[go: up one dir, main page]

WO1988006208A1 - Apparatus and method for making a wall into the ground - Google Patents

Apparatus and method for making a wall into the ground Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO1988006208A1
WO1988006208A1 PCT/FR1988/000093 FR8800093W WO8806208A1 WO 1988006208 A1 WO1988006208 A1 WO 1988006208A1 FR 8800093 W FR8800093 W FR 8800093W WO 8806208 A1 WO8806208 A1 WO 8806208A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
retaining means
groove
ground
machine
chain
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
PCT/FR1988/000093
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Claude Louis
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of WO1988006208A1 publication Critical patent/WO1988006208A1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D19/00—Keeping dry foundation sites or other areas in the ground
    • E02D19/06—Restraining of underground water
    • E02D19/12—Restraining of underground water by damming or interrupting the passage of underground water
    • E02D19/18—Restraining of underground water by damming or interrupting the passage of underground water by making use of sealing aprons, e.g. diaphragms made from bituminous or clay material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
    • E02D5/18—Bulkheads or similar walls made solely of concrete in situ
    • E02D5/187—Bulkheads or similar walls made solely of concrete in situ the bulkheads or walls being made continuously, e.g. excavating and constructing bulkheads or walls in the same process, without joints

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a wall in the ground, a method according to which a groove is dug in the ground which is then filled with a material having specific properties.
  • a fluid material to the implementation suitable for hardening in place such as mortar or concrete;
  • the object of the invention is, above all, to provide a process which meets better than hitherto the various requirements of the practice and which, in particular, allows a wall to be produced quickly and economically artificial continues in the ground.
  • the method according to the invention is characterized in that provision is made, at a reduced distance behind the bleed front, for retaining means which are applied against the walls of the groove, and suitable for advancing with the front of bleeding, and as the advancement of this front, the filling material is introduced into the space which has just been released, the front of this material coming to bear against the retaining means.
  • the distance between the bleeding front and the front of the filling material is as small as possible, in particular less than two meters.
  • Such a method makes it possible, in particular, to dispense with the installation of shields, shoring and / or formwork before pouring the filling material.
  • the invention also relates to a apparatus for making a wall in the ground, this apparatus comprising a machine provided with a tool for making a groove in the ground, the machine being able to move on the ground surface in a determined direction.
  • the apparatus according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises, behind the machine tool, in the direction of progress of the trench, retaining means linked to the machine which extend from the bottom of the groove upwards, these retaining means pressing against the vertical walls and against the bottom of the groove to establish a sufficient seal with respect to the filling material.
  • This material is poured by filling or pumping means into the groove which has just been dug, behind the retaining means, the front of this filling material coming to bear against the above-mentioned retaining means.
  • the average distance between the front edge of the retaining means and the area closest to the path of the cutting tools is preferably less than 2 ⁇ cm, in particular of the order of 1 ⁇ cm.
  • the retaining means comprise, at their lower end, a part suitable for dragging against the bottom of the groove and for ensuring a sufficiently tight connection with the rising part of the retaining means.
  • the retaining means comprise a strip or a rod of flexible material, in particular of rubberized material or reinforced elastomer.
  • the tube can be of the inflatable type, for example using a gaseous fluid and / or a liquid.
  • the strip or the flange may have rearward extensions constituting relatively flexible flaps which are applied against the walls of the trench, and a lower extension suitable for drag against the bottom of the groove.
  • the length of the part of the retaining means trailing against the bottom of the trench is preferably at least equal to 5 ⁇ cm and can reach 2 to 3 meters.
  • the retaining means are made of rigid material, in particular sheet metal, with hinged flaps pressing against the walls and the bottom of the trench.
  • the retaining means in particular when it is a strip or a rod, are supported by an arm, itself fixed on the machine which moves on the surface of the ground. This arm is, in particular, articulated.
  • the retaining means extend beyond the surface of the ground so as to project out of the trench.
  • the machine tool may consist of a chain, or equivalent, forming a closed loop and provided with picks or teeth, this chain being rotated so as to release the groove, the mean direction of the chain being inclined with respect to on the ground, the retaining means being placed substantially parallel to the mean direction of the chain.
  • the invention consists, apart from the arrangements set out above, of a certain number of other arrangements which will be more explicitly discussed below in connection with particular embodiments described with reference to the attached drawing, but which are in no way limiting.
  • Figure 1 of this drawing is a schematic longitudinal vertical section of an apparatus according to the invention during work for the production of a continuous artificial wall in the ground.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic section along line II-II in figure 1.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic section, similar to that of Figure 2, of an alternative embodiment. Referring to the drawing, in particular to FIG. 1, one can see an apparatus 1 for producing a wall 2 in the ground S.
  • This device 1 comprises a machine M
  • Cnotanté mounted on tracks not shown) suitable for moving on the surface of the ground, and which is provided with a tool 3 to make a groove T in the ground.
  • the tool 3 is advantageously constituted by a chain 4, or equivalent, schematically represented, which forms a closed loop having two parallel strands 4a, 4b, connected at their ends by a substantially semi-circular part.
