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WO1988006484A1 - Procede d'absorption de composants gazeux a partir de gaz de fumee acidifiants - Google Patents

Procede d'absorption de composants gazeux a partir de gaz de fumee acidifiants Download PDF

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Publication number
WO1988006484A1
WO1988006484A1 PCT/SE1988/000101 SE8800101W WO8806484A1 WO 1988006484 A1 WO1988006484 A1 WO 1988006484A1 SE 8800101 W SE8800101 W SE 8800101W WO 8806484 A1 WO8806484 A1 WO 8806484A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
flue gases
acidifying
lime
burnt lime
gas
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/SE1988/000101
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Kurt Carlsson
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB Technology FLB AB
Original Assignee
Flaekt AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Flaekt AB filed Critical Flaekt AB
Publication of WO1988006484A1 publication Critical patent/WO1988006484A1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/68—Halogens or halogen compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
    • B01D53/508—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with solids

Definitions

  • TITLE OF THE INVENTION A METHOD FOR ABSORBING GASEOUS COMPONENTS FROM ACIDIFYING FLUE GASES.
  • the present invention relates to a method for absorbing the acidifying components of acid flue gases generated, for instance, when burning fossil fuels or waste, such as domestic waste, by supplying to the acidifying flue gases finely-divided burnt lime (CaO).
  • CaO finely-divided burnt lime
  • the present invention relates to a method for cleansing combustion gases in accordance with 3) above.
  • acid components can be removed from combustion gases en ⁇ gendered when burning fossil fuels or waste material, by establishing contact between the acid gas components and an absorbent charged to the gas mixture, such that this absorbent is able to react with and bind the acid components and therewith form one or more salts.
  • the feature most characteristic of the wet processes is one of bringing the gas mixture into contact with a large quantity of aqueous solution or aqueous suspension containing one or more alkaline components, wherein the ratio between the quantity of liquid supplied and the quantity of ' gas de ⁇ livered to the absorption stage, effected in a reaction chamber, is of such large magnitude that the enthalpy content of the gas can vaporize only a minor persentage of the water supplied.
  • the present state of the art includes . plants which operate in accordance with the aforesaid method and which are intended for separating sulphur dioxide from flue gases produced in coal-fired boilers .
  • the advantage of the wet process is that the cost for chemicals are low, mai nly because inexpensive l imestone can be used for neutral izing purposes and because stoichiometric quantities wi l l suffice .
  • the feature most characteristic of the spray drying process is one in which an absorbent is ⁇ lurried or dissolved in a limited amount of water which is smaller than the amount required to cool the gas down to saturation, and in which the aqueous solution or slurry is delivered to the gas in droplet form.
  • the droplets shall be small enough to vaporize in the reaction chamber.
  • Dry residual products are then extracted from the gas in a conventional downstream dust separator.
  • the flue gases are brought into contact with a dry absorbent, which is normally blown in powder form into the reaction chamber and disperses therein.
  • the absorbent normally used in this process is dry-slaked lime, i.e. Ca(OH) 2 , which is more expensive than burnt lime (CaO) .
  • This higher cost is caused by the inclusion of the slak ⁇ ing process and by a weight increase due to the water content of the product.
  • a finely divided absorbent will bind the acid components of a flue gas to a greater extent than a coarsely divided absorbent.
  • Acid components will also bind more readily to the surfaces of a porous absorbent than to the surfaces of a more dense absorbent.
  • the flue gases must not be cooled to a temperature which is equal to or lies beneath an adiabetic saturation temperature at which moisture will precipitate onto the walls of the reaction chamber and passageways. Conse ⁇ quently, there shall be chosen a temperature which lies above this value, so that no moisture is precipitated.
  • the present invention can be considered to relate to the "dry process".
  • the dry process In the case of contact reactors of the aforesaid kind in which the contaminated medium is a flow of flue gas, it is known when practicing the dry process, and also when practicing the spray drying process, to ensure that the process of actually cleansing the gas is effected at a temperature which lies as close as possible to the dew point of the gas.
  • the measures taken to lower the temperature of the process create conditions which enable the dust or contaminants to be moistened slightly, therewith to render the absorption of and the chemical reaction with the acid contaminants or compo ⁇ nents more effective.
  • a further technical problem resides in the ability of ad ⁇ justing the temperature and moisture conditions in a flow of flue gas, so that finely-ground burnt lime introduced in mist form into the flue gas is slaked effectively.
  • Another technical problem in this regard is one of real ⁇ izing that when applying suitable temperature and mois ⁇ ture values, burnt lime will be slaked so rapidly in a gas flow that slaking of the lime can be effected during passage of the gas from the boiler to a downstream ab- sorption reactor.
  • the present invention relates to a method for extracting by absorption the acid components of acidifying flue gases, e.g. the gases generated when combusting fossil fuels or waste materials, by introducing finely-ground burnt lime into the acidifying flue gases.
  • the burnt lime is in ⁇ troduced in powder form within a section in which the temperature of the flue gases lies within the range of 65 C to 180 C, and the moisture content of said gases lies between 3 and 40 % by volume.
  • water is added to the gas in an amount which is sufficient to cool the gas to a temperature of from 65 C to 180 C and which will achieve a gas moisture-content of from 3 to 40 % by volume, while observing the moisture generated during the actual com ⁇ bustion process.
  • the flue gases are caused to pass through a reactor which may be of very simple construction and which may consist of for instance, a short channel or passageway located be ⁇ tween a cooler and a dust separator.
  • the solid particles, the salts formed by the absorption process, and the un-reacted materia.1 present in the flue gases are extracted in a dust separator, for instance an electrostatic dust precipitator, a fabric filter, a bed filter, etc.
  • the burnt lime is slaked by the water present in a first process stage such as to form an extremely fine powdered lime hydrate, and the acid gas components are caused to react with ⁇ the lime hydrate powder in a subsequent absorption stage.
  • chlorine-containing sub ⁇ stances may be added, so as to form hygroscopic calcium chloride and therewith enhance the reaction between lime and sulphur dioxide.
  • the illustrated plant includes a combustion furnace 1 for burning waste material, the arrow 2 indicating the supply of combustible waste into the furnace and the arrow 3 indicating the supply of combustion air.
  • the acidifying flue gases generated by the combustion process pass from the furnace 1 to a cooler 5, through a conduit 4.
  • the cooler 5 may have the form of a heat exchanger but is preferably a cooling tower or some similar apparatus.
  • Water is supplied to the cooler 5 through a pipe 5a and sprayed into the flue gases.
  • the thus cooled flue gases pass to a chemical reactor 7 through a further conduit 6, into which finely- ground burnt lime is introduced, as indicated by an arrow 8.
  • the cleansed gases exit from the plant through a conduit 11 to a smoke stack, not shown.
  • the material extracted from the flue gas in the dust separator 10 is passed through a conduit 12 to a unit 13, from which material is either recycled back to the chem ⁇ ical reactor 1 , through a conduit 14, or is removed for dumping, through a conduit 15.
  • powdered burnt lime is introduced through the conduit 8 within a section in which the flue gases have a temperature within the range of 65 C to 180°C and a moisture content of between 3 and 40 % by volume.
  • the burnt lime will be slaked in a first reaction stage (either totally or substantially in the passageway sec ⁇ tion 6a) in accordance with the formula
  • the second reaction stage may be effected within the re ⁇ actor 7 , and in accordance with one or more of the re ⁇ actions

