 is 6 releasably secured to the base 21 and flange £2 and encloses a block 26 mounted on the base 21.
  • the upper surface of the block 26 is shaped to the configuration required for one face of a composite article of curved sheet-like form.
  • a metal sheet 27 shaped to conform accurately to the shape of the upper surface of the block 26 and a further, resilient metal sheet 28, having the same shape, is spaced from the sheet 27, the twc sheets 27 and 28 enclosing between them a composite article 29 to be moulded.
  • a rigid cover 32 releasably secured to the base 21 and incorporating in its upper wall 33 a further electrical heater.
  • the rigid cover 32 and rubber envelope 25 are removed and a release agent is applied to the upper surface of the metal sheet 27 and to the lower surface of the metal sheet 28.
  • a coating of uncured (but curable) synthetic resin is applied to the same surfaces of the metal sheets 27 and 28 and fabric sheets 33 and 34, to constitute surface layers 5 and 6 of the composite article 29, are then applied, one to each of the coated surfaces of metal sheets 27 and 28.
  • Stiff, resin-impregnated tubes 7 made of braided fabric are then juxtaposed with their side walls 8, extending upwardly from the fabric sheet 33, touching one another. The tubes 7 are thus in parallel, side-by-side relationship.
  • the metal sheet 28 carrying the fabric sheet 34 is then placed on top of the layer of tubes 7, and the rubber envelope 25 and the rigid cover 32 are secured in position.
  • the heaters in the base 21 and the top wall 33 are next switched on and a vacuum is established in the space within the rubber envelope 25 by means of the vacuum pump 24.
  • the rubber envelope 25 collapses onto the block 26 and the sheet 28 on top of the block 26, and presses the sheet 28 towards the sheet 27, thus applying external, compressive forces to the article 29. These forces act transversely of the article 29 in the direction from one surface layer 6 of the article 29 towards the other surface layer 5.
  • an element less susceptible to crushing than .the braided tubes 7, that is a more rigid element of the kind mentioned in the introduction above, may be introduced into the composite article in the region where the transition is required.
  • braided, or other fabric, tubes are used in making a composite article according to the invention, they can be impregnated with .resin by passing them through a bath of resin, or by placing them in a dish of resin and applying a roller.
  • the fabrics 33 and 34 applied to the metal sheets 27 and 28 may be impregnated with resin after application to the metal sheets by applying resin to them with a roller or brush.
  • the tubes, constituting crushable elements, used in making a composite article of the kind shown in Figure 1 must have a degree of stiffness so that, some cf them at least, resist crushing in the moulding procedure.
  • This stiffness or resistance to crushing may be imparted to the tubes in the number of ways.
  • the tubes ma> , after formation as fabric tubes, be lightly impregnated with a resin and cured or partly cured to render them stiff enough to retain their cross-sectional shape whilst they can be bent so that their longitudinal axes become curved.
  • the fabric tubes may have a semi-rigid or collapsible core inserted in them which assists them t retain their cross-sectional shape.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

Article composite (4) en matière matricielle renforcée par des fibres, comprenant des éléments (7) déformables par écrasement, par exemple un manchon de filaments ou de fils tressés qui sont au moins partiellement écrasés (en 13-16) pour donner à l'article une épaisseur réduite dans la région (9, 10) des éléments écrasés. Un procédé permettant de produire un tel article consiste à soumettre la matière matricielle renforcée par des fibres à des forces appliquées de l'extérieur, afin de provoquer différents degrés d'écrasement dans le(s) élément(s).
PCT/GB1988/000580 1987-07-20 1988-07-19 Article composite d'epaisseur variable et sa production Ceased WO1989000497A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8717074 1987-07-20
GB878717074A GB8717074D0 (en) 1987-07-20 1987-07-20 Composite article

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1989000497A1 true WO1989000497A1 (fr) 1989-01-26

Family

ID=10620960

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/GB1988/000580 Ceased WO1989000497A1 (fr) 1987-07-20 1988-07-19 Article composite d'epaisseur variable et sa production

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0378541A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH03501953A (fr)
GB (1) GB8717074D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1989000497A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998004398A1 (fr) * 1996-07-30 1998-02-05 Peguform France Formation d'un insert dans un panneau en materiau composite du type sandwich a ame alveolaire

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3995984A (en) * 1972-06-27 1976-12-07 Composite Structures Corporation Matching dies for composite cored structures
US4053667A (en) * 1974-09-09 1977-10-11 Lockheed Aircraft Corporation Stiffened structural laminate and method of molding laminate with stiffener beads
EP0135708A2 (fr) * 1983-08-01 1985-04-03 Vereinigte Aluminium-Werke Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour la fabrication d'un corps composite en matière thermoplastique

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3995984A (en) * 1972-06-27 1976-12-07 Composite Structures Corporation Matching dies for composite cored structures
US4053667A (en) * 1974-09-09 1977-10-11 Lockheed Aircraft Corporation Stiffened structural laminate and method of molding laminate with stiffener beads
EP0135708A2 (fr) * 1983-08-01 1985-04-03 Vereinigte Aluminium-Werke Aktiengesellschaft Procédé pour la fabrication d'un corps composite en matière thermoplastique

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1998004398A1 (fr) * 1996-07-30 1998-02-05 Peguform France Formation d'un insert dans un panneau en materiau composite du type sandwich a ame alveolaire
FR2751914A1 (fr) * 1996-07-30 1998-02-06 Manducher Sa Formation d'un insert dans un panneau en materiau composite du type sandwich a ame alveolaire

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH03501953A (ja) 1991-05-09
EP0378541A1 (fr) 1990-07-25
GB8717074D0 (en) 1987-08-26

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