  • the chain 4 is provided with teeth 5, distributed along the entire length and projecting outwards.
  • the chain 4 is driven in rotation using means such as a drive wheel 6.
  • the wheel 6 rotates in the anticlockwise direction and drives the chain 4 in the Same direction.
  • the direction of the strands 4a, 4b is inclined relative to the horizontal direction so that the upper end of the chain is in front (in the direction of progression F of the groove) relative to the lower end located in the bottom of the bleeding.
  • the strand before 4a. constitutes the leading edge adjacent to the front 7 of the groove.
  • the teeth 5 cut this forehead upwards and the debris from the ground are released from the upper part of the chain which is located outside the groove.
  • the front 7 is inclined at an angle ⁇ relative to the bottom 8, substantially horizontal of the tapping, this angle ⁇ being less than 9 ⁇ o, for example of the order of 6 ⁇ o.
  • the apparatus 1 comprises, behind the tool 3, in the direction of progression represented by the arrow F, retaining means R linked to the machine M and which extend from the bottom 8 of the trench upwards .
  • the retaining means R press against the vertical walls 9 and 1 ⁇ ( Figure 2) and against the bottom 8 of the trench T to establish a sufficient etan ⁇ héotti with respect to a filling material 11, which is poured into the trench which has just been dug, behind the retaining means R.
  • the front edge 12 of the material 11 thus poured comes to bear against the retaining means R which thus maintain a free space 13 behind the chain 4.
  • the retaining means R protrude out of the trench T and extend above the surface of the ground.
  • the average distance d. between the front edge 14 of the retaining means R and the zone 15 closest to the path of the tool 3 is less than 2 ⁇ cm, in particular of the order of 1 ⁇ cm.
  • This front edge 14 is substantially parallel to the mean direction of the chain 4.
  • the retaining means R comprise, at their lower end, a part 16 suitable for lying against the bottom 8 of the trench and for ensuring a sufficiently tight connection with the rising part of these retaining means R.
  • these retaining means R comprise a band 17, or skirt, of flexible material, in particular rubberized material or reinforced elastomer.
  • the strip 17 has rearward extensions constituting flaps 18, 19 ( Figure 2) relatively flexible applying against the walls of the groove.
  • the junction zone such as 20 ( Figure 2) between a flap and the actual section of the strip constitutes, in a way, a joint extending in a direction parallel to the mean direction of the chain 4.
  • the strip 17 further comprises a lower extension 21, or flap, constituting the part 16 which drags against the bottom of the groove.
  • the lengths of the flaps 18, 19 and of the part 21 in contact with the bottom 8 are such that there is no passage of the filling material in the excavation zone.
  • the retaining means R are formed by a flange 22 (FIG. 3) of the deformable or inflatable type.
  • the flange can be constituted by a strip of variable thickness and rigidity towards the outside.
  • the tube 22 comprises at least one internal chamber 23 (FIG. 3) into which a gaseous fluid and / or a liquid under pressure can be injected.
  • At least one valve 24 ( Figure 3) located on the side of the free space 13, allows the inflation of the tube 22 which will have flexibility and therefore a lateral thrust on the ground more or less large depending on the inflation pressure.
  • the strip 17 (or the flange 22) is supported by a rigid, articulated arm 25, which extends only partially in the trench T, from the top, this arm 25 being carried by the machine M which moves at the ground surface.
  • the arm 25, in its zone adjacent to the band 17, is substantially parallel to the mean direction of the chain 4.
  • the distance L between the bleeding front 7 and the front edge 14 of the retaining means R is as small as possible.
  • retaining means R is not limiting. These means R could be made of rigid material, in particular sheet metal, with flexible flaps pressing against the walls 9 and 1 ⁇ of the groove, these flaps being articulated along axes equivalent to zones 2 ⁇ , and with one or more articulated flaps around a horizontal transverse axis, pressing against the bottom 8 of the groove.
  • the filling material is introduced behind the retaining means R.
  • the material is poured at a distance X (measured at the level of the upper surface of the ground) behind the front edge 14 of the means R.
  • the material spreads, from the point of pouring, towards the bottom 8 and the strip or skirt 17, the upper surface 26 of the material thus spread being substantially planar and inclined below the horizontal by an angle ⁇ in the direction of the strip 17.
  • the intersection of this surface 26 and the strip 17 is located at a distance h above the bottom 8 of the groove.
  • the invention makes it possible to quickly and economically produce continuous artificial walls in the ground. If desired, seals can be inserted into these walls; of course, reinforcements or other conventional elements can also be implemented in such walls.
  • the excavation machine M and the retaining means R (in particular the strip or skirt 17) which follow provide immediate support for the ground; then, it is the filling which ensures this function whatever the final goal of the wall produced:

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Paleontology (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Bulkheads Adapted To Foundation Construction (AREA)
  • Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)

Abstract

In order to make a continuous artificial wall (2) into the ground (S), a trench (T) is dug into the ground and the trench is filled with a specific material. There is provided at a reduced distance (L) backwards of the trench front (7) retaining means (R) applied against the walls of the trench and appropriate to advance with the trench front (7). As the front (7) advances, the filling material is introduced into the space which has been cleared, the front (12) of said material bearing against the retainer means (R).

Description

PROCEDE ET APPAREIL POUR REALISER UNE PAROI DANS LE SOL. METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING A WALL IN THE GROUND.

L'invention est relative à un procédé pour réaliser une paroi dans le sol, procédé suivant lequel on creuse une saignée dans le sol que l'on remplit ensuite d'un matériau ayant des propriétés spécifiques.The invention relates to a method for producing a wall in the ground, a method according to which a groove is dug in the ground which is then filled with a material having specific properties.