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

Le procédé sert à absorber les composants gazeux acidifiants de gaz de fumée produits par exemple lorsque l'on brûle des combustibles fossiles ou des matériaux résiduaires, le procédé consistant à alimenter le système en chaux vive finement broyée (CaO). La chaux vive ou oxyde de calcium est acheminée (8) sous forme de poudre dans une section dans laquelle les gaz de fumée ont une température comprise entre 65°C et 180°C et une teneur en humidité comprise entre 3 et 40 % en volume.
PCT/SE1988/000101 1987-03-06 1988-03-04 Procede d'absorption de composants gazeux a partir de gaz de fumee acidifiants Ceased WO1988006484A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE8700945A SE460642B (sv) 1987-03-06 1987-03-06 Foerfarande foer att absorbera gasformiga komponenter ur foersurade roekgaser
SE8700945-2 1987-03-06

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1988006484A1 true WO1988006484A1 (fr) 1988-09-07

Family

ID=20367778

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/SE1988/000101 Ceased WO1988006484A1 (fr) 1987-03-06 1988-03-04 Procede d'absorption de composants gazeux a partir de gaz de fumee acidifiants

Country Status (4)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0308447A1 (fr)
AU (1) AU1424188A (fr)
SE (1) SE460642B (fr)
WO (1) WO1988006484A1 (fr)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0596229A1 (fr) * 1992-10-02 1994-05-11 Abb Fläkt Ab Procédé pour la purification des gaz de fumée des incinérateurs de déchets
EP0922484A1 (fr) * 1996-06-19 1999-06-16 Nkk Corporation Procédé pour traiter des gaz de fumée d'une combustion
US6033639A (en) * 1995-12-15 2000-03-07 Abb Flakt Ab Method for cleaning process gases
FR2883772A1 (fr) * 2005-03-30 2006-10-06 Lab Sa Sa Procede et installation d'epuration de fumees contenant des polluants acides
EP1857167A1 (fr) 1998-05-18 2007-11-21 Alstom Procede et appareil pour epurer des gaz de combustion.
FR2957528A1 (fr) * 2010-03-22 2011-09-23 Lab Sa Procede et installation d'epuration de fumees contenant des polluants acides