On peut donner comme exemples de tels matériaux :Examples of such materials can be given:

- un matériau fluide à la mise en oeuvre propre à durcir en place tel que du mortier ou du béton ;- A fluid material to the implementation suitable for hardening in place such as mortar or concrete;

- un matériau drainant ;- a draining material;

- un matériau étanche, etc.... L'invention a pour but, surtout, de fournir un procédé qui réponde mieux que jusqu'à présent aux diverses exigences de la pratique et qui, notamment, permette de réaliser rapidement et économiquement une paroi artificielle continue dans le sol.- A waterproof material, etc. The object of the invention is, above all, to provide a process which meets better than hitherto the various requirements of the practice and which, in particular, allows a wall to be produced quickly and economically artificial continues in the ground.

Le procédé conforme à l'invention est caractérisé par le fait qu'on prévoit, à une distance réduite en arrière du front de saignée, des moyens de retenue s'appliquant contre les parois de la saignée, et propres à avancer avec le front de saignée, et qu'au fur et à mesure de l'avance de ce front, on introduit le matériau de remplissage dans l'espace qui vient d'être dégagé, le front de ce matériau venant en appui contre les moyens de retenue.The method according to the invention is characterized in that provision is made, at a reduced distance behind the bleed front, for retaining means which are applied against the walls of the groove, and suitable for advancing with the front of bleeding, and as the advancement of this front, the filling material is introduced into the space which has just been released, the front of this material coming to bear against the retaining means.

De préférence, la distance entre le front de saignée et le front du matériau de remplissage est aussi faible que possible, en particulier inférieure à deux mètres.Preferably, the distance between the bleeding front and the front of the filling material is as small as possible, in particular less than two meters.

Un tel procédé permet, notamment, de s'affranchir de la mise en place de blindages, étaiements et/ou coffrages avant de couler le matériau de remplissage.Such a method makes it possible, in particular, to dispense with the installation of shields, shoring and / or formwork before pouring the filling material.

L'invention est également relative à un appareil pour réaliser une paroi dans le sol, cet appareil comprenant une machine munie d'un outil pour réaliser une saignée dans le sol, la machine étant propre à se déplacer à la surface du sol suivant une direction déterminée.The invention also relates to a apparatus for making a wall in the ground, this apparatus comprising a machine provided with a tool for making a groove in the ground, the machine being able to move on the ground surface in a determined direction.

L'appareil selon l'invention est caractérisé par le fait qu'il comprend, en arrière de l'outil de l a machine, suivant l e sens de progressi on de l a tranchée, des moyens de retenue liés à la machine qui s'étendent depuis le fond de la saignée vers le haut, ces moyens de retenue appuyant contre les parois verticales et contre le fond de la saignée pour établir une étanchéité suffisante à l'égard du matériau de remplissage. Ce matériau est déversé par des moyens de remplissage ou de pompage dans la saignée qui vient d'être creusée, en arrière des moyens de retenue, le front de ce matériau de remplissage venant en appui contre les susdits moyens de retenue.The apparatus according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises, behind the machine tool, in the direction of progress of the trench, retaining means linked to the machine which extend from the bottom of the groove upwards, these retaining means pressing against the vertical walls and against the bottom of the groove to establish a sufficient seal with respect to the filling material. This material is poured by filling or pumping means into the groove which has just been dug, behind the retaining means, the front of this filling material coming to bear against the above-mentioned retaining means.

La distance moyenne entre le bord avant des moyens de retenue et la zone la plus proche de la trajectoire des outils de coupe est de préférence inférieure à 2∅ cm, notamment de l'ordre de 1∅ cm.The average distance between the front edge of the retaining means and the area closest to the path of the cutting tools is preferably less than 2∅ cm, in particular of the order of 1∅ cm.

Les moyens de retenue comprennent, à leur extrémité inférieure, une partie propre à traîner contre le fond de la saignée et à assurer un raccordement suffisamment étanche avec la partie montante des moyens de retenue.The retaining means comprise, at their lower end, a part suitable for dragging against the bottom of the groove and for ensuring a sufficiently tight connection with the rising part of the retaining means.

Selon une réalisation avantageuse, les moyens de retenue comprennent une bande ou un boudin en matière souple, notamment en matière caoutchoutée ou élastomère armée. Le boudin peut être du type gonflable, par exemple à l'aide d'un fluide gazeux et/ou un liquide. La bande ou le boudin peut comporter des prolongements vers l'arrière constituant des volets relativement souples qui s'appliquent contre les parois de la tranchée, et un prolongement inférieur propre à traîner contre le fond de la saignée.According to an advantageous embodiment, the retaining means comprise a strip or a rod of flexible material, in particular of rubberized material or reinforced elastomer. The tube can be of the inflatable type, for example using a gaseous fluid and / or a liquid. The strip or the flange may have rearward extensions constituting relatively flexible flaps which are applied against the walls of the trench, and a lower extension suitable for drag against the bottom of the groove.

La longueur de la partie des moyens de retenue traînant contre le fond de la tranchée est de préférence au moins égale à 5∅ cm et peut atteindre 2 à 3 mètres.The length of the part of the retaining means trailing against the bottom of the trench is preferably at least equal to 5∅ cm and can reach 2 to 3 meters.