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FI88681C (fi) * 1990-10-18 1993-06-28 Sf Cleanair Oy Foerfarande och anordning foer rening av roekgaser vid oljepannor
SE9100584D0 (sv) * 1991-02-28 1991-02-28 Flaekt Ab Saett att rena processgaser som innehaaller gasformiga foeroreningar
SE504755C2 (sv) * 1994-12-23 1997-04-21 Flaekt Ab Förfarande och anordning för avskiljning av gasformiga föroreningar, såsom svaveldioxid och väteklorid, från vid förbränning i fluidiserad bädd bildade rökgaser
US20160289143A1 (en) 2015-04-01 2016-10-06 Siluria Technologies, Inc. Advanced oxidative coupling of methane

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE422890B (sv) * 1975-05-06 1982-04-05 Hoelter H Sett for gasrening samt anordning herfor
EP0177896A2 (fr) * 1984-10-12 1986-04-16 MikroPul Ducon Gesellschaft für Mahl- und Staubtechnik mbH Procédé et dispositif pour neutraliser et séparer des polluants dans des gaz brûlés et des gaz d'échappement
US4588569A (en) * 1985-02-21 1986-05-13 Intermountain Research & Development Corporation Dry injection flue gas desulfurization process using absorptive soda ash sorbent
EP0182706A1 (fr) * 1984-11-12 1986-05-28 Syprim Air Industrie Environnement Procédé de captation par voie semi-sèche de polluants contenus dans des fumées
EP0196481A1 (fr) * 1985-03-13 1986-10-08 Von Roll Ag Procédé et dispositif pour séparer des composés polluants d'un courant de gaz
EP0226863A1 (fr) * 1985-11-29 1987-07-01 General Electric Company Procédé d'épuration des oxydes de soufre et des oxydes azotiques dans un canneau de cheminée

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE422890B (sv) * 1975-05-06 1982-04-05 Hoelter H Sett for gasrening samt anordning herfor
EP0177896A2 (fr) * 1984-10-12 1986-04-16 MikroPul Ducon Gesellschaft für Mahl- und Staubtechnik mbH Procédé et dispositif pour neutraliser et séparer des polluants dans des gaz brûlés et des gaz d'échappement
EP0182706A1 (fr) * 1984-11-12 1986-05-28 Syprim Air Industrie Environnement Procédé de captation par voie semi-sèche de polluants contenus dans des fumées
US4588569A (en) * 1985-02-21 1986-05-13 Intermountain Research & Development Corporation Dry injection flue gas desulfurization process using absorptive soda ash sorbent
EP0196481A1 (fr) * 1985-03-13 1986-10-08 Von Roll Ag Procédé et dispositif pour séparer des composés polluants d'un courant de gaz
EP0226863A1 (fr) * 1985-11-29 1987-07-01 General Electric Company Procédé d'épuration des oxydes de soufre et des oxydes azotiques dans un canneau de cheminée

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0596229A1 (fr) * 1992-10-02 1994-05-11 Abb Fläkt Ab Procédé pour la purification des gaz de fumée des incinérateurs de déchets
US6033639A (en) * 1995-12-15 2000-03-07 Abb Flakt Ab Method for cleaning process gases
EP0922484A1 (fr) * 1996-06-19 1999-06-16 Nkk Corporation Procédé pour traiter des gaz de fumée d'une combustion
EP1857167A1 (fr) 1998-05-18 2007-11-21 Alstom Procede et appareil pour epurer des gaz de combustion.
FR2883772A1 (fr) * 2005-03-30 2006-10-06 Lab Sa Sa Procede et installation d'epuration de fumees contenant des polluants acides
EP1716910A3 (fr) * 2005-03-30 2007-12-19 Lab Sa Procédé et installation d'épuration de fumées contenant des polluants acides
FR2957528A1 (fr) * 2010-03-22 2011-09-23 Lab Sa Procede et installation d'epuration de fumees contenant des polluants acides
EP2371444A1 (fr) * 2010-03-22 2011-10-05 Lab Sa Procédé et installation d'épuration de fumées contenant des polluants acides

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
SE8700945D0 (sv) 1987-03-06
AU1424188A (en) 1988-09-26
EP0308447A1 (fr) 1989-03-29
SE8700945L (sv) 1988-09-07
SE460642B (sv) 1989-11-06

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