Selon une autre possibilité, les moyens de retenue sont réalisés en matière rigide, notamment en tôle, avec des volets articulés appuyant contre les parois et le fond de la tranchée. Les moyens de retenue, notamment lorsqu'il s'agit d'une bande ou d'un boudin, sont supportés par un bras, lui-même fixé sur la machine qui se déplace à la surface du sol. Ce bras est, notamment, articulé.According to another possibility, the retaining means are made of rigid material, in particular sheet metal, with hinged flaps pressing against the walls and the bottom of the trench. The retaining means, in particular when it is a strip or a rod, are supported by an arm, itself fixed on the machine which moves on the surface of the ground. This arm is, in particular, articulated.

Généralement les moyens de retenue s'étendent au-delà de la surface du sol de manière à faire saillie hors de la tranchée.Generally the retaining means extend beyond the surface of the ground so as to project out of the trench.

L'outil de la machine peut être constitué par une chaîne, ou équivalent, formant une boucle fermée et munie de pics ou dents, cette chaîne étant entraînée en rotation de manière à dégager la saignée, la direction moyenne de la chaîne étant inclinée par rapport au sol, les moyens de retenue étant placés sensiblement parallèlement à la direction moyenne de la chaîne. L'invention consiste, mises à part les dispositions exposées ci-dessus, en un certain nombre d'autres dispositions dont il sera plus explicitement question ci-après à propos de modes de réalisation particuliers décrits avec référence au dessin ci-annexé, mais qui ne sont nullement limitatifs.The machine tool may consist of a chain, or equivalent, forming a closed loop and provided with picks or teeth, this chain being rotated so as to release the groove, the mean direction of the chain being inclined with respect to on the ground, the retaining means being placed substantially parallel to the mean direction of the chain. The invention consists, apart from the arrangements set out above, of a certain number of other arrangements which will be more explicitly discussed below in connection with particular embodiments described with reference to the attached drawing, but which are in no way limiting.

La figure 1, de ce dessin, est une coupe verticale longitudinale schématique d'un appareil conforme à l'invention en cours de travail pour la réalisation d'une paroi artificielle continue dans le sol.Figure 1 of this drawing is a schematic longitudinal vertical section of an apparatus according to the invention during work for the production of a continuous artificial wall in the ground.

La figure 2, est une coupe schématique suivant la ligne II-II figure 1.Figure 2 is a schematic section along line II-II in figure 1.

La figure 3, enfin, est une coupe schématique, semblable à celle de la figure 2, d'une variante de réalisation. En se reportant au dessin, notamment à la figure 1, on peut voir un appareil 1 pour réaliser une paroi 2 dans le sol S.Figure 3, finally, is a schematic section, similar to that of Figure 2, of an alternative embodiment. Referring to the drawing, in particular to FIG. 1, one can see an apparatus 1 for producing a wall 2 in the ground S.

Cet appareil 1 comprend une machine MThis device 1 comprises a machine M

Cnotamment montée sur des chenilles non représentées) propre à se déplacer à la surface du sol, et qui est munie d'un outil 3 pour réaliser une saignée T dans le sol.Cnotanté mounted on tracks not shown) suitable for moving on the surface of the ground, and which is provided with a tool 3 to make a groove T in the ground.

L'outil 3 est avantageusement constitué par une chaîne 4, ou équivalent, schématiquement représentée, qui forme une boucle fermée présentant deux brins parallèles 4a, 4b, reliés à leurs extrémités par une partie sensiblement semi-circulaire. La chaîne 4 est munie de dents 5, réparties suivant toute la longueur et faisant saillie vers l'extérieur.The tool 3 is advantageously constituted by a chain 4, or equivalent, schematically represented, which forms a closed loop having two parallel strands 4a, 4b, connected at their ends by a substantially semi-circular part. The chain 4 is provided with teeth 5, distributed along the entire length and projecting outwards.

La chaîne 4 est entraînée en rotation à l'aide de moyens tels qu'une roue motrice 6. Selon la représentation de la figure 1, la roue 6 tourne dans le sens contraire des aiguilles d'une montre et entraîne la chaîne 4 dans le même sens. La direction des brins 4a, 4b est inclinée, par rapport à la direction horizontale de manière que l'extrémité supérieure de la chaîne se trouve en avant (suivant le sens de progression F de la saignée) par rapport à l'extrémité inférieure située dans le fond de la saignée. Le brin avant 4a. constitue le brin d'attaque adjacent au front 7 de la saignée. Les dents 5 taillent ce front en remontant et les débris de sol sont dégagés à la part ie supér ieure de l a chaîne qu i se trouve en dehors de la saignée. Le front 7 est incliné d'un angle α par rapport au fond 8, sensiblement horizontal de la saignée, cet angle α étant inférieur à 9∅º, par exemple de l'ordre de 6∅º.The chain 4 is driven in rotation using means such as a drive wheel 6. According to the representation of FIG. 1, the wheel 6 rotates in the anticlockwise direction and drives the chain 4 in the Same direction. The direction of the strands 4a, 4b is inclined relative to the horizontal direction so that the upper end of the chain is in front (in the direction of progression F of the groove) relative to the lower end located in the bottom of the bleeding. The strand before 4a. constitutes the leading edge adjacent to the front 7 of the groove. The teeth 5 cut this forehead upwards and the debris from the ground are released from the upper part of the chain which is located outside the groove. The front 7 is inclined at an angle α relative to the bottom 8, substantially horizontal of the tapping, this angle α being less than 9∅º, for example of the order of 6∅º.

L'appareil 1 comprend, en arrière de l'outil 3, suivant le sens de progression représenté par la flèche F, des moyens de retenue R liés à la machine M et qui s'étendent depuis le fond 8 de la tranchée vers le haut. Les moyens de retenue R appuient contre les parois verticales 9 et 1∅ (figure 2) et contre le fond 8 de la tranchée T pour établir une étanσhéité suffisante à l'égard d'un matériau de remplissage 11, qui est versé dans la tranchée qui vient d'être creusée, en arrière des moyens de retenue R. Le front avant 12 du matériau 11 ainsi versé vient en appui contre les moyens de retenue R qui maintiennent ainsi un espace libre 13 en arrière de la chaîne 4.The apparatus 1 comprises, behind the tool 3, in the direction of progression represented by the arrow F, retaining means R linked to the machine M and which extend from the bottom 8 of the trench upwards . The retaining means R press against the vertical walls 9 and 1∅ (Figure 2) and against the bottom 8 of the trench T to establish a sufficient etanσhéité with respect to a filling material 11, which is poured into the trench which has just been dug, behind the retaining means R. The front edge 12 of the material 11 thus poured comes to bear against the retaining means R which thus maintain a free space 13 behind the chain 4.

Il est à noter que d'autres types de matériau de remplissage peuvent être utilisés, par exemple du sable dans le cadre de réalisation de parois moulées pour le drainage du sol. Avantageusement, les moyens de retenue R font saillie hors de la tranchée T et s'étendent audessus de la surface du sol.It should be noted that other types of filling material can be used, for example sand in the context of producing diaphragm walls for the drainage of the soil. Advantageously, the retaining means R protrude out of the trench T and extend above the surface of the ground.

La distance moyenne d. entre le bord avant 14 des moyens de retenue R et la zone 15 la plus proche de la trajectoire de l'outil 3 est inférieure à 2∅ cm, notamment de l'ordre de 1∅ cm. Ce bord avant 14 est sensiblement parallèle à la direction moyenne de la chaîne 4.The average distance d. between the front edge 14 of the retaining means R and the zone 15 closest to the path of the tool 3 is less than 2∅ cm, in particular of the order of 1∅ cm. This front edge 14 is substantially parallel to the mean direction of the chain 4.

Les moyens de retenue R comprennent, à leur extrémité inférieure, une partie 16 propre à traîner contre le fond 8 de la tranchée et à assurer un raccordement suffisamment étanche avec la partie montante de ces moyens de retenue R.The retaining means R comprise, at their lower end, a part 16 suitable for lying against the bottom 8 of the trench and for ensuring a sufficiently tight connection with the rising part of these retaining means R.

Avantageusement, ces moyens de retenue R comprennent une bande 17, ou jupe, en matière souple, notamment matière caoutchoutée ou élastomère armée. Avantageusement, la bande 17 comporte des prolongements vers l'arrière constituant des volets 18, 19 (figure 2) relativement souples s'appliquant contre les parois de la saignée. La zone de jonction tel le que 20 (figure 2) entre un volet et la section proprement dite de la bande constitue, en quelque sorte, une articulation s'étendant suivant une direction parallèle à la direction moyenne de la chaîne 4. La bande 17 comporte, en outre, un prolongement inférieur 21, ou bavette, constituant la partie 16 qui traîne contre le fond de la saignée. Les longueurs des volets 18, 19 et de la partie 21 en contact avec le fond 8 sont telles qu'il n'y ait aucun passage du matériau de remplissage dans la zone d'excavation.Advantageously, these retaining means R comprise a band 17, or skirt, of flexible material, in particular rubberized material or reinforced elastomer. Advantageously, the strip 17 has rearward extensions constituting flaps 18, 19 (Figure 2) relatively flexible applying against the walls of the groove. The junction zone such as 20 (Figure 2) between a flap and the actual section of the strip constitutes, in a way, a joint extending in a direction parallel to the mean direction of the chain 4. The strip 17 further comprises a lower extension 21, or flap, constituting the part 16 which drags against the bottom of the groove. The lengths of the flaps 18, 19 and of the part 21 in contact with the bottom 8 are such that there is no passage of the filling material in the excavation zone.

Selon une autre possibilité, les moyens de retenue R sont formés par un boudin 22 ( figure 3) du type déformable ou gonflable. Le boudin peut être constitué par un bandeau d'épaisseur et rigidité variable vers l'extérieur. Selon la réalisation de la figure 3, le boudin 22 comprend au moins une chambre interne 23 (figure 3) dans laquelle peut être injecté un fluide gazeux et/ou un liquide sous pression. Au moins une valve 24 (figure 3) située du côté de l'espace libre 13, permet le gonflage du boudin 22 qui présentera une flexibilité et donc une poussée latérale sur le terrain plus ou moins grande selon la pression de gonflage.According to another possibility, the retaining means R are formed by a flange 22 (FIG. 3) of the deformable or inflatable type. The flange can be constituted by a strip of variable thickness and rigidity towards the outside. According to the embodiment of FIG. 3, the tube 22 comprises at least one internal chamber 23 (FIG. 3) into which a gaseous fluid and / or a liquid under pressure can be injected. At least one valve 24 (Figure 3) located on the side of the free space 13, allows the inflation of the tube 22 which will have flexibility and therefore a lateral thrust on the ground more or less large depending on the inflation pressure.

La bande 17 (ou le boudin 22) est supportée par un bras rigide 25, articulé, qui ne s'étend que partiellement dans la tranchée T, à partir du haut, ce bras 25 étant porté par la machine M qui se déplace à la surface du sol. Le bras 25, dans sa zone adjacente a la bande 17, est sensiblement parallèle à la direction moyenne de la chaîne 4.The strip 17 (or the flange 22) is supported by a rigid, articulated arm 25, which extends only partially in the trench T, from the top, this arm 25 being carried by the machine M which moves at the ground surface. The arm 25, in its zone adjacent to the band 17, is substantially parallel to the mean direction of the chain 4.

La distance L entre le front 7 de saignée et le bord avant 14 des moyens de retenue R est aussi réduite que possible.The distance L between the bleeding front 7 and the front edge 14 of the retaining means R is as small as possible.

Il est clair que l'exemple de réalisation donné pour les moyens de retenue R n'est pas limitatif. Ces moyens R pourraient être réalisés en matière rigide, notamment en tôle, avec des volets flexibles appuyant contre les parois 9 et 1∅ de la saignée, ces volets étant articulés suivant des axes équivalents aux zones 2∅, et avec un ou plusieurs volets articulés autour d'un axe transversal horizontal, appuyant contre le fond 8 de la saignée.It is clear that the embodiment given for the retaining means R is not limiting. These means R could be made of rigid material, in particular sheet metal, with flexible flaps pressing against the walls 9 and 1∅ of the groove, these flaps being articulated along axes equivalent to zones 2∅, and with one or more articulated flaps around a horizontal transverse axis, pressing against the bottom 8 of the groove.

Ceci étant, la réalisation d'une paroi dans le sol s'effectue, selon l'invention, de la manière suivante. On commence à creuser la saignée T à l'aide de l'outil 3, prévu sur la machine M qui avance suivant la direction F.That said, the production of a wall in the ground is carried out, according to the invention, in the following manner. We begin to dig the groove T using the tool 3, provided on the machine M which advances in the direction F.

Au fur et à mesure de l'avance du front 7 de saignée, on introduit, en arrière des moyens de retenue R, le matériau de remplissage. Le matériau est déversé à une distance X (mesurée au niveau de la surface supérieure du sol) en arrière du bord avant 14 des moyens R. Le matériau se répand, depuis le point de déversement, en direction du fond 8 et de la bande ou jupe 17, la surface supérieure 26 du matériau ainsi répandu étant sensiblement plane et inclinée audessous de l'horizontale d'un angle β en direction de la bande 17. L'intersection de cette surface 26 et de la bande 17 est située à une distance h au-dessus du fond 8 de la saignée.As the bleeding front 7 advances, the filling material is introduced behind the retaining means R. The material is poured at a distance X (measured at the level of the upper surface of the ground) behind the front edge 14 of the means R. The material spreads, from the point of pouring, towards the bottom 8 and the strip or skirt 17, the upper surface 26 of the material thus spread being substantially planar and inclined below the horizontal by an angle β in the direction of the strip 17. The intersection of this surface 26 and the strip 17 is located at a distance h above the bottom 8 of the groove.

Il est possible de diminuer ou d'augmenter l'angle β en jouant sur la fluidité ou la nature du matériau déversé.It is possible to decrease or increase the angle β by adjusting the fluidity or the nature of the material spilled.

Pour une valeur déterminée de l'angle β , il est possible de modifier la hauteur h en faisant varier la distance X du point de déversement à la bande 17 ou jupe.For a determined value of the angle β, it is possible to modify the height h by varying the distance X from the discharge point to the band 17 or skirt.

Il est clair que la zone de déversement du matériau de remplissage progresse à la même vitesse que la saignée T. Le matériau de remplissage exerce une poussée frontale sur la jupe 17 et sur la bavette 21 du fond.It is clear that the filling material discharge zone progresses at the same speed as the groove T. The filling material exerts a frontal thrust on the skirt 17 and on the flap 21 at the bottom.

L'invention permet de réaliser rapidement et économiquement des parois artificielles continues dans le sol. Si on le souhaite, des joints peuvent être insérés dans ces parois ; bien entendu, des armatures ou autres éléments classiques peuvent être également mis en place dans de telles parois.The invention makes it possible to quickly and economically produce continuous artificial walls in the ground. If desired, seals can be inserted into these walls; of course, reinforcements or other conventional elements can also be implemented in such walls.

Il est également possible d'insérer une pellicule de matière étanche telle que du polyane, ou de matière pour le drainage telle que du géotextile, entre la ou les faces de la saignée et celles de la paroi moulée.It is also possible to insert a film of waterproof material such as polyane, or of material for drainage such as geotextile, between the face or faces of the groove and those of the diaphragm wall.

La machine d'excavation M et les moyens de retenue R (en particulier la bande ou jupe 17)qui suivent assurent le soutènement immédiat du sol ; ensuite, c'est le remplissage qui assure cette fonction quel que soit le but final de la paroi réalisée :The excavation machine M and the retaining means R (in particular the strip or skirt 17) which follow provide immediate support for the ground; then, it is the filling which ensures this function whatever the final goal of the wall produced:

- paroi rigide en béton ; - paroi de drainage ;- rigid concrete wall; - drainage wall;

- paroi d'étanchéité souple ou rigide, etc...- flexible or rigid sealing wall, etc.

Ces spécifications pourront être cumulées. These specifications may be combined.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS 1. Procédé pour réaliser une paroi dans le sol, suivant lequel on creuse une saignée dans le sol que l'on remplit ensuite d'un matériau ayant des propriétés spécifiques, caractérisé par le fait qu'on prévoit, à une distance réduite (L) en arrière du front de saignée (7), des moyens de retenue (R) s'appliquant contre les parois de la saignée (T), et propres à avancer avec le front de saignée (7), et qu'au fur et à mesure de l'avance de ce front (7), on introduit le matériau de remplissage dans l'espace qui vient d'être dégagé, le front (12) de ce matériau venant en appui contre les moyens de retenue (R). CLAIMS 1. Method for producing a wall in the ground, according to which a groove is dug in the ground which is then filled with a material having specific properties, characterized in that provision is made, at a reduced distance ( L) behind the bleeding front (7), retaining means (R) applying against the walls of the grooving (T), and suitable for advancing with the bleeding front (7), and that as and as this front (7) advances, the filling material is introduced into the space which has just been released, the front (12) of this material coming to bear against the retaining means (R) . 2. Appareil pour réaliser une paroi moulée dans le sol comprenant une machine munie d'un outil pour creuser une saignée dans le sol, la machine étant propre à se déplacer à la surface du sol suivant une direction déterminée, caractérisé par le fait qu'il comprend, en arrière de l'outil (3) de la machine, suivant le sens de progression (F) de la saignée, des moyens de retenue (R), liés à la machine (M), qui s'étendent depuis le fond (8) de la saignée vers le haut, ces moyens de retenue (R) appuyant contre les parois verticales (9, 1∅) et contre le fond (8) de la saignée pour établir une étanchéité suffisante à l'égard du matériau de remplissage (11), dont le front (12) est propre à venir en appui contre les moyens de retenue (R).2. Apparatus for producing a wall molded in the ground comprising a machine provided with a tool for digging a groove in the ground, the machine being able to move on the surface of the ground in a determined direction, characterized in that it comprises, behind the tool (3) of the machine, in the direction of progression (F) of the groove, retaining means (R), linked to the machine (M), which extend from the bottom (8) of the groove upwards, these retaining means (R) pressing against the vertical walls (9, 1∅) and against the bottom (8) of the groove to establish a sufficient seal with respect to the material filling (11), the front (12) of which is capable of coming to bear against the retaining means (R). 3. Appareil selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que la distance moyenne (d) entre le bord avant (14) des moyens de retenue (R) et la zone (15) la plus proche de la trajectoire de l'outil (3) est inférieure à 2∅ cm, notamment de l ' ordre de 1 ∅ cm . 3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the average distance (d) between the front edge (14) of the retaining means (R) and the area (15) closest to the path of the tool ( 3) is less than 2∅ cm, in particular of the order of 1 ∅ cm. 4. Appareil selon la revendication 2 ou 3, caractérisé par le fait que les moyens de retenue (R) comprennent, à leur extrémité inférieure, une partie4. Apparatus according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the retaining means (R) include, at their lower end, a portion (16) propre à traîner contre le fond (8) de la saignée (T) et à assurer un raccordement suffisamment étanche avec la partie montante des moyens de retenue (R). (16) suitable for dragging against the bottom (8) of the groove (T) and ensuring a sufficiently tight connection with the rising part of the retaining means (R). 5. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé par le fait que les moyens de retenue (R) comprennent une bande (17) ou un boudin (22) en matière souple, notamment en matière élastomère armée. 5. Apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the retaining means (R) comprise a strip (17) or a flange (22) of flexible material, in particular of reinforced elastomeric material. 6. Appareil selon la revendication 5, caractérisé par le fait que le boudin (22) est du type gonflable par un fluide gazeux et/ou par un liquide.6. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the flange (22) is of the type inflatable by a gaseous fluid and / or by a liquid. 7. Appareil selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé par le fait que la bande (17) ou le boudin (22) comporte des prolongements vers l'arrière constituant des volets (18, 19) relativement souples s'appliquant d'une manière suffisamment étanche contre les parois de la saignée, et un prolongement inférieur (21), traînant contre le fond (8) de la saignée. 7. Apparatus according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the strip (17) or the flange (22) has rearward extensions constituting flaps (18, 19) relatively flexible applying in a way sufficiently tight against the walls of the groove, and a lower extension (21), trailing against the bottom (8) of the groove. 8. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé par le fait que les moyens de retenue (R) sont réalisés en matière rigide, notamment en tôle, avec des volets articulés appuyant contre les parois (9, 10) et le fond (8) de la saignée.8. Apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the retaining means (R) are made of rigid material, in particular sheet metal, with articulated flaps pressing against the walls (9, 10) and the bottom (8) of the groove. 9. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 8, caractérisé par le fait que les moyens de retenue (R), notamment formés par une bande9. Apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that the retaining means (R), in particular formed by a strip (17) ou un boudin (22), sont supportés par un bras rigide (25), notamment articulé, lui-même porté par la machine (M) se déplaçant à la surface du sol (S).(17) or a flange (22), are supported by a rigid arm (25), in particular articulated, itself carried by the machine (M) moving on the surface of the ground (S). 10. Appareil selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 9, caractérisé par le fait que l'outil (3) de la machine est constitué par une chaîne (4), ou équivalent, formant une boucle fermée et munie de dents (5), cette chaîne étant entraînée en rotation de manière à dégager la saignée, la direction moyenne de la chaîne (4) étant inclinée par rapport au sol, les moyens de retenue (R) étant placés sensiblement parallèlement à la direction moyenne de la chaîne (4). 10. Apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that the tool (3) of the machine consists of a chain (4), or equivalent, forming a closed loop and provided with teeth (5 ), this chain being driven in rotation so as to release the groove, the mean direction of the chain (4) being inclined relative to the ground, the retaining means (R) being placed substantially parallel to the mean direction of the chain (4).
PCT/FR1988/000093 1987-02-20 1988-02-19 Apparatus and method for making a wall into the ground Ceased WO1988006208A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8702227A FR2611219B3 (en) 1987-02-20 1987-02-20 METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MAKING A WALL IN THE GROUND
FR87/02227 1987-02-20

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO1988006208A1 true WO1988006208A1 (en) 1988-08-25

Family

ID=9348134

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FR1988/000093 Ceased WO1988006208A1 (en) 1987-02-20 1988-02-19 Apparatus and method for making a wall into the ground

Country Status (3)

Country Link
ES (1) ES2010249A6 (en)
FR (1) FR2611219B3 (en)
WO (1) WO1988006208A1 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0688907A1 (en) 1994-06-23 1995-12-27 Bouygues Apparatus and method for the construction of a concrete trench wall
FR2721633A1 (en) * 1994-06-23 1995-12-29 Bouygues Sa Underground concrete wall construction procedure
NL1007263C2 (en) * 1997-10-13 1999-04-14 Bouwkundig Adviesburo Roel Meu Excavating machine for digging narrow trenches

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2048710A (en) * 1932-11-25 1936-07-28 Ranney Leo Process for building underground structures and apparatus therefor
FR1260016A (en) * 1959-12-12 1961-05-05 Costa Fu Ernanio Flli Method and device for the execution of concrete, reinforced concrete or similar infrastructures by parallel drilling, and simultaneous casting of concrete or cement
US4379658A (en) * 1980-12-03 1983-04-12 Thatcher Engineering Corporation Method and apparatus for constructing slurry walls

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2048710A (en) * 1932-11-25 1936-07-28 Ranney Leo Process for building underground structures and apparatus therefor
FR1260016A (en) * 1959-12-12 1961-05-05 Costa Fu Ernanio Flli Method and device for the execution of concrete, reinforced concrete or similar infrastructures by parallel drilling, and simultaneous casting of concrete or cement
US4379658A (en) * 1980-12-03 1983-04-12 Thatcher Engineering Corporation Method and apparatus for constructing slurry walls

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0688907A1 (en) 1994-06-23 1995-12-27 Bouygues Apparatus and method for the construction of a concrete trench wall
FR2721633A1 (en) * 1994-06-23 1995-12-29 Bouygues Sa Underground concrete wall construction procedure
FR2721634A1 (en) * 1994-06-23 1995-12-29 Bouygues Sa Device and method for the execution of a concrete veil in a trench
NL1007263C2 (en) * 1997-10-13 1999-04-14 Bouwkundig Adviesburo Roel Meu Excavating machine for digging narrow trenches

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2611219B3 (en) 1989-06-09
ES2010249A6 (en) 1989-11-01
FR2611219A1 (en) 1988-08-26

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0101350B1 (en) Method and device for pulling out a shuttering at the realization of an underground cast wall
EP0021987B1 (en) Machine for driving underground galleries
CA2008123C (en) Buried pipe making method
WO1988006208A1 (en) Apparatus and method for making a wall into the ground
EP1264049A1 (en) Drilling apparatus for hard ground
FR2636259A1 (en) SIDE WALL FOR A CONTINUOUS CASTING INSTALLATION BETWEEN MOBILE WALLS AND INSTALLATION COMPRISING SAID WALL
EP1626129B1 (en) Machine for digging a trench and forming a wall in said trench
CH622058A5 (en) Machine for digging galleries or tunnels
EP3617409B1 (en) Device and method for mechanical backfilling of trenches
FR2480815A1 (en) RAILWAY CONSTRUCTION MACHINE COMPRISING A DEVICE FOR DEBLAYING AND PLACING THE BALLAST LAYER
LU88397A1 (en) Method for sealing sheet pile assemblies, device for placing the sealing material and sealing joint thus produced
FR2475507A1 (en) CHAIN CONVEYOR WITH RACLETTES
EP1152101B1 (en) Apparatus for realising mortar joints
FR2560635A2 (en) Underground road tunnel formation system
EP0360682B1 (en) Expansion joint for a concrete pavement
CA1283785C (en) Ballasting method and device for a continuously laid and buried pipe in a trench with temporarily shored sidewalls
FR2750442A1 (en) NOVEL DRAINING WALL, METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF AND ELEMENT IMPLEMENTED
EP0688907B1 (en) Apparatus and method for the construction of a concrete trench wall
JP2016136844A (en) Levee shaping disc for levee plastering machine
FR2764331A1 (en) TUNNEL EXCAVATION MACHINE
BE901814R (en) Underground road tunnel formation system - forms intermediate layer between rock and intermediate formwork before lining
FR2688538A1 (en) Device and method for excavating and concreting a dome roof in the excavation of a tunnel
FR2676479A1 (en) METHOD FOR PRODUCING THIN WALLS IN SOIL AND DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING SAME.
BE733942A (en)
CA1127856A (en) Diversion sluice gate with wheel retracting system for hydro-electric plant

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
AK Designated states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): JP US

AL Designated countries for regional patents

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE DE FR GB IT